Four season’s data of floristic structure and biological spectrum of Toormang Valley, Dir lower was explored during 2018-2019. The flora comprised 238 species, 164 genera associated with 60 families. The most prevailing family was Asteraceae with 42 species (17.64%), trailed by Rosaceae 16 (6.72%), Brassicaceae 13(5.46%), Solanaceae 11 (4.62%), Papilionaceae 10 (4.20%), Apiaceae, and Poaceae each with 9 (3.78%), Lamiaceae 8 (3.36%), Boraginaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Moraceae each contributed by 7 species (2.94%), Amaranthaceae and Cucurbitaceae each consisted of 6 species (2.52%), Caryophyllaceae and Chenopodiaceae each with 5 (2.10%) while rest of 23 families contributed by 1 species each (0.42%). The largest genera were Euphorbia (6 species), followed by Sonchus and Medicago (4 species) each. Therophytes were the dominant with 102 species (42.85%), followed by nanophanerophytes with 27 (11.34%), hemicryptophytes with 25 (10.50%), chamaephytes with 20 (8.40%), microphanerophytes with 18(7.56%), megaphanerophytes with 16 (6.72%), geophytes with 15 (6.30%), mesophanerophytes with 14 (5.88%) and parasite with 1 species (0.42%). The observations on leaf size revealed that microphyll was the prevailing class with 73 species (30.67%), followed by mesophyll 69 (28.99%), nanophyll 60 (25.21%), leptophyll 23 (9.66%), macrophyll 8 (3.36%), megaphylly 4 (1.1.68%) and aphyllous with 1 species (0.42%). Simple lamina species 154 while 5 species had spiny lamina shape.
Research Article · Volume 27, Issue 4, 31 May 2024 · Open Access
PHYTOCLIMATIC SPECTRUM OF WEEDS FLORA OF TOORMANG VALLEY, DIR LOWER,KOH-E-HINDUKUSH RANGE, PAKISTAN
· · · · · ·
Affiliations & Notes ⌄
- 1Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan 2Department of Weed Science & Botany,The University of Agriculture,Peshawar, Pakistan 3Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 4Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Bannu. *Corresponding author’s email: wisalbot@icp.edu.pk
Article Info ⌄
- Journal:
- Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research
- Published:
- 31 May 2024

Abstract
The full text of this article is available as a PDF — use Download PDF above.
Services
Article usage statistics
Loading…
Related articles
- Floristic Composition and Biological Spectrum of Palangzai Miran Shah Village, District North Waziristan (Merged Areas), Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Journal of Forestry · 2025
- PHYTODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF WEED SPECIES OF SUFAID SUNG, PESHAWARPakistan Journal of Weed Science Research · 2024
- Phytoclimatic Patterns and Seasonal Variation in Plant Life Forms and Leaf Size Spectra in District Dir Lower, PakistanPakistan Journal of Weed Science Research · 2026
- Floristic composition and ecological characteristics of plant resources of Landi Kotal, district Khyber, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanPakistan Journal of Forestry · 2024
- FLORISITIC COMPOSITION AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLORA OF TEHSIL SARAI NAURANG, DISTRICT LAKKI MARWAT, PAKISTANPakistan Journal of Weed Science Research · 2024
- Identification and Morphological Characteristics of Weed Flora Associated with Wheat, Rice and Maize crops in Batkhela, District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanPakistan Journal of Weed Science Research · 2026
