Vol.50, Iss. 4

Length-Weight Relationships and Condition Factors of Five Crab Species (Decapoda) in the Black Sea

Mehmet Aydın

This study determined the carapace length (CL)-weight relationships of the fiveDecapoda species (Pachygrapsus marmoratus, Carcinus aestuarii, Liocarcinus depurator, Liocarcinus navigator, and Eriphia verrucosa) living in the Black Sea. The crab samples were ob…

Diversity and Nest Characteristics of Owl Species Inhabiting Margalla Hills National Park Islamabad, Pakistan

Tariq Mahmood, Shafqat Rasool, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem, Fiaz Nadeem

Field surveys were conducted fortnightly from February 2014 to May 2015 for recording diversity of owl species inhabiting Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad (MHNP). Three owl species viz., Spotted Owlet (Athene brama), Little owlet (Athene noctua) and the…

Occurrence of Common Leopard (Panthera pardus) in Abbaspur Area, District Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Nausheen Irshad, Imran Yousaf, Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Saeed Awan

The common leopard (Panthera pardus) is facing serious threats in many parts of its habitat. There is general lack of formal studies on the species. A survey was conducted from June to December 2014 to document existence of the leopard in Abbaspur area, Azad J…

Isolation and Characterization of 19 Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers of Sepia esculenta

Xiangbin Meng, Tianxiang Gao, Chunhou Li, Na Song, Lu Liu, Liqin Liu et al.

Sepia esculenta is an economically important marine cephalopoda. The availability of highly polymorphic markers will be important to promote the conservation of this species. We performed next-generation sequencing and de novo assembly to obtain potential usef…

Serological Survey of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus among Yaks (Bos poephagus grunniens) in Hongyuan of Sichuan, China

Jia-kui Li, Kun Li, Zhao-qing Han, Hui Zhang, Xiao-qiang Wang, Hou-qiang Luo et al.

A serological detection by employing commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit to test the prevalence of BVDV(Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus) in yaks in Hongyuan, Sichuan province, a cold climate and high altitude area of China. Totally, 516 yak se…

Effect of Temperature on the Toxicity of Biorational Insecticides against Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) in Stored Wheat

Gulnaz Malik, Abdul Qadir, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan

The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important pest of stored grains including wheat, maize and rice. Although insecticides are used for the management of this pest, successful management could be compromised by prevailing envi…

Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Walnut (Juglans regia L.) by using Organic Amendments

Nadia Saeed, Mian Sayed Khan, Habib Ahmad, Muhammad Abdullah, Muzafar Shah

Walnut trees infested with plant parasitic nematodes were treated with different organic amendments pigeon manure, horse dung, cow dung, duck manure and castor oil cakes at the rate of 8 Kg/tree and saw dust at the rate of 10kg/tree, respectively. Untreated tr…

Effect of AlCl3 Mediated Toxicity on the Hemato-biochemical Profile of Adult Male Albino Mice

Muhammad Nazar Aftab, Ahmed Ali, Muhammad Asad, Sadia Fatima, Furhan Iqbal

The aim of this study was to report the effects of AlCl3 mediated toxicity on the hematobiochemical profile of male albino mice. Eight week old male albino mice were used as experimental animals and were divided into two groups. First group was treated with 80…

A Report on the Multivariable Sites of the Mitochondrial Genome of a Bamboo Rat, Rhizomys pruinosus from Wenzhou, China

Yijiang Liu, Kun Li, Hui Zhang, Khalid Mehmood, Muhammad Shahzad, Houqiang Luo et al.

The sequencing of the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the pet bamboo rat Rhizomys pruinosus, which had a problem in standing and walking in a Bamboo farm in Wenzhou, China was carried out, using its tibia. The mt genome (16,579 bp) is composed of 13 prot…

Salvia Miltiorrhiza Reinstates Growth Plate Width, Reduces Liver Oxidative Stress and Toxicity in Avian Tibial Dyschondroplasia

Fazul Nabi, Hui Zhang, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal, Mujeeb ur Rehman, Muhammad Shahzad, Khalid Mehmood et al.

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is skeletal abnormality in rapidly growing birds causing carcass downgrading and severe welfare problems.Present study was aimed to determine specificity of salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on growth plate width, liver oxidative stress and…

Determination of Heavy Metals in Various Tissues of Locally Reared (Baladi) Chicken in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia: Assessment of Potential Health Risks

Mohammed Al Bratty, Hassan A. Alhazmi, Somaya Jadoh Ogdi, Jana Ahmad Otaif, Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab, Mohammad Firoz Alam3 andSadique Akhtar Javed

Consumption of foodstuffs is considered to be one of the major routes of metal exposure to human population. In the present study, concentration levels of seven heavy metals were measured in different body parts of Baladi chicken from Jazan region, Saudi Arabi…

Effect of Organic Acid Blend on Carcass Yield, Nutrient Digestibility and Tibia Ash during Starter Phase of Broiler Chicks

Asad Sultan, Shahroom Khan, Sarzamin Khan, Naila Chand, Muhammad Shuaib Khan, Hamza Maris

A total of 180 broiler was supplemented with organic acid (OA) at the rate of 0, (OA-0), 0.5 (OA-0.5), 1 (OA-1), 1.5 (OA-1.5) and 2 ml/l (OA-2) in drinking water during the starter period for 21 days. Feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) lower and weight…

Investigation on Autolytic Processes and Microstructural Changes in Red Deer Meat

Leila A. Kaimbayeva, Elena S. Malysheva, Rashit Kazikhanov, Saule R. Kazikhanova

This study was designed to evaluate markers of autolysis and to effectively assess the optimal maturity of red deer meat before trading, and utilization in the production of meat products. For these purposes, meat samples were collected from quadriceps of 2.5-…

Hexaprotodon (Mammalia: Hippopotamidae) from the Pinjor Formation of Bhimber, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

Muhammad Akbar Khan

The Siwalik Plio-Pleistocene faunas are characterized by the sporadic presence of a hippopotamid taxon, referred to the genus Hexaprotodon and the species Hex. sivalensis. Due to rarity of this taxon, its morphological characters are incompletely known. Hippop…

The Bitter Taste Receptor Genes of the Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

Shuai Shang, Honghai Zhang, Xiaoyang Wu, Qinguo Wei, Jun Chen, Huanxin Zhang et al.

Mammals have five basic tastes, including sweet, bitter, umami, sour and salty. Among these tastes, the bitter sense is believed to help animals identify poisonous compounds. Bitter taste receptors coded by bitter taste receptor (Tas2r) genes has been identifi…

Sugar Press Mud as a Proposed Futuristic Aqua-fertilizer - Multi-Elemental Quantitative Characterization by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES)

Kashifa Naghma Waheed, Zaid Mehmood, Sikender Hayat

In this research, characterization of press mud, a by-product of sugar industry in respect of its multi-elemental availability was taken into consideration to check its feasibility as an aqua-fertilizer. Eighteen elements including essential macro-elements, es…

Evaluation of Toxicity of Ethanolic Extracts of Piper guineense and Capsicum annum on Dermestid Beetle, Demestes maculatus (DeGeer 1774), a Pest on Dried Catfish, Clarias gariepinus

Felicia NkechiEkeh, Ifeanyi Oscar Ndimkaoha Aguzie, Joy Ihuoma Nzei, Chinenye Maria-Goretti Ohanu, Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu, ChukwudiebubeUgolo

The effectiveness of Piper guineense and Capsicum annum in prevention of Dermestes maculatus infestation on sundried catfish, Clarias gariepinus was studied. Ethanolic extracts of P. guineense and C. annum fruits were prepared using Soxhlet extractor. In a spl…

Biochemical Attributes of Amniotic Fluid during Fetal Growth Stage of Successful Pregnancy in Rabbits

Hamayun Khan, Abdul Wahab, Navaid Kazi, Younas Muhammad, Summaya Kazi, Salman Kazi et al.

The aim of this study was to assess biochemical markers of rabbit amniotic fluid during fetal growth stage of successful pregnancy. Experiments were executed on 15 pregnant rabbits at three different time point of successful pregnancy i.e. day 18, day 25 and d…

Hepatitis-C Virus Prevalence in District Shangla and Evaluation of Screening Tests for Anti-HCV

Jehangir Khan, Rasheedullah, Bakht Tarin Khan, Ayaz Ahmad, Muhammad Salman, Khalid Khan

An estimated 11 million Pakistani individuals are infected with hepatitis and the disease is constantly increasing. Every 10th Pakistani is believed to be suffering from viral hepatitis. It is the first study documenting the epidemiology of HCV in District Sha…

Effects of Follicular Fluid on Developmental Competence and Gene Expression of in vitro Fertilized Sheep Embryos

Mousa O. Germoush, Mohsen G. Al-Mutary, Ahmad R. Al-himaidi, Muath G. Al-Ghadi, Daisaku Iwamoto, Yousef Al-anazi et al.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of follicular fluid supplementation on the oocyte in vitro maturation and early embryonic development after in vitro fertilization. Sheep follicular fluid (SFF) was collected from different ovaries and supplemen…

Bird Community Structure of Suranaree University of Technology Campus, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Archana Naithani, Pongthep Suwanwaree, Bartosz Nadolski

Weekly surveys following point count method during November 2016 to April 2017 in the campus of Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima province, resulted in the identification of 94 bird species belonging to 12 orders and 35 families. Altogether…

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Host Biomarkers of Ovine Theileriosis

Naimat Ullah, Aneela Zameer Durrani, Muhammad Avais, Nisar Ahmad, Sana Ullah, Muhammad Shuaib Khan et al.

Theileriosis is a common blood protozoan disease of sheep in tropical and subtropical areas. The current study was designed to inspect the prevalence and its correlation with various risk factors and host biomarkers concerned with the occurrence of theileriosi…

Population Dynamics of Aphids and their Natural Enemies Associated with Strip-Intercropping in Wheat Crop

Muhammad Arshad, Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Sufyan, Zain-ul Abdin, Sumaira Maqsood

Aphids are considered serious pests of many agricultural crops worldwide. The present study was conducted to assess the wheat aphids’ diversity and their predators association with strip intercropping (brassica, alfalfa, berseem and garlic) and wheat mon…

Serological Prevalence of Neospora caninum in Indigenous Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Saudi Arabia

Riyadh S. Aljumaah, Mohammed A. Alshaikh, Abdulrahman Jarelnabi, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman, Mansour F. Hussein

The serological prevalence of Neospora caninum in Saudi Arabian camels was determined using an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All camels tested were clinically normal. Out of 253 camels of either sex, 117 (21.99%) were found to be serologi…

Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed in Garganica Suckling Kids: Effects on Growth Performances and Meat Quality

Pasqua Rotondi, Maria Antonietta Colonna, Giuseppe Marsico, Francesco Giannico, Marco Ragni, Anna Maria Facciolongo

Meat from Garganica kids fed diets containing oregano and linseed was analysed for physical and sensory properties, chemical and fatty acid composition of intramuscular lipids. Twenty-one three-week-old kids were divided into three homogeneous groups (n = 7),…

Characterization of Complete Mitochondrial Genome and Phylogeny of Sepia lycidas (Sepioidea, Sepiidae)

Baoying Guo, Yu Chen, Chuan Zhang, Zhenming Lv, Kaida Xu, Hongling Ping et al.

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the kisslip cuttlefish, Sepia lycidas, made the comparison with the mt genomes of other cuttlefishes, and constructed phylogenetic trees estimating their relationships. The genome was 16,228 bp and contain…

New Bird Records and Bird Diversity of Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China

Nanjing Zeng, Guanhua Liu, Sibiao Wen, Feiyun Tu

Poyang Lake is an important overwintering site for migratory birds in Asia. Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve (PLNNR) is a hot spot for birds inhabiting or overwintering at Poyang Lake. Hitherto, limited checklist of bird species has been available. In…

Studies on Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Zooplankton Communities and Their Diversity Indices at Chashma Lake, Pakistan

Huma Ayub, Iftikhar Ahmad, Syed Lal Shah, Muhammad Zafarullah Bhatti, Nuzhat Shafi, Mazhar Qayyum

The study was conducted to investigate the seasonal and spatial distribution of zooplankton species at Chashma Lake during June 2014 to May 2015. The samples were collected from three partially separated stations of the Chashma Lake on a monthly basis. A total…

A New Species of Laelaps Koch (Acari: Laelapidae) Associated with Red Spiny Rat from Yunnan Province, China

Pei-Ying Peng, Xian-Guo Guo, Dao-Chao Jin

A new species of gamasid mite, Laelaps jinghaensis sp. nov., was described. The new species was collected from the body surface of red spiny rat, Maxomys surifer Miller, 1900 in Jingha, Yunnan province of southwest China. The sternal shield of L. jinghaensissp…

Host Status of Commonly Planted Ornamentals to Meloidogyne incognita and Management through Endophytic Bacteria

Ghulam Muhae-ud-Din, Anam Moosa, Umer Farooq Ghummen, Muhammad Jabran, Amjad Abbas, Muhammad Naveed et al.

Meloidogyne incognita is the most dangerous plant parasitic nematode species that infects a huge number of crop plants. It also infects the ornamental plants resulting in a serious growth-limiting factor in ornamentals. In this study, the response of ten ornam…

Soluble Expression of IFNα2-Tα1 Fusion Protein in Escherichia coli by N-terminal SUMO Fusion and its Anti-Proliferative Activity

Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Iram Gull, Zaigham Abbas, Muhammad Amin Athar

Interferon alpha 2 (IFNα-2) is a type of cytokine with both antiviral and anticancer activities. Binding of IFNα-2 to its receptor on cell surface leads to activation of interferon stimulated genes which mediate its anti-proliferative and anti-angi…

Docking of Smaller Ligands in the Heme Pocket of Hell's Gate Globin IV

Farrukh Jamil, Samra Raheel, Haroon Rasheed

HGbIV is unique truncated hemoglobin (tHb) that differs from other bacterial tHbs due to its large size, polar heme pocket residues and large cavity for exogenous ligand in the heme pocket. The crystal structures of HGbIV showed that its heme pocket can accomm…

Therapeutic Effects of Curcuma longa against Rotenone-Induced Gross Motor Skill Deficits in Rats

Syeda Madiha, Zehra Batool, Saiqa Tabassum, Laraib Liaquat, Sadia Sadir, Tahira Perveen et al.

Rotenone (pesticide and mitochondrial complex I inhibitor) has been associated to induce toxicity in humans and as well as in animals. The present study evaluated the protective role of curcumin against rotenone-induced motor deficits, biochemical and neuroche…

The Influence of Intravenous Lipopolysaccharide Injection on TLR4 Transcription Levels in Duck (Anas domestica) Liver, Spleen and Bursa of Fabricius

Jun-Ying Liu, He-He Liu, Jie Kou, Yang-Mei Zhao, Ji-Wen Wang, Liang Li et al.

TLR4 is a member of the toll-like receptor family and can recognize lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main component of gram-negative bacteria. To investigate how TLR4 responds to LPS, the TLR4 transcription levels in duck liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were…

Characterization of Dual and Homeostatic Chemokine Expression and Response to Bacterial Infection in Large Yellow Croaker, Larimichthys crocea

Jiji Li, Tianyang Zu, Xiangli Dong, Xiao Yang, Wei Liu, Changwen Wu

Chemokines are cytokines which can induce leukocyte activation and migration that are secreted as a part of an immune reponse. However, while the role of chemokines has been described extensively in mammals, little is known regarding such immune responses in f…

Deltamethrin Induced Changes in the Activities of Various Esterases in Deltamethrin-Resistant Populations of Trogoderma granarium

Ambrina Hafiz, Tanzeela Riaz, Farah Rauf Shakoori

The present study was aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of deltamethrin on the level of various esterases in deltamethrin-resistant populations of Trogoderma granarium collected from some godowns of Punjab. The level of various esterases like total esterases…

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolates from Mastitic Milk and its Possible Relationship with Resistance and Virulence Genes

Aqeela Ashraf, Muhammad Imran, Yung-Fu Chang

Mastitis caused by Escherichia coli is a notable threat to dairy industry due to its high genetic variability, enormous number of environmental sources and increased resistance to antibiotics. The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistan…

New Cervid (Artiodactyla) Fossils from Middle Siwaliks of Pakistan

Muhammad Adeeb Babar, Sayyad Ghyour Abbas, Muhammad Akbar Khan, Kiran Aftab, Muhammad Hanif, Muhammad Asim et al.

New dental material of cervids from Middle Siwalik deposits of Potwar Plateau, Pakistan has been described. The remains are recovered from the outcrops, situating in three districts of Punjab, namely Kaulial Kas in Attock district, Dhok Pathan in Chakwal distr…

Nest Usurpation between Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata and Coexisting Bird Species in Nest Boxes in a Secondary Forest, Zuojia Nature Reserve, China

Ye Gong, Nehafta Bibi, Haitao Wang

While using artificial nest boxes to protect Mandarin duck Aix galericulata in a secondary forest in Northeast China, we found mixed clutches that contained eggs of Mandarin duck and other species over 11 breeding seasons (2004 - 2014). We monitored the freque…

Bat Fauna of Genus Pipistrellus from Wheat-Rice based Agro-Ecosystem of Punjab, Pakistan

Muhammad Shahbaz, Muhammad Anwar Iqbal, Arshad Javid, Abu ul Hassan Faiz, Irfan, Muhammad Irshad Arshad

Three rice producing districts viz. Gujranwala, Hafizabad and Mandi Bhauddinin, Pakistan were surveyed to explore bat fauna of genus Pipistrellus in central Punjab from January 2015 to December 2016. A total of 172 specimens of genus Pipistrellus belonging to…

Management of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in Tomato with Two Trichoderma Species

Tariq Mukhtar

In the present studies comparative effectiveness of two antagonistic fungi viz. Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride were evaluated against Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. The application of T. harzianum and T. viride significantly increased shoot weight and d…

Prevalence of Foodborne Pathogens in Food Items in Quetta, Pakistan

Abdul Samad, Ferhat Abbas, Zafar Ahmad, Olena Pokryrshko, Tauseef M Asmat

Foodborne pathogens pose a great health risk globally. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of deadly food contaminants like Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni and E. coli (O157:H7) in various types of food items consum…

Table of Contents

Habitat Evaluation for Reintroduced Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve, China, Based on a Maximum Entropy Model

Liumeng Zheng, Yanmei Wang, Jiagui Zhu, Ke Wang, Dejing Cai, Yuanzhao Qin et al.

Crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) is globally endangered due to habitat loss and destruction. In 2007, a reintroduction project was implemented in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve, Henan Province, and 78 crested ibises were released between 2013 and 2015, with th…

Effects of Tannic Acid Food on Energy Metabolism in Male Eothenomys miletus

Mei Li, Di Zhang, Wan-Long Zhu

Plant secondary metabolites affect the survival, reproduction, and distribution of herbivores. In order to test the effects of plant secondary metabolite on energy metabolism and thermogenesis, changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonshivering thermogenesi…

Impact of λ-Cyhalothrin on Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes and Macromolecules of a Stored Grain Pest, Trogoderma granarium

Farah Rauf Shakoori, Anum Feroz, Ayesha Gondal, Sahar Akram, Tanzeela Riaz

The present study was aimed to evaluate the biochemical effects of λ-cyhalothrin on carbohydrate metabolism and macromolecular concentrations of 4th and 6th instar larvae of a stored product pest, Trogoderma granarium. The LC50 values of λ-cyhalo…

Study on Accuracy and Efficiency of Molecular Diagnostic Techniques used for Tuberculosis and Analysis of Associated Risk Factors for Tuberculosis in Jail Inmates of Quetta, Pakistan

Niamatullah Kakar, Farhat Abbas, Muhammad Shafee, Tauseef Asmat

Tuberculosis (TB) is airborne infectious disease and poses a great threat to public health. Precisely and timely detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is prerequisite for the successful treatment of TB. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of tub…

Development and Characterization of Twenty-Three Novel Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for Mussel, Mytilus coruscus

Zeqin Fu, Yunfang Tian, Yingying Ye, Pengzhi Qi, Changwen Wu

Mytilus coruscus is one of the main mussel species in China, with a widely range of aquaculture markets and importantly economic value. In this study, we used one hundred and twenty primers pairs to screen all microsatellite loci and twenty-three polymorphic l…

In-vitro Growth Inhibition and Biofilm Dispersion of Caries causing Streptococcus mutans by the Natural Extracts of Soil Streptomyces

Ayesha Munir, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Anjum Nasim Sabri, Imran Sajid

Dental caries is a significant infectious disease of human being caused by multispecies of bacteria. Among the causative agents of dental caries, notable one is Streptococcus mutans, which is an obligate parasite. In this study eleven S. mutans strains were is…

Effect of Selected Variables Identified by Mars on Fattening Final Live Weight of Crossbred Beef Cattle in Eastern Turkey

Yakup Erdal Erturk, Adem Aksoy, Mohammad Masood Tariq

The main aim of the present work was to determine potential factors that influence average fattening final live weight (AFFLW) per enterprise for crossbred cattle reared in beef cattle enterprises in North East Anatolia region (comprising Erzurum, Igdir, Kars…

Spatial Field Survey of Cotton Whitefly and its Pupal Parasitism in Relation to Temperature and Humidity in Southern Pakistan

Farhan Ahmad, Muhammad Waris Sanjrani, Shah Nawaz Khuhro, Asif Sajjad, Abid Ali, Rashad Rasool Khan et al.

Among abiotic factors, temperature and relative humidity are important factors for higher cotton yields in all cotton growing regions. Cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci G.) being vector of CLCuV in Pakistani cotton crop is responsible to cause an economic damage…

Effects of Eyestalk Ablation on Feeding, Gonad Development, and Energy Conversion of Penaeus monodon Broodstock

Song Jiang, Fa-lin Zhou, Jian-hua Huang, Qi-bin Yang, Li-shi Yang, Shi-gui Jiang

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of eyestalk ablation on feeding, gonad development, and energy conversion of Penaeus monodon broodstock. An experiment of 30 days was carried out on broodstock (average body length 28.4 ± 0.95 cm, average…

Prevalence of Avian influenza H9N2 Virus among Wild and Domesticated Bird Species across Pakistan

Amna Kausar, Sana Anwar, Naila Siddique, Safia Ahmed, Javid Iqbal Dasti

Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes (AIV H9, AIV H7 and AIV H5) in non-vaccinated wild and domesticated bird species across Pakistan. During January-December 2013, in total 700 samples were collected from d…

Monitoring Susceptibility to Spinosad in Three Major Stored-Product Insect Species from Punjab, Pakistan

Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan, Waseem Akram, Sumi Lee, Shakir Manzoor, Syed Rajab Ayub, Khalil Ur Rehman et al.

Spinosad, a reduced risk environment friendly insecticide, is increasingly being used as a grain protectant in different countries. Geographical variation in susceptibility to spinosad in stored grain insect pests has been reported worldwide; however, there is…

Gene Expression in Escherichia coli and Purification of Recombinant Type II Pullulanase from a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon, Pyrobaculum calidifontis

Habib-ur-Rehman, Masood Ahmed Siddiqui, Abdul Qayyum, Arifa Bano, Naeem Rashid

Type II pullulanase also known as amylopullulanase hydrolyzes α-1,6 glycosidic bonds in pullulan and α-1,6 as well as α-1,4 glycosidic bonds in starch. Most of the previously reported type II pullulanases are metal ion dependent and hard to p…

Effect of Prey Density and Insecticides on Prey Consumption by Cyrtophora citricola (Araneae: Araneidae)

Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar, Hummaira Iqbal, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, Haseena Ghulam Muhammad, Muhammad Irfan

In the present study effects of prey density and sub-lethal doses of two commonly used insecticides i.e., bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos, on the consumption rate of web weaving spider Cyrtophora citricola, was observed. Live spiders for the study were collected f…

Nest-Site Characteristics of the Brown-Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon mantchuricum in Huanglong Mountains, Shaanxi Province, China

Hongqun Li, Xiaoli Liu, Zhenmin Lian, RenheWang, Yongbin Wang, Yongyao Fu1 andDingyi Wang

Nest-site characteristics are essential for the survival rate of avian nests. We monitored nesting attempts of the “Vulnerable” brown-eared pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) to compare microhabitat characteristics of successful and unsuccessful…

Separation of Bacterial Contaminations in Aqueous Systems by Directional Freezing

Muhammad Waheed Mushtaq, Jamil Anwar, Omara Naeem, Farah Kanwal, Waheed-uz-Zaman

Directional freezing was applied horizontally as well as vertically for separation of bacterial contamination in aqueous systems. After complete freezing, the samples were collected from various sections of the frozen mass and bacterial colonies were counted a…

Incidence of Human Plasmodiasis in Northern and Southern Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Muhammad Asim Khan, Shahid Niaz Khan, Sanaullah Khan, Abdul Jabbar Khan, Muhammad Adnan, Nawab Ali et al.

Total 3968 blood films were prepared from various age groups ranging from below 1 year up to above 50 years during the months of June 2010 to June 2012, residing in Northern (Peshawar, Mardan, Charsaddah, Sawabi, Nowshehra) and Southern (Bannu, Lakki, Karrak,…

Effect of supplementation of Oregano (Origanum onites) Dried Leaves on the Intestinal Properties in Japanese Quails

Abdur Rahman, Ibrahim Sadi Cetingul, Ismail Bayram, Cangir Uyarlar, Abdil Burhaneddin Akkaya, Eyup Eren Gultepe et al.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of Oregano dried leaves in the quail diet on the intestinal properties and gut morphology. Quails fed diets containing 0% (A), 1% (B), 2% (C), 3% (D), 4% (E) and 5% (F) dried ground Oregano leav…