The etiology and the molecular mechanisms related to breast carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. Some reports have examined the role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in breast cancer.Fifty four fresh frozen breast cancers samples were analyzed. Samples were tested for HPV by PCR, and products were sequenced. Findings were correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics.The HPV DNA prevalence in the breast cancer samples was 28 % (15/54). Sequence analysis in a subgroup of cases indicates the prevalence of high risk HPV16. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the presence of HPV in Egypt in a proportion of the malignant breast tissues. This finding suggests that HPV may have a biological significance in breast carcinogenesis.