Ligia Neves Scuarcialupi, Laila Andreia Rodrigues Beserra, Julia Rosas Hochheim, Rodrigo Martins Soares, Fabio Gregori*
...tected in laying hen, in coinfection with RVF. This data contributes to a better understanding of rotavirus distribution in Brazil.
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Farheen Shafique1, Shaukat Ali2,*, Saiqa Andleeb1, Abdul Rauf1,3, Syed Ayaz Kazmi1,3, Sadia Idrees4, Faisal Farooq1,3, Faiq Nawaz Khan3,4, Muhammad Saad-ul-Hassan1,3, Raja Awais Mumtaz1,3, Saba Khalid1, Zaheem Ashraf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2 and Fazal-ur-Rehman5
...nitial screening with no coinfection of both diseases. Out of 25 total infected individuals, 05(1.6%) were found HBsAg positive and 20(6.6%) were found anti-HCV positive. All the ICT positive individuals were further confirmed by quantitative Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and 23(7.6%) individuals were confirmed for both hepatitis B and C including 05(1.6%) HBsAg positive as well as 18(5.9%) anti-HCV antibody positive individuals. We can conclude th...
Amjad Ali Channa1, Mansoor Tariq1*, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro2
...H5 (0.31%). However, the coinfections of H7/H9 (0.73%) was higher than H5/H9 (0.21%) and H5/H7/H9 (0.21%). In conclusion, the H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza viruses are circulating in broilers of Karachi, Pakistan; moreover, the prevalence of H9 virus and the H7/H9 coinfections are common than other subtypes of AIV.
Keywords | Avian influenza, Prevalence, Coinfections, Broilers, K...
Ahmad Shahzaib1*, Tabish Raza2 and Aisha Areej2
...es of COVID-19 alone and coinfections, particularly when it comes to CS. Current clinical use of immunosuppressive therapies, including cytokine blockade, JAK, and IL-6 inhibition in severely ill COVID-19 patients, is associated with increased secondary infections. Therefore, the current review aims to collect literature on the incidence of COVID-19 co-infections and immune-inflammatory responses to such infections. A better understanding of immune-inflammator...
Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo1, Monday Eneojo Akor1, Cornelius Arome Omatola1*, Zainab Penninah Ochada1, Ugbane Eleojo Okolo2, Benjamin Mudi Idache3, Andrew Isiramen4, Julius Akor Omatola5 and Moses Adaji David6
