Shahid Ali, Munir Khan
...fficiency levels and its determinants. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) technique was applied to estimate stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas production function to ascertain the level of technical efficiency. The econometric computer software STATA was applied for the estimation. The estimated value of technical efficiency ranges from 34 to 88 per cent for the farms in the sample, with an average of 62 per cent. This means that if the average farmer in the sa...
Hu Zenglei1 and Xiufan Liu1, 2*
...NDV) is one of the major determinants for the clinicopathological manifestations in infected hosts. Recent studies showed that the host innate immune responses to infection play important role in the pathologenesis of NDV, and correlate with the severity of the clinical disease. Virulent strains of different genotypes induce distinct pathological manifestations in chicken organs, especially in lymphoid tissues. Genotype VIId of NDV, which is currently endemic ...
Koksal Karadas1, Muhammad Tariq2, Mohammad Masood Tariq3* and Ecevit Eyduran4
...it is recommendable that determinant factors such as age, number of milking and lactation length on lactation milk yield should be considered on the basis of the powerful algorithm giving high predictive power.
...
Hina Fatima, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Mahreen Zaid-Ullah, Abdul-Jabbar, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai
...are the most influential determinants of the technical efficiency in both NonBT and BT- cotton farms. Extension of cotton production required the development of cottonseed that will be suitable for environmental conditions of Pakistan....
John Gachohi, Simon Karanja, Salome Wanyoike, Nduhiu Gitahi, Salome Bukachi, Kenneth Ngure
...fection and transmission determinants for urban Leptospirosis in developing countries. This study aims to source dynamic ecological and epidemiological field parameters to describe a slum household-based pathogenic Leptospira population dynamics simulation model. The model will be analyzed to assess the role of slum-based biotic (human and animal) and abiotic (soil, water and weather) habitats in Leptospira propagation. Influential habitats would serve as key ...
Amjad Islam Aqib1, Muhammad Ijaz1,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Riaz Hussain3, Saba Sana2, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Kashif Hussain1 and Syed Saleem Ahmad1
...n the area. Risk factors determinants were found significantly (P<0.05) associated with mastitis occurrence except frequency of milking per day. Antibiogram of Staph. aureus indicated very strong resistance to oxacillin, ticarcillin, ampicilline, amoxicillin, azlocine, chloramphenicol, mupirocin, vancomycin, cefixinme, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime. In contrast to this sulphaphenazole, gentamicin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin were highly sensitive. Piper...
Warda Fatima1 , Shahida Hasnain1 , Saqib Mahmood2
...ty was another important determinant studied and was identified that three of four offsprings of cousin marriage were schizophrenic. It was concluded from the present study that along with inherited nature of schizophrenia importance of shared environment cannot be ruled out. There is an urgent need to educate general population about the consequences of disorder so that people take it cautiously and it may treated early and its bad consequences be reduced.
Malak Atiq Ullah Khan* and Fida Mohammad
Sajida Taj*, Akhter Ali*, Nadeem Akmal*, Shujaat Yaqoob** and Mubarik Ali***
RAISED BED TECHNOLOGY FOR WHEAT CROP IN IRRIGATED AREAS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...esent paper analyzes the determinants of adoption of raised bed planting of wheat in irrigated areas of Punjab, Pakistan. Wheat is an important staple food of Pakistan. It contributes 13 % to the value added in agriculture and 2.6 % to the GDP. The agrarian economy of Pakistan is continuously under stress due to the low yield of almost all the crops and constrained with many problem. One of the most important issues of agriculture is water shortage which is in...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Nouman Badar*
YIELD GAP DETERMINANTS FOR WHEAT PRODUCTION IN MAJOR IRRIGATED CROPPING ZONES OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...nalyze the yield gap and determinants of wheat production in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is based on cross sectional data from 210 farmers for the crop year 2009-10. Results suggest that farm level wheat yields are less than the potential yield level by 33.0%, 43.0% and 50.6% in the mixed-cropping, cotton-wheat and rice-wheat zones of the province, respectively. Ordinary least square regression analysis of wheat production by assuming Cobb-Douglas spec...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
... sugarcane yield and its determinants in study area. The results revealed that per acre net return after subtracting total cost from gross revenue was Rs. 33,173.65/-. Results illustrate that labor days, seed quantity, tractor hours, urea and pesticides have positive significant effect on sugarcane yield. Resource use efficiency analysis shows that marginal value product (MVP) to marginal factor cost (MFC) ratios for labor days, irrigation, urea, FYM and pest...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
... sugarcane yield and its determinants in study area. The results revealed that per acre net return after subtracting total cost from gross revenue was Rs. 33,173.65/-. Results illustrate that labor days, seed quantity, tractor hours, urea and pesticides have positive significant effect on sugarcane yield. Resource use efficiency analysis shows that marginal value product (MVP) to marginal factor cost (MFC) ratios for labor days, irrigation, urea, FYM and pest...
Saima Rani*, Hassnian Shah, Nusrat Habib and Muhammad Azeem Khan
...lamabad in Pakistan. The determinants of willingness to pay of consumers estimated by using the probit model. The model contains the information of socioeconomic characteristics, awareness and preferences of organic vegetables and product attributes. The empirical findings indicate that age, employment status, income, education, number of children, taste, no chemical residual, high nutritional value, freshness and colour of the vegetables have positive effec...
Environmental Determinants of Zooplankton Community in the Damietta Estuary of the Nile River, Egypt
Wael S. El-Tohamy1,*, Russell R. Hopcroft2 and Nagwa E.M. Abdel Aziz3
Jahangir khan* and Abbas Ullah Jan
...ed to identify important determinants of households’ WTP. Results show that 93% of respondents are willing to pay a price premium of PKR. 14. Empirical findings reveal that socio-demographic characteristics like age, education and income have positive significant effects on households’ willingness to pay. Findings of the study also reveal a significant influence of employment status of the household’s head on WTP, whereas household’s si...
Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus1*, Olabode Mayowa Peter2, Muhammad Adamu Abbas3 and Mohammed Dauda Goni4
...cquisition of resistance determinants through horizontal gene transfer. This review focused on the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus. Understanding the concept of resistance development and transfer will immensely help in curtailing the global rise in antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. ...
Junaid Akhtar1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Abdul Waheed1, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed4 and Shah Jahan5,*
...b>carbapenems resistance determinant genes in carbapenems resistant isolates was also evaluated. The carbapenemase and β-lactamases production were evaluated by Modified Hodge test (MHT) and combined disks diffusion (CDD) method, respectively. The MBL producing clinical isolates were further subjected to PCR for the existence of blaIMP and blaVIM genes. The carbapenem resistant A. baumannii (n=32), P.aeruginos...
Nusrat Habib1*, Asim Zubair2 and Aisha Siddiqua3
...ucted to find out to the determinants of sunflower area and yield in districts Swabi and Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during 2016. The study was conducted in two selected districts through purposive sampling for 100 farms in different locations of selected districts. The objective of the study was to estimate determinants of sunflower area and yield in the study area. To determine the role of different factors that were affe...
Muhammad Abu Sufyan Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Ghaffar Ali and Muhammad Fayaz
...>This study examined the determinants of farmland prices in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan), using land transaction records for 2015-16. Results from Hedonic Pricing analysis show that location, environmental and agricultural characteristics of a farmland determine its price. Residential and commercial encroachment on fertile irrigated farmlands at urban fringe is alarming. More than half of the sampled transacted farmland parcels were used for residenti...
Aneel Salman1, Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1, Inayatullah Jan2*, Muhammad Ashfaq2, Mudassar Rashid1 and Usman Shakoor1
...e did not focus on other determinants like education, role of media, and government policies that can affect farmers’ choices to adopt climate resilient farming practices. ...
Amjad Ali1, Abbas Ullah Jan1, Lal Almas2, Noor Piao Khan1 and Khurran Nawaz Saddozai1
...ticides) were considered determinants for cost function. Respondent age, farming experience, education, family size, off-farm income, farm to home distance, tenancy and extension contacts are determinants in allocative inefficiency model. Results of the study revealed that except farmyard manure and pesticides all other explanatory variables are significant influencing factors in total cost of sugarcane production in distric...
Neelum Andaleeb1*, Munir Khan1, Syed Attaullah Shah1 and Rahmat Ullah2
...khtunkhwa to investigate determinants of welfare of livestock farm households with special reference to women’s participation in livestock farming. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect a sample of 274 livestock farm households from six union councils of district Mardan. Data were collected through face to face interviews from female members of the selected livestock farm households in 2015-16. Data were analyzed by ordered logit model to d...
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
...man Approach to find out determinants of food insecurity. Results suggest that female headship plays a significant positive role in caloric intake, among the other variable head education, households’ member with basic education and higher education, live stock ownership, consumption of livestock produced at home, farming, consumption of food crop produced at home and foreign and domestic remittances plays a significant positive role in caloric intake of...
Shumaila Nazeer1, Iqbal Javed1*, Allah Bakhsh2, Mudassar Yasin2, Haroon Javaid3 and Kaniz Fatima1
...d to find the margin and determinants of kinnow exports from Pakistan to international markets of UAE and USA by using the primary data. Primary data is collected through pretested questionnaire from 30 kinnow exporters out of total 40 exporters. Personal interviews were conducted by selecting convenient sampling technique. Along with export margin analysis of both markets, an effort is made to quantify impact of the major determinant<...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Aftab Khan1 and Bakhtawar Riaz2
Mehran Ahmad, Syed Attaullah Shah and Shahid Ali*
...ed out to identify major determinants that influence tomato yield and estimate allocative efficiency of tomato growers in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The study was based on primary data, collected from a sample of 105 tomato growers selected through multistage random sampling procedure. Data was collected through a well-designed interview schedule during January-July, 2018. Cobb-Douglas type production function was used to estim...
Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3
...the predictive antigenic determinants between these vvIBDV isolates and the classic vaccine strain (Bursin plus). These findings could explain the persistence of vvIBDV circulation in the Egyptian environment in spite of vaccination with classical vaccine strains. ...
Jahangir Khan1*, Abbasullah Jan1, Kar Ho Lim2, Syed Attaullah Shah1*, Aditya R Khanal2 and Ghaffar Ali1
... income were significant determinants of their WTP. In addition, health concern and environment concern of pesticides use also influence the WTP. Findings from this study help in assessing the market potential for pesticides-free fruits in Pakistan ...
Muhammad Israr* and Noor Khan
...C was the most important determinant of improved wheat seed technology adoption. Head’s education level was the other important determinant with a positive significant effect on adoption of improved seed technology. The study recommends awareness program for encouraging farmers to register in FSC. The provision of free public education facility and agricultural extension services over modern agricultural technologies c...
Muhammad Akbar Ali Shah1, Gamze Özel2, Christophe Chesneau3, Muhammad Mohsin4, Farrukh Jamal5* and Muhammad Faheem Bhatti6
...earch is to discover the determinants of the rice production of Pakistan to improve the production and fulfill the increasing demand. The study conducted in district Lodhran (Punjab province) and 31 villages selected as samples randomly. Time series data collected from Crop Reporting Service (CRS) for the period of last 10 years (2005-2014) containing 516 cases and 14,964 observations. Two different multiple linear regression (MLR) models are applied to study ...
Asif Yaseen1, Muhammad Israr2*, Allah Bux Khan1, Ahsan Javed3, Nafees Ahmad4 and Zia Ullah5
...sues are the significant determinants of farmers’ reliance on high value marketing channels. To this end, policy makers need to give due consideration to certain exogenous factors such as price expectation, delay of payment, trust in buyer, price fluctuation, and provision of farm services. ...
Ahsan Numan1,4, Khadija Irfan Khawaja2, Abdul Basit Qureshi3, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf4, Imtiaz Rabbani4, Hafsa Zaneb5 and Habib Rehman4*
...arious serum biochemical determinants. Prevalence of DSP was found to be 31.48% when 2,290 diabetes mellitus Type-2 subjects were screened. The patients with DSP were older (p < 0.05), had longer duration of DMT2 (p<0.01), elevated systolic blood pressure (p<0.05), blood sugar (p < 0.05), HbA1c (p<0.001), cholesterol (p<0.01), LDL (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.05) and more obese (p<0.01) when compared with the diabetic pat...
Umar Hayat1, Khalid Khan2, Saima Liaqat3 and Guo Xiangyu4*
...on. This study evaluated determinants of rice production in the district Nasirabad, Balochistan by employing Neo-Classical and Cobb-Douglas production functions. The findings of the study show that education, fertilizers, rent, training and total area under the rice crop (wetland), labor, capital, availability of input, and rice prices are the key components that leave a positive and noteworthy impact on rice production in the District. Nevertheless, physical ...
Khalid Khan* and Guo Xiangyu
Ghulam Akbar1*, Muhammad Anjum Zia1, Ali Ahmad2, Neha Arooj1 and Shahneela Nusrat1
Iqbal Javed1, Abdur Rehman2*, Iftikhar Nabi3, Amar Razzaq4, Raheel Saqib5, Allah Bakhsh6, Muhammad Mohibullah7 and Muhammad Luqman8
Khalid Khan1, Marguerite Wotto2, Saima Liaqat3, Gulawar Khan1, Balach Rasheed1, Sara Rafiq4 and Guo Xiangyu5*
... in the district and its determinants. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from one hundred tomato growers. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selection of the farmers. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to estimate the technical efficiency and performance of the farmers. The study results disclosed that all explanatory variables have a positive impact on the farmers’ technical efficiency apart from pestici...
Salman Khan, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali and Murtaza
...ified and analyzed major determinants of potato yield in district Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A three-stage random sampling technique was used to collect data from 100 respondents during 2018. A Cobb-Douglas type production function was used to approximate effect of determinants on potato yield. Major shares of the input cost per acre incurred in the study area were seed (Rs. 18720), followed by land rent (Rs.15890...
Kemi F. Omotesho*, Adedamola V. Adetayo, Adeniyi F. Akinrinde and Deborah A. Olabode
Challenges to the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations: The Case of Yam Minisett Technology in Kwara State, Nigeria
... farmers in its use. The determinants of farmers’ adoption were also investigated. A four-stage sampling procedure was used to select 205 respondents on whom an interview schedule was administered. Descriptive statistics, Probit Regression Analysis and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation, were used to analyse data. Result reveals that the farmers were mostly males (71.2%), middle-aged (50.7years,) with an average of 28 years of farming experience....
Fazli Rabbi1*, Muhammad Idrees2, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Zamin3 and Hazrat Bilal4
Farmers Perceptions and Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Peach (Prunus persica L.) Production and Marketing
...s level is a significant determinant of the adoption of the ICTs for farming and peach (P. persica L.) marketing. Farmers who perceive ICTs to be more useful, they are more likely to adopt ICTs for peach (P. persica L.) farming and marketing. It is concluded that ICTs have influenced the farmers’ farming practices and their access to information and market accessibility. It is recommended that the government shall devise strategies for provision of ICTs....
Murtaza, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah, Mehran Ahmad, Irfan Ullah and Jahangir Khan
Adoption of Hybrid Maize Technology in District Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...ntification of the major determinants of adoption of hybrid maize technology in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A sample of 255 respondents in the study area was randomly chosen using a multistage random sampling technique. The logit model was used to measure the probability of adoption of hybrid maize technology. The estimated results of the model revealed that younger farmers were comparatively more adoptive of the hybrid maize technology. E...
Yasir Arafat1*, Syeda Nabahat2, Hafiz Ullah3, Afaq Ali Muluk4 and Azra5
An Analysis of Energy Supply and Oil Price Shocks on Agricultural Productivity of Pakistan
...xplanatory variables and determinants of agricultural productivity in Pakistan. The study uses Autoregressive Distribution Lag model (ARDL) to measure the correlation between dependent and independent variables. In order to know the stationarity of variables, unit root test is used by employing Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. It is found that energy supply and foreign direct investment affect agricultural productivity positively and significantly while oil...
Shahzad Khan*, Munir Khan, Inayatullah Jan, Mahfooz Khan and Fida Muhammad Khan
Determinants of Sugarcane Yield in District Charsadda, Pakistan
...lysis and to investigate determinants of sugarcane crop in district Charsadda in the year 2018. Three villages viz. Kamran Kalay, Aspandehri, and Sarfaraz Kalay were selected purposively. Primary data were collected with face to face interview method from 41 randomly selected sugarcane growers through structured questionnaire. The selection of farmers was based on proportional allocation technique in the selected villages. For data analysis, profit margin, gro...
Muhammad Abdullah1, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai1, Jahangir Khan1*, Mohammad Fayaz1, Irfan Ullah1* and Sabeeh Ullah2
Analysis of Agricultural Land Price Determinants and Policy Implications for Controlling Residential and Commercial Encroachments: Facts from District Swabi (Pakistan)
...s and identify important determinants of their prices in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For this purpose, a sample of 79 land parcels, having transaction record for the year 2015-2017, was selected from 10 randomly chosen villages. Data were collected on their prices and their physical, agricultural and location characteristics. Descriptive statistical tools were used to summarize data on agricultural land characteristics. A linear Hedonic Pricing Model...
Sanaullah1*, Abdul Basit2 and Inayat Ullah3
Challenges and Prospects of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan: A Case Study of Rural Farmers in District Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...) positive effect of key determinants including; income source (0.008), farm size (0.001), farming experience (0.004), extension visits (0.009), access to credit (0.002) and access to agricultural machines (0.006) on farm mechanization adoption. The study emphasized that government may make agricultural mechanization and farming resources available and reachable to the farmers in order to persuade farmers in using them to maximize production, arrange awareness...
Muhammad Tariq Chaudhary1, Saleem Ashraf 2, Muhammad Yaseen3 and Muhammad Luqman3
...0.05) were the prominent determinants of their employability. Study concludes that educational activities and co-curricular activities were equally important for the successful academic performance and earning an employability. Study stresses to streamline extracurricular activities at institutes level and conductance of inter and intra institutes competitions to bring positive change in behavior of students to pave the way towards success.
...
Sana* and Abbas Ullah Jan
...negatively affecting the determinants of child involvement in agriculture.The study recommended forceful control of child labour in agriculture and ensuring their access to free education through an increasing number of government schools in rural areas. Traditional agriculture is labourintensive, provision of interest-free formal credit for the adoption of modern technolog...
Chaogang Yao, Daxin Pang, Chao Lu, Aishi Xu, Peixuan Huang, Hongsheng Ouyang* and Hao Yu*
... has become an important determinant of meat quality for raisers and consumers in modern society. The objective of this work was to investigate the roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and fatty acid metabolism signaling pathways in determining the IMF contentin the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of pigs. The expression profile of candidate genes involved in the PPAR and fatty acid metabolism signaling pathways were detected in the LD ...
Iftikhar Alam1, Atta Ulllah Jan1, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*
...: undernutrition and its determinants, factors and nutritional determinants of low birth weight (LBW), and factors and nutritional determinants of stunting and wasting. These priorities should direct future research activities in the field and be reflected in research policies of the country. We recommend larger research studies also including more diverse experts’ opinion.
...
Suman Bhattarai1*, Subodh Raj Pandey2, Jaya Prakash Dutta3, Meghnath Timalsena4 and Rajendra Bam5
... 2019 to investigate the determinants and resource use efficiency of honey production at Chitwan, Nepal. The information was primarily collected through 60 Apis mellifera beekeepers registered in bee zone, Chitwan. They were selected for interview by simple random sampling technique. Interview using semi-structured questionnaire schedule was carried out for primary data. Cobb Douglas production function, multiple regression, and paired t-test were used for the...
Wajid Habib1, Saira Rasul2* and Hafiza Sadaf Zahra3
... the volatility of price determinants in Pakistan. The aim of this study is to investigate the causes of agriculture commodities and food products in Pakistan for selected commodities data ranging from June 1983 to June 2018. Data were collected from different sources including IMF (International Monetary Fund), World Bank, IFS (International Financial Statistics) as well as SBP (State Bank of Pakistan). The GARCH (1, 1) models was used to estimate all variabl...
Summara Abbasi* and Khalid Nawab
Muhammad Qaddafi Khan Wali, Arif Alam* and Ikram Shah
Shahzad Khan1*, Munir Khan1, Arif Alam2, Ikram Shah2, Mahfooz Khan1 and Fida Muhammad Khan1
...sis and to elaborate the determinants of wheat crop in district Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in the year 2018. Three villages, namely, Aspandehri, Kamran Kalay and Sarfaraz Kalay, were purposively selected. A sample size of 41 wheat growers from farm households was chosen from these villages for data collection. Thus, selection of the farmers was based on the proportional allocation technique. However, primary data were randomly collected through fa...
Malik Muhammad Shafi, Rabia Habib and Haidar Ali*
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza1, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2, Aftab Khan3, Hamdullah1 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...attempted to investigate determinants of rice yield in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A random sample of 275 rice growers was selected from district Swabi, using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for collection of data from rice growers. Through Cobb-Douglas type production function (CDPF) data was analyzed. Results indicated that 1 percent increase in labor hours and urea increased yield by 0.411% and 0.231...
Yaregal Tilahun1*, Benyam Tadesse1, Getachew Mekonnen2 and Tilahun Bekele3
...enecks, and identify the determinant of tea productivity and inefficiency through Cobb Douglas and stochastic frontier model. Data from a primary and secondary source of information were used from 135 tea out-growers. Based on the results, year 2017-018 has been used as production/base year. However, the productivity of tea in the 2020 production year is increased by 41.8% as the coverage of land for tea becomes increased by 53.6%. Lack of skill and know...
Nawab Khan1, Ram L. Ray2, Muhammad Ihtisham3*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui4*, Muhammad Khayyam5, Raheel Anjum6 and Simplice A. Asongu7
...ermine the socioeconomic determinants of the awareness and adoption of apple production practices in 2019. This study selected Ziarat district to investigate socioeconomic determinants of the awareness and adoption of apple production because it is located in the center of the high apple-growing districts in northern Balochistan. A sample of 120 respondents was selected through multi-stage-random sampling from two tehsils (S...
Mohamed S. Hussein1*, Hanan A. Fahmy2, Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab3
...oroquinolones resistance determinants in E. coli from apparently healthy broilers in this study could pose a serious public health hazard, which highlights the need for effective monitoring and surveillance programs and cooperation between the sectors related to the epidemiology of these determinants.
Keywords | Antimicrobial resistance, Broiler chickens, Commensals, Escherichia coli, Fluoroquinolones
...
Seble Mulugeta1 and Amenu Leta2*
Shumaila Nazir1, Iqbal Javed1, Muhammad Luqman2* and Azra3
...timate the macroeconomic determinants of Mandarin (Kinnow) export from Pakistan. In this study, the dynamic panel data of 29 importing countries for the period of 2005 to 2018 was estimated by GMM (Generalized Method of Moment) model. The variables of total exports of Kinnow, domestic prices, population of importing countries, domestic exchange rate, exchange rate of importing countries, domestic production, and distance between trading partners were used to e...
Samah Samir, Amal Awad*, Gamal Younis
Mona M. Osman1, Kamelia M. Osman2, Manal Abu Elmakarem Mohamed1, Mahmoud E. Hashad2, Jeeser Alves Almeida3, Alaa Saad4, Octavio Luiz Franco5,6, Heba N. Deif 2*
... two potential virulence determinants viz H2S production and catalase activity, for their possible roles in biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance and hemolytic activity of M. ovipneumoniae. The recovered sheep isolates of M. arginini and M. ovipneumoniae were examined bacteriologically and by PCR using Mycoplasma species-specific primers. MIC testing of the axenic isolates showed that 19 of them were 100% susceptible to tulathromycin, streptomycin, oxytetra...
Ibrarul-Haq* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
Mohamed Lebdah1, Sahar Abd El Rahman2*, Ahmed Attia3, Reham Karam2, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1, Mohamed Ibrahim El Bagoury1
...F117 motif, which is the determinant part of virus virulence. The sequenced isolate was grouped in class II genotype VII.1.1 with small distance from NDV strains in chickens and turkeys which is alarming for the potential transmission of NDVs from quails to other poultry species.
Keywords | Newcastle disease, Quails, RT-PCR, F gene, Pathological changes, Class II genotype VII.1.1
...
Oluwaseun Adetarami1*, Oluwatoyin Olagunju2, Babatunde Adebayo Oyebamiji1, Adegboyega Abel Odeyemi3 and Sina Basil Johnson4
... annual income are major determinants influencing the utilization of FBS approach. The study concluded that the utilization of FBS approach by smallholder cocoa farmers contributes substantially to the profitability of cocoa business. It is, therefore, recommended that effective general extension services should be extended to the study area to intensify the use of FBS introduced innovative skills by farmers for cocoa production. ...
Khalid Khan1*, Ahmed Farhan Saeed2, Sanam Wagma Khattak3 and Saima Liaqat4
...y has underlined the key determinants of adoption of improved poultry practices and technology in the poultry industry of district Lasbela, Balochistan; Pakistan. A multistage random sampling method was adopted to select the samples of 75 farmers from five tehsils of Lasbela namely Hub, Gadani, Uthal, Dureji, and Bela. Around 15 farmers were randomly selected and questioned in each of the tehsil. To achieve the objectives of study nonparametric correlation coe...
Eman M. Aboelela1, Mohamed A. Sobieh2, Eman M. Abouelhassan3, Doaa S. Farid4, Essam S. Soliman2*
...agent, and environmental determinants. A cross-sectional study was designed to last for four successive seasons from September 21st, 2020 to September 20th, 2021. A total of 1393 cats and 1511 dogs were admitted and examined for parasitic infestations. PPinfestations revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) increases during fall and spring and fall in dogs and cats respectively; at < 1-year dogs and cats during all seasons; and during winter in males and s...
Shailendra Sharma, Smriti Shrestha, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
Asma Basharat1, Abdul Wajid2*, Andleeb Batool1, Tayyeba Batool3, Abdul Basit4, Kamran Abbas5, Aziz Ullah1 and Mahmood Shaukat6
...e, which is a major gene determinant essential to human palatogenesis. We analyzed a total of 134 DNA samples including 51 CP clinically assessed patients and 83 healthy controls. Our preliminary results revealed two novel missense substitutions i.e. P180Q in T-box domain and S328I in C-terminal of TBX22, while unrelated healthy controls revealed no sequence variants in these locations. The present report is first of its kind in Pakistani population. The findi...
Hams M.A. Mohamed1*, Katreen K.G.2, M.W. Abd Al-Azeem1, Faysal A. Wasel2, Ahmed M. Abd-Eldayem3
...ce profile and virulence determinants, the purpose of this study is to discuss the presence of Listeria species in raw milk. In total, 150 samples of raw milk from vendors and nearby dairy farms in Sohag, Egypt, were collected. The samples underwent a bacteriological investigation. The results showed that 22 out of 150 samples had Listeria spp. contamination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the Listeria iap gene identified 13 of the 22 isolates that were...
Chunlan Shan1, Chaoying Liu1, Qin Lu1, Guowen Fu2, Syed Aftab Hussain Shah3, Rana Waseem Akhtar4, Ru Zhao2, Libo Gao2, Chang Liu2, Shushu Miao2, Hongdan Wang2 and Hong Gao2*
...virulence. As a virulent determinant for the E. coli, the role of HPI in Saba pig was explored to provide some perspective about disease association. This is the first study in which 44 E. coli superior serotype strains were isolated and identified from Yunnan Saba pigs. The genomic DNA of all isolated superior serotypes of E. coli was obtained. Five major high pathogenicity island (HPI) structural genes (irp1, irp2, irp3, irp4 and irp5) were cloned, sequenced...
Muhammad Azam1*, Shaista Naz1*, Malik Muhammad Shafi2, Muhammad Jamil Afridi3 and Ahmad Waheed4
...ried out to evaluate the determinants of food security and coping strategies among the farm households of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, the data were collected from 180 farm household heads through an interview schedule. In addition, the food consumption data of households were collected on weekly basis. The dietary intake method was used for the assessment of farm households’ food security by using of 2450 kcal/Day/AE. Descriptive stat...
Urooj Shakoor* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...onducted to identify its determinants. Data set of 3035 rural households, extracted from Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement survey (2018-19), was grouped into three geo-climate zones (Northern, Central and Southern zones). Results from data analysis revealed that 46.6 percent of the sampled rural households were multidimensional poor and the derived Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), at 0.30 cutoff level, was 0.254 for the overall rural Khyber ...
Shaista Naz1*, Muhammad Arif2 and Akhtar Ali3
...men in livestock and its determinants in the developing countries. To achieve these objectives, a total of 32 publications after following the inclusion and were reviewed. Content analysis has been used for analysing data and the study found that women have higher participation in livestock management as compared to crop production due to the easy accessibility of livestock and the quick outcome in the shape of milk and milk products for home consumption and s...
Ghada A. Ibrahim1*, Mohamed Sayed Helal1, Nahed Abd Elhafeeze Kamoura2, Mohamed Samir3,4, Amira Mohamed Mazid5, Mohamed F.M. Farag6
... links between virulence determinants and MDR. The bacterial examination of 200 nasal swabs and 30 lung tissue samples (taken from 30 emergency slaughtered cattle) indicated that Klebsiella spp. was recovered in 55/230 (24%) of all samples with a high proportion of K. pneumoniae (18.7%). In-vitro antibiogram exhibited a wide MDR phenotype. The virulence genes (fimA, aerobactin, rmpA and magA) were exhibited in 90%, 85%, 90% and 80% of the tested isolates, resp...
Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad1,2, Latiffah Hassan1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Hassan Ismail Musa1, 2*, Maswati Mat Amin3
Siswanto Imam Santoso*, Agus Setiadi, Wahyu Dyah Prastiwi
Hari Prashad Joshi, Kuaanan Techato, Khamphe Phoungthong* and Keshav Raj Panthee
...focusing on the study of determinants of rice production from a different perspective. This study also has made an effort to investigate the determinants of rice production in Nepal taking annual mean temperature, cultivation area, fertilizer used, and precipitation rate as the independent variable by the use of the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model. The data analysis from 1990 to 2019 showed that annual mean annu...
Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2
...so aimed to identify the determinants that hinder work in agricultural projects. The number is (235) respondents distributed among (5) agricultural divisions, the descriptive approach was used as a method to achieve the objectives of the research. A questionnaire was prepared to collect study data if it included two main axes. The first axis included (8) fields of developing and developing the capabilities of rural women by (50) paragraphs. The second axis inc...
Elkalamawyl, I.M.; Elhddadl, S.; Swelim2, M.A.; Hamdy2, S.M. and Fahmy3, Hanan A.•
...alter the group specific determinant antigenicity. Phylogenetic tree based on I-BsAg partial nucleotide sequence was displayed. In conclusion, by understanding the HBsAg major immunodominant region nucleotide sequence, highly sensitive diagnostic assays can be achieved for detection of HBV in clinical specimens. Control of these EBV mutants, which will require new drugs, vaccines, and treatment strategies, will become the next major challenge on the path to ev...
Hongsen Xu*, Xiaoni Wang, Tie Tian, Changyu Zhao, Denghang Yu and Jun Liu
...es, quinolone resistance determinants and tetracycline-resistance) confirmed antibiotics sensitivity of this bacterium. Artificial infection showed that the strain could cause similar symptoms to those of naturally infected crayfish, and the lethal dose 50% was 1.52 × 106 CFU/g crayfish. Serious histopathological changes, such as cell degeneration and necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration, were found in diseased crayfish. In conclusion,...
Michael R. Dove
...rt - II: Household level determinants....
Michael R. Dove
...an part-1: Village-level determinants...
Chukwujekwu A. Obianefo1,2*, Ngozi J. Obiekwe1, Nma O. Okoroji3, Zahoor A. Shah4, Uzochukwu V. Uchemba5 and Ebele G. Osegbue5
Md. Asaduzzaman Lovelu1, Md. Amir Hossain2*, Md. Uzzal Hossain1, Tanzila Zafrin Tanvi1, Mahfuza Ferdous3, Nazmin Sultana Runa4, Assrafi Siddika3, Md. Sahidul Islam2
Hai Thanh Nguyen1*, Cuong Kien Nguyen2, Duy Ba Ngo2, Anh Thi Ngoc Dang1*
...larly UFAs, is a crucial determinant of meat’s sensory quality. However, they are prone to instability due to lipid oxidation (LO) that occurs after slaughter. LO, caused by free radicals, is the most common process leading to unacceptable flavor in pork. It is now clear that LO is the primary process for reducing storage times, rather than the oxidation of proteins and vitamins, as UFAs easily react with oxidizing agents, leading to the destruction of l...
Ashraf Samir Hakim1*, Doaa Diab Khalaf1, Engy Farahat1, Mohammed Darwish Mohammed1, Wahid Hussein El-Dabae1, Khaled Abd El-Hamid Abd El‑Razik2, Amany Nabil Dapgh3, Ehab Ali Fouad4, Hussein Ahmed Abuelhag1
...assessed their virulence determinants which implemented in pathogenesis and severity of infection via phenotypic and molecular methods. Besides that, the study determined their multidrug resistance patterns, particularly the existence of the gene responsible for carbapenem resistance. A cross-sectional study performed on one hundred and ninety two urine samples owned to urinary infected humans, dogs and cats were obtained from Egyptian laboratories in Great Ca...
Maimoona Imran2, Farah Rauf Shakoori2*, Soumble Zulfiqar1,
Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1*
...tion of Cus (Cu sensing) determinants is found to be upregulated in the presence of Ag+. The transcriptional regulator CusR bound effectively with bidirectional cus promoter. STRING database analysis revealed that CusR possesses strong interactions and linkages with other Cus determinants and via ZraS with lead and zinc resistant genes. This regulator also possesses weak associations with Cue and Cut regulons and starvation ...
Yasser Asaad Hameed Al-Shareef, Firas Hussain Kadim Abawi*
...essed the most important determinant of ND virus pathogenicity by the analysis of the fusion protein cleavage sites, phylogenetic analysis sand compared genomics of NDV isolates to publish sequences. Isolates characterized here showed 90.37% sequence similarity to the Iranian isolate Asil/IR/AAA158/2019 (MN370894.1) within velogenic clusters. Taken together, clinical, genetics and molecular biological approaches identified velogenic strains of NDV in poultry w...
