Search for Hypothalamus

Effects of Clomiphene citrate on Reproductive System of Birds and Mammals

Muhammad Zubair, Sajid Mahmood Sajid

...strogen receptors in the hypothalamus, inhibiting negative feedback of estrogen on gonadotropin release and leading to up-regulation of ovulation. It has useful effects on the reproduction of female in terms of reduction in puberty and ovulation induction. The beneficial effects are manifested in male in terms of improvement of semen.

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Possible Role of Neuromedin S (NMS) in Male Reproduction: Effect of NMS on Adipokines Secretion in Male Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Shakeel Ahmed* and Sarwat Jahan

...ent in the regulation of hypothalamus pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis has also been established. In the present study, we investigated the role of peripheral administration of neuromedin S (NMS) on adipokines (adiponectin, leptin and resistin) secretion in 48-h fasting and normal fed adult male Rhesus monkeys. After NMS administration plasma adipokines levels were determined in fed and fasting monkeys. Four intact adult male monkeys were used in this study. 50 nm...

Molecular Cloning and Function Characterization in Feeding of Neuropeptide Y in Gibel Carp, Carassius auratus gibelio

Luo Lei¹, Xingxing Deng¹, Dengyue Yuan², Zonglin Zheng¹, Chengke Zhu¹, Hui Luo¹, Baohai Li³, Hua Ye^1,* and Chaowei Zhou^1,3,*

...tested tissues, with the hypothalamus showing the highest expression in gibel carp. The npy mRNA expression in the hypothalamus significantly decreased 1 and 3 h after feeding (P < 0.01). Furthermore, its expression in the hypothalamus was significantly increased after fasting for 7 days and declined 2 days after refeeding (at 11-day and 14 -day; P < 0.01), sugge...

Expression Analysis of BMPR1B, BMP15, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 in Rams with Different Fecundity

Weihao Chen^1,2, Zhilong Tian², Lin Ma², Shangquan Gan³, Wei Sun^1,4,* and Mingxing Chu^2,*

...n the brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, testis, epididymis, vas deferens, and adrenal gland in high fecundity (Small Tail Han sheep) and low fecundity (Sunite sheep) rams. The results were as follows: BMPR1B, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5 and Smad9 were expressed in all selected tissues, but BMP15 was specifically expressed in the epididymis. Further study indicated that the expression of BMPRIB in the brain,

Concentration Dependent Functions of FGF10 in Angiogenesis and Axon Guidance

Fang Liu*

...expressed in the ventral hypothalamus, plays important roles in axon guidance and in vasculature guidance of the developing hypothalamus. Here, using ex vivo analyses in chick, we show that FGF10 exerts concentration dependent functions in angiogenesis and hypothalamic axon guidance. At lower concentration of 100ng/ml, FGF10 promotes angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membrane endothelial capillaries (CAMs), but FGF10 do...

Faster Response to High-Fat Diet in Body Mass Regulation from Lower Altitude Population in Eothenomys miletus from Hengduan Mountain Regions

Gong Xue-na¹, Jia Ting², Zhang Di² and Zhu Wanlong¹*

...le effects on leptin and hypothalamus Neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression, and leptin positively correlated with body mass and negatively correlated with NPY expression. Moreover, E. miletus from two regions showed some physiological differences, such as RMR and food intake in XGLL were higher than that of JC, but body mass was lower than that of JC. Body mass reduced quickly inJC after re-feeding LF diet, while it decreased body mass gradually in XGLL. All...

Comparison of Expression Patterns of Six Canonical Clock Genes in Year-Round Estrous and Seasonal Estrous Rams

Weihao Chen^{1, 2}, Zhilong Tian¹, Lin Ma¹, Shangquan Gan³, Wei Sun^{2, 4}* and Mingxing Chu¹*

...ed in brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, testis, epididymis, vas deferens and adrenal gland tissues in both breeds. The expression level of Clock and BMAL1 showed similar trends in the brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, testis and epididymis in both breeds. The expression levels of Clock, BMAL1, and Cry1 were significantly higher in the pituitary tissue of STH rams than in...

An Overview of Bovine Cystic Ovarian Disease

Abdullah Channo¹*, Asmatullah Kaka¹, Qudratullah Kalwar², Imdadullah Jamali³, Ghulam Jelani², Muhammad Bakhsh⁴, Ghulam Nabi Dahri⁵ and Jai Parkash Goil⁶

...gative impact factors on hypothalamus-pituitary stalkand normal function of the ovarywhich leads to alteration in follicular development, ovulation, reduced reproductive performance, unsuccessful ovulation, increased interval between parturition and conception, low conception rate, decrease in calving rate, increase in number of inseminations at each conception and finally culling. The incidence of COD is ranges from 5-30%, due to the improper managemental sys...

Cloning and Bioinformatics of CTSD Gene and its Expression at the Onset of Puberty in Duolang Sheep

Qingjin Li^1,2, Zhiyuan Sui^1,2, Jihu Zhang^1,2, Zhishuai Zhang^1,2 and Feng Xing^1,2*

...TSD were detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, uterus and oviduct in the three development periods of prepuberty, puberty, and postpuberty. The results showed that the coding region of CTSD gene of Duolang sheep had a full length of 1,239 bp, encoding 412 amino acids. The sequence of Duolang sheep CTSD was relatively similar to those of other mammals and was in line with evolutionary relationship. The mRNA of CTSD gene was expressed in all the tissue...

Physiological Effect of Glycyrrhizic Acid on Adrenal Insufficiency Induces by Glucocorticoid in Rats

Wafaa AL. Bnyean1,2 ,Zainab A.H. AL-Mousawi1*

...sed by hydrocortisone of hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis hormones and reduces the free radicals.

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Mechanism of Antipyretic Effect of Saposhnikoviae Radix Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

Taidong Wang¹, Xiaowei Huang¹, Jian Huang², Guangfu Lv³ and Zhe Lin¹*

...ein expression levels in hypothalamus (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and low-dose group significantly increased BCL2 protein expression levels (P<0.01). It was found that SR can significantly inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in rats with elevated body temperature, reduce serum TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, reduce the hypothalamus COX2, caspase3 and Bax protein expression levels and improve BCL2 protein expre...

Age and Gender-Dependent in Nitric Oxide Postnatal Change Activity in the Rat Brain

Laila Ibouzine-Dine¹*, Inssaf Berkiks^1,2, Mouloud Lamtai¹*, Hasnaa Mallouk¹, Ayoub Rezqaoui¹, Abdeljabbar Nassiri¹, Abdelhalem Mesfioui¹, Aboubaker El Hessni¹

...ppocampus, striatum, and hypothalamus of male and female “Wistar” rat pups, as these areas have differential developing states. NO level was determined on postnatal days (PND) 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17. The supernatant nitrite/nitrate (NOx) concentration was assessed after the reduction of nitrates to nitrites using the Griess reaction. Results revealed three distinct periods during postnatal development. In the first peri...

Association Between Thyroid Metabolic Hormones and Awassi Sheep Reproductive Performance

Tamadhur H. Hussein¹, Zainab M.A. Alrubayei², Tahreer M. Al-Thuwaini¹*

...oductive hormones in the hypothalamus, which influences gonadotropin neurons. This study aimed to determine whether thyroid hormones are associated with litter size. A total of 100 healthy, sexually mature ewes, aged 3 to 4 years, participated in the research. The ewes were divided into three groups: non-pregnant ewes (28), pregnant ewes with singletons (42), and pregnant ewes with twins (30). Blood samples were collected from the sheep and analyzed for hormon...

Cloning and Tissue Expression of the TTR Gene During the Initiation of Puberty in Dolang Sheep

Zhishuai Zhang, Zhiyuan Sui, Jihu Zhang, Qingjin Li, Yongjie Zhang, Chenguang Wang, Xiaojun Li and Feng Xing*

...in the pituitary and the hypothalamus (P < 0.05). TTR gene expression in the hypothalamic tissues was significantly higher at the periods of puberty than prepuberty and postpuberty (P < 0.05). The expression of TTR genes in the pituitary and uterus increased significantly from puberty to postpuberty (P < 0.05). Changes of TTR gene expression in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and uterus at different pubertal stages sug...