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John G. Bruno1*, Chien-Chung Chao2,3, Zhiwen Zhang3, Wei-Mei Ching2,3, Taylor Phillips1, Allison Edge1, Jeffery C. Sivils1

...le producing a signal to noise ratio of > 4.0 for detection of ~ 1,000, R. typhi cells. Titration experiments conducted in buffer revealed a limit of detection between 100 and 1,000 R. typhi cells per ml. The Rt-18R aptamer detected only one band at ~ 84 kD in R. typhi lysates on aptamer Western blots. While the homogeneous Rt-18R fluorescent sandwich aptamer-magnetic bead assay did not cross-react with comparable concentrations of E...

Zulfiqar Ali Soomro1* 

NOISE CONTROL FILTRATION OF LATERAL AND YAW DYNAMICS FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE WHEELSET ON TRACK
...nctions.

...

Nasir Ahmad1*, Jehad Ali2, Khalil Khan3, Muhammad Naeem4, Usman Ali5 

ROBUST MULTIMODAL FACE RECOGNITION WITH PRE-PROCESSED KINECT RGB-D IMAGES
...epth maps have holes and noise induced from camera
sensors, therefore we process them to remove these distortions and then we apply the face recognition algorithm.
Experimental results reveal that the accuracy of face recognition can be increased by combining RGB and depth
images and applying pre-processing on depth maps which mitigate the effects of covariates such as holes and noise
in the depth...

Muhammad Ibrahim1, ShahidMaqsood1, Rafiullah Khan2, Muhammad Amjad2, SakhiJaan2 

OPTIMIZATION OF GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING PARAMETERS ON PENETRATION DEPTH AND BEAD WIDTH USING TAGUCHI METHOD
...rmined through signal to noise (S/N) ratio approach. Significant factors have been
determined through analysis of variance approach. The results showed that the penetration depth and bead width
were increased with increase in current and decrease with increase in torch speed. It was concluded that the arc
current is the significant factor for both the response parameters while torch angle is significant only for bead width.
The resu...

Muneeb Abrar1, Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry2 

DESIGN OF A LOW NOISE, LOW POWER AND SPURIOUS FREE PHASE FREQUENCY DETECTOR AND CHARGE PUMP FOR PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS
...educe the overall output noise. Phase noise has been reduced to -156 (dBc/Hz) at 1 MHz offset
frequency. A simple current mirror based charge pump circuit is presented next. The charge pump design incorporates
the use of transmission gates and transistors as capacitors to reduce switching error and clock feed through. The
proposed design has a symmetric structure in terms of W/L ratios,transistor positio...

Muhammad Masood Tahir1, Ayyaz Hussain2, Saeed Badshah3, Qaisar Javaid2 

RULE-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF BEARING FAULTS USING CENTRAL TENDENCY OF TIME DOMAIN FEATURES
... considerable background noise

...

M. Nafees*, Bushra Khan*, Robina Naz*

STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY IN STEEL RE-ROLLING MILL WITH REFERENCE TO HIGH NOISE LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE
...o assess the exposure to noise and temperature in a steel re- rolling mill. The measured noise and temperature values were then compared with international standards set by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Our results indicate that temperature level was high at two places of the mill i.e. furnace and re-rolling mill sections with the average value of 67 °C and 39°C respectively, which exceeds OSH...

Gulzar Ahmad*, Sahibzada Faheem*, Amjad Ullah*, Waqar Shah*, S.M. Majid Ashraf*

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RELAY PROTOCOLS USING SIMULATION
...ious ranges of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) probabilities. A three node system i.e. source, relay and destination, placed on the edges of equilateral triangle, has been proposed using Maximal ratio Combiner (MRC) method by combining signals from source and relay at destination point. The transmission path is modeled as a frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise

 Sikandar Bilal Khattak1*, and Iftikhar Hussain1

ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENT CONSCIENCE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN USING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO

Arshad Habib Malik*, Aftab Ahmed Memon** and Muhammad Rafiq Khan***

DYNAMIC MODELING AND CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
...d in order to reduce the noise sensitivity. The problems of noise sensitivity and poor output error dynamics are addressed and a multi-objective optimization problem is solved using LMI (Linear Matrix Inequalities) formulation. Fast output feedback gains are computed using LMI tool for MATLAB. An advanced fast output sampling controller is evaluated for power maneuvering from 270 MWth to 310 MWth on the n...
Abdul Hafeez1*, Akhtar Nawaz Khan2 and Zahid Ullah3
...-resolution. The inherit noise in the data is another major bottleneck for real-time processing. This entails expediting the decision-making process as well as to instill intelligence in the approach to reduce subjectivity to a greater extent. To harness the high computational power offered by commodity graphics processing units (GPU) and accomplish the decision-making in real-time has gained traction in a gamut of recent biomedical applications. This review a...

Khurram Sheraz* and Taj Ali Khan

...lude both stochastic and noise components. The aim of this research is to integrate the signal processing technique Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with different versions of Mann-Kendall (MK) trend tests for investigating the dominant climate systems characterizing the long-term time-series of the two most important meteorological parameters: mean air temperature (oC) and total rainfall (mm) for the different stations lying in the upper Indus River basin of ...

Jiaojiao Wang, Wei Liu, Qingqian Lin and Jianhua Hou*

...fects of aircraft flight noise disturbance on airport bird communities, the composition and diversity of airport bird communities on flight and non-flight days were investigated using a line transect sampling method at the eastern airport of Hebei Province from June to August, 2019. In total, 36 species belonging to 11 orders and 22 families of birds were recorded. Disturbances such as noise from aircraft flights affected th...
Asif Kamal and Rizwan Ahmad
...war city to find out the noise level at 5 selected road crossings viz: Spin Jumat, Suikarno Square, Qissa Khwani and Firdos Cinema. The results of the study indicate the average noise level at these points is 84 dB(A). Spin Jumat is the worst affected crossing with reference to noise pollution with average noise level at 86 dB(A). The average
M. Ayaz and M. Nauman Arshad
...nmental benefits....
Mohammad Ayaz
...Studies conducted on the noise level in large and small scale sawmills and exposure of workers to it, reveal that the noise of all the machines in the near work positions and in most cases in far work positions is higher than the threshold value of 85 Db(A), a safe limit for continued exposure. The daily and total anticipated exposure of the workers to this noise is long enough to c...
M. Ayaz
...udy was conducted on the noise level of different machines and exposure of workers to it in the Sawmill of N.W.F.P., Forest Development Corporation, Mansehra. The results of this study revealed that the noise level of all the machines in the nearest work positions and in most cases in the farthest work positions was higher than the allowable levels. The operators of machines were exposed to a higher
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Mohammad Nafees2, Tooba Saeed3, Sarzamin Khan1, Hazrat Hussain4, Adila Bashir2 and Nida Naz1
...ant exposure to dust and noise, including respiratory (45.1%), skin (43.3%), eye irritation (17.8%), dyspnea (14.7%) and hearing (21%). It is therefore important to formulate a comprehensive, professional, and environmentally friendly management strategy for stone crushers. This study shows that regulatory measures are urgently needed to save the environment from pollution abatement. Among the underdeveloped countries, Pakistan is considered as one of the most...
Arbab Waseem Abbas1*, Waseem Ullah Khan1, Huda Nauman1, Khalid Saeed2 and Syed Mujtaba Abbas Zaidi3
...binary form and removing noise. These preprocessed images were then segmented into their constituent characters by the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm measure pixels strength to segment words into characters. The algorithm achieved a segmentation accuracy of 84.6%, verified through manual analysis, although some new and unwanted characters (garbage) were also generated. This work contributes a significant step toward improving OCR for the Pashto lan...

Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

December

Vol. 42, pp. 01-48

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