M. Abdus Salam1, M. Moynul Haque2, Md. Obaidul Islam3, M. Nasir Uddin4 and Md. Nazmul Haque3*
A. Regupathy and R. Ayyasamy
Initiatives of papain industry by private-public-farmer link-ages in classical biocontrol program for papaya mealybug in Tamil Nadu
...eld staff in release and multiplication of the parasitoid. For enabling initial multiplication of the released parasitoids, farmers of heavily infested papaya fields were compensated for the yield loss to serve as field-mass-multiplication-strategy. Further, the farmers of neighbouring fields were encouraged and facilitated through thirteen field staff to take the bug infested leaves and f...
Muhammad Ashfaq,1 Shamim Akhtar,2 Saleem Akhtar2,* and Mariyam Masood2
...bug in Pakistan, but its multiplication for inundative releases has been impacted by a hyperparasitoid, Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae: Eriaporinae). Traditionally the detection of hyperparasitoid is done by host-rearing, but that is time-consuming when working with field populations at larger scale. The current study used morphology and DNA sequences from mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I) and nuclear (internal transc...
Jianping Li1, Qian Jiang2, Wei Chen2, Yumei Li3, Huaizhi Jiang4, Jinlong Huo5 and Qiaoling Zhang2*
...an important role in the multiplication, migration and survival of melanophores. As of yet, no studies have addressed the diverse expression of the KIT gene and its protein ingoats of different fur colors. The effect of KIT mutations on KIT protein expression was examined in white cashmere and black cashmere goats. A single A→G missense mutation in exon 13 differentiated cashmere goats with different colors. Only a histidine (H)→...
Hina Safdar1,*, Nazir Javed1, Sajid Aleem Khan1 and Muhammad Arshad2
Muhammad Tariq*, Raja Muhammad Omer**, Muhammad Ashraf Mian*, Obaid Ur Rehman***, Amjad Tahir Virk and Kazim Abbass**
PROMOTING CERTIFIED SEED AVAILABILITY OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON YIELD IN RAINFED AREAS
...he crop season. The seed multiplication of crop varieties of rainfed areas can be done in irrigated areas to ensure the quality of seed and its availability in rainfed areas, which ultimately will increase the income of the farming community of the area....
Abdul Khaliq1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Akhlaq Ahmad2 and Yasir Iftikhar3
...h experiment showed high multiplication rate at low concentrations and vice-versa also suppressed against N. tabacum and C. procera. Hence, developing PH3 resistance can be managed with bio-pesticides up to extant and need more work to make it applicable in field....
Abdul A. Mirani1,2*, Chee H. Teo2, Adel A. Abul-Soad3, Ghulam S. Markhand1, Tahira Jatt1, Ameer A. Mirbahar1,4, Najamuddin Solangi1
... and 11-25 (block II) in multiplication stage were screened for type and nature of phenotypic abnormalities. Six phenotypic abnormalities were detected: 1) dwarfism, 2) excessive vegetative growth, 3) production of deformed offshoots and twisted inflorescence, 4) abnormal frond growth, 5) low levels of fruit setting and 6) inflorescence absent. Among the six different variant phenotypes, complete reversion of phenotypic abnormalities for the phenotypes of infl...
Tariq Mukhtar1,* and Muhammad Arshad Hussain2
...he nematode from further multiplication.
...
Muhammad Tariq Adnan Khan*, Tariq Mukhtar and Muhammad Saeed
...he nematode from further multiplication.
...
Amna Qazi1, Ghulam Shah Nizamani2*, Muhammad Tahir Khan2, Shafquat Yasmeen2, Shahla Karim Baloch1, Muharram Ali1, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan2, Sagheer Ahmad3, Muhammad Rashid Nizamani4 and Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui2
...technique to serve rapid multiplication of vegetatively propagated plants through in vitro culture. This study was conducted to establish the optimal concentrations of plant growth regulators and sucrose for micropropagation of sugarcane. Sugarcane is cultivated through cane sets and therefore, multiplication of any new genotype through traditional practices requires interminable period of time. Eight sugarcane genotype...
Babar Khan1,2 *, Nazir Javed1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1, Muhammad Atiq1, Abdul Jabbar1, Abdul Rehman3, Anam Moosa1 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1*
... L. orbonalis for multiplication of infective juveniles (IJs) of the S. kraussei. Four different concentrations(50, 100, 200 and 500 IJs) of tested EPN speciewere used against insect’s larvae. Reproduction rate of S. kraussei was highest at concentration of 500 IJs as compared to 50, 100 and 200 IJs. Similarly, the effect of different temperatures was also studied to evaluate the efficacy of S. kraussei on insect larvae. At 25...
Salma Javed and Samreen Khan*
...tion period the greatest multiplication rate estimated up to 8.9x10³; however, the same did not appeared on Aspergillus niger and result was found negative. The main purpose of captioned study was to report mass culturing of parasitic Aphelenchus avenae and their relationship and further explore these nematodes under field circumstances to control many pathogenic soil-borne fungi because this is the first study conducted on the subject experiment in Pakis...
Chala Hailu Hussen and Fikiru Temesgen Geleta
...surplus supply, and seed multiplication objectives were positively affecting the probability of participation decision while wealth variable like owning a large number of livestock was negatively affecting participation decision. Further, institutional service factors like the acquisition of awareness and frequency of extension contact positively affecting participation decision; however, obtaining training had a negative effect. Generally, farm household&rsqu...
Shahinshah Khan1*, Aijaz Ali Khooharo1, Zaheeruddin Mirani1 and Velo Suthar2
...ources of basic seed for multiplication. However, 36.8% of the farmers reported that seed companies are their exclusive source of basic seed. Only 14% of the farmers reported that seed was purchased from public sector. Major seed sources of five crops namely wheat, cotton, rice, onion and tomato were recorded. Survey findings further revealed that informal sector (own, neighbor, and landlord) was common source of seed for wheat (62.3%) and onion growers ...
Saima Mumtaz1,3*, M. Imran Kasana1, Riaz Alam1, Noorullah Khan1, Muhammad Noman1, Sanjeela Sabahat1 and Hussain Shah2
... been employed for quick multiplication of litchi. In the present study we have investigated the influence of various levels of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) on four Litchi cultivars (Gola, Surahi, China and Bedana) for root induction, its development and success rate of survival in hardwood cuttings. Six treatments of IBA (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000ppm) and one with control (without IBA) were applied at base of hardwood cuttings (6mmØ) of different...
J. Salma and F. Shahina
...other media. The minimum multiplication was found in corn flour medium. As compared to cultured separately, the production of infecti ve juveniles increased approximately two fold in assemblage medium. In vivo production of IJs in G. mellonella
Muhammad Akram¹,²*, Rashid Mahmood³, Fahim Arshad4 and Umer Farooq Gohar5
...system for the effective multiplication and conservation of P. minima. Juvenile leaves were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 µM thidiazuron (TDZ). As a result, 100% callus induction was achieved on the medium containing 1.0 µM TDZ. Notably, calli grown on 1.0 µM TDZ exhibited greater potential for shoot regeneration and proliferation in the growth regulator-free MS liquid medium (95.25%) as compared to...
Nosheen Jehajo* and Naheed Shah
...favorable for growth and multiplication of beetles because the maximum damage (97.8, 93.2, 59.0 and 27.7%) and weight loss (58.0, 57.8, 37.8 and 34.46%) was found on cowpea, green gram, chickpea and mash gram, respectively. While the lowest temperature (20°C) and humidity (55%) were found unfavorable for C. maculates as no significant damage and weight loss of pulses induced by C. maculates was observed at these conditions. High temperature (40ºC) and...
Shiferaw Demissie Tola1, Diriba Muleta2, Fassil Assefa2 and Beira Hailu Meressa1*
...Furthermore, the maximum multiplication rate (a) and population densities (M) were estimated as 8813.2 and 3420.1 (eggs and J2 (g soil)–1), respectively. Therefore, evaluating hot pepper varieties for resistance using a wide range of Pi could generate more reliable information on the host status of pepper varieties. ...
Abd Elwanis, N.D.; Abou El Khair, M.A.; Afaf H. Amin; Azab, A. and A.O. Abd El Rahman
...ction sites of the virus multiplication were the allantoic fluid, the chorioallantoic membrane and the amniotic fluid in order, where the allantoic sac route is considered the best site for virus inoculation and the virus was completely inactivated using formalin in a final concentration Of 0.1% for 18 hours at 25c0. Evaluation of the prepared vaccine batch based mainly upon vaccination of different groups of specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens using differe...
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhter and Masood Amjad
Muhammad Afzal and Aqeela Mobeen Akhter
...ement for initiation and multiplication rate of axillary buds of mature tree of Mulberry. Axillary buds derived from actively growing young shoots of 6 years old Morus alba were used to initiate the culture. Successful bud shoot induction and shoot elongation was achieved on MS media with 5µM BAP concentration. High multiplication rate i.e.12 micro shoots per culture was obtained with 15µM BAP. After 4-5 weeks...
Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Mushtaque, Aqeela Mubeen Akhtar, Nighat Chughtai and Shaheena Ramzan
...e these days because the multiplication process is quite speedy and the ramets so produced are devoid of pathogens. Plantlets of Ipil Ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) were obtained through multiplication of ex-plants produced from aseptically raised germinates of the species. In the basal media (MS + 5 micro molar BAP), ex-plants started differentiating shoot buds at high frequency. These aseptically developed plantlets w...
Mirza Hakim Khan and Muhammad Shabir Mughal
...ons is necessary for the multiplication of economic and ecological benefits....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...lter, food, survival and multiplication. The article brings into sharp focus the necessity of giving maximum attention to the protection of habitat to save whatever is left of the wildlife in Pakistan....
Abdul Aleem
...kept in an enclosure for multiplication and ultimate release in the wild. 31,200 hectares of Cholistan desert (including Lal Suhanra irrigated plantation and Lal Sunhanra lake) were declared as National Park in July 1972. On February 11, 1978, the number in the enclosure had increased to 22. Pneumonia, and snake bites appeared to be responsible for the slow increase....
Amjad Mahmood Chima
...of sprouting, growth and multiplication. All varieties sprouted and flowered and
flowered well but susceptibility to damage by nematodes varied. The quality and durability of blooms was good in all varieties except one variety of daffodils. Varieties resistant to nematode attack differed in their multiplication rates....
Wan Nurfarzana Wan Mohamad Zani1, Norrizah Jaafar Sidik1*, Asmah Awal2, Nurul Izzati Osman3, Lyena Watty Zuraine Ahmad1 and Mohd Khairi Nordin4
...the same media for shoot multiplication. Propagules with three shoots exhibited the highest multiplication rate, showing a 4.9-fold increased and an average of 14.8 ± 3.5 shoots after a 5-week culture period. Following this, three shoots/clumps were transferred to liquid and solid MS media with varied concentrations of BAP (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) to assess their growth rates. Cultures in liquid media demonstra...
