Amtul Jamil Sami1*, Madeeha Khalid1, Sara Iqbal1, Maira Afzal1 and A.R. Shakoori2
...the interaction with the polysaccharide starch and flocculation phenomenon. Chitosan starch based polymer composites can be used as an efficient and cost effective method to treat waste water polluted with carcinogenic dyes by coagulation-flocculation. Moreover this method is beneficial over other methods that employ toxic polymers or mineral coagulants....
John G. Bruno
...ed against extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of E. coli O157 and the so called “Big six” non-O157 Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) serovars (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121 and O145). These aptamers were assessed by enzyme-linked aptamer sorbent assay (ELASA) to rank their relative affinities and discriminatory ability for distinguishing between each of the STEC serovars. The most specific biotinylated aptamers from the ELASA screening were then a...
Zhenyu Chang1, Hui Zhang1, Khalid Mehmood1,2, Mujeeb Ur Rehman1, Xiaodan Yuan1, Zhaoyang Li1, Fazul Nabi1, Xiaoxing Wu1, Xinxin Tian1, Xueting Liu1, Jingen Xu3 and Donghai Zhou1,*
...ls were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and recombinant human (rh) TFF3. Cell proliferation and TFF3 mRNA expression were examined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. The results showed that rhTFF3 effectively prevented the cell injury induced by LPS (P<0.05). A low concentration of LPS (10 µg/mL) down-regulated the expression of TFF3 mRNA, whereas a ...
Jun-Ying Liu, He-He Liu*, Jie Kou, Yang-Mei Zhao, Ji-Wen Wang, Liang Li and Xiao-Hui Du
...ly and can recognize lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main component of gram-negative bacteria. To investigate how TLR4 responds to LPS, the TLR4 transcription levels in duck liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were examined after a model for immune stress was implemented through LPS injection in Peking ducks. The results from this assay suggested that LPS injection significantly increased the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) i...
Arifa Mehreen1, Iram Liaqat2,Muhammad Arshad3, Muzzamil Waheed4 and Najma Arshad1,*
... proportions of capsular polysaccharides (CPs8), clumping factor A (clf A) andintracellular adhesion A (ica A) were 78%, 68.5% and 40%, respectively. ica D and CPs5 could not be amplified from any isolate. Toxin genes were present in 43.5% isolates. Among toxin genes, enterotoxins (SEs) were most frequently detected followed by enterotoxin (ETs) (24.09 %) and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) (15...
Xiaojie Ding, Xiling Sun, Zuien Wang, Qiusheng Zheng, Xiaofei Yu, Wenjin Hao, Kejun Wang, Wenjuan Xu and Zhengping Dong*
...nterleukin-6 (IL-6), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as well as colonic mucosal tissue TLR4/9 and NF-kB. We got the following results: (1) The rat IBS-D model was successfully prepared; (2) Wumei Pill could reduce the contents of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and LPS in rats(P<0.05), and alleviate the inflammatory reaction and accumulation of bacterial endotoxins; (3) Wumei Pill could reduce the transcriptional level of TLR4/9mRNA, to decrease TLR4/9 protein synthesis a...
Farah Mansha, Abdul Rehman*
... used to degrade complex polysaccharides present in the organic wastes and would be helpful in cleaning the environment.
... 
Asma Sohail1*, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1, Maryum Arif2 and Fatima Najam1
...ve ingredients including polysaccharides, vitamins, proteins, essential amino acids, carotenoids, fatty acids like linoleic acid and linolenic acid, lignans, minerals and various phytochemicals. Due to the presence of two unsaturated fatty acids, these oils can reduce their biological activity on heating, volatilization, and other parameters like oxidation and UV rays. This limits the commercial application of these oils. To overcome such problems encapsulatio...
Hao Gu*, Zhi Yang, Weiqiang Yu, Kan Xu and Yuan-fei Fu*
...fluorescent images of exopolysaccharides and living bacteria of Streptococcus mutans were measured with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In our study, capsaicin showed an outstanding performance in the inhibition of acid producing and biofilm of the four strains of cariogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, low values of MIC of capsaicin on four sectional cariogenic bacteria indicated high efficiency of antibacterial activity of capsaicin. Antibacterial ...
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
... mannitol, Arabinose and polysaccharides like gelatin and starch. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both isolates belong to the same specie Anoxybacillus rupiensis with 99% similarity under Accession number KF254911 (JF82) and KC849452 (JF83). The DNA G + C contents were 56.854% and 56.754% for A. rupiensis JF82 and A. rupiensis JF83, respectively. The isolates grew over a wide range of temperatures (40-7...
Zahra Nazir1, Saba Ijaz1, Roquyya Gul2 and Mahjabeen Saleem1,*
...zymes break down complex polysaccharide polymers of plant tissues into simpler monomer like D-galacturonic acids. In this study, polygalacturonase from grape skin was purified by salting out with ammonium sulfate, gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 column and ion exchange on Q-Sepharose column chromatography. Polygalacturonase was recognised as a protein with 47kDa molecular weight by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH of purified polygalacturonase activity was found to be...
Tian-Yi Zhao1, Zi-Qing Liu2, Bo Yang1, Qiao Gao1, Hong-Yu Zhang1, Pei-Yu He1, Ming-Hua Duan1* and Yu-Li Yan1*
...div>...
Taqi Raza1*, Sergio de Los Santos Villalobos2, Muhammad Shehzad3, Shakeel Imran4 and Derly José Henriques da Silva5
PGP Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Apple Gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus L.)
...AA). Furthermore, for exopolysaccharide (EPS) test, 73% of isolated strains confirmed the EPS production. The conclusion revealed that almost all isolated bacterial strains exposed the growth-promoting abilities and may be used as bio-fertilizer to enhance crop production....
Xiaopeng Tang1,2* and Kangning Xiong1,2
Ali Zaman1, Nabila Roohi1 and Muhammad Irfan2*
...ts immunogens, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane protein (OMP) on Nili Ravi buffaloes. Prepubertal Nili Ravi female buffaloes (N=18) of 10-12 months age in good health condition were divided into five treatment groups (n=3 each) and a control group (n=3). Treatment groups’ animals were exposed to P. multocida bacterial culture and its immunogens, i.e., LPS (oral and intravenous) and OMP (oral and subcutaneous). Animals were analyzed for t...
Yawang Sun, Yongjiang Wu, Jingbo Chen, Zili Wang, Juncai Chen, You Yang and Guozhong Dong*
...NA damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in bovine mammary epithelial cell line MAC-T cells. Cells were cultured for 48 h with different LPS levels (0, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5, and 100 ng/mL). The results showed that cell viability was negatively correlated with LPS concentrations. The production of reactive oxygen species increased in a dose-depend manner. Cellular concentrations of oxidative damage markers were positively correlated with applied LPS concent...
Zhiyuan Sun1, 3, Xuhui Zhang2,*, Xian Li3, Yanping Huang3, Shiyan Sui3, Weifeng Liu3, Guochao Ni3, Xiaozhou Xu1, Jianbo Yang1, Xue Lian1 and Hui Jia1
...ronic stress affects lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced inflammation via the crosstalk. Pigs were administered LPS injection with or without continuous adrenocorticotropine hormone (ACTH) pretreatment. Twenty-four 30-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred piglets (12 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments: control, LPS, ACTH, and ACTH+LPS groups. Each group consisted of 6 male piglets. All ACTH pigs and ACTH+LPS pigs were ...
Syeda Shazia Bokhari, Aisha Waheed Qurashi*, Roheela Yasmeen*, Fouzia Yasmeen, Nabeela Nayab, Uzma Rafi
...towards adherence and exopolysaccharides productions. Both productions are important parameters of plant growth promoting bacteria. Earthworms, along with soil sample, were collected from different areas of Lahore. Bacteria were isolated, purified and further characterized morphologically, biochemically and at molecular level. Bacteria after isolation were labelled as EPF1 while by molecular confirmation this bacterial strain was named as Exigoubacterium auran...
Taghreed Mohamed Nabil1, Randa Mohamed Hassan1, HebatAllah Hamdy Mahmoud2, Mohamed Gomaa Tawfiek2, Usama Kamal Moawad1*
... glands. The neutral mucopolysaccharides were predominant in supra-nuclear portions of the mucosal epithelium in all portions of the oviduct. In contrast, acid mucopolysaccharides were dominated in the infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, and vagina but were absent in the proprial glands. Sperm host glands were prominent in the uterovaginal portion. The vaginal tunica muscularis was the thickest compared with other oviduct parts f...
Lin Lu
...nism of Hedyotis diffusa polysaccharide (HDP) on apoptosis of thyroid cancer cell line. TPC-1 cells were treated with HDP (final concentration 1 mg/mL, 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL), PI3K/AKT signal pathway inhibitor LY294002 (20 μmol/L) and LY294002 + HDP (4 mg/ml HDP and 20 μmol/L LY294002). Cell viability and apoptosis rate were detected by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of Cyt-C, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved Caspase-3, PI3K, AKT and p-AKT were de...
Xiaopeng Tang1*, Kangning Xiong1 and Rejun Fang2*
... cells challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cells were treated with: (1) EGF (0 ng / mL) + LPS (0 μg / mL) (Control group), (2) EGF (100 ng / mL) + LPS (0 μg / mL) (EGF group), (3) EGF (0 ng / mL) + LPS (1 μg / mL) (LPS group), and (4) EGF (100 ng / mL) + LPS (1 μg / mL) (EGF+LPS group) for 24 h. The gene expression of glutamine transport protein Na+-dependent neutral amino acid transporter (ASCT2) and protein expression of ASCT2 were measured. ...
Zhongqing Wang1, Qiuyue Wu1, Ruiling Ye1, Fazul Nabi1,4, Yangfei Shang1, Sarfaraz Ali4 and Juan Liu1,2,3*
...tractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) on the quantity of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIELs), and the IL-6, TNF-α mRNA transcription level in duodenum of diarrheal mice. A total 72 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control (CG), infection (IG), positive drug (PG), AMP low/middle/high dose (LG/ MG/ HG) groups respectively, (n=12). The mice were induced by diarrhea with E. coli (5×107CFU) via i.p injection (0.5 mL/time/d) a...
Aiman Al-Mufarji1, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed1*, Haitham Al-Masruri2, Rashid Al-Zeidi3
...include “proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, PUFAs, vitamins, pigments and other bioactive compounds”. The microalgae composition varies depending on species and nutrient availability for production. Genetic engineering might be used for production invaluable microalgae compounds. Microalgae consider a promising source of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs), which have beneficial effects for humans and animals. Knowledge for microalgae effects on producti...
Xiaowei Huang1, Jinji Wang1, Zhun Yu2, Minghua Duan1* and Zhe Lin1*
...tify;">Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) is a biomacromolecule that isolated from the roots of Angelica sinensis. This study aims to investigate its protective effect on kidney injury and its influence on BMP-7/Smads/TGF-β1 signal pathway in irradiated rats. Total 60 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the normal (normal saline), model (normal saline), and low, medium, high dose of ASP groups (9.0, 18.0 and 36.0 mg/mL, 2.0 m...
USMAN AHMAD*1, AMTUL JAMIL SAMI1, MADEEHA KARAMAT1, MADEEHA KHALID1, FAIZAN NAEEM2 & MUHAMMAD JAMIL YOUSAF3
...ery. Psyllium, a natural polysaccharide, is a dietary fiber and widely utilized in gel forming. To study the structural aspects of these various polymeric webs were categorized with FTIR, SEM and release related experiments such as swelling kinetics, swelling ratio and drug kinetics and the impact of pH on the release of insulin from medicated hydrogels has been concentrated to evaluate the medication discharge instrument in-vitro and in-vivo. Fickian diffusio...
Wuritunashun*, Burenbatu, Narenqiqige, Jiuguniang, Eerdunduleng, Shuanglian Wang, Cuiqin Gong, Hashengaowa, Huizhi Jin, Baiwurihan and Chunhaizi
...VII, proteoglycan 4, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), thrombospondin-4, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis of these differentially expressed proteins revealed that they play a critical role in immune-related responses. Parallel reaction monitoring validation also substantiated the results of the LFQ proteomics approach by analyzing the expression of LBP and SERPINA10. This work identifies the proteins and...
Abdulaziz A. Alaqil*
...enously injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). A total of one hundred twenty, 40-week-old, laying hens from the Hy-line breed were allocated at random into four groups of 30 hens each. For eight consecutive weeks (40–48 weeks of age), two groups of the layers were given a basal diet as control, while the remaining two groups were given a basal diet enhanced with a 2 g/kg diet of LA bacteria. At 47 wk of age, layers in one of the control or LA group...
Mohamed I. El-Katcha1, Mosaad A. Soltan1, Seham M. El-Kassas2*, Mahmoud M. Arafa3, El-Sayed R. Kawarei 3, Karima M. El-Naggar1*
...ganic form of Cu (copper polysaccharide complex) at 8 and 4 mg/kg diet, respectively. Fourth and fifth group received the Cu as nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) at the same levels of the organic form, respectively. Birds fed the experimental diets for 10 weeks at 110 g/hen/day. Organic Cu failed to compensate body weight losses (P > 0.05), and the CuO-NPs significantly increased it (P < 0.05). Both organic and CuO-NPs non-significantly increased average egg produ...
Nurul Fajrih1,2, Komang Gede Wiryawan1*, Sumiati1 and Suraya Kaffi Syahpura3
Taidong Wang1, Xiaowei Huang1, Jian Huang2, Guangfu Lv3 and Zhe Lin1*
...ignificantly inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in rats with elevated body temperature, reduce serum TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, reduce the hypothalamus COX2, caspase3 and Bax protein expression levels and improve BCL2 protein expression levels, play an antipyretic effect....
MARIAM ZAHEER*1, SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI2, MUDDA
...text-align: justify;">Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are secreted by both eukaryotes (fungi, phytoplankton, and algae) and prokaryotes (archaeobacteria and eubacteria). EPSs produced by bacteria include a broad range of chemical structures and may either be heteropolymeric or homopolymeric. Their molecular weights vary from 10 to 1000 kDa. Exopolysaccharides have multifarious applications in different fields of life. These EPSs a...
Siti Zubaidah1, Chusnul Hanim2, Bambang Ariyadi3, Aji Praba Baskara2*, Zuprizal2
... (182 g/tons), nonstarch polysaccharide degrading enzyme (200 g/tons), and protease (130 g/tons). The chemical composition included dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, ether extract (EE), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), crude fiber (CF), total energy, amino acids (AAs), and fatty acids (FAs). In this study, the chemical composition was analyzed T - test student, while AAs, FAs, and cell-wall structure was analyzed descriptively. The microstructure of PKC ce...
Li Min1, Yong Chen2, Shunying Wu3, Xuefei Zheng1 and Mucheng Xu1*
...u; m/m and 1 μ of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. The ADPSCs of young rats were divided into groups A and B, respectively at 0 and 1 μ/mL of LPS for 24 h. The number of mineralized nodules and ALP activity in group B were significantly higher than those in group D. The protein expression of OCN and ALP in group B was significantly higher than that in group A. ALP protein expression in group D was significantly higher than that in group C. The protein ...
Laila Ibouzine-Dine1*, Inssaf Berkiks1,2, Hasnaa Mallouk1, Mouloud Lamtai1, Zineb El Marzouki1, Amal Dimaoui1, Abdelhalem Mesfioui1, Aboubaker El Hessni1
...une challenges, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure, can induce lasting changes in brain structure, neurochemistry, and function, a process known as “early-life programming.” These changes are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression. While the nitric oxide (NO) pathway is implicated in depression, how changes in NO kinetics impact sex-dependent affective behaviors has not been thoroughly investigated. This study focuses ...
Manar Mousa Alhussein*, Eman Faisal Albghdady
...collagen fibers, and mucopolysaccharide. The treated group (G2) shows a significant reduction in total length of epididymis and segments, as well as a non-significant drop in total weight. Histologically, the epididymis tubules showed a significant decrease in diameter; the lumen was empty of sperm; there was an increase in epithelial height; hyperplastic epithelia; and an appearance of cribriform forms with infiltration of inflammatory cells. Also, treated ra...
Girma Waktola1; Tasisa Temesgen2*
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2020), 4(2): 688-695
...ot;;">mushroom comprise: polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, proteins, peptides, glycoproteins, nucleosides, tri- terpenoids, lectins, lipids and their derivatives, in addition of its vital medicinal components beneficial for the human health. Moreover, Pleurotus ostreatus
Simiat O. Jimoh1*; Khadijat O. Adefaye1; Lateefah A. Arowolo2; Ramot B. Badmos-Oladapo1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2022), 6(2): 1530-1542
...l macromolecules such as polysaccharides are bioactive substances obtained from the agricultural feed stocks and\ or crustacean shell wastes, thus chitin biomass as a rich renewable resource; is an additional abundant natural polysaccharide in the environment. Despite the recent interests in the biomedical applications of chitin, complexity of chitosan and their derivatives in terms of controlling their chemical synthesis du...
Bijay Kumar Shrestha1*; Manita Tumbahangphe1; Jenish Shakya1; Sujata Chauhan1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2022), 6(4): 1614-1634
...aemolysins, capsule, lipopolysaccharides, biofilm, fimbriae adhesions and iron acquisition systems. In spite of several host protection mechanisms; however, UPEC may persist inside the urinary tract and serve as a reservoir of recurrent infections and complications. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of UTI with broad spectrum antibiotics are essential before this infection causes other medical complications. Generally, in clinical settings, diagnosis of UTI...
Simiat O. Jimoh*; Semirah A. Sanusi; Farouq A. Olaogun; Ramot B. Badmos-Oladapo; Kifayat O. Asafa- Adedimeji
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2022), 6(6): 1821-1835
...revealed the presence of polysaccharide hydrolyzing enzymes (e.g., amylase and cellulase), and mevalonate pathway enzymes, including isoprene synthase, mevalonate-5-diphosphate decarboxylase, and isopentyl phosphate kinase, in addition to isoprene, mevalonic acid (MVA), and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Based on the results obtained in this study, bioisoprene synthesis via direct fermentation of cheap and abundant carbon sources such as cassava...
Mai N. Amer1; Maissara M.K. Elmaghraby2; Aya A.M. Abdellatif2; Sondos R. Salem3; Mariam M. Salama3; Omar A. Abdel Maksoud3; Radwa M. Nasr3; Mohamed N.H. Amer4; Mohamed M.H. Marghany5; Hassan M. Awad1*
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2024), 8(5): 2580-2603
...nzymes, vitamins, and exopolysaccharides with antibacterial attributes. Consequently, probiotics are utilized in food technology to develop the functional foods that promote the human health....
Zine El abidine Bzazou El Ouazzani1*; Laila Reklaoui1; Monsif El Madany2; Houda Benaicha3; Said Barrijal1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2024), 8(5): 2632-2652
...eracting with
lipopolysaccharides (LPS), causing cell death. Currently, colistin is regarded as a last-resort
antibiotic for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Overuse of colistin
in animal feed and human medicine has led to the appearance of genetic mutations and the
acquisition of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes associated with colistin resistance. The
rapid emergence of the plasmid colistin-...
lipopolysaccharides (LPS), causing cell death. Currently, colistin is regarded as a last-resort
antibiotic for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Overuse of colistin
in animal feed and human medicine has led to the appearance of genetic mutations and the
acquisition of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes associated with colistin resistance. The
rapid emergence of the plasmid colistin-...
Fengwei Ma1*, Qihua Wen1, Qingfang Deng2, Yihao Lu1, Buyan Zhang1, Yongyou Cheng1 and Su Xu1*
...e study, Gastrodia elata polysaccharide (GEP) was extracted and further purified via DEAE-52 column chromatography. High selenized Gastrodia elata polysaccharide (Se-GEP) was obtained by presulfation prior to the selenylation modification process. The structures of GEP and Se-GEP were characterized using various chemical analysis techniques, including ultraviolet (UV), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear...
Pakistan Journal of Zoology
November
Featuring
-
Morphometric Measurements, Gonopod and Gonopores Appearances in Early Sexual Crablet Stage of Scylla paramamosain (Estampador, 1949)
Muhammad Nur Syafaat, Che Zulkifli Che-Ismail, Adnan Amin-Safwan, Mohamad N. Azra, Mohammad Syahnon, Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi and Mhd Ikhwanuddin
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 759-766
-
Preparation of High Selenized Gastrodia elata Blume Polysaccharide and its Immunomodulatory Effects on RAW264.7 Cells and Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
Fengwei Ma, Qihua Wen, Qingfang Deng, Yihao Lu, Buyan Zhang, Yongyou Cheng and Su Xu
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 747-758
-
Freshwater Fish Biodiversity in Liangzi Lake
Ke Li, Hai Liu, Jiangang Zhou, Hongbing Chen and Zhengxiang Wang
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 737-745
-
Histopathological and Molecular Analyses of Leptospira borgpetersenii and Leptospira interrogans in Bovine Kidneys in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Intan Noor Aina Kamaruzaman, Siew Zee Ong, Iman Natasha Sofea Jafri, Dayangku Umi Aqilah Pengiran-Isa, Mohamad Sabri Abdul-Rahman, Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan, Thilini Nisansala, Soon Heng Goh, Siti Nur Haslina Mamat, C.W. Salma C.W. Zalati, Sazaly AbuBakar and Shih Keng Loong
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 727-736
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