Preparation of High Selenized Gastrodia elata Blume Polysaccharide and its Immunomodulatory Effects on RAW264.7 Cells and Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
Preparation of High Selenized Gastrodia elata Blume Polysaccharide and its Immunomodulatory Effects on RAW264.7 Cells and Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
Fengwei Ma1*, Qihua Wen1, Qingfang Deng2, Yihao Lu1, Buyan Zhang1, Yongyou Cheng1 and Su Xu1*
ABSTRACT
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human and animal nutrition, its supplementation holds great significant. In the study, Gastrodia elata polysaccharide (GEP) was extracted and further purified via DEAE-52 column chromatography. High selenized Gastrodia elata polysaccharide (Se-GEP) was obtained by presulfation prior to the selenylation modification process. The structures of GEP and Se-GEP were characterized using various chemical analysis techniques, including ultraviolet (UV), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), periodate oxidation analysis. Their immunostimulatory activities were further investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated the successful introduction of the seleninic group into GEP with substitution occurring at the C-6 position of glucose. The particle sizes decreased from 819.8 nm to 395.4 nm, and the absolute values of the zeta potential increased from 24.57 mV to 28.17 mV, indicating that selenylation modification improved GEP’s physical stability. Se-GEP enhanced RAW264.7 cell proliferation, cell phagocytosis, and secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin (IL)-1β compared to the GEP group. Furthermore, Se-GEP improved the immunological activity by increasing spleen and thymus indices, enhancing phagocytic function, and activating both Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes. The findings provide valuable insights for the development of Se-GEP as dietary selenium nutrient supplements.
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