Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam1, Iram Gull1, Zaigham Abbas2,* and Muhammad Amin Athar1
...lpha;2-Tα1 by SUMO protease and recombinant IFNα2-Tα1 was collected in flow through by affinity chromatography. The MW (~23 kDa) of IFNα2-Tα1 was determined by 12 % SDS-PAGE and its integrity was confirmed by Immuno blot analysis using anti-interferon α-2 and anti-thymosin α-1 antibodies. Purified IFNα2-Tα1 demonstrated anti-proliferation activity as assessed by MTT assay. This study also showed that N-term...
Musrrat Fatima, Muhammad Saad Khan, Hamid Rashid, Asim Mehmood, Sumaira Kanwal, Muhammad Asif Rasheed and Farrukh Jamil*
... inhibitors against ZIKV protease NS2B-NS3, which has a well-known role in the viral replication. By using three dimensional structure of the NS2B-NS3, an allosteric site has been identified in the protein. Moreover, the identified site is used for structure-based virtual screening. After screening 100,000 compounds, 14 compounds are selected, which fulfilled different already established drug likeliness parameters such as rule of five and nontoxic nature. The...
Changqing Zhao*, Zhuochi Chen and Yubin Li
...ermented jerky; the acid protease activity was slightly higher than the neutral protease activity in the fermented jerky; four and fifteen volatile compounds were detected for the non-fermented and fermented jerky, respectively. The important compounds affecting the flavor of fermented jerky included DL-Glutamic Acid, Phenylethyl Alcohol, 1-Octen-3-ol, Nonanal, Pentanal, 3-Methyl-Butanal, and 2-Pentyl-Furan. The study result...
Iram Gull*, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Imran Tipu, Roohi Mushtaq and Muhammad Amin Athar
...ith insertion of HCV NS3 protease cleavage site at splicing junction is reported.
...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Nazish Mazhar Ali2, Najma Arshad3, Riffat Iqbal1 and Zain-ul-Abideen1
...ide and 5-15 µM of proteases (proteinase K, trypsin, and chymotrypsin). Concentration dependent decrease was observed after 72 hours in biofilm formation of D. vulgaris on treatment with salicylidene acylhydrazide. Whereas 15 µM concentration of proteases produced significantly (p<0.05) reduced biofilm formation via test tube assay. Overall, while comparing all inhibitory compounds trypsin was most effe...
Yasir Ali1,2*, Bashir Ahmad1, Naqeebullah Jogezai3 and Adil Hussain1
...ate cold active alkaline protease and alkaline active lipase producing psychrotrophic bacteria from water and soil samples collected from different glaciers of Karakorum Range of mountains, Pakistan. Serial dilution and plating approaches were exploited for bacterial isolation and the isolates were qualitatively screened for proteolytic and lipolytic activity with skim milk and Tributyrin agar (TBA plate) assay method. From the collected samples, a total of 20...
Boxin Dou, Ying Liu*, Yumeng Liu, Lili Fan, Yongqiang Ma, and Yanguo Shi
...tained by using alkaline protease to enzymatic hydrolysis of RB crude protein purified by ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography and RP-HPLC. Using consecutive chromatographic techniques successively, the acidic hydrolysates of RB proteins were fractionated and the new ACE inhibitory triplet was isolated and identified. The amino acid sequence of the ACEI was identified as Ile-Thr-Leu or Leu-Thr-Ile. In vitro, ACE inhibition assays showed that t...
Parsa Riaz and Muhammad Naeem*
Digestive Enzymes Activity with Gut Morphometric Parameter of Carnivorous Fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes)
...nzymes, such as lipases, proteases and amylases in the digestive tract of a wild, freshwater, carnivorous Wallago attu. Wallago attu is a fast growing catfish that belongs to family siluridae under the order siluriformes. It has good market demand as a food fish having high nutritional value, and high protein content in its flesh, Carnivorous in nature. Descriptive data of the studied traits included total body weight, total body length, gut weight, gut length...
Taqi Raza1*, Sergio de Los Santos Villalobos2, Muhammad Shehzad3, Shakeel Imran4 and Derly José Henriques da Silva5
PGP Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Apple Gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus L.)
...ies and 36% confirms the protease activities. Similarly, 82% and 45% of isolates confirmed the solubilization of zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) respectively. Almost, the entire isolated strains were given positive results for ammonia (NH4), nitrogen fixation, and indole acetic acid (IAA). Furthermore, for exopolysaccharide (EPS) test, 73% of isolated strains confirmed the EPS production. The conclusion revealed that almost all isolated bacterial strains exposed ...
Saima Yaqub1, Tahir Yaqub1*, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir2, Asif Nadeem3, Aziz-Ul-Rahman1, Muhammad Furqan Shahid1, Zarfishan Tahir4 and Nadia Mukhtar4
...9V) PIs mutations in the protease region while four NRTI (D67T, K70R/Q, M184V and T215F) and four NNRTI (V108T, E138A, V179I and Y181C) mutations in the reverse transcriptase region were observed. The present study concludes circulation of multiple subtypes of HIV-1 among IDUs and a continuous disease surveillance coupled with delineation of disease risk factors may provide a crucial insight into HIV prevention and treatment which could substantially curtail H...
Iram Liaqat1*, Tahir Hussain1,2, Aisha Waheed Qurashi3, Gulbeena Saleem2, Asia Bibi4, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar5,ShaukatAli1 and Ikram-ul-Haq6
...g biofilm former. Use of proteases can strongly inhibit biofilm formation in vitro and can be used as effective therapeutic approach to control fowl typhoid epidemic along with an antibiotic therapy. The future prospects of the current study may include the testing of these proteases in poultry feed to see their effect on S. Gallinarum pathogenesis in vivo.
...
Masood Sadiq Butt1, Sadia Aslam1,2, Rizwan Shukat1,*, Syed Qamar Abbas1, Muhammad Issa Khan1, Shadab Shaukat3 and Muhammad Shahid4
Amreen Zahra1, Mushtaq A. Saleem1*, Hasnain Javed2, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Naveed1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
...regions. Dolutegravir, a protease inhibitor, was used for molecular docking to reveal the drug resistance sites among the isolates under investigation. However, strikingly the binding energies resulted were -7.9 kcal/mol for Pol and -5.7 kcal/mol in Gag that predicted that SNPs in the Pol gene could be one of the reasons for drug resistance and the primary site of mutations progressing the onset of infection. These computational strategies will thus help in pe...
D. N. Abd-elshafy1, 2 and M. M. Bahgat2, 3
...nhibiting HepG2 cellular proteases on replication rate of the virus. Plaque infectivity count assay was carried out using safe concentrations of the cocktail protease inhibitor MixG and its five components: ABESF, aprotinin, E-64, leupeptin and EDTA. Also quantification of the activities of both intracellular and secreted HepG2 proteases was carried out using specific chromogenic substrate...
Junli Liu1, Tongfang Yang2 and Lisheng Wu3*
...eine-containing aspartic protease 3 (Caspase-3) protein expression in U2OS cells were detected by western blot, thiazole blue (MTT) and plate cloning experiments to determine cell survival and colony formation, flow cytometry to measure apoptosis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to assay LINC00857 and miR-340 expression. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reports analyzed the targeting relationship between LINC00857 and miR-340. ...
Najeeb Ullah1*, Muhammad Nadeem2, Malik Mujaddad-ur-Rehman1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Yasir Arfat3
...experimental work of the protease production was conducted by using skin waste from leather industry as a substrate. Different sources of nitrogen and carbon were screened in order to enhance the production of protease by a locally isolated Bacillus sp. In order to ensure the best results Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize five different independent variables including substrate, Molasses, temperatur...
Hams M.A. Mohamed1, Mona A. El-Zamkan2*
...s to produce biofilm and protease enzyme. All the isolates displayed resistance to penicillin and oxacillin, while, two isolates were resistant to vancomycin and erythromycin, and three isolates were resistant to linezolid. None of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol or clindamycin. B-lactams drug resistance encoded by pbp1A gene could be detected in all the isolates, while one isolate harbored vanA and optrA gene, and no isolate harbo...
Laiba Shafique1*, Mahroze Fatima2, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3, Muhammad Afzal4, Huma Naz5, Saif ur Rehman1 and Qingyou Liu1*
...f C. idella. Amylase and protease activity was maximum in fish intestine fed with formic acid followed by fornic acid × vitamin D3, vitamin D3 = control diet. Activity of lipase enzyme was reduced by formic acid supplementation as well as vitamin D3. The observed formic acid and vitamin D3 (interactions) were synergistically bone mineralization of phosphorus, sodium, copper and also showed positive result for the activity of amylase,
Momotaz Khanom*, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Muhammad Yousuf Ali, Md. Shahin Parvez, Al-Hasan Antu, Md. Nazmul Ahsan
...on to other feeds, while protease activity was comparable among the feeds except for DT. The results suggest that formulated feed can be used as a potential substitute for live Tubifex for the early stage of larvae of stinging catfish.
Keywords | Enzyme activity, Formulated feed, Growth performance, Stinging catfish, Tubifex
...
Zhaojun Wang1, Yang Zhou2 and Xinghua Song3*
...excessive activation and protease degradation, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and promote the recovery of prognostic joint function....
Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Ehsan Ullah1, Ali Raza1 and Muhammad Asif3
...ding enzymes (cellulose, proteases, lipase, amylases, chitinase), which degrade organic substrates even after they have been secreted. Earthworms change the chemical and physical characteristics of organic substrates, over time reducing the C:N ratio, increasing the surface area exposed to bacteria, and improving the microbial degradability of organic materials. This study aims to demonstrate how organic amendments, rather than chemical fertilizers, might impr...
Hemat A. Abdel Magied*, Heba H. Habib, Amany H. Waly, Ahmed Fadl, Sayed M. Shalash
...ented pectinase (PE) and protease (CIBENZA® DP100) (P) individually or mixture (PEP) and either on low crude protein (CP) and low metabolizable energy (ME) were studied on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Arbor Acres broiler chickens. Two experiments were conducted in current study; experiments 1 (EXP1) evaluated the effects of PE and/or P supplementation to standard corn-soybean broiler diet (STD). while experiment 2 (EXP2) ...
Müge Aliye Hekimoglu and Sırma Sönmez
...t for digestive enzymes (protease, lipase, amylase), weight and length, body colour and survival rate. The image analysis method was used to determine skin colour. The chemical analysis method was used to determine the activity of enzymes. The results showed that supplementation of 2000 mg/kg of dietary significantly increased weight, length and specific growth rate (P < 0.05). While no change in colour was observed in the control group at the end of the ex...
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...econdary metabolite with protease and chitinase
activity was used as seed bacterization in green house experiments. In green house significant reduction in white
female development was observed for avermectin (84.53%) followed by B. cereus strain B48 (78.10%) as compared
to results of the untreated control treatment (P≤0.05).
...
N. Hajra
...of proteins, amino acids protease and proline. Results showed that carbon profile in plant treated with AM fungi have high to low and varied amount of carbohydrates, sucrose, glucose and total soluble sugars in different parts of the plant; amino acids and proline in nitrogen profile found in higher amount in AM treated plants....
Wuritunashun*, Burenbatu, Narenqiqige, Jiuguniang, Eerdunduleng, Shuanglian Wang, Cuiqin Gong, Hashengaowa, Huizhi Jin, Baiwurihan and Chunhaizi
....e., protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor, C4b-binding protein alpha chain, heparin cofactor 2, complement C4-A, complement C4 beta chain, vitamin K-dependent protein Z, coagulation factor VII, proteoglycan 4, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), thrombospondin-4, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis of these differentially expressed proteins revealed that they play a critical role in immune-related responses...
Fariha Javaid1*, Zahoor Qadir Samra1, Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi1,2, Aroosha Hussain1 and Gulnaz Pervaiz1
...hiol-containing cysteine protease isolated from the stem, peel, and leaf parts of Ananas comosus. Protease accounts for 60% of the total enzyme market. Being a plant-based cysteine protease, it has various pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications. The isolation and purification cost of the enzyme is highest, so there is a need to develop cost-effective purification methods. This re...
Waheed Ahmad1, Muhammad Tayyab1*, Bushra Muneer2*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Mansurud Din Ahmad3, Shagufta Saeed1, Muhammad Nauman Aftab2, Sehrish Firyal1, Muhammad Wasim1, Muhammad Azam4, Muhammad Talha5 and Ali Raza Awan1
...cy of novel thermostable protease in poultry production. The protease was produced from Geobacillus sp. SBS-4S using Luria Bertani medium and it was used as supplement in poultry feed trial. The data were statistically analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Variance. For feeding, 150 day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into 5 groups having 30 chicks each. Group A served as negative control, group B, C and D as experim...
Milena Vlahovic*, Dragana Matic, Marija Mrdakovic, Larisa Ilijin, Anja Grcic, Aleksandra Filipovic, Jelica Lazarevic and Vesna Peric-Mataruga
...ant correlations between proteases and PMM were detected at lower metal concentrations (Acute10 and Chronic10 and 30 μg Cd/g dry food). In contrast to chronic treatment, egg masses respond more uniformly by reducing PMM during the short-term effect of cadmium. Finally, we can conclude that, as an addition to biochemical and molecular research, PMM can be used for studying the cadmium effects to gain a better insight into the state of the organism under stre...
Hanaa H.A.Gomaa1, A. F. Moustafal, Kh.A.El-Dougdoug2, A.A. Abou-Zeid3 and S. Y.M. Mahmoud4
...c enzymes of amylase and protease were reduced in infected potato plants while the level of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase was increased. PVX and PVY infected potato plants contained less auxins and gibberellins, and the pattern of growth promotors and growth inhibitors was altered. Cytokinin was also inhibited as a result of virus infection. Examination of epidermal strips of infected potato plants revealed the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions. Many cyto...
Uqba Mehmood
...cids, is accomplished by proteases, in first 20 minutes of spore germination. The analysis of Spo mutants (strains which lack Sporulation (Spo) gene or have its inactive form) revealed that many of these strains did not produce extracellular proteases. Some evidence for the involvement of serine proteases in sporulation has been provided by inhibitor studies. Nevertheless variation in germ...
MARIAM AHMED, YESRA ARSHAD & HAMID MUKHTAR*
....11) is an extracellular protease having efficient ability to degrade keratin found in feathers and hair. It has various applications including leather, textile, pharmaceutical, detergent and animal feed industries. In current study, keratinolytic bacteria were isolated from the soil of poultry farm and different cultural conditions were optimized to obtain maximum enzyme yield. The isolates were initially screened by formation of zone of clearance on the skim...
Jacob Situmeang1, Lovita Adriani1*, Deny Saefulhadjar1, Safri Ishmayana2
... a probiotic, yogurt has protease and lipase enzyme activity, which can increase digestive tract enzymes in laying hens. In this study, it is hoped that probiotics can increase protein levels and reduce lipid and cholesterol levels in chicken egg yolks. This study aims to determine the activity of the protease and lipase enzymes from yogurt and the effect and level of use of probiotic powder, which can increase protein and r...
Fahad Shahzad1, Muhammad Tahir1, Abdul Hafeez2, Muhammad Shuaib2*, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair2, Abdul Jabbar3, Abubakar Sufyan4, Muhammad Aamir Khan5, Muhammad Ayaz5, Hameed Ullah5 and Hammad Ullah5
...y protein and subtilisin protease enzyme on the performance and nutrient utilization in broiler chicks. Different levels of proteins with and without subtilisin protease enzyme were evaluated on the overall performance, carcass yield, and nutrient utilization. For this purpose, 3 proteins and 2 protease levels were arranged in a 3x2 factorial design and each group was divided into 4 replic...
Umair Ahmad1*, Asad Sultan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Tahir2
... of ginger-derived phyto-protease on production performance, gut health, immunity, and nutrient digestibility of broilers fed a high level of poultry by-product meal-based (PBM) diet. A total of 320-day-old broiler birds were assigned to four dietary treatments CON, N-CON, GPP1, and GPP2. CON a commercial corn-soybean meal-based diet as per ROSS-308 nutritional specifications. N-CON was a 6.5% PBM-based diet and to this group, a ginger-derived phyto-
Siti Zubaidah1, Chusnul Hanim2, Bambang Ariyadi3, Aji Praba Baskara2*, Zuprizal2
...enzyme (200 g/tons), and protease (130 g/tons). The chemical composition included dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, ether extract (EE), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), crude fiber (CF), total energy, amino acids (AAs), and fatty acids (FAs). In this study, the chemical composition was analyzed T - test student, while AAs, FAs, and cell-wall structure was analyzed descriptively. The microstructure of PKC cell wall after in vitro digestibility was determine...
Muhammad Ardas Daruslam1, Muhammad Irfan Said2*, Nancy Lahay3
...ties such as pH (<4), protease enzyme activity (0.3835-0.4259 U/mL) and total Lactate Acid Bacteria (LAB) (5.5-6.00 log CFU/mL). The Ec-En product produced from P1 produces the best characteristics compared to other treatments. Application of P1 for 15 minutes (T1) of fermentation time was able to reduce ammonia gas in laying hen feces by (9.77-36.90 ppm).
Keywords | Ammonia, Eco-enzyme, Laying hens, Vegetable waste
...
Kh. Amber1, S.G. Kotb1, W.A. Morsy2* and W. Khalifa1
...form. Supplementation of protease enzyme in diets enhanced growth performance of broiler chickens....
Ayub Khawar1, Noor Khan1*, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Mahroze Fatima1, Fayyaz Rasool3, Khalid Mahmood Anjum4, Hamda Azmat1, Shahid Sherzada1, Anjum Khalique5, Sadia Nazir1, Sheeza Bano1, Sakhawat Ali6 and Muhammad Asghar1
Pia Amabelle M. Flores1,3, Connie Fay Komilus2, Emelyn Joy Mameloco3 and Rex Ferdinand M. Traifalgar3*
Lubna M. Abdul Kareem*, Ali B. Al-Deewan
...detect the bsmB gene for protease and lipase production. We collected 200 milk samples from various areas of Basrah. We found and confirmed Serratia marscecens in 11 (5.5%) of the 200 milk samples by growing them, staining them with gram stain, and then identifying them by PCR with specific primers and sequencing. We also used the disk diffusion method to investigate the antibiotic resistance of the isolates. The results showed that the isolated strains were s...
Rico Anggriawan1,2*, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari1, Sri Hidanah1, Muhammad Anam Al Arif1, Diyah Ayu Candra2
... as lipase, amylase, and protease, which facilitate digestion and improve metabolic processes and nutrient absorption. Additionally, probiotics secrete bacteriocins that can eliminate pathogenic bacteria, promoting a balanced microflora in the intestinal tract. This balance is crucial for strengthening poultry immunity, enhancing efficient nutrient absorption, and improving overall production efficacy. ...
Tuti Widjastuti*, Wiwin Tanwiriah, Eka Wulandari, Sekarupa Rengganis Nusantara
...he levels of amylase and protease activity; however, there was no significant effect on lipase activity. Treatment with 150 to 225 mg/kg significantly improved hematological indicators. It was concluded that 150 mg of the MFNE product could be used as a feed additive in poultry to replace Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs).
Keywords | Noni fruit, Microcapsule, Digestive, Hematology, Chicken, Metabolism
...
Aaqil Muhammad1*, Asad Sultan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Umer Sadique2
... evaluated the effect of protease and phytase in a sorghum-based diet on nutrient bioavailability and performance indices of broilers. A total of 160-day-old broiler chicks were purchased from the local hatchery and assigned to four treatment groups replicated four times with 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. There were four dietary treatments designated as control contained 100% maize-based diets without sorghum and enzyme, HDV-100+
R. Umamaheswari*, P. Prabu, M.S. Rao, B.M. Kavya and G. N. Grace
... h. Neutral and alkaline protease genes which are responsible for nematicidal action were identified in B. amyloliquefaciens IIHR BA2. Through Head space solid-phase micro extraction gas chromatography- mass spectrophotometer 52 VOCs were detected. Among the different compounds, synthetic limonene exhibited the maximum juvenile mortality followed by α-Pinene and Carvone. From the result of this study, we concluded that the release of terpenoid volatiles ...
Faturrahman1,3*, N.L. Nakadira1, N. Anjani1, B.N. Fajriah1, B.F. Suryadi1, A.A.M.N. Kasman2, T.W. Setyaningrum1
... probiotic for producing protease, amylase, lipase, and cellulase enzymes. The distribution was measured by isolating, counting, characterizing, and identifying Bacillus spp. bacteria in five segments of the digestive tract. The isolates were tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria using the paper disk method, as well as for their capacity to hydrolyze protein, amylum, lipids, and cellulose. Moreover, the degree of pathogen inhibi...
