Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Arshad Khan
S. K. Dutta, S. Roy Chowdhuri, D. Pandit and A. K. Bajpai
Rot diseases of muga host, Som (Persea bombycina) in Assam, India
...imary food plant of muga silkworm, (Antheraea assamensis Helfer) growing mainly in North Eastern region and Uttaranchal State in India. India is unique in producing the golden muga silk and has monopoly in global silk market grows up to 20-25 meters and survives for 18-20 years. Pollarding of Som plant at 6 ft height is a common practice in North Eastern region of India for controlled rearing (outdoor) of muga silkworm. It w...
Rafi Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1,*, Abdul Hafeez1, Asad Sultan1, Nazir Ahmad Khan2, Naila Chand1 and Naseer Ahmad1
...lacing soybean meal with silkworm meal on production performance, hematology and carcass traits in broilers at finisher phase. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were uttered with the step-wise i.e. 0% (D1), 25% (D2), 50% (D3), 75% (D4) and 100% (D5) replacement of soybean meal with silkworm meal in commercial broiler rations. A total of 150 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into fiftee...
Xue-yang Wang1, Shang-zhi Zhang1, Ming-hui Liu2, Dong Yu1, Yan Ma1, Dong-qiong Fei1, Hai-zhong Yu1 and Jia-ping Xu1,*
Pei-feng Yin1,2,Xiu-xiu Li1,Qi-wei Zeng3, Cheng-chen Shen1, Le Gao1 andJian-zhang Ton2,*
...pcorn infected leaves on silkworm performance. One group of silkworms was fed infected mulberry leaves and the second silkworms group was given control mulberry leaves that were infection free. Results showed that infected leaves exhibited limited toxicity to the silkworm; however, the cocoons yield found in infected group was deeply affected. Compared w...
Wang Zaigui1,*, Guo Panpan1, Ye Miao1, Sun Linghong1, Zhang Hongfu2 and Liu Chaoliang1,*
...ducted with 1500 healthy silkworm larvae. There were two treatment groups: control group, without added Bacillus subtilis, and B.subtilis group, with B. subtilis at 2.0×1010 CFU/mL added to the feed. Experimental diets were fed in three phases: 3rd instar, 4thinstar and 5th instar. Furthermore, 3 replications were maintained and 250 silkworm larvae were rea...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Palwasha Jabeen, Chand Raza, Shaukat Ali
...rvested from spiders and silkworms throughout the world. Spider silk varies in types and functions according to the gland producing them. The silk in mulberry and non-mulberrys silkworms also varies from each other. Spidroin is the protein found in spider silk while silkworm silk is made up of an inner core of fibroin and outer layer of sericin protein. After the removal of sericin, silk i...
Muhammad Zeeshan Nazar*, Ayyan Umer, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Faiz Ullah Faiz and Sikandar Hussain
... of agriculture in which silkworms, Bombyx mori (Bombycidae: Lepidoptera), are reared on wide range for commercial purpose. Silkworm is susceptible to various pathogenic diseases. Among the all bacterial diseases of B. mori, flacherie is injurious disease that is initiated by entomo-pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis var. sotto (Bts). The impact of this infectious disease is weight loss, reduction in cocoon quality ...
Gulnaz Ismaylova
...main food source for the silkworm, in 2018-2020, monitoring of existing and newly planted mulberry orchards was carried out. Orosanga japonica first recorded on Morus sp. in the Sheki-Zagatala region located in the northwest, and then in the Khachmaz region, located in the northeast of Azerbaijan. Representatives of this family have not yet been registered in Azerbaijan. Besides of mulberry, the pest was registered in 11 more plant species. The article provide...
Congfen Zhang1,Yingxiao Liu2, Linfeng He2, Fengjun Shi2, Weitang Yao2 and Xuegang Luo2,*
Ayesha Muzamil, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, Shaukat Ali, Iram Liaqat, Aamir Ali, Muhammad Summer
...l and economic traits of silkworms.
...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
...lated by fertilizing the silkworm’s diet with natural food supplements or exogenous nutrients like Amway protein, honey, bovine milk, sericin, probiotics (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Spirulina), vitamins (C and E), royal jelly, ascorbic acid, cowpea seed powder, AgNPs, secondary metabolites (phenols flavonoids, phenolic amino acids and proline) and white hen&rsquo...
Guo-dong Zhao1,2*, He-ying Qian1,2, Yi-ling Zhang1,2, Gang Li1, 2, Jian Tang1, 2 and An-ying Xu1,2*
...ext-align: justify;">The silkworm, Bombyx mori, an economically important insect, is also used as a model insect for investigation. However, pesticide exposure often causes huge economic losses to the sericulture. The fat body is an important intermediate metabolic tissue, which is involved in detoxification in insects. In this study, high-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed to investigate the gene expression differences between two
Sharon Zulfiqar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Kiran Aftab1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Rizwan Khursheed2, Somia Liaqat1 and Maimoona Kanwal1
...eters of three bivoltine silkworm races fed on local mulberry. The disease-free eggs of Chinese, Korean and Bulgarian races were obtained from Sericulture Research Laboratory, Lahore. The silkworm eggs were incubated at standard conditions. Larval rearing was maintained at standard rearing conditions of temperature (25 ± 1°C), Relative Humidity (75 ± 5 %), and photoperiod (12 light: 12 dark). The experiment...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1*, Zahid Rızwan2 and Muhammad Atıf Majeed1
Sehrish Akram1, Abida Butt1* and Shakil Ahmad Khan2
..., 4th and 5th instars of silkworm. For treatment, leaf-dipping method was used and toxicity calculated after 48h exposure to the treatment. Both chemicals showed high toxicity against all instars of silkworm. However, results indicated that imidacloprid was more toxic for silkworm larvae compared to lead. The acute toxicity of imidacloprid formulation (IMF), imidacloprid technical grade (I...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Azizullah1, Muhamamd Farooq Bhatti2, Shaukat Ali1, Muhamamd Summer1 and Farman Ahmad Chaudhary3
... instar (day 1) mulberry silkworms were divided into four groups of 20 each: namely a control and three experimental groups. Plain (untreated) mulberry leaves were offered to the control group while experimental groups were fed on the mulberry leaves treated with exogenous nutrients alone (5% sericin, 3% honey) and in combination (5% sericin + 3% honey). Results showed that the larval weight of G3 (3% honey) (134.95%) was 40.38% higher than control (96.13%). T...
Xiangjie Zhao1, Zheshi Kuang2, Jiyuan Yang2, Muhammad Bilal1 and Rongling Yang1*
...of solid-state fermented silkworm pupa as a fishmeal substitute were evaluated on the growth performance, immune organ indices, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality of Lingnan yellow broiler chickens. Lingnan yellow broilers were randomly categorized into 4 groups. The control group was fed with basal diet containing 3% fishmeal, and the treatment group 1, 2, and 3 were fed basal diet with 30%, 60%, and 100% fishmeal substituted with fermented
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti, Muhammad Summer and Ali Haidar Gormani
...d in sericulture to feed silkworms. Leaves are also used in Indian spices, poultry feed and to feed herbivores. Moreover, mulberry leaves are rich in medicinal potentials and found effective against many infections and diseases. Extract of mulberry leaves can be prepared in various solvents and contain different bioactive substances including flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. Mulberry leaves extracts have also shown significant pharmacological activities incl...
Muhammad Salman1*, Naveed Ahmed2, Mir Manzar Ud Din3, Fazli Amin4 and Arsalan Ali5
...ental stages of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) C-21 strain by feeding different mulberry varieties and its effect on their cocoon characters during spring and autumn silkworm rearing seasons 2022. The study comprised of thirty number of larvae and cocoons of Chinese C-21 strain. The parameters that were studied in the present experiment and recorded were weight of full-grown larvae (1.4-3.6 gm), length of larvae (49-67 m...
Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3
...ring conditions of three silkworm races (Chinese, Bulgarian and Pakistani) and to compare their biological and economic traits at optimum conditions. The silkworm eggs were hatched at a range of temperatures (21-30°C) and humidity levels of 75-80-% and 80-85% respectively. The silkworms hatched at optimal conditions were provided variable meals and the leaves consumption rate was calcu...
MAIMOONA KANWAL, MUBASHAR HUSSAIN*, ZAHEER ABBAS1, SHAKIL AHMAD KHAN2, FATIMA
ZAFAR & RIZWANKHURSHEED2
...nce of Bulgarian race of silkworm reared on local mulberry supplemented with vitamins(Band C) in addition to amino acids (Alanine and Glycine) was evaluated at24 - 28 ○C and 70± 5 % RH during early larval instars (1stand 2nd)and 24-28○C and 85 ± 5 % RH during last three (3rd -5th) larval instars. Early in stars were fed on chopped mulberry leaves whereas later instars were reared on mulberry leaves dipped with 10% solution...
Modelling of female Pupal body weight and fecundity of the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori l) strains
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Hakim Shah
...t. Among the nine reared silkworm strains, the mean heaviest pupa was 1.52±0.01 g of hybrid PFI 14, while the mean lightest pupa was 1.24±0.03 g of hybrid 206MKD*C-102. The mean highest fecundity was 458.1±16.9 eggs/female laid by hybrid PFI 14, while the mean lowest fecundity was 387.6±9.74 eggs/female laid by inbred 206MKD. A positive significant (p<0.05) to highly significant (p<0.01) correlation was found between the female pupal body weight an...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
... vigour of six bivoltine silkworm breeds was assessed based on eight quantitative traits. The heterosis was estimated using multiple evaluation indices (EI), mid parent heterosis (MPH), better parent heterosis (BPH), and sub-ordinate function indices (SF). The results showed highly significant (p<0.01) difference in rearing performance of inbred and hybrid breeds. Hybrid JL04xCL04 showed superior performance in the fecundity (596.50±4.03 eggs per female),...
Wali-ur-Rahman, Muhammad Khan and Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
...and pupal mortality of 6 silkworm strains of Bombyx mori L. Silkworm strains fed on the PFI-1 mulberry variety showed an increment of 9.91% and 0.936% in larval and cocoon shell weight and 3.681 and 3.0 in percent shell ratio and good cocoons and a decrease of 9.4 and 7.6 in percent larval and pupal mortality than those fed on Kanmasi mulberry variety.
The PFI-1mulberry variety, being better in all performanc...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
... two strains of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori was worked out for fecundity, egg fertility and hatchability on different textured and colored substrata. Five (05) topographically different textured papers namely, art paper (glossy), off-set (fine), flying paper (smooth), newspaper (coarse), craft paper (control) and six (06) colors, i.e. black, green, pink, white, yellow, brown (control) in smooth texture (flying paper) were evaluated. C-102 laid mean ...
Wali-ur-Rahman and Muhammad Khan
...f eggs of two strains of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Out of 6 mating durations from 1 to 6 hours, 5 hours duration was found for the maximum fecundity and 1 hour duration for the maximum fertility of eggs of Chinese and Japanese silkworm strains. Since mating durations from 1 to 6 hours are statistically non-significant therefore, 1 hour mating duration can be used for the maximum fecundity and the maximum fertility of e...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...tional rearing method on silkworm growth and economic cocoon traits was assessed. Besides, different transportation modes and means were evaluated. The results revealed that the young age larvae of C-102 strain reared under cooperative house conditions and transported by motorbike gave 5.12% (larval body weight gain), 11.34% (cocoon weight) and 12.69% (shell weight) more than conventional methods of rearing. In case of 206-PO, return of larval body weight gain...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...ere calculated for seven silkworm strains (J-99, J-101, 205-MKD, 206-MKD, 206-PO, 207-PO, 208-PO) during Spring (26±1°C, 75±5% RH) and Autumn (30±2, 80±1% RH) rearing seasons. The results revealed a significant difference among the silkworm strains for ingestibility, ECI, ECD, AD and LBWG During spring season maximum and minimum ingestibility, ECI, ECD and AD were 69 08% (J-101, 5th instar), 34.93% (2...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...coon characters of eight silkworm (Bombyx mori) strains The results revealed that different mulberry cultivation forms significantly influenced silkworm growth and cocoon characters Maximum (3 11g) per larva body weight gain, absolute body weight (3 06g) increment, daily body weight (0 23g) increment and growth rate (34 78%) was recorded on low cut while minimum body weight (1 86g) gain, absolute body weight (1 81g) i...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...
...
Wali-ur-Rehman, Meher Nigar Ashiq and Siraj-ud-Din
...(J-101) varieties of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. were investigated. The mean high humidity of 94% with the prevailing temperature of 23°C increased the larval weight by 11% each, cocoon weight by 20 and 13%, shell weight by 17 and 10%, fecundity by 8 and 11% and decreased larval mortality by 60 and 14% and pupal mortality by 16 and 62% for C-102 and J-101 respectively. The mean high temperature of 30°C with the prevailing humidity of 58% decrease...
G. A. Bajwa and M. N. Ashiq
...lacherie....
Inayat Ahmad Hafiz
...ed and fed to a Japanese silkworm
variety to study their effect on its development at
different stages especially on economic cocoon
characters. The results show that mortality of larvae
and pupae was low and the effect of PFI-1 and PFI-2 was
significant on economic cocoon characters of the
variety. The chemical analysis of these varieties showed
that protein contents of PFI-1 and PFI-2 were higher
then in Japanese hybrid and Karyansuban varieties and
...
M. N. Ashiq
...lution of pure lines of
silkworm from four hybrid populations imported from
China. Two external morphological characters as the
color and pattern of the larvae and shape of cocoon were
taken into consideration for purification of the lines.
With this method six pure lines, four of Chinese origin
and two of Japanese origin, were evolved. All these
lines were stable and bred true for the two characters.
They were all suitable for rearing in the spring se...
Abid Ali Khan
...since 1947. During 1975, silkworm rearing was carried
out on experimental scale at Miani Research Station, which is about 15 Kilometer from
Hyderabad on National High Way. The experiment was executed successfully and it was
repeated more in 1976. It showed that sericulture could be practiced beneficially in the
province of Sindh and resulted in launching of a pilot project for sericulture for a period of
seven years. The project programme was started in ...
Mir Baz Khan
... trees, the only food of silkworms.
Climatic conditions for silkworms rearing are also suitable in many parts of the province.
Silkworm rearing is therefore, carried out throughout the province where mulberry trees
plants are found in .abundance. The following sericulture centres have been established
over the years in the province....
Mian Muhammad Muslim
...abundance to support the silkworm rearing
programme. Since then it made a slow but steady progress in Punjab. Presently,
sericulture is one of the major cottage industries in rural areas of the province. The
activity is mainly concentrated around irrigated forest plantations of Changa Manga,
Daphar, Chichawatni, Kamalia, Khanewal, Bhagat, Kundian and Jauharabad. Besides it is
scattered on a small scale in various other parts of the province viz: Shakar...
Sardar Muhammad Sarwar Khan
...s changed by introducing silkworm
rearing in the specified area of Kotli District. The results were very encouraging
therefore, the development of this cottage industry was extended to other parts of the
territory....
K. M. Sadiq
...that feeding behavior of silkworm
depends on the development of maxillary palpus, and on
number of sensilla on the third segments of antennae....
M. Iqbal Ahmad and K. E. Park Dr.
...le describes the work of silkworm breeding in
Pakistan. Four new silkworm varieties were developed
from imported F1 hybrid silk seed by inbreeding and
selection to produce a F1 hybrid for commercial fearing
in Pakistan. 1,500 boxes of F1 hybrid disease free
silkworm seed was produced in 1988 and 2,100 boxes in
1989, for the first time in the country for distribution
amongst the farm...
Mehar Nigar Ashiq, Muhammad Iqbal Ahmad and Raj Muhammad
... humidity....
M. Iqbal Ahmad
...n, mulberry cultivation, silkworm rearing,
silk yarn technology, and cocoon and silk marketing. Other factors also played an
important part in this regard. These include import policy for silk seed and raw silk and
price fluctuations faced by farmers in sale of cocoons....
M. I. Sultani, Zafaruddin and Ghulam Akbar
...xotic sources....
Mian Mohammad Muslim
...I hybrid eggs (seeds) of silkworms procured from Japan and Korea, were subjected to self crossing for seven generations during 1977 to1983 at Sericulture Research Laboratory, Lahore. The pure strains of Japanese, Chinese and European races separating as a result of their segregation, were picked up on the basis of their respective racial characteristics. The pure lines of Japanese, Chinese and European races, so obtained, were given the following names....
Mohammad Iqbal and Mohammad Shadid
...onomic characters of six silkworm varieties, namely, Jam x Jam 108, Taihei x Choan, Benei x Hoka, Shuko x Ryuhaku, North Korean and local variety were studied for spring rearing at Peshawar and overall performance of Taihei x Choan was found superior....
G. M. Khattak, M. I. Sheikh and S. H. Bangesh
... and quality of feed for silkworms....
R. H. Jafri Dr., K.M. Saleem, R. Iqbal and Qaisra Fazal
...sts.
...
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