Antifungal Potential of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Brown Leaf Spot (BLS) Disease of Rice Caused by Bipolaris oryzae
Antifungal Potential of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Brown Leaf Spot (BLS) Disease of Rice Caused by Bipolaris oryzae
Hafiz Muhammad Usama Shaheen1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Hadeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Wahab1, Muhammad Faran Tahir1 and Abuzar Hasnain2
ABSTRACT
Rice is susceptible to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. Among all, brown leaf spot disease of rice caused by Bipolaris oryzae is the most devastating disease, causing potential yield losses. A number of commonly available phytoextracts were explored as potentially safer alternatives to harmful synthetic chemicals for the management of brown leaf spot of rice. For the management of BLS of rice, fourty-four phyto-extracts were screened for their potency in preventing B. oryzae under in-vitro, from where only 8 most effective phyto-extracts were further investigated at different concentrations (5, 10, and 15%) in-vitro using poisoned food technique. From in-vitro experiment, two highly effective extracts were demonstrated for their substantial response against B. oryzae under greenhouse conditions, separately and in combination by using three application methods (Preventive, Curative and after symptom appearance). Findings of contemporary study showed that, Azadirachta indica exhibited the best results in-vitro (10.29 mm) followed by Allium sativum (12.24 mm). Under greenhouse conditions, the combination of Azadirachta indica and Allium sativum expressed significant effect against BLS of rice with least disease incidence percentage (18.07%), when applied as preventive treatment. These extracts could be significant in biological management strategies for the control of BLS of rice, as indicated by the reduction in disease incidence in all experiments as compared to control treatment. The current findings may provide a way for the synthesis and exploitation of new biocontrol agents in the future.
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