Circulation of FMD serotypes SAT2 (VII-Ghb-12), O (EA-3) and A (G-IV) in cattle population in Egypt, 2018
Circulation of FMD serotypes SAT2 (VII-Ghb-12), O (EA-3) and A (G-IV) in cattle population in Egypt, 2018
Dina A. Abdulrahman1, Ayman H. EL-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shaheen1 & Hussein A. Hussein2
ABSTRACT
Background: Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the causative agent of multiple outbreaks and
severe economic losses in the cattle population since its introduction in Egypt. Although vaccination is
practiced to control the disease, it is still endemic. Moreover, emergence of new strains is possible
through the international borders of the endemic countries. Consequently, there is a dire need for
routine molecular characterization of the circulating FMDV strains to ensure the rapid detection of any
new or mutant strains and update the used vaccine accordingly.
Methods: Twelve epithelial samples were collected from cattle showing signs suspecting of FMD.
The samples were tested by real time RT-PCR using universal primers for detection of all seven
serotypes of FMDV. The positive-resulted samples were then tested using conventional PCR and pan
FMD primers. The same samples were tested again using serotype-specific primers to amplify the VP1
coding region and the products were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis.
Results: FMDV RNA was detected in eight out of the 12 samples tested using real time RT-PCR.
Conventional PCR revealed that Six of the eight samples were positive using pan FMD primers.
However, using serotype-specific primers; only four samples tested positive; two samples for serotype
O, one sample for serotype A and one sample for serotype SAT2 while two samples remained
untyped. VP1 coding region sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that serotype O strain of
this study belonged to EA-3 lineage while serotype A clustered with G-IV African strains and serotype
SAT2 virus was related to the previously-reported Egyptian strains of Ghb-12 lineage of G-VII.
Conclusion: This study reports the co-circulation of serotypes O, A and SAT2 FMDVs in Egypt
indicating the breach in the prevention and control measures. It also proves the competence of real
time RT-PCR for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of FMD in epithelial samples.
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July 2018
Vol. 4, Pages 1-71
