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Comparative Efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Levamisole and Combination of Levamisole, Oxyclozanide and Cobalt against Gastrointestinal Parasites: A Way Forward for Public (One) Health

Comparative Efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Levamisole and Combination of Levamisole, Oxyclozanide and Cobalt against Gastrointestinal Parasites: A Way Forward for Public (One) Health

Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Tariq Usman4, Bilques Bano5, Nazia Rubab6, Syed Tasadak Mehdi7, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal8, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar9, Hira Hameed10

1Federal Government, Islamabad, Pakistan
2Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
3Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
4Services and General Administration, Civil Secretariat, Government of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
5School Education Department Government of the Punjab, Pakistan
6Population Welfare Department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan
7Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan
8Massey University, New Zealand
9Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
10The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
 
Corresponding author: Muhammad Ali Raza
alirazakh@gmail.com

Figure 1:

Graph showing decrease in faecal egg count of treated groups at day 21 post treatment comparatively by various groups.

Figure 2:

Graph showing decrease in faecal egg count of treated group.

Figure 3:

Graph showing faecal egg count of infected groups at day 0 pre treatment.

Figure 4:

Graph showing decrease in faecal egg count of treated groups at day 3.

Figure 5:

Graph showing decrease in faecal egg count of treated groups at day 7.

Figure 6:

Graph showing decrease in faecal egg count of treated groups at day 14.

Figure 7:

Graph showing decrease in faecal egg count of treated groups at day 21.

Figure 8:

Graph showing percentage larval decrease of various species by group 1. 

Figure 9:

Graph showing percentage larval decrease of various species by group 2.

Figure 10:
Graph showing percentage larval decrease of various species by group 3.
Figure 11:

Graph showing average percentage decrease in larval count on day 21 as compared to day zero (0).

Punjab University Journal of Zoology

June

Vol.39, Iss. 1, Pages 01-134

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