Detection of BVDV Associated with Mortalities in Camels
Detection of BVDV Associated with Mortalities in Camels
M.R. Abd-El Wahab l, H.A. Hussein2, T.M. Asfourl and M.A. Shalaby2
ABSTRACT
BVDV was detected in tissues collected from dead camel cases using antigen capture ELISA and fluorescent antibody assay. Histopathology examination of different organs revealed changes similar to those reported with BVDV infection. The existence of BVDV in sera collected from camel population. in the area (Al-Ain city. Western area or Abu Dhabi- Emirate, UAE) where camels were found was confirmed. The antigen was confirmed using antigen capture ELISA and FA assay. Testing 356 camel sera by serum neutralization test revealed negative for the presence of serum neutralizing antibodies to BVDV. Using RT-PCR assay based on primers located at the non-translated region of BVDV genome to detect BVDV RNA in some buffy coat samples, collected from the cohoused camels in the area where dead camels were found (BVDV-positive). revealed positive results. However. genotyping of such positive samples using RT-PCR genotyping based assay revealed negative for the presence of BVDV type I, II, and border disease virus. After 3 passages of the detected positive buffy coats on MDBK cells. no CPE was detected suggesting that these viruses may be of non-cytopathic type of BVDV. The present study confirms the existence of BVDV among camel population and raises the possibility of the presence of persisting infected camels by BVDV which may cause extensive shedding of the virus among camel population resulting in severe outbreaks. Also, the study demonstrates the continuous genetic diversity of BVDV and exalts the possibility that BVDV in camel may have a distinct group varied from those reported in bovine and ovine populations.
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