Genetic Analysis of Yield and Yield Components for the Improvement of Mungbean Germplasm
Genetic Analysis of Yield and Yield Components for the Improvement of Mungbean Germplasm
Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Akram1, Jaffar Hussain1 and Fiaz Ahmad1
ABSTRACT
Mungbean is an important pulse crop and gaining popularity in the farming community of Pakistan. Improvement of mungbean germplasm for high seed yield requires information on genetic variability and correlation of traits. For this purpose, fifty eight exotic and indigenous diverse mungbean genotypes were evaluated for seed yield and other related traits. The genetic analysis of mungbean germplasm revealed high genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variability for biological yield (GCV% = 31.70, PCV% = 33.58), harvest index (GCV% = 27.80, PCV% = 30.16) and seed yield (GCV% = 25.28, PCV% = 27.54). While heritability estimates were high for all the traits except days to maturity and clusters per plant. Biological yield, harvest index and seed yield depicted high estimates of heritability (0.89, 0.85 and 0.84, respectively) coupled with greater genetic advance (61.57, 52.81 and 47.82, respectively) indicating the involvement of additive type of genes,and selection based on these traits may help to improve the germplasm. Seed yield showed positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations with clusters per plant (rg = 0.322), pods per plant (rg = 0.276), biological yield (rg = 0.470) and harvest index (rg = 0.264). These traits also showed high positive direct effects on seed yield. Hence,indirect selection for these traits may facilitate for developing high yielding genotypes. The diversity analysis categorized fifty-eight genotypes into four clusters. Clustering pattern did not show any relation to the geographic origin. Cluster-I with three genotypes (Thailand: 2; Sri Lanka: 1) and Cluster-II with seventeen genotypes (Thailand: 12, Pakistan: 3, India: 2) showed the highest values for yield and yield contributing traits. Three distant genotypes were identified;a genotype, VC3012B was found high yielding, NIMB-101 had high biological yield and number of clusters per plant and VC 3404 had high 100-seed weight. These genotypes may be used for the incorporation of genes for high seed yield, biological yield, clusters per plant and seed weight into well adapted germplasm.
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