Molecular characterization of foot and mouth disease virus (O-EA3) isolated during 2016 outbreak in Egypt
Molecular characterization of foot and mouth disease virus (O-EA3) isolated during 2016 outbreak in Egypt
Muhammad G. Khodary1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Mohamed M. Emara2, Othman E. Othman1, Hussein A. Hussein2
ABSTRACT
Background: In January 2016, several cases of clinical signs and mortalities suggested foot and mouth
disease (FMD) outbreaks among cattle and buffalo herds in Egypt. This study aimed to investigate the
contribution of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) and characterization of the circulating strains
associated with the outbreaks.
Methods: The collected samples of Oropharyngeal, oral epithelial tissue and/or vesicular fluids were
tested by real time Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for detection of
FMDV. The highly viral loaded FMDV positive samples were typed by conventional reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 6
representative samples were performed.
Results: Testing of 80 collected samples of Oropharyngeal, oral epithelial tissue and/or vesicular
fluids by real time Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) revealed 65 out of 80
FMDV positive samples (81%).Typing of the highly viral loaded FMDV positive samples (40 out of
65) by conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that all tested
samples belonged to serotype O of FMDV. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 6 representative
samples clustered the detected viruses with O topotype East Africa-3 (EA-3) viruses.
Conclusion: The newly identified 2016 viruses clustered in distinct clade in the phylogenetic tree
other than the serotype O viruses isolated in previous outbreaks in Egypt, indicating the likelihood of
new incursions into Egypt. These strains were closely related to previously characterized strains
circulating in Sudan and sub-Saharan Africa suggesting continued circulation of EA-3 topotype of
FMDV in the region.
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January 2018
Vol. 3, Iss. 1, Pages 1-77
