Optimizing Poultry Production: Nutritional Interventions, Management Practices and Diagnostic Approaches for Fatty Liver Disease in Layers
Optimizing Poultry Production: Nutritional Interventions, Management Practices and Diagnostic Approaches for Fatty Liver Disease in Layers
Bilal Javid*, Hafiz Muhammad Bilal Akhtar, Tahira Kamal and Muhammad Naeem Riaz
A suspected case of fatty liver disease. Color of liver changed from normal to pale-yellow. Accumulation of excessive fat is also indicating fatty liver disease (Postmortem examination was observed at local layer poultry farm at Lodhran, Punjab Pakistan).
Microscopic examination of normal poultry liver (Image courtesy Dr. Yuko Sato).
Microscopic examination of poultry liver effected with FLD (fatty Liver Disease). Hepatocytes are distended with fat vacuoles ((Image courtesy Dr. Yuko Sato).
Demonstrates the most important risk factors of FLD (Fatty Liver Disease) in Poultry. Other factors may also be involved, but the most important factor is Nutrition.
Demonstrates the interference of free fatty acids with AMPK signaling pathway (Huang et al., 2022).
Demonstrates the onset of metabolic disease (FLD) due to deficiencies of important nutrients in poultry feed. Due to continuous ingestion of deficient feed, poultry birds are prone to this disease. (Huang et al., 2022)
