Phytochemical Screening of Neem and Black Pepper for Bioefficacy against Insect Pests of Okra and Potato
Phytochemical Screening of Neem and Black Pepper for Bioefficacy against Insect Pests of Okra and Potato
Bushra Baig and Saeeda Yousaf*
ABSTRACT
The efficacy of botanical insecticides i.e. Neem and Black pepper were evaluated against the insect pests (whitefly and aphid).The methanolic extracts of Black pepper and Neem were analyzed for identification of phytochemicals by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The result showed that Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins, Terpenoids and Phenolic compounds were found both in Black pepper and Neem.Quantitative analysis indicated 21 active componentsin Black pepper which were dominated byCaryophyllene (32.3%), Delta-3-carene (18.7%) and Cinene(15.5%). Neem showed 17 active components, among them Beta-Pinene (14.8%), Delta-Elemene (14.4%) and Palmitic acid (13.2%) were dominant. The mix-biopesticide of Black pepper and Neem in comparison to their individual impact showed the highest insecticidal efficacy against whitefly and aphids. The plots sprayed with mix-biopesticide showed the highest yield of okra and potato crops along with a healthier plant growth. The highest yield of Okra (52 kg) and Potato (272 kg)and their plant growth was recorded in plots sprayed with mix-biopesticides. It is concluded that biopesticide from these two plants could be utilized for their efficacy against various pests of okra and potato. Keeping the environmentally friendly nature of these biopesticide, compared to synthetic pesticides, it is recommended that more research be directed for assessment of more active compounds that could act as potential candidates for biopesticide. The objective of the study was to find the bioactive compounds in plant extracts of Neem and Black pepper and their effectiveness against reduction in number of whitefly and aphids.
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