Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals from Irrigation Water – Case Study of Hayatabad Peshawar
Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals from Irrigation Water – Case Study of Hayatabad Peshawar
Noor Muhammad Khan1,2, Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,3*, Rashid Rehan2 and Iftikhar Zeb4
ABSTRACT
This research study was focused on investigating the heavy metals (HM) concentration in the effluents generated from the Hayatabad Industrial Estate and the phytoremediation capabilities of two locally available plant species Arundo donax (A.d) and Typha latifolia (T.l) for removing HM from the untreated wastewater of Hayatabad Peshawar used for irrigation downstream. The wastewater analysis showed that HM concentration exceeds the limits of thresholds values. For phytoremediation the T.l was tested in both on-site (in-situ) and laboratory conditions (ex-situ) while A.d was applied only in an ex-situ setup. For T.l, the average uptake of copper (Cu) was 5.40 and 6.46 mg kg-1, similarly for the lead (Pb) average uptake was 4.55 and 4.55mg kg-1, while for nickel (Ni) the average uptake was, 2.80 and 2.76 mg kg-1 in ex-situ and in-situ plantation respectively. Whereas for A.d. the HM uptake was 3.22, 2.27, and 1.49 mg kg-1for Cu, Pb, and Ni, respectively in ex-situ plantation. The uptake of Chromium (Cr) and Cadmium (Cd) was insignificant due to their low concentration in wastewater. The T.l had the average removal efficiency for Pb, Ni, and Cu in the order of 36.9%, 27.3%, and 22.9%, while for A.d it was 33.3%, 33.1%, and 24.5%, respectively. The T.l showed better results when compared with the A.d for HM recovery from wastewater. Both the species has aided advantage for translocation of HM off the treatment site as the biomass has usage in the local market.
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