Prospective Roles and Mechanisms of Caffeic Acid in Counter Plant Stress: A Mini Review
Prospective Roles and Mechanisms of Caffeic Acid in Counter Plant Stress: A Mini Review
Umair Riaz1*, Muhammad Ali Kharal2, Ghulam Murtaza3, Qamar uz Zaman4, Sana Javaid4, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Humera Aziz3 and Zafar Abbas1
Figure 1
Chemical classification of phenolic compounds.
Figure 2
Chemical structure of the main cinnamic acids. Cinnamic acid R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 =H, o-coumaric acid: R2 = OH, p -coumaric acid: R3 = OH; caffeic acid: R2 = R3 = OH; ferulic acid: R2 = OCH3 and R3 = OH.
March 2019
Vol. 32, Iss. 1, Pages 1-217
