Diseases of Sweet Basil (A Review)
Diseases of Sweet Basil (A Review)
Khial Badshah and Zakaullah
ABSTRACT
Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), a member of Labiatae, is probably a native of India and Africa. It is well-known for its aromatic qualities and use in condiments. The seed yields golden yellow essential oil which is employed in perfumery and various beverages. Cultivation of the crop is being tried at Peshawar. The literature on the diseases of the crop was. therefore, reviewed.
Kvarts Khava (1958) carried out studies on the infectious wilting (Fusariosis) in basil. The plants in the nursery were found severely attacked by a species of Fusarium causing longitudinal stripes on the stem and chlorotic spots on leaves which wilt and fall prematuiely. The pathogen was found to invade the plants through injured roots. Plant debris, infected young transplanting mateiial and seeds served as source of infection. The pathogen proved specific to Ocimum spp.
Vergouskii (1958) studied some peculiarities in the development of Fusariosis in basil. The high temperature at which basil seedlings were forced was found mainly responsible for the extensive spread of Fusariosis (Fasarium sp.) in nurseries. It was concluded that the temperature of the nursery soil should not exceed 20°C and basil must not be grown for more than one year in the same field. Thorough eradication of the diseased plants was also recommended.
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