Asif ullah Khan*, Faizan Ullah*, Sultan Mehmood*, Muhammad Irshad* and Farhat Ullah Khan**
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF L. PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS
...re its introduction into agroforestry systems. During present investigation, allelopathic potential of leaf aqueous extract was investigated on seed germination and seedling development of L. Extracts were applied at 25%, 20%, 15%, 10% and 5% as seed soaking for 8 hours prior to sowing. Phenolics compounds were found in aqueous extracts and were higher in 25% extract (52.72 mg gallic acid eq. / gm of extract). Higher concentration of the extract (25%) signific...
Najmul Saqib* and Himayathullah Khan
...ral areas are practicing agroforestry to generate their livelihood. To conduct this study, two distracts namely Mardan and Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan was purposively selected. In district Mardan, agroforestry is practiced as boundary line plantations; while in Swat intercropping is more common characteristics. A total of 390 households involved in agroforestry practices were inte...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1, Ehtesham Ul Haq1, Faheem Abbas1 and Muhammad Saqib Raza Shah1
...he field is our focus in agroforestry. To quantify its severity, the phytotoxic impact of popular (Populus deltoides L.) leaves aqueous extract was determined in cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench. Response of aqueous leaves extract was assessed through various agronomic and physiological parameters includi...
Seasonal Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Birds in Agricultural Landscapes of Gujrat, Pakistan
Muhammad Umar1*, Mubashar Hussain1 and David C. Lee2
...sity and distribution of agroforestry, urban croplands and rural croplands of Gujrat, Pakistan from April 2017 to March 2019. We randomly positioned three one km transects > 500 m apart at each sampling point in all three study sites. We conducted both morning (0500-0800 hours) and afternoon (1600-1900 hours) surveys, recording all birds seen or heard along transects to a maximum perpendicular distance of 50 m; 0.1 km2 surveyed per transect. In total, we re...
Lawrence Olusola Oparinde1*, Adewale Isaac Olutumise2,3 and Ademola Adegoroye4
... justify;">Variations in agroforestry technology adoption and level of income inequality across genders have not been given adequate attention in the literature. Hence, this study examined the effect of agroforestry technology adoption on income inequality among the gender of arable crop farmers in Southwest, Nigeria. A multistage selection process was employed to pick 450 arable crop farmers. The collected data were analyze...
Julio Adolfo Corzo-Bacallao1*, Carlos Alfredo Salas-Macías1, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez2,3, Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos1, Erika Isabel Alcívar-Muñoz1 and Henry Fabricio Baque-Loor1
...ily agriculture, with an agroforestry system with coffee trees of the Sarchimor variety planted at 1.5 x 1.5 m, interspersed with tree species typical of the dry forest. The system involves manual weed control, without fertilization, irrigation, phytosanitary control, or shade regulation. In this scenario, and during an experimental period of 90 days (03/08/2022 - 26/10/2022), phenological variables of coffee trees maintained in a study area of 50 x 50 m at a ...
Ali Nawaz, Qazi Bilal, Anwar Ali*, Nowsherwan Zarif, Faizan Ahmad, Asim Karim and Atif Majeed
...Eastern Cottonwood based agroforestry system. The current economic review of Populus deltoides shows that average net return and average net present value are 11121USD ha-1, INR. 793,579 ha-1 with benefit cost ratio of 2.45. The land expectation value and internal rate of return were found 9570USD ha-1 and 11121USD ha-1, with an internal rate of return 52 % ha-1. The review concluded that the potential of poplar (Populus deltoides) based ...
Basheer Ahmad, Nowsherwan Zarif, Saif Ullah Khan, Salman Ahmad and Anwar Ali*
... trees on private lands, agroforestry enables pure rights of timber resources and, when well-managed, can significantly enhance agriculture and mitigate wood shortages. Despite concentrated efforts to familiarize and encourage innovative agri-forestry practices in Pakistan, the achievement of such initiatives is influenced by various factors. This paper examines the current limitations to agri forestry promotion in the country, which include attitudes of exten...
Manahil Wahab1 and Anwar Ali2
Salman Ahmad1, Anwar Ali1, Basheer Ahmad1, Nowsherwan Zarif1* and Saif Ullah Khan1
...ul promotion. To improve agroforestry in Pakistan, corrective steps to simplify the current systems and develop long-term sustainable methods and methodologies are recommended. This study was conducted in District Malakand to learn the effects of agroforestry practices on farmers and the significant reasons for planting as well as the primary advantages obtained from agroforestry in order ...
Muhammad Umair1, Nowsherwan Zarif1*, Zahid Rauf1, Anwar Ali1, Ghayyas Ahmed1, Basheer Ahmed1, Salman Ahmad1 and Saifullah1
...ely practiced today. The agroforestry system demonstrates how several environment pairs can be used simultaneously by combining native and introduced species. In this study, we evaluate the potential of agroforestry in the district of Bhakkar to maximize a variety of socioeconomic benefits. According to the findings of the study farmers were generally supportive of intercropping and border cropping. Most farmers regarded
Syed Farooq Shah1, Nowsherwan Zarif1*, Zahid Rauf1, Anwar Ali1, Ghayyas Ahmed1, Basheer Ahmed1, Salman Ahmad1 and Saifullah1
...n urgent need to develop agroforestry across the province. This will increase agricultural revenue, reduce land degradation, raise agro-biodiversity, and increase carbon stocks in farming systems. The Peshawar area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan underwent a survey of farm households to study the factors that affect the potential of agroforestry and the challenges that farmers confront in implementing it. The opportunity t...
Afra Siab1, Saif Ullah Khan1, Anwar Ali1, Nowsherwan Zarif1, Basheer Ahmad1, Salman Ahmad1
...e comprehensive study of agroforestry both primary and secondary data were obtained. Major portion of secondary data was obtained from Census Report (2017) of district Bannu. Primary data were collected by a well-designed questionnaire, which was developed by keeping in view of the purpose of study. For this purpose, both close-ended and open-ended questions were prepared and key farmers were interviewed. The study was conducted for the purpose to explore the ...
Muhammad Rayyan1, Basheer Ahmad1, Anwar Ali1, Nowsherwan Zarif1*, Saif Ullah1 Khan and Salman Ahmad1
...f global overpopulation, agroforestry has the potential to help sustain agriculture, livelihoods, ecology, and food security. It is, however, difficult to implement sustainable agroforestry practices because it is necessary to understand the characteristics and perceptions of farmers. It is complex but crucial to anticipate and analyze these aspects. The aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting farmers especiall...
Muhammad Bilal Zia and Muhammad Tahir Laeeq
...ion in afforestation and agroforestry programmes. A trial comprising four Paulownia species was conducted at the Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, to asses the genetic variability based on growth parameters. These parameters such as tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and survival were assessed after one and two years of plantation. The results showed highly significant differences in the tested traits among the four species. Paulownia catalpifo...
Anwar Ali, Ayaz Khan and Hakim Shah
...However, the adoption of agroforestry practices are slow in the province due to several reasons. Farmers' attitude and perception, small landholdings, land tenure system, limited marketing opportunities and shortage of planting material are the main reasons for slow adoption of agroforestry practices in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. There is an urgent need to promote agroforestry in the province...
Rahim Muhammad Akmal Syed1, Hasnain Shahida2, Mamoona Wali Muhammad3 and Jabeen Farkhanda4
...Pakistan with regards to agroforestry. A comparison of the characteristics of soils taken from various farm plantations necessitated a prior evaluation of their a prior evaluation of their particle size, pH, organic matter and other soluble ions as well as their composition in order to ascertain whether the soils were texturally along with nitrogen and phosphorous in order to ascertain whether the soils were similar or not. In case of
Hasanuzzaman, Md., H. Mahmood, H.L. Sharif and Md. N. Islam
...reater consideration for agroforestry applications for its multiple uses, tolerance to light, frosts and long dry seasons. Nutrients (P, K and Na) leaching from leaf litter of D. sissoo were studied in the laboratory. About 20% of initial weight of leaf litter was lost, while conductivity and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) of leached water increased to 239 µS/cm and 114 mg/l, respectively and pH decreased to 5.81 after 96 hours. Weight loss (%) of leaf...
Altaf Hussain and Raja Muhammad Zarif
...for commercial forestry, agroforestry, erosion control and landscaping. Pakistan has a long history of introduction of foreign plant and animal species The main objective of introduction of exotic forest tree species was to fill the gap between supply and demand of timber, fuel-wood and fodder. Out of 700 alien species 2 forest tree species viz Broussonetia papyrifera, and Prosopis juliflora were recognized as high impact invasive. Eucalyptus ...
Aman Ullah Bhatti, Shamsher Ali and Farmanullah Khan
Mamoona Wali Muhammad and Asad Ali
...ole of
women and men in agroforestry practices of district
Attock. The results of the study indicate that both the
genders were involved in agroforestry practices.
However, males hesitate to accept female participation
in the activities. Contrary to the 17% male, 54% of the
female respondents confirmed their participation in
agroforestry works....
Muhammad Afzal and Malik Muhammad Khan
...forest or by introducing agroforestry on farmlands and improving the productivity of agroforestry practices. This paper highlights the possibility of increasing forest production along with agriculture production about 40% per unit area....
Muhammad Afzal and Muhammad Hafeez
...he immediate adoption of agroforestry
(Rashid & Hafeez, 1991)....
Fauzia Balqis Malik and Bashir Hussain Shah
...ree-crop combination for agroforestry systems to make up the deficiency of trees in the country. In the current work allelopathic effect of three species of Eucalyptus namely Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus citriodora and Eucalyptus terticornis on tow legume vegetables, Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris was investigated. There is no significant inhibitory effect due to allelochemicals on various growth parameters including yield (w...
Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry and Jehangir Ghauri
...the various species in
agroforestry programme, Eucalyptus has
established itself as a tree most suitable for
Agroforestry, as it can grow on a variety of soils
under various climatic conditions. It has desirable
qualities, such as fast rate of growth, clean straight
bole, thin crown, ornamental value and less shade
casting. Besides that, it has multiple uses i.e.
poles, pulp, fuel, charcoal, fiber board, chipboard ...
Maqsood Ahmed and Noor Mohammad
...tial and limitations of
agroforestry for improving animal production and soil
fertility are discussed. Agroforestry is reputed to
incorporate essential components of sustainability and
self-sufficiency into some agricultural systems.
Evidence is given that agroforestry, by providing shade
is pastoral systems, thereby reduces heat stress in
livestock and increases animal performance ...
Sahibzada M. Hafeez and M. Hafeezullah
Raja Atta Ullah Khan
... any
afforestation and agroforestry programme cannot
be over-emphasized because planting stock is the
basic and most important ingredient of tree
plantation. Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) is the most
important multipurpose tree species in Punjab
which is extensively cultivated on public as well as
private lands. It is propagated with root shoot
cuttings. Prevailing technique of raising of shisham
nursery consists of broadcasting sowing of shisha...
Bashir Hussain Shah
...t Kharian to develop an
agroforestry system by using water harvestging system in
semiarid zone. Twop slope lengths: 4m and 5 m and three
slope gradients: 7%, 10% and 15% of roaded catchments
were tested for finding out optimum slope length and
gradient for water resource development to increase crop
and wood production. Results of the study showed that
four meter slope length with 7% gradient are more
effective in increasing the runoff and are economic...
1. Peter Posehan; 2. W. Budd, et al.; 3. John C. Gordon & William R. Bentley
Fazli Subhan
... analyses of shelterbelt agroforestry system
are compared for some regions in Pakistan. The study
reveals that shelterbelts, though they may be
competitive in biological terms, are supplementary in
financial terms. The net present value analyses found
wheat and sugarcane fields with poplar windbreak to be
financially sound in the Peshawar valley of N.W.F.P.
Similarly, the agroforestry options wheat sheltered by
rows ...
Malik Muhammad Khan and David R. Betters
...esult show that applying agroforestry
practices can increase overall farm production and
income. Applying the economic analyses approach
discussed here coupled with sound policy and extension
activities should help promote the acceptance of
agroforestry....
Muhammad Ikram Ullah Malik1*, Aamir Saleem1, Lubna Ansari1 and Arshad Mahmood Malik2
...y was to assess how well agroforestry systems enhance livelihoods by generating more money. This was one of a few studies on the use of agroforestry for livelihood and its importance to human welfare. The work was carried out to evaluate the agro-silvopastoral system as compared to the conventional agricultural crops. An area of one acre (8 kanals) was taken for practicing this model. 3 kanals were used for the plantation of...
Kashif Haleem, Basheer Ahmad, Muhammad Rayyan, Nowsherwan Zarif, Saif Ullah Khan, Salman Ahmad and Anwar Ali*
...espondents reported that agroforestry increases milk sales, while 38.75% stated it reduces milk sales due to competition between poplars and agricultural crops for water, resulting in less fodder and reduced livestock sales. To improve the situation, better coordination between forest authorities and local farmers is necessary. Forest authorities should address misconceptions about agroforestry, educate farmers on the benefi...
Jessenia Castro-Olaya1, Dorys T. Chirinos1* and Takumasa Kondo2
...e, Ecuador. Two farms in agroforestry (AF) and monoculture system (MF) were selected in three areas: Lodana (LAF and LMF), Pachinche (PAF and PMF) and Santa Ana (SAAF and SAMF). Diversity, abundance, and IndVAl were estimated as well as its correlation with climate variables. A total of 8,372 scolytines separated into 14 taxa within nine genera were observed. Scolytine diversity was low in all the agroecosystems, due to high dominance of Hypothenemus sp...
Muhammad Zamin1*, Fazli Rabbi2, Hamayoon Khan3, Muhammad Zahid1, Raheel Saqib4, Shafi Ullah5 and Muhammad Shakur6
...e 3% farmers use various agroforestry as measures to cope with changing climate. The study results indicate that significant variations occurred in certain climate factors such as temperature and rainfall which have adverse effects on crop productivity. Thus, it is advised to design agriculture policy which should be based on local data and strengthening of farmers capacity and facilitating them for mitigating the impact of future climate change on local far...
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Measurement of Allocative Efficiency in Tomato Production and its Determinants: Evidence from District Bajaur- Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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