John Martin Fischer
...dom that grounds robust, desert-based moral responsibility, I find that (surprisingly) our views don’t really differ that much from each other. It might seem that our views are miles apart; but upon reflection, it turns out that they are very close, and with the intelligent and patient help of Pereboom, one can see the great appeal of his approach to a whole range of interrelated issues. I’m not going to mince words: this book is a masterful and ...
Derk Pereboom
...a key condition on basic desert moral responsibility (the notion of moral responsibility I will assume in this discussion of manipulation arguments) is the absence of intentional manipulation or causal determination (Lycan 2007, Feltz 2013, Murray and Lombrozo forthcoming). This is not the line Fischer takes. In the response he proposes, intentional causal determination is compatible with moral responsibility in Case 2, that is, in what he calls an initial des...
Amjad Islam Aqib1, Muhammad Ijaz1,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Riaz Hussain3, Saba Sana2, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Kashif Hussain1 and Syed Saleem Ahmad1
...;">Camels from Cholistan desert of Pakistan were studied for Staphylococcus aureus mastitis infection, associated risk factors and subsequently their antimicrobial susceptibility.The milk samples were screened with surf field mastitis test and furthered to biochemical analysis. Pearson’ Chi-square test at nighty five percent confidence interval was used to analyze the collected data. Antibiotic sensitivity was checked with twenty four antibiotics ...
Viram Kumar1,*, Moolchand Malhi1, Saeed Ahmed Soomro1, Toufique Ahmed Qureshi2, Muhammad Nawaz Sanjrani3 and Khushal Das Malhi1
... cristatus) of Thar (desert) region in the Sindh province of Pakistan. A total of 60 blood samples were collected from peafowl (30 males and 30 female) in months of March and April, 2015. The gender difference showed that RBC, MCV and MCH concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) and the serum total protein and Mg concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in male compared to female peafowl. In conclusion, the present study provides...
Sumaira Zareen1, Syeda Sadaf Zahra2, Ayeza Mehmood3, Muhammad Asadullah4* and Aish Muhammad5
...ns L. from Cholistan desert in Pakistan. Nodal segments from healthy grown plants were used as explants and cultured on standard Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of benzyl amino purine (BAP) or kinetin for shoot induction and Indole acetic acid (IAA) for primary shoot and Indole Butyric acid (IBA) for root proliferation. Best shoot proliferation (4.48 per explant) was observed in MS medium containi...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF CAMEL PRODUCTS IN SEMIDESERT AND DESERT AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...mel products in the semi-desert and desert areas of Pakistan. It is based on cross-sectional data collected through simple random sampling technique in April, 2011 from 220 camel farmers and 17 market intermediaries. It is found that both camel farmers and market intermediaries were less educated. It is observed that markets for camel milk, meat, hides and hair are less established in semi desert
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
ECONOMICS OF COW MILK PRODUCTION IN SINDH AND AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR
...m. While, in coastal and desert areas of Sindh, and mountainous - AJK wheat straw is the major cost item and shares more than half of the total feeding costs per annum (51 - 58 %). Mean milk productions per lactation of Red-Sindhi breed were 1845 lit and 1590 lit in the irrigated and coastal areas of Sindh, respectively. Productivity of Thari breed in desert areas of Sindh and that of non-descript cow breed in AJK was 1411 l...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
MARKETING SYSTEM OF LIVE CAMELS IN THE DESERT ECOLOGIES OF PAKISTAN
...em of live camels in the desert ecologies of Pakistan. Out of 220 camel farmers that were randomly interviewed for the study, during past one year sale of live camels was reported by more than half of the camel farmers. On an average two camels per farm mainly to meet urgent family cash needs. Mean ages of adult males, milking and non-milking females, male and female young stocks at the time of sale were 8.3, 10.8, 12.3, 1.8 and 2.3 years, respectively, with a...
Humaira Jabeen and Nazia Jamil*
...s were isolated from the desert and urban soil samples. A total of 39 strains isolated from Cholistan near Bahawalpur and 24 strains were isolated from various areas of Lahore. Bacterial strains were screened for the production and accumulation of bio-plastic. Only three strains from urban soil sample were able to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Strain Acinetobacter seohaensis produced 40.6% bio-plastic when supplemented with coconut oil. This perc...
Nimra Naseer, Adeela Fatima and Imran Sajid*
Phong Huy Pham
Nesting biology of a spider wasp Auplopus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in Vietnam
...r on the foundation of a desert house. The nest was constructed with a single row or two rows of 3 - 6 exposed mud cells, one of which was open. Each closured cell was provisioned with a single prey spider whose legs were amputated. The prey spiders were immatures of a species of the genus Heteropoda, family Sparassidae. Developmental time of egg, larva, pre-pupa, pupa, and pre-adult was 6 - 7, 13 - 14, 5 - 7, 41 - 43, and 3 - 4 days, respectively. The duratio...
Mohammad Salim1, Arshad Javid2*, Ali Hussain2, Faiz-ur-Rahman3, Hamidullah4
First provincial record of desert yellow bat Scotoecus pallidus (Dobson, 1876) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...unkhwa (KPK). Twenty two desert yellow bat (Scotoecus pallidus) specimens were captured using mist and hand nets. The morphological features of the captured specimens were compared with available literature. This paper documents first record of S. pallidus from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa....
Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Avais1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Memoona Chaudhary2, Riaz Hussain3, Amjad Islam Aqib1, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Muhammad Luqman Sohail5,*, Madiha Khan6, Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Mehtab Ahmad7, Muhammad Sajid Hasni2, Imran Qaiser8, Ghazanfar Rashid1, Ikramul Haq1 and Ikramullah Khan8
...an viz. Cholistan desert and Suleiman mountain range. A total of 768 lactating she-camels were screened for subclinical mastitis using California mastitis test (CMT). A preformed questionnaire was used to obtain data for the potential risk factors. Results showed an overall prevalence of 47.14% for subclinical mastitis. Statistical analysis revealed non-significant (P>0.05) difference between Cholistan desert
Saeed Ullah1, Muhammad Israr1*, Shakeel Ahmad2, Nafees Ahmad3 and Asif Yaseen4
...lty in farming, drought, desertification, increased the necessity for fertilizers, loss in livestock production, migration, poverty and economic backwardness. High land degradation was perceived by the farmers and having positive association with the socio-economic influences. There is a need for awareness about the different land management and conservation practices coupled with different socio-economic sector-specific interventions in order to reduce the LD...
Ahmed Ali Samejo* and Riffat Sultana*
...phometry of immatures of desert locust in relation to gaining of body length and weight at each consecutive stage was carried out for the purpose of investigating the role of immatures in destruction of plants in Thar Desert, Sindh. Hatchlings of solitarious S.gregaria were light green at the time of emergence, but turned over to black with yellow strips after two hours of hatching, when they were placed in crowded co...
Mounir R. Abi-Said1, Mohammad Al Zein2, Mohammad A. Abu Baker3 and Zuhair S. Amr3,4*
...i>Rattus rattus, and desert jirds dominating the remains. The results suggested that the Desert Eagle Owl in the arid ecosystem in eastern Saudi Arabia is a highly selective feeder, hunting 1–5 prey items per day (mean±SD 1.77±0.96) mostly from ground-dwelling native and invasive rodents. Prey selection within this human-influenced area likely influenced by the availability and abundance of species an...
Asim Faraz1,*, Abdul Waheed1, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel2 and Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1
... and composition in Thal desert. With an average milk yield of 7.38 liter under traditional management, Barela camel appears as a camel breed with a good dairy potential. Moreover, according to its gross composition (fat, protein, lactose, SNF and total solids percentages being 4.26, 3.62, 4.84, 9.02 and 13.28, respectively), Barela milk appears particularly rich compared to literature data. A long term monitoring, notably throughout the lactation, could be a ...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli3, Allah Jurio Khaskheli2 and Arshad Ali Khaskheli1
...the area of Mithi (sandy desert zone), Tando Allahyar (irrigated zone) and Thatta (coastal mangroves zone) of Sindh province. The attributes like major nutrients (moisture, dry matter, total organic matter, inorganic/mineral matter (ash), ether extract, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract and total carbohydrate contents) were included. Comprehensive survey indicated year round availability of 19 different vegetations at study areas whereby dry ma...
Asim Faraz*
...ent system (EMS) in Thal desert, Punjab Pakistan. Twelve male and female calves were divided into two comparable groups of six each containing three males and three females. The first group calves were fed concentrate @ 1 kg/h/d plus crop residues of gram (Cicer arientinum) ad libitum while in second group calves were allowed grazing/browsing for 10 h daily along with household refusals. Twice watering was provided. Fortnightly weighing of calves...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*, Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*, Mubashir Ahmad Malik1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Ali3, Ejaz Ahmad1, Muhammad Tahir2 and Muhammad Ashraf2
... large swarms forming of desert locusts found in different regions of the world. In early 2020, in Pakistan, huge swarm of desert locust infestation was observed in different provinces of Pakistan. Precise and correct identification of any pest is very important to start a proper control strategy against it. The current study was conducted to identify and characterize locust species and to determine their association with ot...
Nadeem Abbas Shah1*, Ejaz Ashraf1, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Zaheer ud Din Mirani3, Usman Rafique1 and Raees Abbas Shah4
Assessing Perceptions of the Households-heads Regarding Food Security Status in Drought-hit Areas of District Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan: A Case Study for Agricultural Extension
...Tharparkar, (the largest desert area not only in Pakistan but also in the South Asian region) is considered at the front line district in the country about food insecurity and malnourishment. The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of the respondents for ongoing food security status in the district of Tharparkar, Sindh-Pakistan and to highlight the role of extension service delivery organizations in the area. District Tharparkar is the most vul...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Ayman Balla Mustafa2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5
...as as pastoral system in desert ecosystem of Pakistan. Due to the urbanization, this husbandry system is changed and the cameleers are moving towards urban/peri-urban areas of arid and semi-arid environment. This study was planned to check its production potential in extensive management system (EMS) and semi-intensive management system (SIMS). The mean milk yield and range of Marecha she-camel was found to be 5.6±0.3, 6.1±0.2 and 3-8, 5-9 kg und...
Ehsan Kashani1, Hamid Reza Rezaei2*, Morteza Naderi3 and Nematolah Khorasani4
...tion biologists. Central deserts and steppes of Iran host a different kind of insectivores like hedgehogs; however, their ecology and genetic properties are rarely documented. For species of hedgehogs that are included in the subfamily Erinaceinae, at least four known species are listed for Iran. Brandt’s (Paraechinus hypomelas) and Long-eared (Hemiechinus auritus) hedgehogs were two candidates in which we tried to investigate their molecul...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Jahangir Shah1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Sami Ullah2,3, Hera Gul4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Zeshan6
...ithstand vagaries of the desert environment. By realizing the economic importance of this high-value desert plant, a pioneer study on seed germination response to various agro-climatic factors was conducted at the Arid Zone Research Institute Bahawalpur. Healthy jojoba seeds were sown at the fortnightly intervals by dividing the whole year into 16 treatments to identify the optimum sowing time for the Cholistan
Eman Khalifa1*, Riad Khalil2 and Haitham Elaadli3
...arms in Cairo-Alexandria desert road in the north part of the Egypt and subjected to bacteriological and molecular examination for M. bovis followed by their antibiogram profile. Seven (7%) isolates were identified as M. bovis from totally examined 100 milk samplesand isolated M. bovis showed resistance to ciprofloxacin; gentamycin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim while were intermediate sensitive to both of erythromycin and norfloxacin ...
J.Y. Bai1,*, R.T.D. Wu2,*, Q. Zhang2, D. Bao2, L.M. Dao2 and X.H. Tian3
...etic distance of Alashan desert Bactrian camel, Alashan Gobi Bactrian camel, Sunite Bactrian camel and Qinghai Bactrian camel.The results indicated that the number of effective alleles of the four Bactrian camel varieties ranged from 2.7302 to 3.0524, and average theoretical heterozygosity and average polymorphic information content were 0.6283 and 0.5546, respectively. Observational heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content o...
Hanaa H. A. Gomaa1; Entsar A. A. Nassar2; K. A. El-Dougdoug3
...L.) grow in the Egyptian desert. These are important plants used for treatment of various liver diseases. All the studied genetic parameters showed variations among milk thistle and parent varieties (plant height, main branch, total branches, head flower, fruit yield per plant). Concentration and yield amount of seven detected silymarin compounds using HPLC showed wide variations among varieties. They ranged from 9.2 to 34.78 mg/g fruits or 450.25 to 1250.25 m...
Muhammad Madni Afzal1*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Amer Habib1, Waqas Ashraf2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3, Muhammad Raheel2 and Qaiser Shakeel2
...e fungicidal efficacy of desert plant extracts against basal rot of onion in the laboratory, greenhouse and field. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for in-vitro study and randomized complete block design (RCBD) for greenhouse and field experiments. Three desert plants i.e. Gossypium thurberi, Calotropis procera and Suaeda fruticose were used at 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm concentrations. Maximum basal rot disease ...
Aftab Raza Khan1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Javed Iqbal3, Arif Muhammad Khan4, Zeshan Hassan2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2 and Umbreen Shahzad2
...ificantly reduced in the desert ecosystem of Bhakkar (Punjab) Pakistan. The study was conducted to study the population ecology and breeding biology in relation to feeding habits of grey francolin in 16 different stands in Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan. The line transect data suggested grey francolin presence in 15 out of 16 stands (93.75%). An average density of grey francolins 13.01±6.39/km2 varying between 0.30±0.23 and 1.97±0.65...
Ayman Balla Mustafa1, Abdalla Elgenaidi1, Aldukali Alkeskas1, Asim Faraz2,*, Ahmed Eisa Elhag3, Mohanad Bashari4 and Bernard Faye5
...le in human nutrition in desert and semi-desert regions; this milk provides the man with all essential nutrients in addition to its medicinal properties. A study was conducted to determine the impact of parity order on nutrition values of camel milk overall four months postpartum under modern system. Eight she-camels were selected immediately after calving and assigned to two equal groups, early lactation (GY) and mid lactat...
Irshad Ahmad1,2*
...nce ancient times in the desert areas of the world comprising the Southwest Asia, North Africa besides Mexico, Australia, South America, and United States. A number of insect pests including red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier) that is a devastating insect attacking palm trees. It is very difficult to control as its entire lifecycle is hidden inside the host trunk. To overcome this pest, integrated pest management program (IPM) strategy can be a...
Mohamed Ali Zayed
...aslon Pro";">In the desert and semi-desert lands, livestock usually drinks lowly or marginal quality water. Irregularly as water is excessive in salt, which could reason physiological dissatisfied or maybe a death in farm animals. Three major muscles Triceps Brachii (TB), Longsimus Dorssi (LD) and Biceps Femoris (BF) samples were collected at 24 h postmortem from the carcasses of Bakri lambs. Lambs were sepa...
Mohamed Mohamady Ghanem1*, Yassine Mahmoud Abdelraoof1, Abdelghany Hefnawy Abdelghany2, Eman Abdelhamid El-Ebissy3, Ahmed Ragab Askar4,5, Attia Ahmed Eissa6
Santosh Kumar1*, Riffat Sultana2* and Martin Husemann3
...egistered from Cholistan desert for the first time. ...
Asim Faraz1*, Bernard Faye2, Cem Tirink3, Ayman Balla Mustafa4, Amal AlKharusi5, Morteza Bitaraf Sani6, Nasir Ali Tauqir7, Muhammad Arslan Akbar8, Muhammad Usman Saleem9, Rana Muhammad Bilal7, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel10
Naseem Sharif1,2*, Imran Muhammad Siqqique2, Muhammad Kashif Raza3, Urwa Irshad1, Muhammad Ikhlaq Khan4, Ammara Noreen4 , Muhammad Ahsan Qureshi1, Mohsin Abbas5, Muhammad Maaz Aziz5, Sitwat Riaz5, Komal Aslam5 and Naseem Akhtar6
Asim Faraz1, Muhammad Yaqoob2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Ayman Balla Mustafa4, Amir Ismail5, Muhammad Arslan Akbar6, Abdul Waheed1* and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel7
...ls were selected in Thal desert of Pakistan during breeding season (December-March) and kept under semi-intensive management system (SIMS). Selected animals were divided into two comparable groups of 22 animals in each to determine the hormonal profile. G1 was composed on lactating non-pregnant while G2 had newly bred she camels. Blood samples from G1 was collected at first day of trial, while G2 animals blood collection was done at day 14th and 21st day post ...
Asim Faraz1*, Nasir Ali Tauqir2, Abdul Waheed1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Syeda Maryam Hussain3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2, Muhammad Arslan Akbar4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5
Yang Hu, Jingxin Ding, Beilei Xu, Xiangming Sun, Guoyu Li, Hui Song, Zheng Zong and Wenlan Li*
...ign: justify;">Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine and food raw material with estrogen-like effect; its active ingredients are glycosides. To explore the absorbed constituents of total glycosides (TGs) in vivo and its estrogen-like activity, and reveal its direct acting substances in the body, in this study, 30 female Wistar rats were orally administered with TGs, and serum fingerprints of blood samples collected at 10 diff...
Asim Faraz1*, Nasir Ali Tauqir2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Muhammad Arslan Akbar3, Muhammad Abubakar Sufyan1, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Usman Saleem4, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5, Morteza Bitaraf Sani6, Amal AlKharusi7, Samira Jebahi8 and Ayman Balla Mustafa9
...recha dromedary camel in desert adobes. This study will make the primary database of country for related future studies and will pave a way for further investigations in camel science.
... 
Ramzan Ali1, Erum Iqbal1*, Muhammad Ismail Bhatti2 and Saboohi Raza1
Iram Liaqat1*, Noor Muhammad1, Muhammad Mubin2, Najma Arshad3, Tehreema Iftikhar4, Sumera Sajjad5 and Farzana Rashid5
...rionalis, S. polaris, S. desertarenaee and S. lutosisoli. Primary screening of the five isolates using cross streak method showed excellent zone of inhibition (ZI 10-27 mm) against tested pathogens (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis). Secondary screening using ethyl acetate extracts also showed significant ZI in the range of 06 – 14.0 mm (P ≤ 0.05) against these pathogens thus...
Ming Wang1, Nan Yang2, Xiaolin Zhang2 and Wei Liu1*
..., they trigger grassland desertification, unsustainable development of animal husbandry, increase in the incidence of rodent-borne diseases and the potential for zoonoses. The Sichuan Tibetan area is ecologically fragile and has reported the most serious rodent damage in China. The rodent control technology is presently advanced and diverse, however, awareness among the herdsmen in this area to control the rodents remains relatively regressive. Given the limit...
Muhammad Altaf1*, Arshad Javid2, Abdul Majid Khan3, Sadia Nazer4, Irfan5, Khalid Javed Iqbal6, Muhammad Sultan Haider7 and Sana Ashraf7
... pangolin and long-eared desert hedgehog preferred forested areas as well as slightly modified habitats while northern palm squirrel, house mouse, house shrew and rat species preferred human habitations. Similarly, a few species like small Indian mongoose, soft-furred field rat, short tailed mole rat, Asiatic jackal and Indian gerbil preferred cultivated areas. It can be concluded from present study that many of the mammalian species area habitat specific and ...
Riffat Sultana1*, Mohan Lal1, Samiullah Soomro1, Santosh Kumar2 and Ahmed Ali Samejo1
Maaha Malik1, Muzakir Shah2, Muhammad Naqash2, Mamoona Wali Muhammad2, Safdar Ali Shah2, Bushra Khan1, Sayyed Masoom Shah2, Zahid Mahmood2, Syed Talha Kamil2, Kamal Anwar2 and Faisal Khalid2
...ncluding climate change, desertification, pollution, recycling of wastes, and energy projects. It will help in avoiding hazards of the climate change and will promote sustainable development of the country. 100 percent were not satisfied about Pakistan government measures to mitigate and adapt climate change....
Muhammad Yousaf Khan and Raees Khan
... 15,519 ha, barren land (desert) is 646,305 ha, settlements is110,536 ha, and water bodies is 151,688 ha (Land Cover Atlas of Pakistan PFI 2012). Forest is the main revenue source of provincial exchequer till imposition of ban on forest harvesting in 1993 forest was contributing 43% revenue to provincial exchequer. Forest has the tremendous potential and scope for employment in the fields of forest protection, harvesting, conversion, transportation, marketing ...
Ashar Farooq and Mubashir Hassan
... Kotli rangeland of Thal desert to determine the plant species composition, forage production and carrying capacity of the area to evaluate the current condition of the rangeland. Systematic sampling with random start procedure was adopted to collect the data. The study revealed that species composition of Cenchrus ciliaris was maximum (42.08%) followed by Eleusine flagellifera (27.41%) and Elionurus hirsutus (16.22%) respectively on the b...
Tariq Mahmood and Zulfiqar Ali
...of forests, expansion of desertification, soil erosion and flooding of rivers, thus threatening the life on the planet earth.
The importance of soil conservation/watershed management was first realized in the sub-continent at the start of the 19th century but the systematic work on this started in 1954 under Erosion control and soil conservation project in NWFP. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held at Rio-de-Ja...
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhtar and M. Mahboob-ur-Rahman
...s, such as oceans, broad deserts or high mountain ranges, that formed barriers to plant migration. Forest Ecozones are characterized by the evolutionary history of the plants they contain. These are divisions of the Earth's surface based on plant life form or the adaptation of plants to climatic, soil and other conditions. A tropical moist broadleaf forest in Central America, for example, may be similar to one in New Guinea in its vegetation type and structure...
Sardar Muhammad Rafique and Saliheen Khan
...e and arid and semi-arid deserts The mountain complex comprises of broad level valleys, partially irrigated, and high steep and rugged mountains, hills and plateaus.
More than 60 percent area of Pakistan is arid and receives less than 250 mm rainfall per annum About 20 percent area is semi-arid where rainfall varies between 250-400 mm per annum In these zones temperature rises steeply during summer and drops sharply in winter giving rise to great variation...
Mohammad Iqbal Swati
...ion, devastation floods, desertification, decline in agriculture productivity, loss of biodiversity and increase in environmental pollution. Reduced supply of irrigation water coupled with inadequate ground water recharge in dry and semi-arid regions is threatening agriculture productions and food security of Pakistan.
...
Mohammad Ashraf and Shams-ur-Rehman
...ery suitable for the hot deserts of this country. Ailanthus altissima is native while Prosopis chilensis has been recently introduced by PFI from Chile. The species was found better than native Prosopis i.e. Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis cineraria....
Abdul Samad Mumtaz, Mir Ajab Khan and Tanweer Akhtar
...a japonica and A. desertorum are
distinguished due to pollen grain size and the absence
of operculum on the pore of A. dubia is distinguished
due to pollen grain size and the absence of operculum on
the pore of A. desertorum. A dubia is distinguished from
its closely resembling species due to its double
columella layer in its exine. Therefore, palynological
studies in this genus are potentiall...
Ghulam Rasool
...ame as the
camel in the deserts. The British travelers who first saw the Yak in Pamir, being widely reared by the nomadic tribes, remarked
It seemed to be able to do every thing except lay eggs....
Shams-ur-Rehman
...as most suitable for hot deserts of Pakistan. In order to
evaluate the performance of 24 species and seed sources of these genii, 2 field trials were established one each under arid and semi-arid conditions following RCB and single tree plot designs. The height growth data of indigenous species were compared with exotics.
Preliminary results have shown that under arid and semi-arid conditions (rainfall between 300-900 mm per annum) exotic species like Pro...
Ghulam Akbar, Muhammad Arshad and Taj Naseeb Khan
...ctive in terms of DMY in desert areas like
Cholistan....
Mohammad Noor and Bashir Hussain Shah
K. M. Siddiqui and B. H. Shah
...akistan is
subjected to desertification to varying degree for
climatic reasons and due to misuse of land for
agricultural and pastoral purposes over a long period of
time. A number of government agencies have been engaged
in the afforestation of vast dry areas in the country.
Most of the efforts in this regards have so far been
patchy, sporadic and scattered, and ware therefore,
impact over a long period in the face of increasing
pressure of growing h...
K. M. Siddiqui and Saliheen Khan
... Great expanses of rocky desert,
bare of vegetation, dominate the landscape at
5,000 to 6,000 m elevation in this tract. Over half
the territory is glacier, rock and scree. Mountain
ranges form a natural barrier to summer
monsoons, making the climate dry. Most of the
precipitation falls as snow and the climate
undergoes extremes of temperature - dry and hot
(Upto 35°C) in summer and dry and cold in
winter.
Valley bottoms are at an elevation of ...
Mohammad Rafique Sardar
...ic condition in the Thal desert. Accordingly, more
soil moisture and less soil erosion losses were found
under unlopped trees. Similarly herbage production with
better ground vegetal cover was also found beneath the
unlopped trees....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
... Rakh Dagar Kotli
(Thal desert of Pakistan) using different methods of
site preparation and tree species. The water harvesting
methods used i9nvolved preparation of trenches with and
without catchments, sloping catchments without a trench,
pits and flat ground to serve as control.
The tree species tested included Acacia albida (Sudan). Acacia
aneura (Australia), Amodesta, A. tortilis (Sudan),
A. victoriae. (Australia),
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...,
Thal too was atypical desert with low rainfall, hot and
desiccating winds, sand storms, scarce water and food
and of course, the poverty stricken people. Although the
need for development of this tract was felt since long
but the project could materialize only after 1947 when
refugees from across the border created tremendous
pressure on the meager land resources of newly created
Pakistan. To give to the poor new comers out programme
of construction...
M. I. Shiekh, A. Khaliq and M. Noor
...as been
studies in Thal desert (Pakistan) on the yield of wheat
crop in 1984 grown under irrigated conditions. Wheat was
sampled in 1M2 plots along transect lines on the leeward
side. The results obtained indicate a net gain in grain
yield. There was also a loss of grain near the tree row
which could be minimized by improved cultural practices
and control of weeds. However, the economic gain from
the sale of wood obtained from windbreaks more than
com...
M.I. Sheikh, Bashir Hussain Shah and Abdul Aleem
...Rakh Dagar Kotli in Thal desert. Acacia
modesta and A. torrilis were planted with plastic apron,
stone pitching, and grass mulch and without mulch in
March, 1981. Observations after one year and two months
revealed that the mulches did not have any effect on the
survival of plants. However, out of the lour treatments,
plastic aprons were significantly effective in improving
the growth rate of both the species; stone pitching and
grass mul...
Ashiq Ahmad
...ce a native to Cholistan desert in Pakistan but
became extinct by 1967 due to ruthless hunting. To introduce the species back, 10 animals
were donated by World Wildlife Fund in 1970 which were kept in an enclosure having 518 ha
area. Original stock of 10 blackbuck increased to 34 only by 1982 which is quite a slow
progress....
M.I. Sheikh, B. H. Shah and A. Aleem
M.I.R. Khan
...e in the greening of the desert especially in the Abu Dhabi Emirate. Besides doing outstanding land scarping work in major cities like Al-Ain and Abu Dhabi, thousands of hectares of sandy desert lands along highways and major roads and around new townships have been reclaimed, afforested and planted in the last about a little over a decade. Most of the afforestation work has been carried out and is being maintained with arti...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh, B.H. Shah and A. Aleem
...ng was conducted in Thal desert to asses the efficiency of different treatments of the catchment plots to induce maximum runoff. The results showed that mud plaster (soil + wheat straw ) was the effective and economical treatment
for rain water harvesting as it induced on an average maximum runoff, 11.03 m3 per catchment plot, about 78.14% of total rainfall received by the catchment plot. The next better treatments are mudplaster (soil + cowdung). ...
G. M. Khattak, Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh and Abdul Khaliq
...f it under mountains and deserts. Agriculture is practiced over about 47.5 million acres, of which about 33.5 million are irrigated, mostly by canals. Production forests cover barely 1.5% of the total land area. So the country is short of timber and fire-wood: Wood and wood products - mostly pulp and paper - worth 550 million rupees are imported every year on the average. And the scarcity of firewood forces the rural people to use anything combustible as fuel ...
M. Ihsanur Rahman Khan
...ural extreme aridity and desert conditions prevailing in Abu Dhabi, the Emirate is not completely devoid of natural plant life. Certain areas like the
Sabkha(salty flats) or extremely arid and moving sand dunes may have no worthwhile plant life but varied and specialized type of plant life does exist in some cases in small patches and in other cases in fairly extensive areas of the Emirate. In fact in the pre-oil period natural vegetation was a major s...
M. Ihsanur Rahman Khan
...Extreme saline, arid and desert conditions prevailing in the Western region of Abu Dhabi make it the most difficult area for agricultural development in the whole of the United Arab Emirates. Inspite of the harsh climatic and edaphic environmental conditions prevalent in this area and after tackling various problems suitably, a substantial amount of progress has been achieved in the
agricultural development field in last about five years....
M Shabir Baig, M. Akram and M. Amjad Hassan
M. I. R. Khan
...well below 0°C in the desert areas away from the coast.
Strong winds and severe sand storms are of common occurrence throughout the year. Their intensity is especially high during summer months. The sand dunes not only move but also change their shape and form in the wake of severe wind storms.
Soils in the coastal belt ('Subkha') are heavily impregnated with salts and bear practically no vegetation. Sandy soils and san...
Abdul Aleem
...ncea native of Cholistan desert and was so plentiful that 50 animals were presented in 1930 by the Nawab of Bahawalpur to some ranchers in Texas where they had increased to 5000 by 1967, the blackbuck had been exterminated from its natural habitat-Cholistan-and the need was felt to reintroduce it. In April 1970, 10 blackbuck (3 males, 7 females) were presented by World Wildlife Fund through San Antorio Zoo to the Forest Department, West Pakistan. The animals w...
Abeedullah Jan
... plains. There are great deserts and wild lands in the north-west, while, rivers, streams and lakes stud the plains in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The climate is dominated by the monsoonal winds rising out of the difference in the heat absorbing capacity of the land and the ocean. A combination of high temperature and plenty of rainfall provides favourable conditions for afforestation and farming. China was extremely poor before liberation. ...
Abdulaziz S. Alatawi*
...for wild carnivores in a desert ecosystem. Camera traps recorded three mammalian carnivores: golden jackal (Canis aureus), grey wolf (Canis lupus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Although red foxes were highly abundant across the surveyed sites, an analysis showed that they avoided sites near highways. The golden jackal is rarely documented in Saudi Arabia and there is a significant lack of information about this species. All three detected wild carnivores are o...
Bilal Ahmed Qazi, Nowsherwan Zarif, Anwar Ali*, Faizan Ahmed, Asim Karim and Ali Nawaz
...n, land degradation, and desertification. Pakistan is predominantly a dry country, where 51.5% of the area is arid and 36.9% is semi-arid. The two-thirds of the livelihood of Pakistan is growing rapidly over a population of 184 million people, who directly depend on goods and services provided by dryland natural resources, especially natural forests. In the dry zone areas, the natural forests have completely disappeared and degraded. The forest cover cannot be...
Halla H. Ahmed, Aurass Muhi Taha Al-Waeli and Fadia W. Al-Azawi*
...wheat agriculture in the desertification of the west of Kerbala/Iraq. The aim of this study was to estimate the changes detected in the groundwater level which indicates the wheat growth for the period of the study. Sentinel-2 data can be used to monitor this change using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results of this study showed that there are significant differences in the NDVI values within wheat growth season in the ROI. Since the maxi...
Lahbib Cheikhi, Hafidha Boucherit* and Abdelkrim Benaradj
...good ability to adapt to desert conditions. The main types of livestock farming practiced in the oases are sheep, goat and poultry farming. These animals are well adapted to eco-oasis conditions, characterized by a continental desert climate. The main activity of the farmers 86% of the farms surveyed is mixed (crop-livestock) and 14% are of the crop-only type. It should be noted that livestock farming in oasis systems is bas...
Muhammad Waseem1, Santosh Kumar1* and Riffat Sultana2
Muhammad Azhar1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1*, Muhammad Ijaz1, Ayesha Safdar2 and Kamran Ashraf3
...tats in Pakistan’s deserts, mountain ranges, along the Ravi River and Indus eco-regions. These species can also be found both in the wild and in captivity. We have to face great loses for both known and unknown reasons while keeping these species at different public and private zoological gardens. Hemoparasitic infections particularly theileriosis, transmitted by ticks, are one of the numerous recognized causes of their mortalities. To the best of our kn...
Pakistan Journal of Zoology
November
Featuring
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Morphometric Measurements, Gonopod and Gonopores Appearances in Early Sexual Crablet Stage of Scylla paramamosain (Estampador, 1949)
Muhammad Nur Syafaat, Che Zulkifli Che-Ismail, Adnan Amin-Safwan, Mohamad N. Azra, Mohammad Syahnon, Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi and Mhd Ikhwanuddin
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 759-766
-
Preparation of High Selenized Gastrodia elata Blume Polysaccharide and its Immunomodulatory Effects on RAW264.7 Cells and Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
Fengwei Ma, Qihua Wen, Qingfang Deng, Yihao Lu, Buyan Zhang, Yongyou Cheng and Su Xu
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 747-758
-
Freshwater Fish Biodiversity in Liangzi Lake
Ke Li, Hai Liu, Jiangang Zhou, Hongbing Chen and Zhengxiang Wang
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 737-745
-
Histopathological and Molecular Analyses of Leptospira borgpetersenii and Leptospira interrogans in Bovine Kidneys in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Intan Noor Aina Kamaruzaman, Siew Zee Ong, Iman Natasha Sofea Jafri, Dayangku Umi Aqilah Pengiran-Isa, Mohamad Sabri Abdul-Rahman, Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan, Thilini Nisansala, Soon Heng Goh, Siti Nur Haslina Mamat, C.W. Salma C.W. Zalati, Sazaly AbuBakar and Shih Keng Loong
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 2, pp. 727-736
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