Shahid Ali, Munir Khan
...tan. Data from 100 wheat growers were collected through multistage stratified random sampling technique during 2009-10. Stochastic frontier analysis was employed for the estimation of technical efficiency levels and its determinants. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) technique was applied to estimate stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas production function to ascertain the level of technical efficiency. The econometric computer software STATA was applied for the...
Faheem Khan*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
... sample of 336 sugarcane growers for the present study and an interview schedule was used to solicit responses that addressed the research objectives. The findings from the study showed that 80 percent of respondents were illiterate while the 20 percent of respondents who were literate had achieved various levels of education. In the years 2012 and 2013, the average yield of educated sugarcane growers was 76 t/ha while illit...
Hina Fatima, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Mahreen Zaid-Ullah, Abdul-Jabbar, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai
...ical efficiency of these growers. Technical efficiency has been found dissimilar under both the situations. The estimated mean technical efficiency of NonBT cotton farmers has been found to be 0.70, and 0.90 is the technical efficiency found in that of the BT cotton farmers. Hence the average output of Non-BT cotton and BT-cotton farms could be increased by 30 and 10 percent, respectively by adopting the technology with an appropriate approach. The results of ...
Qamar Ali, Muhammad Ashfaq and Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan
...m 70 off-season cucumber growers by using simple random sampling. Cobb-Douglas was good on the basis of R2 (0.748) and f-statistics (17.505). Production elasticity was positive for education, polythene sheet, fertilizers, chemical, irrigation and labour days. Under utilization of resources was found for polythene sheet, fertilizers, chemicals, irrigation and labour days. Over utilization of resources was observed for seed quantity and use of tractor. There exi...
Nusrat Habib, Safeena Inam and Abdul Hayee Qureshi
... structure for sunflower growers near to their field areas and Research efforts should be made to overcome the problems faced by sunflower growers....
Amjad Ali and Abbas Ullah Jan
...le size of 303 sugarcane growers was formally interviewed for crop season 2014-15 through a pretested questioners prepared on the bases of objectives of the study. Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) was employed for data analysis using computer software STATA. Result illustrates that technical efficiency of sugarcane crop for the period under study in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ranges from minimum 0.47 to maximum 0.98 with mean value of 0.84 percent. This mean that wi...
Muhammad Aslam Shahid, Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Niamatullah
...le in fruit setting .The growers pollinate the date by using low potency pollen source and get low yield. Present studies were conducted with the aim to explore best pollen sources for maximum fruit set and yield. In this respect, an experiment was conducted during 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the male spath characteristics and to observe the effect of pollen sources on fruit set, yield and physico-chemical characteristics of Dhakki date palm. Data were recorded ...
Naushad Khan1*, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Munir Khan1, Shaista Naz2, Javeria Tanveer1 and Muhammad Kaleem3
...n the province the maize growers are always in need of loan for the purchase of inputs. The present study examined the effect of ZTBL credit program on maize productivity in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this, a sample of 226 farmers was selected by employing multi stage sampling technique. At first stage, all the three tehsils (i.e.; Mardan, Takht Bhai and Katlang) of the district were selected. At second stage, two villages from each t...
Iftikhar Ahmad, Abdul M. Saleem, Ghulam Mustafa, Khurram Ziaf, Irfan Afzal and Muhammad Qasim
...commercially used by the growers for early, uniform and healthy nursery stand of the tested species, which can ensure uniform maturity and flower harvesting of ornamentals....
A. Regupathy and R. Ayyasamy
Initiatives of papain industry by private-public-farmer link-ages in classical biocontrol program for papaya mealybug in Tamil Nadu
...select cluster of papaya growers to meet the concerned authorities and scientists of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore to appraise them of the gravity of the situation and the need for getting effective biocontrol agent [Acerophagus papayae (Noyes and Schauff)] through ICAR-NBAII (National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects)-TNAU was emphasized as the existing biocontrol agents could not give relief. Later, when the exotic parasitoi...
Dhananjoy Mandal 2K. Baral 3M. K. Dasgupta
Developing site-specific appropriate precision agriculture
...itable for resource-rich growers, whereas Okra-Chilli+Chilli2 , and Black gram–Parwal+Parwal sequences were suitable for resource-poor growers. Overall, Groundnut–Brinjal+Brinjal, Okra-Chilli+Chilli, Cucumber-Cabbage-Basella alba cropping sequences, over three years in a row, were the best. When information on the detailed soil survey, RS (Remote Sensing) generated geo informatics (Global Positioning System, GPS;...
Umer Wahid1, Shahid Ali2* and Nihal Ahmad Hadi3
...cal efficiency of tomato growers in Malakand district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A sample of 120 tomato growers was selected employing multistage sampling technique. An interview schedule was used for data collection during November-January, 2016. Maximum likelihood technique was used for the estimation of the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production model. After running various econometrics software the output of t...
Naveed Muhammad, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Ibrahim and Salman Khan
... efficiency among tomato growers in Mohmand Agency, Pakistan. The study is based on primary data, collected through a well designed questionnaire from a sample of 115 tomato growers. A Cobb-Douglas type production model is used to estimate tomato yield and identify important factors affecting yield. Ordinary Least Square estimates for the model indicate that machinery, seed quantity, labor, number of irrigation, chemicals sp...
Shah Saud Ahmad and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*
...empowerment of vegetable growers. Primary data were collected from 234 vegetable growers through well-structured interview schedule. Whereas secondary data were amassed from various published and unpublished sources. Results of the present study revealed that majority (85%) respondents had joint families system. Almost (60%) respondents had landholdings up to five acres and majority (77%) respondents were involved on full ti...
Mazher Abbas1, Irfan Mahmood1*, Arshed Bashir1, Tahir Mehmood2, Khalid Mahmood1 and Zubair Ikram1
...experience of the citrus growers were estimated 43.92 years, 9.74 schooling years and 17.72 years respectively. The awareness and adoption of recommended citrus practices was generally good. The results of the logit model for adoption of recommended irrigation practices however postulate positive and significant impact of citrus producing experience and family income on adoption of recommended number of irrigation and hoeing practices whereas age has significa...
Raza Ullah1*, Qaisar Shah Safi2, Ghaffar Ali3 and Irfan Ullah3
...telligence of the citrus growers should be developed to enable them practice self-marketing whereby they can easily pocket the market share of the pre-harvest contractors by eliminating him from the marketing chain. ...
Umair Talib1*, Ijaz Ashraf1, Khalid Mahmood Chaudhary1, Riaz Ahmad2
...whether smallholder rice growers are more satisfied with public or private extension organizations and development of a strategy to enhance the effectiveness of extension work. The specific objectives were to ascertain the satisfaction smallholder rice growers regarding the extension work conducted by public and private extension organizations; to analyze the satisfaction of smallholder rice gro...
Hassan Hashim Ghalib, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullan Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...re and rainfall on wheat growers’ net-return in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. Data for this purpose are collected from 255 wheat growers, selected from Southern, Central and Northern climatic zones of KP. Results from descriptive statistical analysis demonstrate that net-return per acre from wheat crop is highest in the Central zone because of conducive agro-climatic conditions. The estimated Cross-sect...
Irfan1* , Arshad Javid2 , Muhammad Altaf3 , Muhammad Shahbaz3 , and Khalid Javed Iqbal4
...mes New Roman";">), growers with age 14-20 weeks (10 ♂ and 10 ♀) and adult birds with age 24-30 weeks (10
Muhammad Zahid1*, Muhammad Ather Javed Khan2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Ahmad Kamran Khan4
...logies by the registered growers of Hasilpur, Punjab. In order to collect this information an interview schedule was prepared and respondents (150 growers of farmer field school) were interviewed personally by the author. The findings revealed 98.7%, 100% and 98% cotton growers were aware of hoeing, leaf curl virus and biological control of insects-pests. Before integrated pest management ...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla, Sajida Taj*, Khalid Mahmood** and Nadeem Akmal*
...ovinces. Total 238 wheat growers were purposively selected from different cropping zones of the Punjab province as sample of the national survey. The survey results reveal that decline in wheat area, the incidence of frost/cold spells, shortage of irrigation water over normal supplies, imbalanced use of fertilizers particularly of DAP fertilizer below the recommended doses, higher prices of inputs such as seed, fertilizer, diesel, electricity and less wheat pr...
Aslam Memon, A. M. Khushk* and Umer Farooq**
...rmal survey of sugarcane growers in the different agro-ecological conditions in three provinces of Pakistan during 2007-08. The major study findings showed that nearly one-fifth of total farm area was allocated to sugarcane crop by sample farmers with more than 70% and 76% of total sugarcane areas were devoted to recommended varieties during 2006-07 and 2007-08, respectively. More than 25 sugarcane varieties were cultivated by sample farmers in Pakistan. Major...
Arshed Bashir *, Shamsheer-Ul-Haq**, Mazher Abbas*, M. Aamir Munir** and Aneela Afzal***
Corresponding author:[email protected]
IMPACT OF SUGARCANE MILLS DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ON CANE PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB
...om 100 randomly selected growers (50 beneficiaries and 50 non-beneficiaries) during April, 2010. The beneficiary farmers were operating significantly larger land holdings. Area under new high yielding, with more sugar recovery varieties was relatively higher at beneficiary farms as compared to non-beneficiary farms. The beneficiary farmers were getting higher returns from sugarcane production (fresh and ratoon crops) as compared to non-beneficiary farms. Inclu...
Farhat Ullah Khan, Nowshad Khan and Zaibunnisa Abdullah*
Corresponding author: [email protected] (This is part of Ph.D. work of senior author)
IMPACT OFKINNOW (MANDARIN) YIELD LOSSES ON SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE FARMING COMMUNITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...tion of kinnow. Then ten growers from each union council were chosen randomly. Total 200 respondents were interviewed through interview schedule. Simple percentage and chi-square techniques were used for analysis. According to analysis 91.5% respondents reported that yield losses of kinnow fruits have negative impact on socio-economic conditions of the majority respondents of the project area. Chi-square test also shows negative link of the kinnow fruits and s...
Parvez Khaliq*, Azim Malik**, Nasir Mahmood Cheema* and Muhammad Umair***
ECONOMICS OF WHEAT BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN RAINFED AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...tive and the progressive growers mainly due to poor management of soil, water and fertility issues. A field study was conducted at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad and the traditional wheat-fallow-wheat (W-F-W) cropping system was evaluated with the improved wheat-maize fodder-wheat (W-MF-W) and wheat-mungbean-wheat (W-MB-W) cropping systems. Two tillage practices, i.e. shallow tillage with cultivator and deep tillage with moldboard; and...
Munir Ahmad* and Asif Ali Mirani**
HEATED AIR DRYING OF GROUNDNUT
...problem of the groundnut growers, a low cost mobile flat-bed dryer designed and developed at Agricultural and Biological Engineering Institute (ABEI), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad was evaluated for drying groundnut. The dryer had been found capable to dry about 1818 kg groundnut from 23.3% moisture content to 14% within 2.4h. On average the groundnut drying rate was 3.9% per hour, and the average efficiency of the dryer was 69%. However, ty...
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Zubair Anwar*, Sonila Hassan** and Irfan Mehmood**
INSTITUTIONAL CREDIT ARRANGEMENT AND THEIR IMPLICATION ON AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN THE SELECTED VILLAGES OF RAWALPINDI DISTRICT
...itutional credit for all growers so that they could increase their agricultural productivity that will further lead to increase their agricultural income. It is neccessary that government should practice the credit policy to protect the interest of small and medium farmers by providing them loans on easy terms and to facilitate them against any natural hazards and disaster....
Nusrat Habib*, Saima Rani*, Sabeen Siddiqui*, Shah Zaman** and Muhammad Zubair Anwar*
IMPACT OF MAJOR FARM INPUTS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGARCANE: A CASE STUDY IN TEHSIL KOT ADDU, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...collected from sugarcane growers to find out the affect of major farm inputs on the productivity of sugarcane in Tehsil Kot Addu (Punjab). The data was collected from 70 sugarcane growers during 2013 harvesting. The costs of land preparation, DAP, urea, irrigation, FYM, seed and labor for harvesting were the significant factors which affect on the proceeds of sugarcane growers. The results...
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai*, Umme Rubab* and Abass Ullah Jan*
STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS OF MAIZE FARMERS IN AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR, PAKISTAN
...ical efficiency of maize growers through Cobb-Douglas type Stochastic Frontier Analysis in four villages of Muzaffarabad district, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. The proportional sampling allocation sampling technique was adopted to collect primary data from 80 sampled respondents in 2013-14. The maximum likelihood estimates of major inputs showed that seed, tractor hours, FYM and labor days have contributed significantly to increase the maize yield. ...
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai*, Muhammad Nasrullah* and Noor P. Khan**
STOCHASTIC FRONTIER PRODUCTION ANALYSIS OF TOBACCO GROWERS IN DISTRICT MARDAN, PAKISTAN
...er production of tobacco growers. This parametric approach was encompassed to investigate the technical efficiency of growers. The primary data was gleaned during 2014-15 from sampled population of three villages namely Takkar Kali, Garo Shah and Passand Kali of Takhtbhai Tehsil, Mardan district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The multi-stage sampling technique was utilized to obtain the desired sample size of 120 tobacco
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...lected from 76 sugarcane growers through a well-designed interview schedule. Debartin formula was used to calculate net return, while a Cobb-Douglas type production function (double log form) was employed to estimate sugarcane yield and its determinants in study area. The results revealed that per acre net return after subtracting total cost from gross revenue was Rs. 33,173.65/-. Results illustrate that labor days, seed quantity, tractor hours, urea and pest...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...lected from 76 sugarcane growers through a well-designed interview schedule. Debartin formula was used to calculate net return, while a Cobb-Douglas type production function (double log form) was employed to estimate sugarcane yield and its determinants in study area. The results revealed that per acre net return after subtracting total cost from gross revenue was Rs. 33,173.65/-. Results illustrate that labor days, seed quantity, tractor hours, urea and pest...
Farhan Ahmad1,*, Muhammad Waris Sanjrani1, Shah Nawaz Khuhro1, Asif Sajjad2, Abid Ali3, Rashad Rasool Khan3, Farooq Ahmed3 and Junhe Liu4,*
...understanding for cotton growers and researchers that how population of whitefly and its parasitism vary in relationship with abiotic factors among different cotton growing areas of Sindh province. Furthermore, this study could help in forecasting and monitoring of whitefly incidence and its parasitism.
...
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...nion council. All tomato growers given training by the extension department were selected for interview, thus 104 respondents were interviewed for the study through well-structured interview schedule. Paired t-test was used for the comparison before and after training.The results show that 43% of the respondents were young, literate (85%), owner cultivator (49%), majority (81%) have total tomato cultivated area between 1-3 acres. Training was given to all the ...
Muhammad Fiaz1*, Muhammad Afzal1 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2
...is recommended to citrus growers against sucking insect pests. ...
Aftab Khan, Shahid Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
... on net revenue of maize growers across Northern, Eastern, Central and Southern zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 200 maize growers were randomly selected through multistage sampling technique. Primary data on net revenue from maize crop was collected through an interview schedule and secondary data on temperature and precipitation was collected from Regional Metrological Department, Peshawar. Cross sectional Ricardian ...
Amjad Ali1, Abbas Ullah Jan1, Lal Almas2, Noor Piao Khan1 and Khurran Nawaz Saddozai1
... efficiency of sugarcane growers in district Charsadda was worked out with frontier model. Randomly 118 sugarcane growers were interviewed during crop season 2014-2015. For survey data a pre-tested structured questioner set according to objectives of the study was used. Coefficients of parameters were calculated by maximum likelihood estimation techniques. Per acre total yield, land rent and per acre inputs cost (labor hired...
Mudassar Javed, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Afzal
...e to the indigenous okra growers to combat infestations of E. vittella and H. armigera and other lepidopterous borers. ...
Masaud Khan1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Tahir Sarwar1 and Muhammad Jamal Khan2
...gation water demand, the growers use surface and ground water resources, which are declining day-by-day. Realizing the importance of water, tomato yield was studied under deficit irrigation regimes and different Nitrogen (N) levels during 2015 and 2016 at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement was used for the study. These factors were four irrigation levels i....
Raza Ullah1* and Jamal Shah2
...e of Pakistan. 330 wheat growers were selected using multistage sampling technique and Analysis of Variance was used to compare the average wheat yield of farmers using different combinations of the two risk coping tools namely, off-farm diversification and precautionary savings. The results suggested that adoption of risk coping tools, particularly the simultaneous adoption of multiple tools at the same time, significantly reduced wheat yield. The research su...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
... selected The total rice growers number in this district was37557, Balambat 6121 and Lalqila 5167which make total in both tehsils 11228. Through Yamani Formula 100 sample size was fixed and distribute the sample according to proportionate formula between two tehsil, Balambat 54 and Lalqila 46. Similarly, semi structured questionnaire was used for data collection while descriptive statistics and Cob Douglass Production Function were used for data analysis. The ...
Supply Response Analysis of Wheat Growers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Farm Level Analysis
Farhan, Shahid Ali* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...nd elasticities of wheat growers in district Swabi of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, 160 wheat growers were selected through multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected through well designed interview schedule. Normalized restricted trans log profit function was first approximated for further estimation of output supply and input demand elasticities. Results indicated that re...
Aqsa Khan1, Sabyan Faris Honey2*, Babar Bajwa2, Nelofer Jamil1 and Muhammad Sohail Mazhar2
...or insect pest for apple growers in Balochistan province, Pakistan. To mass rear codling moth in the laboratory for different research purposes, three artificial diets with different compositions were evaluated for codling moth larvae. Two diets containing wheat germ in their composition as major protein source and one diet without wheat germ were used. Addition of wheat germ in the diet composition for larvae resulted in significantly high percent survival (m...
Arshad Farooq* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...khwa-Pakistan. Sugarcane growers were selected randomly and Data were collected through interview schedule from 285 respondents in D.I. Khan and Mardan districts during sugarcane cropping season, 2018. Knowledge gap index was applied as a measuring tool. The empirical results indicated that no knowledge gap was found among farmers of D.I. Khan district regarding land preparation, sowing and harvesting time while in case of Mardan district n...
Muhammad Nasrullah1*, Liu Chang1, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai2, Asaad Osman Khalid1, Rachel Bayisenge1 and Gulnaz Hameed3
...profitability of tobacco growers in one of the district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Mardan). Tehsil Takht bhai was selected through purposive sampling among the three Tehsil of district Mardan. A sample of 120 growers was selected and interviewed randomly through a prepared well- structure questioner. Different practices were grouped into five parts. Land rent of the respondent area was 61,750 rupees per hectare; nursery raising ...
Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Aftab Khan1 and Bakhtawar Riaz2
...rmal education to tomato growers. ...
Mehran Ahmad, Syed Attaullah Shah and Shahid Ali*
...ive efficiency of tomato growers in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The study was based on primary data, collected from a sample of 105 tomato growers selected through multistage random sampling procedure. Data was collected through a well-designed interview schedule during January-July, 2018. Cobb-Douglas type production function was used to estimate effect of important determinants on tomato yie...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...need based trainings for growers, availability of credit/loan facilities, provision of subsidized inputs and irrigation water in the study area. ...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1, Murtaza1, Sufyan Ullah Khan2 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...d. Facilitation of maize growers with subsidized and timely availability of inputs, provision of agriculture credit with reasonable interest rate and easy instalments and field based trainings are policy options for enhancing maize productivity. ...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Khalid Usman2*, Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil3, Abdul Mateen Khattak4, Muhammad Ehsan Elahi1, Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik2 and Amir Hamza2
...ofitable; therefore, the growers switched to solar tunnel drying but couldn’t get the required results. The protocols of using solar tunnels needed fine-tuning of temperature and relative air humidity, which affect fruit quality. During dates’ drying process high temperature and low humidity is required. This research was conducted at Arid Zone Research Center, D.I. Khan, Pakistan for quick and safe ripening of date fruits under controlled conditio...
Wajid Shah Yousafzai1, Irfan Ullah1*, Amjad Ali1, Mahmood Iqbal2 and Salman Khan1
...ices and facilitation of growers in marketing of output, in order to enhance allocative efficiency of onion growers in the study area. ...
Jahangir Khan*, Syed Attaullah Shah, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai, Muhammad Fayaz, Shahid Ali, Abbas Ullah Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...dy recommends that apple growers should focus on best quality apple varieties and should maintain post harvest quality of their product. ...
Shahid Ali1*, Farhan1, Murtaza1, Neelum Andaleeb2 and Amjad Ali1
...ical efficiency of wheat growers in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A four stage random sampling technique was used to collect data from 160 respondents. Stochastic frontier production (SFP) function was used to analyze the technical efficiency of wheat growers. The Maximum Likelihood estimates of the model-1 showed that seed quantity, urea, chemicals (Pesticides and weedicides), labor and tractor hours were ...
Muhammad Israr* and Noor Khan
...n. A sample of 336 wheat growers, consisted of equal number of FSC registered and non-registered farmers, was selected from Northern, Central and Southern climatic zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The selected wheat growers were interviewed for data collection. Binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted over the collected data-set to estimate a grower’s probability of adopting improved seed technology and quantify t...
Shazia Akhtar1, Abdul Samad1*, Afshan Gohar1, Muhammad Munir Shahid2, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Arslan Sarwer1, Adnan Khan1 and Karam Ahad1
...y interviewing the peach growers in Swat, Malakand. The current survey described the knowledge, behavior, agricultural practices and pesticides toxicity symptoms among the field workers. Over all 72 orchards from 26 Union Councils were covered. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 21 and sample collection points were presented on map by using software Arc GIS. The response of interviewers was high which indicates their intentions to facilitate the present study. It...
Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan1 and Jangraiz Khan2*
...ientific farming and the growers need to be properly educated and trained. Establishing of cold storage facilities will greatly help farmers to fetch higher income. Additionally, credit facilities to the farmers would help potential progressive growers to adopt tunnel-farming and grow off-season vegetables, thus getting higher yield per acre. ...
Majid Khan, Naveed Jehan*, Muhammad Zahoor and Nadia Naz
... of the Virginia Tobacco growers in the study area with Poverty Gap Index (PGI) method. The primary data was collected through structured questionnaire from 159 farmers. Monthly farmers’ income was calculated from the total crop and non-crop income. The results revealed that the poverty ratio and Poverty Gap index were 8.3 percent and 0.016 percent for the Virginia tobacco growers and 42.52 percent and 0.076 percent fo...
Muhammad Ramiz Murtaza1, Tahir Mehmood2*, Aziz Ahmad2 and Uzma Arshad Mughal3
...used to select 110 mango growers from 4 union councils of tehsil Ali Pur. To scrutinize the data double log model was renovated from Cobb-Dougles production function. Results showed that Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) with and without intercropping was 1.72 and 2.48 respectively. Nearly 64 percent of the factors analyzed were affecting mango production and adjusted R2 was at 0.62. The whole goodness of fit model was enlightened by the high significance of F-value i....
Asif Yaseen1, Muhammad Israr2*, Allah Bux Khan1, Ahsan Javed3, Nafees Ahmad4 and Zia Ullah5
...me to smallholder citrus growers. Findings showed the importance of production experience and know-how of quality issues are the significant determinants of farmers’ reliance on high value marketing channels. To this end, policy makers need to give due consideration to certain exogenous factors such as price expectation, delay of payment, trust in buyer, price fluctuation, and provision of farm services. ...
Saleem Ashraf1, Raheel Saqib2*, Zakaria Yousuf Hassan3, Muhammad Luqman4 and Abdur Rehman5
...randomly selected citrus growers were interviewed face to face and collected data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Findings affirmed that middleman, processing factories and friends/relatives were the foremost intermediaries in citrus marketing. Majority of growers (94.16%) preferred selling their pre-harvest fruit to processing factories (55.75%), middleman (30%) and friends and neighbours (14.25...
Gulfam Hassan1*, Ijaz Ashraf2, Muhammad Qavi Irshad3, Shafiq-ur-Rehman Zia2 and Muhammad Idrees4
...dred and eight vegetable growers were interviewed using a validated and reliable interview schedule. Findings reveal that cooperation of training staff was ranked first followed by use of simple and familiar words during training sessions and provision of timely information in case of strengths of training programs. While looking into weaknesses of trainings, vegetable growers disclosed the unavailability of literature and b...
Masaud Khan1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Shahab Ahmad2, Asad Ali3, Numan Khan3 and Muhammad Adnan Fahad4
...irrigation water demand, growers use surface and ground water resources. These resources are in decline. Realizing the importance of water and fertilizer, tomato yield under deficit irrigation regimes, and different Nitrogen (N) levels were studied during 2015 and 2016 at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan, using factorial arrangement of randomized complete block design (RCBD). These factors were four irrigation levels; full ...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Muhammad Waqas1 and Sufyan Ullah Khan2
...to model output of maize growers. Results of stochastic frontier model revealed that tractor hours, labor and FYM positively and significantly affected yield of maize. Average technical efficiency was predicted to be 0.68 ranging from 0.31 to 0.91; implies that an average maize farm can increase yield by 33 percent with existing technology. Technical inefficiency effect model identified that education and farming experience has negative and significant effect ...
Amjad Ali1*, Lal Almas2, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Hina Fatima3 and Asim Khan1
...A total of 299 sugarcane growers were interviewed in three main sugarcane growing districts (D.I. Khan, Malakand and Charsadda) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Through a structured questionnaire, key questions were asked to gather data with respect to inputs utilization and socio-economic characteristics of selected sample of sugarcane growers. Using Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA), mean technical efficiency of sugarcane crop...
Muhammad Shakeel1,2*, Salik Nawaz2, Yasar Saleem3, Shazia Shafique2, Ateeq Tahir2 and Muhammad Riaz2
...167 farmers and amateurs growers, engaged in the cultivation of high value or medicinal crops were contacted. Out of these, 68 found as broccoli growers and most probably due to shyness only 37 contributed in data collection process. In the perspectives of health-promoting properties of broccoli 62% were unaware of health benefits and 7% aware of beneficial properties against heart diseases. In case of selection of varieties...
Fazal Haq*, Asia Parveen, Safdar Hussain and Arshad Hussain
...earch is approached. The growers of the major crops were the targeted population and random sampling technique is used to select the sample. Self made questionnaires, filled through interviewed process from the random selected farmers were used as a tool for collecting primary data. The raw data is tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The analyzed data is used to develop the mathematical model. Simplex method is applied to find the optimal solution of...
Iqbal Javed1, Abdur Rehman2*, Iftikhar Nabi3, Amar Razzaq4, Raheel Saqib5, Allah Bakhsh6, Muhammad Mohibullah7 and Muhammad Luqman8
...st be subsidies for rice growers for inputs used in the basmati production. The high rates of inflation in trading partners have positive and significant impact on the demand of Pakistani basmati is an indication for Pakistani exporters to mark extra motivation on those international markets where inflation is comparatively high. Dummy variables for Muslims and joint boarders have positive and significant impact on basmati export flow from Pakistan to its trad...
Shah Nawaz Khuhro1*, Irshad Ali Junejo1, Muhammad Haroon Hullio1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan2, Sultan Ahmed Maitlo3 and Mukhtiar Ahmed Shaikh4
...ication by the vegetable growers in Dadu canal irrigated area carried out on targeted vegetable farmers in three Districts Shikarpur, Larkana, and Dadu of northern Sindh, Pakistan. The effect of pesticides on human health and the environment is a main public health issue in Pakistan. These negative effects of pesticides can be minimized by awareness to the growers focusing more on alternative methods for sustainable crop pro...
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Luqman2, Muhammad Arshad Javed2, Syed Wasim Hasan3 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1
...nded to the local citrus growers for an effective control of D. mangiferae infestation. ...
Muhammad Raheel Faiz1, Ijaz Ashraf1, Haq Nawaz2, Muhammad Zubair3*, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood4, Sajid Hussain5 and Abdul Qadeer2
...e faced by the vegetable growers. Therefore, the present study was designed to identify and prioritize the production, protection and marketing problems faced by the vegetable growers for suggesting possible solutions. Faisalabad Sadar Tehsil was selected as a study area where the vegetables are intensively grown by the farmers. There were total 58 rural union councils in Faisalabad Sadar, out of which 6 were selected throug...
Khalid Khan1, Marguerite Wotto2, Saima Liaqat3, Gulawar Khan1, Balach Rasheed1, Sara Rafiq4 and Guo Xiangyu5*
... from one hundred tomato growers. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selection of the farmers. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to estimate the technical efficiency and performance of the farmers. The study results disclosed that all explanatory variables have a positive impact on the farmers’ technical efficiency apart from pesticides. Additionally, the average technical performance of the farmer was 85% which shows that on ...
Salman Khan, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali and Murtaza
...nge trainings for potato growers regarding use of recommended chemical fertilizer and efficient utilization of seed, labor and other inputs to accelerate potato production and thereby profit of farmers....
Fazli Rabbi1*, Muhammad Idrees2, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Zamin3 and Hazrat Bilal4
Farmers Perceptions and Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Peach (Prunus persica L.) Production and Marketing
...rs. However, these peach growers face various contraints in peach marketing. The farmers are reverting to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to overcome marketing hurdles. This research investigates the farmers’ awareness and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) vis-à-vis the association between ICTs use and farmers’ socioeconomic and farm level variables. A sample of 70 peach (P. persica L.)
Sajad Ali1*, Jangraiz Khan2, Arshadullah Jadoon3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Abid Khan1
Evaluation of Farmers Socioeconomic Characteristics Influencing Tomato Output in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...e of 160 tomato (Kharif) growers was drawn from 16 villages of district Peshawar. Chi-Square and Pearson Rank correlation tests were employed to find out the association and correlation between level of productivity and socio-economic characteristics of tomato growers such as education level, work involvement, family size, farming experience, age, and source of income and land size. The results showed a highly significant po...
Syed Mufeed Hadi Naqvi1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui1, Waqar-Ul-Hassan Tareen1, Muhammad Ameer Qarib Naqvi2 and Naseeb Hussain3
Usage of Mobile Phone by Vegetable Growers and its Impact on Vegetable Production
...gramme for the vegetable growers with the collaboration of telecommunication agencies about the applications of mobile handset that will help the grower to increase their production. There is a need to provide trainings to the vegetable growers about using of mobile phone for obtaining reliable and authentic information about vegetables producing for enhanced production....
Murtaza1, Syed Attaullah Shah1*, Shahid Ali1, Amjad Ali1 and Asia Baig2
Economic Analysis of Maize Production in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...maize crop and estimated growers’ technical efficiency in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Stochastic Frontier analyses were conducted over primary data, collected from randomly selected 119 maize growers. Profitability analysis confirmed high net-return for hybrid maize as compared to local maize crop. The estimated Stochastic Frontier Model-1 showed that maize yield is positively affected by hybrid seed cultivat...
Huma Abbas1*, Nazir Javed1,Muhammad Kamran2, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Hira Abbas3, Ehetisham-ul-Haq2, Abdul Jabbar1, Mehwish Naz1 and Ihsan Ullah4
...anagement option for the growers having nematode problem in their field.
...
Iram Bilqees1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Qaiser Shakeel3, Ashara Sajid1, Zahoor Hussain4, Aqleem Abbas2, Muhammad Aamir Sohail2, Judith Jeruto Kiptoo5 and Shehzad Iqbal2
Use of Nutrients and Plant Extract to Manage Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (OYVMD) in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...YVMV and its vector. The growers are advised to apply micronutrients along with the plant extracts to control these diseases to enhance the okra production....
Arif Alam1*, Faridullah2, Ikram Shah1, Shahzad Khan3, Noor Elahi1 and Ehsan Inamullah1
Estimation of Farm Level Technical Efficiency in Maize Production at the High Mountain North Region of Pakistan
...sample of 112 maize crop growers. Both primary and secondary data were collected from different sources. To measure technical efficiency, the stochastic frontier production function along with technical efficiency model was employed. Data was analyzed through statistical software Frontier 4.1, because of its appropriateness in efficiency related assessments. Result shows that the factors of low yields of different peasants were due to inefficiency. The overall...
Inam Ullah1, Mahfooz Khan2*, Munir Khan2, Himayatullah Khan2 and Azra3
Factors Affecting Different Wheat Varieties Yield in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis
...inputs used by the wheat growers and its effect on the output of three wheat crops varieties per hectare. Primary data were collected from 150 selected respondents randomly in district Peshawar. For this purpose, the effect of various inputs was separately analyzed using multiple regression model. The empirical results show that for Pirsabaaq-5 wheat variety, the effect of (weedicides) was insignificant. While for Pirsabaaq-8 wheat variety irrigation was found...
Shahzad Khan*, Munir Khan, Inayatullah Jan, Mahfooz Khan and Fida Muhammad Khan
Determinants of Sugarcane Yield in District Charsadda, Pakistan
...domly selected sugarcane growers through structured questionnaire. The selection of farmers was based on proportional allocation technique in the selected villages. For data analysis, profit margin, gross margin and Cobb-Douglas production function were applied. The study found that the per acre profit of sugarcane was 289.82 US$. Labour and fertilizers costs were found major components in the total variable cost. The profit margin was obtained as 37.37%. Empi...
Shaiza Rasool1, Iftikhar Ahmad1*, Khurram Ziaf1, Irfan Afzal2, Muhammad A.S. Khan1, Muhammad Aashir Sajjad1 and Muhammad Zain Ali1
Seed Conditioning Effects on Germination Performance, Seedling Vigor and Flower Production of Zinnia elegans
...ecommended to commercial growers of zinnia or other annual flowers....
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Iftikhar Ahmad2, Jangraiz Khan3 and Azra4
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and farm Size on Wheat Productivity: A Case Study of District Peshawar, Pakistan
...arge and 40 small) wheat growers weretaken from twelve selected villages of Peshawar. An unpaired t-test was used to test the differences in the socioeconomic factors and farm sizes on the wheat production. Chow test were used for structural differences and dummy variable were introduced in the production function to test any significant productivity differentials (if any) between two farm groups. A significant difference was found awing to the socioeconomic f...
Malik Abdul Rehman1, Shafqat Ali1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1 and Mujahid Ali2*
Efficacy of Chemicals and Botanical Extracts to Control Citrus Canker on Kinnow in Sargodha Region
...re recommended to citrus growers to control canker in Kinnow plantations during the critical period....
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Zahoor Hussain2, Usman Saleem3, Asif Nawaz1, Tahir Munir Butt4 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
Assessment of Knowledge Level and Information Sources of Vegetable Growers regarding Tunnel Farming in District Sargodha
...ion sources of vegetable growers in district Sargodha aside from their knowledge level about vegetable production under tunnels. Every year there is a lot paid from the national exchequer for the import of vegetables, especially from the neighboring countries. To at least minimize those expenditures tunnel farming to a maximum level can give us a way forward. This transverse study has the Sargodha district as its universe. All the vegetable
Mehar Ul Nissa Rais1*, Tahmina Mangan1, Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito1 and Naeem Ahmed Qureshi2
A Trend Analysis: Forecasting Growth Performance of Production and Export of Chilli in Pakistan
...areness among the chilli growers to increase chilli production and quality for increase export share in the world market....
Ahmad Abrar Khan* and Muhammad Idrees
...majority (46.2%) apricot growers cultivated apricot on 01 kanal of land and major group (31.8%) were getting 51-70 Kg yields per tree. Moreover, 68.9% of apricot growers used chemical fertilizers, and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) application was also in practice by 62.9%. Apricot growers in major cases (59.1%) irrigated their crops in drought periods.In the majority of cases through wells/tube w...
Arshad Bhat1*, Masudul H. Wani1, Shabir A. Wani2, Abid Qadir3, Iqra Qureshi4 and Abid Sultan2
...sphere of choices to the growers, but the recognition of standard and sub-standard pesticides has made the growers very much perturbed and they lack confidence to rely on these pesticide outlets. By using such pesticides, the growers are being looted which in turn resulted in heavy cost involvement both visible and invisible. In this backdrop, present study attempts to highlight involvemen...
Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1*, Muhamad Jan1, Azhar Hussain2, Shoaib Akhtar1, Hussain Nawaz1, Muhammad Afzal3 and Humara Umar1
...eat attraction for olive growers and consumers. The last three-years (2017-2019) study was conducted with the objective to evaluate varietal performance of table olives i.e. Ascolana, BARI Zaitoon-1, Earlik, Gemlik, Hamdi, Hojiblanca, Manzanilla and Picual at Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal. Eight olives varieties were evaluated for their growth and yield under Pothwar region of Punjab, Pakistan. The trial was conducted with experimental...
Muhammad Afnan Rabbi, Iqtidar Hussain*, Ejaz Ahmed, Muhammad Saad and Aitezaz Ali Asad Shahani
...nd sugarcane, compel the growers to sowing late wheat and due to this wheat production becomes low. A foremost challenge for crop production is to increase its economic yields in an endurable manner by improving fertility of the soil. Many struggles have been done to enhance the wheat productivity since last decade. Use of synthetic plant growth regulators with nitrogen supply seems to be fruitful in this regard. So, an experiment was designed to assess the ef...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1
...ded to indigenous potato growers for commercial cultivation in areas where S. litura threatens potato crop....
Shahinshah Khan1*, Aijaz Ali Khooharo1, Zaheeruddin Mirani1 and Velo Suthar2
... wheat (62.3%) and onion growers (64.2%). On the Other hand, formal sources (seed companies and dealers) were common source of seed for cotton (97.7%); rice (92.2%); and tomato (100%) growers. Very negligible contribution of public sector was observed for the supply of quality seed to the farmers. Moreover, majority of the farmers believed that seed of the above-mentioned crops was available with difference sources, however,...
Shahzad Khan1*, Munir Khan1, Arif Alam2, Ikram Shah2, Mahfooz Khan1 and Fida Muhammad Khan1
... sample size of 41 wheat growers from farm households was chosen from these villages for data collection. Thus, selection of the farmers was based on the proportional allocation technique. However, primary data were randomly collected through face to face interview from the selected respondents with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire. For data analysis, profit margin, gross margin and Cobb-Douglas production function were applied. Therefore, the labou...
Nadeem Anwar1, Muhammad Luqman2*, Shaoib Nasir3, Moazzam Sabir1, Hafiz Bashir Ahmad4 and Saleem Ashraf5
...eting behavior of citrus growers on their socio-economic development. This research was conducted in district Sargodha, the hub of citrus production. The findings of the study indicate regarding harvesting behavior of the farmers that they do not harvest the fruit by their own. Only a small number of the citrus growers harvest the fruit by their own. Majority of the farmers were found to be unsatisfied about the role of inte...
Sana Javeid* and Khalid Nawab
... levels of apple orchard growers and association of different extension services with poverty in district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K). Primary data from 306 respondents were collected using multistage simple random sampling techniques. The data were collected using an interview schedule; analysis were carried out by using cross-tabulation, frequency counts, percentages through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). To measure the poverty l...
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza1, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2, Aftab Khan3, Hamdullah1 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...andom sample of 275 rice growers was selected from district Swabi, using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for collection of data from rice growers. Through Cobb-Douglas type production function (CDPF) data was analyzed. Results indicated that 1 percent increase in labor hours and urea increased yield by 0.411% and 0.231%, respectively, at 0.01 level of α (p-value = 0.000)....
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Sallam Shahzad2, Farhat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Luqman1, Usman Saleem3 and Shoaib Nasir4
...le comprised of 120 rice growers. A well-structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, mean and standard deviation were applied through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results showed that the use of farmers’ training as an extension method for promoting rice production technology was rated first. Weeds problems were ranked first among the problems faced by farmers for rice production. T...
Muhammad Usman Hanif, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Irfan Ullah
...ended to local vegetable growers for effective integrated management of E. vigintioctopunctata and other foliage-feeding beetles.
Novelty Statement | This study demonstrates the synergistic action of the binary combinations of biorational synthetic insecticide (spinosad) and botanical extract (Azadirachta indica) which can be effectively used against the infestations of hadda beetle Epilachna vi...
Yaregal Tilahun1*, Benyam Tadesse1, Getachew Mekonnen2 and Tilahun Bekele3
...re used from 135 tea out-growers. Based on the results, year 2017-018 has been used as production/base year. However, the productivity of tea in the 2020 production year is increased by 41.8% as the coverage of land for tea becomes increased by 53.6%. Lack of skill and knowledge (79.2%), lack of training and extension service 90.3%), low productivity (88.1%), the occurrence of pest and disease (80.7%), climate change (80.7%), weak market linkage (88.1%),...
Nawab Khan1, Ram L. Ray2, Muhammad Ihtisham3*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui4*, Muhammad Khayyam5, Raheel Anjum6 and Simplice A. Asongu7
...s recommended that apple growers need direct or indirect training about the latest technologies and innovations, which helps enhance the adoption rate, apple yield and production, andgrower’s income.
...
Tahir Munir Butt1*, Azra2, Muhammad Luqman3, Naveed Farah4 and Muhammad Yaseen3
...y selected 120 vegetable growers from each district who used to do vegetable farming using wastewater. Total sample size of the study was 240 vegetable growers. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by conducting research survey. Interview schedule as well as interview guide was used as the research instruments. The data thus collected were analyzed using SPSS for interpretation. Findings revealed the most promine...
Palwasha1, Siraj-ud-Din1 and Muhammad Fahim2*
...r the past decade. Peach growers were mostly owners in Swat and Chitral districts whereas in grower in rest of the districts were tenants (60-75%). Highest literacy rate was observed in Swat District, (high school/matriculates 55%), while illiteracy rate was highest in district Chitral (72%). We believe that along with lack of proper education, know how about the technology and its use in peach production, growing of decades old cultivars i.e., Elberta (No 6) ...
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad
... useful for local citrus growers in devising timely and suitable control strategies against D. mangiferae infestations on citrus plantations.
Novelty Statement | This research work describes the prevailing population dynamics of mealybug Drosicha mangiferae (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on citrus plantations of district Sargodha and worked out its correlation w...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Shahab E. Saqib2 and Saleem ur Rehman1
... this context, 350 wheat growers were purposively selected with 150 landowners and 200 tenants in the study area. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed. Furthermore, to estimate wheat productivity, differences in wheat productivity and socio-economic factors between owner and tenant wheat growers, a log-log regression model and an independent unpaired sample t-test was used in conjunction with face-to-face interview ...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ayesha Latif2, Majid Hamid Bajwa1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Ali Zohaib1, Naeem Faisal1 and Muhammad Hamza3
... 240. Among targeted MTR growers 72% had 6-row riding type mechanical transplanters (MT), 18% had 4-row walk after type MT and 10% had 8-row riding type MT. Super Basmati and PK 386 were found more adopted varieties with 47% and 38% share of rice area. An 11-13% improved yield and 16-20% more net returns estimated with MTR by acquiring required plant population in the field despite of paying 6.17% more operational cost for sowing and transplanting nursery. For...
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Arshad
...to the indigenous citrus growers combating mealybug infestations on citrus....
Auzair Javaid Butt, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai and Jahangir Khan
... that majority of potato growers followed the same marketing channel i.e. Producer → Wholesaler → Retailer → Consumer. The analysis shows that marketing-margins of potato growers, wholesalers and retailers is estimated as 31.8 percent, 24.1 percent, and 42 percent respectively. Similarly, the share of producer in consumer rupee is obtained as 31.3 percent, respectively. Marketing margin and cost indicated that...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil2*, Zafar Islam2, Muhammad Asif2, Ghani Akbar2, Muhammad Ashraf Khan3 and Ibadullah Jan4
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza2, Waqas Ahmad1, Nargis Bibi3, Aftab Khan2 and Jahangir Khan1
...an. A sample of 300 rice growers was drawn randomly using a multistage sampling procedure through a well-organized pretested interview schedule. Stochastic frontier models (SFM-1 and SFM-2) were utilized to investigate effects of farm inputs and socioeconomic factors on rice production. Results of SFM-1 explicated that all the regressors except irrigation numbers were highly significant with the estimated coefficients of 0.369, 0.047, 0.060, 0.246 and 0.098 fo...
Hafiz Kashif Ali1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mujahid Ali2*, Zahoor Hussain3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem4, Malik Abdul Rehman5, Barkat Ali6, Muhammad Iftikhar7
...conomic value to flowers growers globally. A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various bio-stimulants on yield and quality of stock. Three cultivars of stock, viz. ‘Cheerful White’, ‘Iron Rose’ and ‘Iron White’ foliarly sprayed by bio-stimulants (Isabion and Tecamin Max) with three different concentrations (1 ppm, 3 ppm, and 5 ppm) with the different number of sprays (1, 2, or 3 sprays). The first spray was app...
Riaz Noor Panhwar1*, Abdul Fatah Soomro1, Muhammad Chohan1, Illahi Bux Bhatti1, Ali Hassan Mari1, Samia Arain1 and Sagheer Ahmad2
...attributes acceptable to growers and sugar mills is necessary before releasing them as commercial varieties. The study was undertaken to evaluate variations in sugarcane genotypes employing four morphological (Cane thickness, cane height, millable stalks, and cane yield) and four quality-related (Brix, pol, purity, and commercial cane sugar percentage) traits. Experiments were conducted in plant crop for two consecutive years 2018-19 and 2019-20 during the aut...
Wasim Akram1, Azhar Hussain2*, Sartaj Ali2, Iqbal Hussain3 and Muhammad2
... which will benefit both growers and the environment....
Ahmad Abrar Khan1*, Ghulam Qadar1, Asif Ali Abro2 and Muhammad Awais3
...re collected from tomato growers by using an interview schedule in the union council Baffa of the study area. The results of the study focused that maximum land under tomato cultivation was found 8.75 and minimum 0.25 acres with a major group (35.4%) of tomato growers cultivating on 2.5 acre and below size of land. Chemical fertilizers were applied by all the respondents while one-third applied natural fertilizer along with ...
SAFDAR ALI KHAN1, FARHEEN ANSARI1, SANWAL ASLAM2*, AMJAD HUSSAIN3, MUREED HUSSAIN1, MAJID MAHMOOD4, ALI MUHAMMAD4, RAHMAT ALI1 , ASAD ASLAM3 AND FATIMA ALI1
...ns 68.9% was recorded in growers, followed by adults (67.9%) and chicks (27.8%). This could be attributed to the existing maternal immunity in the chicks and the longer exposure of the older chicken to both helminthes and ova from the surroundings. Female desi chicken (65.5%) was more infected as compared to male desi chicken (58.8%).
Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hammam, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed* and Mahfouz Mohamed Mostafa Abd-Elgawad
Hassan Raza1, Muhammad Kashif Afzal2, Muhammad Luqman1*, Tahir Munir Butt3, Muhammad Yaseen1 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
...el and adoption of olive growers of the Pothwar region of Punjab so that they can contribute effectively to the uplift of agriculture as well as their livelihoods. Pothwar region comprises Attock, Chakwal, Jhelum, and Rawalpindi districts. Three districts (Chakwal, Jhelum, and Attock) were purposively selected due to the maximum number of olive growers. The olive growers’ list with a...
Abdul Hassan1*, Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Ghulam Sadiq2 and Asif Nawaz3
...om 130 sampled vegetable growers comprised of 65 respondents each from Nowshera and Charsadda districts through pre-tested interview schedule during financial year 2020-21. Principal Component Analysis was used for determining the risk and coping strategies of the farmers. Moreover, Ordinary Least Square regression model was applied for determining the relationship among perceived risk source elements obtained from factor analysis and farmers’ socioecono...
Muhammad Raza Salik1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1,2*, Ayesha Komal3, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah4, Faheem Altaf5, Akbar Hayat1 and Hira Tariq1
...gs, it is recommended to growers to grow Kinnow plants at spacing of 22` × 22` and 18` × 18` as these treatments resulted in fruitful results in many parameters studied....
Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah2*, Azhar Hussain2, Zoma Saleem2, Syed Hamza Mehfooz2 and Javeria Sherani3
... a cash crop for orchard growers and fruit producers. It is famous for its dietary and economic benefits all over the world. Field experiences and literature reveals that avocado varieties behave differently in different locations. These studies were conducted for standardization of promising commercial variety of avocado for cultivation in Punjab. Avocado varieties Murree Gola and Ceylon blue were tested in different locations for their performance. Data was ...
Alveena Izhar1*, Basit Ullah2, Rabia Asghar1, Aqeel Ahmad1 and Hassam Bin Mujahid1
...d for climate change and growers of district Peshawar....
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Faheem Ahmed Jatoi1 and Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito2
...nd proved that the Lemon growers earning profit in changing situation. Previously there is no such type of comprehensive assessment study on Lemons and its cost benefit has been taken in this area. Considering the aforementioned facts, this piece of work has been taken with the objective to evaluate the per hectare economic assessment of the lemons. So, it is dire needed to conduct the research study on lemons to benefit the livelihood and pave the way for new...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...sses in production. Many growers result to the use of synthetic nematicides to combat this risk. However, due to the increasing awareness about the detrimental effects of chemicals on human health and the environment, its continuous use is discouraged worldwide. The search for other eco-friendly alternatives has led to the use of different plant extracts with known pesticidal properties. This current research was conducted to determine the nematicidal status o...
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai1, Muhammad Nasrullah2, Jahangir Khan3*, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Raheel Saqib4, Naheed Zahra5 and Mansoor Rasheed6
...ve efficiency of tobacco growers during 2019. Primary data was collected through face to face interview and a sample of 120 tobacco growers was selected. These growers were randomly selected from three villages namely Takar Kaly, Garo Shah, and Pasand Kaly of tehsil Takhtbai, district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Empirical findings reveal that labour, chemical, irrigation, seed, poultry m...
Shabana Mangi1, Waheed Ali Panhwar1, Abdul Manan Shaikh1, G. Sarwar Solangi2, Khalid Hussain Rind3, Nazir Ahmed Abro4, Zaibun-nisa Memon1, Gul Hafeeza Lund1 and Paras Somroo1
...ffect the economy of the growers in the affected areas. Aptopus opata is a differ from the closely related species on the taxonomical basis including male genitalia and external morphology represented as its body is lengthened, brown to blackish in body coloration, with densely coarse punctures on whole body, frons depressed, prontal angles tapered, lengthened, scutellum shield shaped trigonal spots, 1st to 3rd antennomers quadrates, clypeus bigonal, legs leng...
Umair Talib, Ijaz Ashraf , Robert Agunga and Saleem Ashraf
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Hanif Gul
...nd more pressure on tree growers to maximize wood yield from the same land in the shortest possible time....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
... cooperation between the growers and the consumers to the benefit of both the sides. In view of the chronic shortage of raw material to feed the pulp and paper industry in Pakistan, planting of fast growing species in irrigated forest plantations, extensive practice of agro-forestry and involvement of private enterprise in such projects of national importance has been recommended....
Raja Walayat Hussain and Muhammad Afzal Cheema
... handsome revenue to the growers. The trees also have no adverse effect on their cash crop as the shade of the crowns is not dense. Closely planted, the trees along the border of the fields act as a live hedge against cattle and a useful wind break....
Hazrat Younas1,*, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai1, Amjad Ali1 and Rizwan Ahmad2
...m a sample of 119 tomato growers through a well-designed questionnaires and structured interviews. The research employed a multistage sampling technique to acquire primary research data, and the Cobb-Douglas type Stochastic Frontier Production model was utilized with maximum likelihood estimation. The outcomes unveiled a technical efficiency range of 0.73 to 0.76, with an average of 0.75. Notably, variables such as seedling, ploughing, labor, FYM, and pesticid...
Umm-e-Kulsoom1, Saima Hashim2, Fazli Wahid3, Haseena Gulzar4 and Tamana Bakht5
...r concern for the potato growers. As per our documentation survey, Amaranthus viridis and Chenopodum album were found as major weeds infesting potato fields. At maturity, the seeds of these weeds were collected and the major trees that were found on the sides of nearly all potato fields were identified as Juglans sp, Cedrus sp, and Pinus sp. The bark, stem and leaves of these species (donor plants) were collected and stored. After drying, the plant materials w...
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Abdul Hafeez Mastoi2, Sanaullah Sattar3, Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito4 and Shahid Ali Jakhrani1
... Sindh, Pakistan. Cotton growers immediately take some control measures before to avoid pest infestation. This study also have significant implications for pest management against destructive insect pest species of the cotton crop in future endeavors. ...
Mok Sam Lum, Nurul Fadhilah binti Aldam and Clament Fui Seung Chin*
...w, prepare, and apply by growers, in compensation for the reduction of 10 kg ha-1 urea used in sweet corn cultivation.
...
Arshad Iqbal1, Shahid Javed Butt1, Zia Ul Haq2*, Ismara Naseem3, Qaisar Ali Khan4 and Muhammad Sajid1
...is economic loss imposes growers for the adoption of suitable packing materials. The utility of packaging material enhances the shelf-life of fruit, while the selection of packing material depends on its availability, affordability, and performance. To examine the effects of various packing materials on the postharvest life of hydroponically grown tomatoes and to access the best packing materials used to maintain postharvest quality. An experiment was conducte...
