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Antifungal Efficacy of Plant Extracts and Chemicals against Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease of Spinach

Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo¹, Nasir Ahmed Rajput¹*, Muhammad Atiq¹, Shahbaz Talib Sahi¹, Nasir Ahmad Khan¹, Akhtar Hameed², Noor Muhammad¹ and Muhammad Saqib Mushtaq¹

... extract were applied as tilt and moringa alone and their combination. The plants treated with tilt + moringa was found effective as compared to alone applications. tilt + moringa showed minimum disease incidence (15%) followed by Tilt (18.33%) and moringa (32.33%) as compared to control. While under the field conditions same combination of

Comparative Analysis of Biosurfactant Production Assays by Five Indigenous Oil Sludge Bacteria

AZKA ASIF, HAREEM MOHSIN*, SADIA N CHAUDHRY, & WARDA FATIMA

...reading technique (OST), tilted glass slide assay (TGS), drop collapse assay, emulsification index E24 and emulsification assay were used to evaluate production of biosurfactants in five biochemically identified strains isolated form oil contaminated sites. All strains used were known producers of biosurfactants but showed variable results for different tests. Four of five strains produced similar results for OST, TGS and emulsification assay. Drop collapse as...

Avian Diversity and its Associated Threats in Gharo Creek, District Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan

Rahmat Ullah Khan*¹, Karim Gabol¹, Abbas Khan¹, Asif Sadam², Waheed Ali Panhwar³, Hamid Ullah⁵, Muhsin Ali⁴, Gul Bacha Khan⁴ and Habib Ul Hassan¹

...ere Indian black-winged stilt (375) followed by great egret (180), western reef egret (75), house sparrow (72), little egret (60), house crow (55), common myna (43), white eared bulbul (40) and greater sand plover (40). In the Gharo Creek area significantly (P<0.05) higher diversity was recorded as compared to the Scrubland forest area and Bhambor (Terrestrial) Fort area. However, threats responsible for the decline of biodiversity and density of avifauna i...

Performance Evaluation of Super Seeder for Wheat Sowing in Rice-Wheat Cropping System of Pakistan

Muhammad Tahir Latif¹*, Muzzammil Hussain¹, Ali Zohaib² and Ishtiaq Hassan³

...anic matter, better soil tilth and enhanced fertilizer uptake efficiency which ultimately increased the yield over the other comparative wheat sowing techniques.

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Field efficacy of Malathion, Dimilin and Atabron against Amaltas leaf Stitcher Piesmopoda obliquifasciella L.

Ghulam Ali Bajwa

The Addition of Andrographis paniculata in the Diet of Tegal Ducks Reared in Different Cage Densities and the Effect on Gut Microflora, Internal Organs, Profile Lipids, and Duck Performance

Istna Mangisah*, Lilik Krismiyanto, Vitus Dwi Yunianto Budi Ismadi, Mulyono Mulyono, Nyoman Suthama, Fajar Wahyono

...0 experimental units in stilt cages following a completely randomized design procedure, 5 treatments, and 4 replications. The research ration was prepared with an EM content of 2900 kcal/kg and 18% crude protein. The treatments tested included T0: density of 5 ducks/m2 + basal ration, T1: density of 5 ducks/m2 + 0.25% ALM, T2: density of 5 ducks/m2 + 0.5% ALM, T3: density of 10 ducks/m2 + 0.25% ALM, T4: density of 10 ducks/m2 + 0.5% ALM. The parameters measure...