Benefits of Incorporating Atipamezole in Medetomidine-ketamine Anaesthesia in Pigeons
Benefits of Incorporating Atipamezole in Medetomidine-ketamine Anaesthesia in Pigeons
Atta Muhammad Memon1, Ubedullah Kaka2*, Muhammad Umer3, Asghar Ali Kamboh4, Atique Ahmed Behan5, Habibullah Janyaro6, Yong Meng Goh7, Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro6, Jalila Abu8, Khaleeq ur Rehman Bhutto9 and Arsalan Maqbool10
Fig. 1.
Pulse rate (Mean ± SE) following MK and MKA treatment in a crossover design using 12 pigeons.
* denotes significant difference from baseline, # denotes significant treatment difference at corresponding time points. ^ denotes significant difference from pre-induction values at 5 min, and P < 0.05. MK, medetomidine ketamine; MKA, medetomidine ketamine and atipamezole; Green arrow indicates time of administration of atipamezole; red arrow indicates time of induction with ketamine.
Fig. 2.
Respiratory rate (Mean ± SE) following MK and MKA treatment in a crossover design using 12 pigeons. For other details see Figure 1.
Fig. 3.
Cloacal temperature (Mean±SE) following MK and MKA treatment in a crossover design using 12 pigeons. For other details see Figure 1.
December 2021
Vol. 53, Iss. 6, Pages 2001-2521
