Combination of a Probiotic Mix and Diminazene Aceturate in Treatment of Trypanosoma brucei Infection in Sprague Dawley Rats
Combination of a Probiotic Mix and Diminazene Aceturate in Treatment of Trypanosoma brucei Infection in Sprague Dawley Rats
Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo1*, Ikenna Onyema Ezeh2, Chinelo Nnenna Uju3 and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze1
Mean total erythrocyte counts (x106cells/µL) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean haemoglobin concentration (g/dl) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean total leucocyte count (x103 cells/µL) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with Multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean absolute lymphocyte counts (x103 cells/µL) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean absolute neutrophils Counts (x103 cells/µL) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with Multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean blood urea concentration (mg/dL) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean serum creatinine concentration (mg/dL) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (IU/L) of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (IU/L) activity of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multistrain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated. *corresponds to day 4 post treatment; **corresponds to day 11 post treatment.
Mean serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration on Day 16 post supplementation (day 4 post treatment) in Rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain Probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated.
Mean serum catalase activity on day 16 post supplementation (day 4 post treatment) in rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with multi-strain probiotics and diminazene aceturate. A: Infected + Probiotics + 7mg/Kg Diminazene; B: Infected + Probiotics + 3.5mg/Kg Diminazene; C: Infected + Probiotics only; D: Infected + Diminazene 3.5mg/kg only; E: Infected + untreated; F: Uninfected + untreated.
