Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Nosheen Aslam2, Arshad Javid3, Shehzadi Liaquat1,Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1, 4, Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1 and Muhammad Adnan Khalid1
...d to evaluate effects of probiotics on mineral absorption, haematology and carcass composition of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings fed canola meal-based diet. Six test diets were prepared by using graded levels of probiotics (Protexin) such as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 gKg-1 level in the canola meal based diet. Triplicate tanks were used for each treatment and 15 fingerlings were stocked in each replicate. Finge...
Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo1*, Ikenna Onyema Ezeh2, Chinelo Nnenna Uju3 and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze1
...tation with multi-strain probiotics was started in groups A--C from day 0 post-supplementation (PS). On day 7 PS all experimental groups (A--E) were challenged with 1x106 trypanosomes intraperitoneally except the uninfected control (F). When parasitaemia peaked, groups A and B received 7mgKg-1 and 3.5mgKg-1 of diminazene aceturate (DA) respectively alongside ongoing probiotics supplementation. Group C received only
Shaukat Ali1,*, Sadia Batool2, Fatima Javed Butt2, Sundas Nasreen1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1
...posed directions towards probiotics or biotics-cancer treatment strategy. The probiotics are present in the human gut region and acting as a health promoter; as they have antioxidative, immunomodulatory, antipathogenic and anti-cancerous properties. Review based on the futuristic and modern aspects of cancer treatment, we believe that probiotics based cancer treatment would be supportive t...
Jing Zhang1,2, Xin Wang2, Yun Zhao2, Yongcheng Jin2, Yongfeng Zhou2, Junmei Wang2, Yurong Fu2, Rui Wang2, Ruihua Li2, Hengtong Fang2 and Hao Yu2,*
...tive increase of colonic probiotics in mice, especially the increase of lactobacillus can reduce intestinal mucosal immunotoxicity.
...
Imran Khan1, Muhammad Nawaz1,*, Aftab Ahmad Anjum1, Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad2, Adnan Mehmood1, Masood Rabbani1, Amina Mustafa1 and Muhammad Asad Ali1
...as not supplemented with probiotics. Positive control groups received only the challenge bacteria (S. enteritidis) ATCC 13076 at day 07. Groups (3, 4 and 5) received probiotics (IKP23, IKP111, IKP333) at day 01 to 35 and challenge bacteria at day 07 in prevention model. Groups (6, 7 and 8) started receiving probiotic at day 07 to day 35 and challenge bacteria at day 07 in treatment model. Group 09 started receiving co...
Asma Chaudhary1, Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad1, Afia Muhammad Akram1, Sadia Roshan2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3*
...(G1b, G2b). Provision of probiotics was evident to alleviate pathogen virulence in fish. The emerging multi-drug resistance and related side effects of conventional therapies have caused researchers to explore alternate strategies, such as probiotics employment for disease control in aquaculture.
...
Abdul Muhaimin Wahab1, Basit Zeshan2,*, Naveed Ahmed2, Muhammad Afzal2 and Muhammad Naveed2
...ted water source, use of probiotics, implementing strict biosecurity and good hygiene practices. In conclusion, the prevalence of C. jejuni in broiler chicken farms in Kelantan was high. Therefore, the farmer should always aware with this public health threat by avoiding those potential risk factors that are associated with the colonization of Campylobacter.
... 
Anguara Khatun1*, Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury1, Bibek Chandra Roy2, S.M. Shafikul Gani3, Bipul Chandra Ray1, Tanvir Ahmed1
... of feeding multi-strain probiotics and multi-enzymes on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and cost-effectiveness in commercial broiler production. Four hundred eighty Cobb 500 straight run broiler chicks were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments each of eight replications having 20 birds each. The basal diets were corn-soya broiler starter and broiler grower diets. Starter diet was fed up to 21 days and grower diet during 22-35 days. In tre...
Tran Thi Bich Ngoc1,2, Ninh Thi Huyen1,2, Nguyen Cong Oanh2, Pham Kim Dang2*
...etary supplementation of probiotics (PROB), organic acids (ORAC), and their mix (PROR) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal noxious gas concentration in grower-finisher pigs. Twenty-four barrows [(Pietrain × Duroc) × (Landrace × Yorkshire)], with an average initial body weight of 26 ± 0.77 kg (around 75 days old), were equally divided into four dietary groups, 6 replicates each group. The animals were housed individ...
Indah Prihartini1*, Miftachi Ari2, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum3,4, Akhis Soleh Ismail1 and Listiari Hendraningsih1
...pplementation lignolitic probiotics in rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) on digestibility and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis using in vitro residual gas production and the optimal lignolitic probiotic in rice straw. The materials used were rice straw IR 64 cultivar and lignolitic TPG probiotic. The method used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four levels of treatments and three groups. In addition, a further test was conducted usin...
Mirza Lena1,2, Dinda Fathia Syahramadani2, Alfi Nurrachma Gustya2, Arif Darmawan2,3, Sumiati2, Wiwin Winarsih4, Minoru Maeda5, Komang Gede Wiryawan2*
...ects of combined dietary probiotics L. lactis D1813 and B. licheniformis D3270 on broiler performance, energy utilization, intestinal morphology, and microbial population. A total of 600 one-d-old Lohmann broiler chicks of 300 males and 300 females were used and reared for 35 days. Chicks were distributed into 6 groups (100 birds, 5 replicates of 20 birds) in a completely randomized design. The treatment diets were basal diet with 0.1% different supplementatio...
Soliman Mohammed Soliman
...dditives (green seaweed, probiotics Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Yucca schidigera) on in-vitro total gas and methane production, in-vivo rumen fermentation parameters, and milk production in dairy cows. Twenty Friesian cows were randomly allocated to four groups (five cows /group). All cows were fed TMR (total mixed rations). The first group was fed TMR without supplementation, groups from 2 to 4 were fed TMR supplemented with o...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
...y, bovine milk, sericin, probiotics (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Spirulina), vitamins (C and E), royal jelly, ascorbic acid, cowpea seed powder, AgNPs, secondary metabolites (phenols flavonoids, phenolic amino acids and proline) and white hen’s egg at different larval instars. Economic parameters (pupal weight, shell ratio (%), cocoon weight, filament length, shel...
Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree1*, Pornpan Saenphoom1, Sittichai Bunlue1, Silchai Washiraomornlert1, Warangkana Kitpipit2,3,4, Soranot Chotnipat1
...combining prebiotics and probiotics to improve gut microbiology, digestibility, and performance of broilers. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of synbiotic from trimmed asparagus by-products (TABP) combined with probiotic supplementation in broiler diets on the apparent nutrient digestibility, cecal microbiota, small intestinal morphology, and performance. Three hundred twenty-one days old, Ross 308® chicks; were raised under ambie...
Widiastuti Ardiansyah1,3*, Osfar Sjofjan2, Eko Widodo2, Suyadi Suyadi2, Danung Nur Adli2
...etary turmeric flour and probiotics on gut characteristics and production performance of Mojosari ducks. The turmeric consisted bioactive substances, while Lactobacillus sp. produced lactic acid bacteria. The 280 laying ducks used were Mojosari ducks aged 20–28 weeks reared for eight weeks on the experimental diet. The Curcuma longa flour used was produced by Balai Materia Medika, Batu District and the liquid probiotics
Ali Hasan1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Nasreen Muzaffer1, Shamsa Jabeen1 and Ali Hussain2
...cts of organic acids and probiotics on growth of Apis mellifera workers were studied under different experimental conditions. Significant weight gain was observed in workers of the experimental group 8 (pollen + Bacillus clausii in 50 % (w/v) sucrose in distilled water), group 9 (pollen + B. clausii in 50 % (w/v) sucrose in 2.99 % lactic acid), group 12 (pollen + Lactobacillus brevis in 50 % (w/v) sucrose in distilled water) and group 14 (pollen + L. brevis in...
Ahmed A. Mohammed1, Madeha H. A. Darwish1, Eman A.A. Negm2, Ayman S. Abdel- Maguid3
...uence of the addition of probiotics in broiler diets on the economic outcomes of production. Total 120 broiler chicks were divided into three groups of fourty birds each (C, L, & H) fed with diverse concentrations of Probiotics. After the first week of treatment, the two groups (L and H) displayed a probiotics effect that manifested as a significant increase in body weight (BW) than th...
Husmaini1*, Sabrina1, Firda Arlina1, Linda Suhartati1, Yozella Martilova2
... determine the effect of probiotics Lactococcus plantarum and Pediococcus pentasaceus using a purple sweet potato carrier on laying hen’s performance and egg quality. This study used 210 layers of medium-type laying hens, Strain Isa Brown, 38 weeks old. The method used was an experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) with seven treatments and three replications. The observed variables were ration consumption, ration conversion, egg mass produ...
Ahmad Nadeem1,2 and Rubina Arshad1,2,*
...These eco-friendly plant probiotics offer great potential for crop improvement and could further be exploited by conducting field trials for investigating their potential as an alternative to agrochemicals....
Ahmed H. Abed1, Ahmed Orabi2*, Wafaa Hassan3, , Enas Hammad4 , Ghada Gaber5
...stances such as lectins, probiotics, and essential oils have a unique immune-potentiating effect on broiler chickens’ immunity challenged with E. coli. One hundred and twenty broiler chicks were separated into eight equal groups in an in vitro experiment (15 birds for each group). A negative control group was the first group. There were 3 groupings were given immune modulatory agents (lectins, probiotic, and essential oil) for five days without being cha...
Jeki Mediantari Wahyu Wibawanti1,3, Sri Mulyani2*, Rudy Hartanto1, Ahmad Ni’matullah Al-Baarri2, Yoyok Budi Pramono2, Anang Mohamad Legowo2
...ic. Inulin combined with probiotics would be an ideal synbiotic for yogurt. By combining the synergistic effects of prebiotics and probiotics, synbiotic yogurts have the potential to be functional foods. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of synbiotics from the inulin of mangrove apple and Lactobacillus plantarum in the characteristics of goat milk. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) wi...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Hamna Rashid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Sana Bashir1, Fatima Khalid1 and Nisar Ahmad3
...ed to find the effect of probiotics on haemato-immunity and proximate composition of Catla catla fingerlings fed on rapeseed meal-based diet (RSM). Probiotics enhance the effectiveness of feed utilization, compete against pathogens, and provide resistance against diseases. Six experimental diets were formulated by utilizing an RSM-based meal supplemented with graded levels of probiotics su...
Widiastuti Ardiansyah1,3, Osfar Sjofjan2*, Eko Widodo2, Suyadi Suyadi2, Danung Nur Adli2
...t + 0.2% turmeric + 0.1% probiotics, T4 = basal diet + turmeric 0.8% + 0.6% probiotics, and T5 = basal feed + bacitracin 0.01%. The data were analysed using Proc Means for multiple variates and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significant difference (p < 0.05) was applied if treatments were significant. The regression equation y = 0.076x + 0.005 was obtained with coefficient r = 0.999. The results on the reproduc...
Istna Mangisah1*, Heni Rizqiati2, Nyoman Suthama1
...lly influenced by either probiotics or prebiotics as well as their combination. This study aimed to investigate the feeding effect of Lactobacillus casei and dahlia tuber extract (LDTE) mixture on intestinal microbial, digestive and immune organs weights, nutrient digestibility, and productive performance of broiler starter. Day-old broiler chickens with an average body weight of 45.61 ± 3.46 g, a total of 160 birds, were placed evenly in 20 experimenta...
Kamel Etman Ibrahim Etman*, Salah Kamal Sayed, Farouk Amin El-Sayed, Abd-Alghany Hasaneen Ghoniem, Mostafa Mohamed El-Nahrawy, Mona Ahmed Alsayed Farag
...;...
Lovita Adriani1*, Chitra Kumalasari1, Endang Sujana2, Ronny Lesmana3
...administration of powder probiotics of 3% and 4 % has improved the hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, and leukocyte levels, and decreased cholesterol, and triglyceride blood levels.
Keywords | Probiotic powder, Late-phase laying hens, Hematology, Biochemistry, Lipid profile, Physiological traits, Immunostimulant, Gut micro flora
...
Sadaf Aman1, Fouzia Tabssum2, Ali Hussain3, Shamsa Jabeen1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...t based feeds added with probiotics. Conclusively, fish production can be enhanced with the addition of probiotics in the feed derived from plants....
Bin Hu1*, Jianchang Qu2, Tenglong Han3 and Jun Leng1
...al therapy combined with probiotics on oral and intestinal flora, inflammatory factors and blood sugar control in patients with diabetes and periodontitis. A total of 72 diabetic patients with periodontitis who were treated in our hospital were taken as the expirmental objects, as the control group (n=36) and the study group (n=36). Patients in the control group received normal diabetes treatment and basic periodontal treatment, and the study group received pr...
Chitra Kumalasari1,2, Lovita Adriani2*, Indrawati Yudha Asmara3, Nazri Nayan4
...xplores the potential of probiotics that can increase egg production in laying hen late-phase, which discusses the reproductive system, including hormones and the reproductive tract, productivity, digestive system, and health of laying hens at an advanced age. This article attempts to provide a complete summary of the potential benefits of probiotics in prolonging the production cycle of late-phase laying hens based on exist...
Mohamed Mahrous Amer1*, Hanaa Sayed Fedawy2, Hoda Mohamed Mekky2, Khaled Mohamed Elbayoumi2, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy3, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila2
...s well as application of probiotics to improve and restore good gut health.
Keywords | Cellulitis, Experimental infection, Broiler chickens, Clinical signs, Pathological lesion, Control, Colistin, Doxycycline, Hematology, Bacterial diseases
... 
SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1*, MUNAZZA DANISH AJAZ2, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL3, AHSAN SATTAR SHEIKH4 & FIRDAUS KOUSAR BUKHARI5
...ltry. In addition, a few probiotics have been instrumental to cut down the adverse effects rendered due to the classical antibiotic therapies with particular reference (wpr) to GIT. Particular probiotic strains (including Lactobacillus johnsonni La1 and Saccharomyces boulardii) have been able to downgrade the concentration of bacteria. It has been reported that Lactobacillus reuteri is at par in efficacy in this regard. The aim of this article involves the pro...
Zahir Muhammad1, Muhammad Zubair Anjum1*, Shamim Akhter1, Muhammad Irfan1, Saira Amin1, Yousaf Jamal1, Sharjeel khalid2 and Shakira Ghazanfar2
...imes;108 cfu) or (T0-(No probiotics) for 60 days in a triplicate manner (n=10/replicate/aquarium of 1 ft3). Growth performance was assessed by final weight (FW) weight gain (WG), average daily weight gain (AWG), specific growth rate (SGR, %), percent % weight gain (% WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Morphometry was also taken for total length (TL); standard length (SL); dorsal fin length (DFL); head length (HL); eye diameter (ED); pectoral fin length (PFL...
Rizki Dwi Setiawan1, Zurmiati2, Wizna2, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli2, Ade Trisna3, Surya Aulia4
... ...
Junita Mayasari, Vira Oktavia, Indri Juliyarsi, Ade Sukma, Sri Melia*
...acteria that qualify for probiotics, so it can be recommended as a functional food.
Keywords | Glucomannan, Lactic acid bacteria, Sensory, Viscosity, Prebiotic, Fibre
...
Diding Latipudin*, Chitra Kumalasari, Lovita Adriani
...Randomized Design. Dried probiotics used cow’s milk, soybean milk, and mung bean milk in combination with the oven-dry method. Dried probiotics can protect kidney cells from stress and free radicals in late-phase laying hens, which can be demonstrated by normal levels of creatinine, uric acid, and urea, thereby increasing productivity. The treatment consists T0: basal rations, T1: basal rations + 100% CM dr...
Shamsa Jabeen and Javed Iqbal Qazi*
...muscle grafted mice with probiotics showed 157% and 130% increase, respectively on day 5, whereas on 14th days post-transplantation CK values showed 45.6% and 4%, respectively increase compared with the values of intact control. The LDH activity increase 52.27% and 19.46%, respectively on day 7 when compared with intact control. On 14th days post-transplantation corresponding values for control and probiotics were 23.0% and ...
SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL2 & MUNAZZA AJAZ3
...rategies/agents such as, probiotics, CRISPRs, bacteriophages, nanotechnology and phytochemicals....
MUHAMMAD SHRAFAT ALI1, UZMA HAMEED2* & IKRAM-UL-HAQ3
Jacob Situmeang1, Lovita Adriani1*, Deny Saefulhadjar1, Safri Ishmayana2
... study, it is hoped that probiotics can increase protein levels and reduce lipid and cholesterol levels in chicken egg yolks. This study aims to determine the activity of the protease and lipase enzymes from yogurt and the effect and level of use of probiotic powder, which can increase protein and reduce lipid and cholesterol levels in chicken egg yolks. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and eight replicati...
Teedzai Chitura*
...tics. The application of probiotics in poultry production appears to be an economically feasible alternative. Hence, the present review aims to provide comprehensive information regarding the use of probiotics as a management tool for improving poultry performance while ensuring the production of safe meat and other poultry products. It was hypothesized that probiotic supplementation can successfully replace the use of antib...
Danish Riaz1,2, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2*, Majid Hussain3, Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan4 and Eman Naeem2
...gn: justify;">The use of probiotics as feed additives has been extensively explored and serves a protective function against gut pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of supplementing Catla catla fingerlings fed a diet including sunflower meal (SFM) with probiotics (Protexin®) on growth performance, nutritional digestibility, and hematological indicators. Six test diets and one c...
Md. Shahidul Islam*, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Md. Sodrul Islam, Kazi Khalid Ibne Khalil and Apurbo Kumar Mondal
... evaluate the effects of probiotics over antibiotic growth promoter on growth performance and hematology of broiler chicken. To perform the study, a total number of sixty (60) day old ‘Cobb 500’ broiler chicks were randomly divided into three groups, naming group C that was supplied with normal broiler ration as control, group B was supplied with normal ration along with supplementation of probiotics, BACTOSAC @ ...
Ari Firmansyah1, Lovita Adriani1*, Andi Mushawwir1, Novi Mayasari1, Denny Rusmana1, Safri Ishmayana2
Hafsa Tauqir1, Imran Ahmad2 and Muhammad Bilal Sadiq1*
...of the sample along with probiotics enumeration. Significant changes in the pH were not observed, however samples fortified with 4% BPE showed the highest total solid content, titratable acidity and lactic acid bacteria count. Beetroot pomace is a promising source of betalain pigments, phenolic compounds and has strong antimicrobial potential. The effective utilization of byproducts like beetroot pomace in the formulation of functional food products can serve ...
Zhenyu Chang1,3, Qingqing Xiao1,2, Yourong Ye1,2, Mujahid Iqbal4, Mengqi Duan1,2, Yangzom Chamba1,2* and Peng Shang1,2*
...ilization of Tibetan pig probiotics. Seventeen strains of Lactobacillus isolated from Tibetan pig manure were identified by physiology, biochemistry, 16S rRNA molecular biology and acid and bile salt tolerance tests. The results showed that, screened strain is Lactobacillus Roy’s F1. Tibetan pig source Roy’s Lactobacillus F1 showed the ability to grow maximum when the inoculation was 1%, the temperature 37 ℃ and pH = 7. This strain depicted a str...
Mati Ullah1*, Muhammad Rizwan2, Ali Raza3, Xianlin Zhao4, Yanling Sun4, Sarah Gul5, Muhammad Ihtesham Waheed6, Muhammad Nadeem Khan7, Alvina Gul8, Sami Ullah Jan9* and Chao Huang4*
...erstanding of the famous probiotics bacterial species for general as well as commercial applications. This study could also be used basis for similar studies....
Indah Nurfauziah1, Lovita Adriani1*, Rahmad Fani Ramadhan1, Andi Mushawwir1, Safri Ishmayana2
Maqsood Jan1, Muhammad Zubair Anjum1*, Zahir Muhammad1, Misbah Farooq1, Muhammad Qayash Khan2 and Shamim Akhter1
...of commercially prepared probiotics (PREPRO) containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on body composition of grass carp (fingerlings). Grass carp is a fresh water fish of edible test and having multiple feed sources. The study was aimed to enhance the production and improve the meat quality of a grass carp in controlled environment. A total of 120 grass carp (fingerlings) were selected and stocked in 12 glass aquaria (n=10 fish in each) in a triplicate manner wit...
Rico Anggriawan1, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari2, Sri Hidanah3, Muhammad Anam Al-Arif4, Diyah Ayu Candra5
...o add additional feed or probiotics as additional feed. The aim of this research is to analyse performance of broiler chickens in open house cages with additional probiotic nutrition. The research method used is experimental based with a post-test design only for the control group. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). 30 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to three treatments (P0, P1, and P2) at least six times in each group. The results o...
Desak Putu Mas Ari Candrawati*, I Gede Mahardika, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura, Ni Wayan Siti
...">The combined effect of probiotics and prebiotics (PPS) in broiler’s digestive tract is effective in improving nutrient absorption and broilers health. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate synbiotic effect of PPS in broilers diets on performance, blood lipid profiles, and pathogenic bacteria in intestines. Synbiotic comprised a combination of prebiotics Moringa oleifera leaves and probiotics yeast culture in a rati...
Kremlin Mark B. Ampode1,2,3*, Ramanathan Solaiyappan1, Baskaralingam Vaseeharan1
...ZnONPs) synthesized from probiotics like Bacillus subtilis. This study explored the potential effects of ZnONPs synthesized using Bacillus subtilis on the performance, antioxidant activity, and neurotoxicity of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). A total of 96 fish were divided into four groups: T1 (Control), T2 (3 mg ZnONPs /g diet), T3 (6 mg ZnONPs /g diet), and T4 (9 mg ZnONPs /g diet), with four replicates per group arranged in a completely randomized desig...
Fahmida Manin1*, Yusrizal1, Mairizal1, Lovita Adriani2, Andi Mushawwir2
... the best combination of probiotics and phytobiotics with improved performance, the ability to reduce the cases of intestinal dysbiosis, lower cholesterol and saturated fat with an increase in unsaturated fat in broiler meat. The treatments were T0 = without Probio_FM and phytobiotics, T1 = Probio_FM + Curcuma longa, T2 = Probio_FM + turmeric, T3 = Probio_FM + ginger and T4 = Probio_FM + combined (Curcuma longa, turmeric and ginger). The experimental design us...
Sehar Aslam1, Muhammad Qasim1*, Mohsin Khurshid2*, Usman Ali Ashfaq1 and Muhammad Akhtar Ali3
...ed gut microbiome. While probiotics can be sourced from various sources, this study focuses on isolating and characterizing novel probiotic strains from dairy sources, specifically Dahi. To evaluate the probiotic potential of these isolates, various biochemical, morphological, and physiological tests were performed, followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to genotype the isolates. The tolerance of the isolates to pH, temperature, and bile salt, as well as their a...
Sadaf Aman1, Yung Fu Chang2, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Rahman Ullah3* and Farah Aman4
...feeding with and without probiotics in canola meal and corn gluten meal. The control group was fed with commercial feed. Before stocking, all the aquaria were dried for 3 days. One eighty hundred and eighty fish (Labeo rohita) were stocked in 9 aquaria. Twenty fishes were kept in each group. Before stocking, the fish was treated with KMnO4. In treatment 1 (T1) fish were fed with canola meal along with Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NR-113332.1). In treatment 2 (T2) ...
