Comparative Study on Detection of Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Bovine Tuberculous Lesions
Comparative Study on Detection of Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Bovine Tuberculous Lesions
Asad Ullah1*, Faizan Hafeez2, Raheela Taj3, Shumaila Gul4, Imad Khan1, Brekhna Faheem5, Mansoor Ahmad5, Rafiq Ullah5, Ashfaq Ahmad5, Muhammad Hanif5, Aziz Ullah Khan5, Muhammad Owais Khan5, Abdul Basit5, Muhammad Idrees Khan6, Shakirullah Khan7 and Muneeb Islam8
ABSTRACT
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious and zoonotic disease. A tentative diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis was made following the macroscopic detection at necropsy of typical lesions. Histopathological examination of the lesion enhances the confidence of the diagnosis but bacteriological isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from the lesion is the only way to make a definitive diagnosis. The postmortem investigations were carried out for the detection of tuberculous lesions mainly affected by the workload time and the diligence of the meat inspector conducting the examination. The aim of the study was to determine the trend of occurrence of tuberculous lesions; to detect the tuberculous lesions and etiological agent in tissue samples of the respiratory tract and mesenteric lymph nodes of the slaughtered animals; to detect macroscopic characteristics of M. bovis in the observed lesions from slaughtered cattle and buffaloes; to detect M. bovis and its antigens/mycobacterial fragments through immune-histochemical (IHC) technique the avidin-biotin complex peroxidase (ABC-P) method and to distinguish their possible relationship with the type of lesion. The one-year (January–December 2017) retrospective analysis showed 0.44% culled animals and meat inspection of slaughtered animals (118453) at ring road slaughter house Peshawar showed that 0.099% animals (100) were found with tuberculous lesions in parenchymatous organs with 0.181% cattle (57 of 31459), 0.202% buffaloes (55 of 27227), 0.007% sheep (3of 45441) and 0.014% goats (2 of 14326) at slaughter house. The tuberculous lesions found in cattle and buffaloes were highly significant compared to other animals. Similarly, out of 100 tissue samples histopathological, granulomatous inflammation was evident in 8.7% samples (4 of 46) with tuberculous lesions. The immune-histochemistry (IHC) was positive in 10.9% tissue samples (5 of 46) with tuberculous lesions and in 1.9% of tissue sample (1) without tuberculous lesions. The IHC has the advantages of being robust, cheap and can be used in a routine laboratory for the detection of M. bovis and its antigenic fragments in tissue samples. The findings of this study indicated that tuberculosis in large ruminants (cattle and buffaloes) is a neglected zoonotic infection at the animal-human interface in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan which needs to be solved.
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