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Immune Responses of Goats to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and its Mycolic Acids (MAs) Extract

Immune Responses of Goats to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and its Mycolic Acids (MAs) Extract

Mohammed Naji Odhah1,2, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1*, Bura Thlama Paul3,4, Bashiru Garba5, Zaid Mahmood1, Eric Lim Teik Chung6, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila7  

1Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, 87246, Dhamar, Yemen; 3Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Campus Bintulu Sarawak, Malaysia; 4Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600230, Borno State, Nigeria; 5Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary; Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; 6Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 7Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

*Correspondence | Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse, Bonga University, College of Agriculture and Natural resources, P.O. Box 334, Bonga, Ethiopia; Email: jesse@upm.edu.my 

ABSTRACT

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis in small ruminants and is of considerable economic importance in many countries worldwide. The control of the disease in animals depends on the control of the disease in infected animals. Nevertheless, few countries where the disease was previously endemic have successfully eradicated the pathogen. This investigation was undertaken to determine the antibody titre (IgM and IgG) in does challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis and its Mycolic acids (MAs) immunogen extract. About 12 healthy crossbred female Boer goats were assigned into three groups (A, B and C), each comprising of 4 goats. Group A (Negative control group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-pH 7); Group B (Mycolic acid group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of immunogenic Mycolic acid extract (1g /ml); while group C (Positive control group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of 109 colony-forming unit of live C. pseudotuberculosis. All the animals were observed for 90 days post-inoculation. Blood samples were collected via the jugular vein from all the groups before the inoculation and once weekly after the challenge until the end of the research period. The result of the study showed that the Immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentration in goats inoculated with C. pseudotuberculosis significantly (p<0.05) increased at week 2 (18.97±0.28 ng/ml), week 3 (33.97±0.59 ng/ml), week 4 (31.94±0.28 ng/ml) and week 5 (12.51±2.42). Whereas, in the mycolic acid group, the IgG antibody titre increased consistently from week 1 to week 3 (20.99±1.96 ng/ml; 15.52±3.78 ng/ml; 14.74±0.34 ng/ml) respectively. On the other hand, the Immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration was found to significantly increase (p<0.05) after treatments and the increase persisted up till week 11 post-inoculation. The concentration of IgG steadily increased in C. pseudotuberculosis and MAs-treated groups, reaching the peak at week 9 (32.82±8.56 ng/ml) in C. pseudotuberculosis group and week 10 (28.41±1.27 ng/ml) in MAs group, then declined slowly from week 10 till week 12. In conclusion, there was an elevated level in the IgM and IgG antibodies post-infection with C. pseudotuberculosis and MAs. However, while the IgG antibody levels started declining at week 9 for C. pseudotuberculosis, the MAs group was sustained until week ten before reducing. Therefore, MAs can be used as an immunogen to control caseous lymphadenitis infection caused by C. pseudotuberculosis among small ruminants. 

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Journal of Animal Health and Production

November

Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1

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