Influence of Herbicides on Weeds and Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Dynamics under Stale Seedbed
Influence of Herbicides on Weeds and Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Dynamics under Stale Seedbed
Muhammad Waqas Yonas1,2*, Khuram Mubeen2, Muhammad Irfan3, Muhammad Ayaz Shahzad4, Mudassir Aziz2, Saad ur Rehman5 and Shoaib Zawar2
Figure 1:
Temperature during the crop period (2018-19).
Figure 2:
Rainfall and Solar radiation during the crop period.
Figure 3:
WCE as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.Means sharing same alphabets do not differ significantly by using HSD test at alpha 0.05
Figure 4:
HEI as influenced by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.
Figure 5:
WPI as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.
Figure 6:
Effect of herbicide on Ci of wheat crop. HSD Tukey’s0.05= 4.93
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.Means with different letters are statistically significantly different by using at HSD α 0.05.
Figure 7:
Effect of herbicide use on gs of wheat crop. HSD Tukey’s0.05= 4.93
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.Means with different letters are statistically significantly different by using at HSD α 0.05.
Figure 8:
Effect of herbicide use on net photosynthetic rate of wheat crop. HSD Tukey’s 0.05= 3.37
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1. Means with different letters are statistically significantly different by using at HSD α 0.05.
Figure 9:
Chlorophyll content (SPAD value) as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.
Figure 10:
Leaf area index of wheat as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.
Figure 11:
Net assimilation rate (gm-2day-1) of wheat as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.
Figure 12:
Leaf area duration of wheat as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1. Means with different letters are statistically significantly different by using at HSD α 0.05.
Figure 13:
CGR (gm-2day-1) of wheat as affected by application of herbicide.
T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 711 a.i mLha-1, T3: stale seedbed +paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mLha-1, T4: stale seedbed +atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i gha-1, T5: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1, T6: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 356 a.i mLha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T7: stale seedbed +paraquat @ 247 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 7.5 a.i gha-1, T8: stale seedbed +glyphosate @ 237 a.i mLha-1+paraquat @ 165 a.i mLha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i gha-1.
Equation 1
Equation 2
Equation 3
Equation 4
Equation 5
Equation 6
Equation 7
June 2023
Vol.39, Iss. 2, Pages 298-572
