Sub-Lethal Effects of Endosulfan+Chlorpyrifos Mixture on Biochemical Parameters and Blood Genotoxicity Markers of Two Cyprinidae Fish Species Catla catla and Labeo rohita
Sub-Lethal Effects of Endosulfan+Chlorpyrifos Mixture on Biochemical Parameters and Blood Genotoxicity Markers of Two Cyprinidae Fish Species Catla catla and Labeo rohita
Huma Naz1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Fariha Latif3, Farzana Abbaasi4, Naila Hadayat5, Tanveer Ahmed6*, Khalid Abbas2 and Muhammad Adeel Hassan7
ABSTRACT
The current study was performed to check the sub-lethal effects of endosulfan+chlorpyrifos mixture on biochemical parameters viz. peroxidase (POx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Phase-II glutathione (GST) in hepatic, neural, nephron, bronchial, cardiac and muscle tissue of Catla catla and Labeo rohita. The geno-toxic effects were studied in terms of DNA damage and nuclear abnormalities in the RBCs of both fish species. The fish was exposed to the mixture for 60 days and the fish sample was taken after the 15-day period. The negative control (NC) fish were kept in water having no insecticides. The results showed that during the first two samplings, an increase in activities of POx, SOD, and GST in all tissues of both fishes exposed to the insecticides mixture was noted as compared to the control. The trend of SOD level in organs of both fish species was noted as hepatic>neural>nephron>bronchial>cardiac>muscle tissue. The POx and GST levels in L. rohita and C. catla were observed as: hepatic>neural>bronchial>nephrotic>cardiac>muscle tissues. CAT activity was increased in the bronchial, hepatic, and nephrotic tissues of both fishes while it was reduced in cardiac, neural, and muscle tissues. The result of DNA damage showed that GDI and DN were higher during the first 15 days after that damage was lower. The L. rohita showed higher MN and NAs during the first 15 days of exposure after that damage was lower. However, C. catla showed an increase in the formation of MN and NAs throughout the exposure period.
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