The Relevance of Two-Doses of Foot-And-Mouth Disease (FMD) Virus Vaccine on Immune Response in Beef Cattle
The Relevance of Two-Doses of Foot-And-Mouth Disease (FMD) Virus Vaccine on Immune Response in Beef Cattle
Esdinawan Carakantara Satrija1, Sri Murtini2, I Wayan Teguh Wibawan2, Okti Nadia Poetri2*
ABSTRACT
The re-emergence of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Indonesia in 2022 prompted the government to implement control measures, including mass vaccination. The recommended protocol involves two vaccine doses with a 4–5-week interval and a booster every 6 months. This protocol is effective for long-lifespan dairy cattle but may not be ideal for fattening cattle, which are reared for a shorter period (90–150 days). The study aimed to assess the immune response in fattening cattle following two-dose FMD vaccination, specifically the dynamics of white blood cell (WBC) and FMD antibody titer. Thirty healthy fattening cattle were divided into two groups: one receiving two vaccine doses and the other receiving a single dose. The targeted indicators were assessed using hematology analyzer dan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).At 60 days post-first vaccination (DPFV), there were no significant differences in WBC profiles between the two groups. While antibody titers were slightly higher in the two-dose group at 30 and 60 DPFV, the difference was not statistically significant. Nevertheless, higher variability in antibody titers was observed in the single-dose group, indicating the potential issue of non-uniform herd immunity. The study suggests that a single-dose FMD vaccination may be sufficient to stimulate an immune response comparable to that of the two-dose regimen in fattening cattle. However, it should be implemented alongside stringent biosecurity measures to reduce the risk of FMD virus introduction.
Keywords | Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), Vaccination, Immune response, Fattening cattle
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January 2025
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., Vol. 13, Iss. 1, pp. 1-216
