Shumaila Ashfaq1, Liaqat Ali2*, Muhammad Ashraf Zia2, Rizwan Ahmad Khan2 and Mehtash Butt3
...rded regarding age; mean pretreatment and post treatment VAS after 6 hours.Mean decrease in pain VAS score was 3.30 + 1.2 in group A while 7.17+ 1.3 in group B. (P value 0.001).Intravenous hydrocortisone is more effective in reducing post dural puncture headache pain severity after spinal anaesthesia for elective caesareansection when given along with conventional treatment as compared to conventional treatment alone.
... 
Sidra Iqbal1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Fouzia Tabbsum1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1
... 15min and 15psi). After pretreatment, cellulase production was conducted in 250ml Erlenmeyer flask at 50 ºC, pH 5 with shaking speed of 120 rpm using 2% pretreated eucalyptus leaves as carbon source and 2% v/v inoculum size in submerged fermentation for 24h. Results showed that among these two treatments, only chemical treated substrates gave better enzyme yield as compared to chemical followed by steam. The highest FPase (2.526 IU/ml/min) activity was f...
Fatima Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3, Fouzia Tabbsum3, Javed Iqbal Qazi3
...of dilute sulphuric acid pretreatment of peanut shells as substrate for the production of cellulose enzyme using Box-Bhenken design of Response Surface Methodology. The pretreatment of substrate was conducted through Box- Bhenken design of Response Surface Methodology. Three factors with three levels such as H2SO4 conc. (0.6, 0.8, 1%), substrate conc. (5, 10, 15%) and residence time (4, 6, 8h) were employed for
Noor Fatima1, Muhammad Irfan2,*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1
...ime (4, 6 and 8h). After pretreatment process, cellulase production was achieved by solid substrate which was conducted in 250mL capacity Erlenmeyer flask in which incubation of Bacillus subtilis was carried out for 24 h of fermentation period at temperature of 50oC. Results showed that cellulase production was greatly affected by the thermochemical pretreatment as compared to the chemical
Ammara Afzal1, Tazmeen Fatima1, Maham Tabassum1, Muhammad Nadeem2*, Muhammad Irfan3, Quratulain Syed2
...loses to bioethanol i.e. pretreatment of biomass, enzymatic hydrolysis of raw material and fermentation. The sawdust was pretreated with 2.5% NaOH and further processed for SHF and SSF. Maximum saccharification was observed by T. viride (10.17%) followed by T. harzianum (9.19%) and T. koninji (6.91%) at 35˚C for 48h. Among both strategies, SSF combination of T. viride and S. cerevisiae gave maximum ethanol production (3.88%)...
Chao Zhao1,2, Juan Feng1, Haidong Xu1, Lihua Qiu1,2,*, Qibin Yang1, Zhenhua Ma1 and Jian G. Qin3
...ly affected by the water pretreatment (P > 0.05). However, the bacteria communities were significantly affected by water pretreatment (P < 0.05). Heterotrophic bacteria and vibro counts in the formalin treatment were significantly lower than UV treatment and untreated group (P < 0.05). Based on the results obtained in the present study, we suggest that formalin treatment could be a better away t...
Muhammad Afzal1, Nighat Sultana1, Ali Hassan1, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah2,*, Mahroze Fatima3, Syed Makhdoom Hussain4, Muhammad Bilal5 and Majid Hussain2
...e and Mn. Similarly, PHY pretreatment had also resulted in enhanced mineral digestibility as compare to control group. However, both the supplements did not interact positively (p>0.05) for the observed responses except SGR, FCR and crude ash contents in muscles. It was evident from the present study that soybean meal based diet supplemented with CA and PHY performed better than without supplementation.
...
Muhammad Afzal1, Mahroze Fatima2, Aasma Qamar1, Muhammad Farhan1 and Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3,*
...alization. Moreover, PHY pretreatment also resulted in higher (p<0.05) mineral deposition in the body as compared to control group. Both supplements interacted positively (p<0.05) to enhance most of body minerals. In short, CA as well as PHY efficiently enhanced growth performance, muscle proximate composition and whole-body nutrient status of L. rohita when fed on sunflower meal-based diet.
... 
Muhammad Farooq1*, Elham Azadfar2, Zohre Bahrami3, Mahniya Sharifi3, A. Shakoor4, Shabir Ahmed5, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, Muhammad Noman Khan6, Memona Siddique7, Naila Ilyas8*, Muhammad Bakhtiar9, Mohamed El-Fatieh Ismael1 and Wang Yunyang1
Optimization of Drying Process of Rambutan by Combined Method of Osmosis Ultrasound and Complementary Drying of Hot Air
...his study, after osmosis pretreatment, samples were put under an osmosis dehydration process. First, using Osmosis-ultrasound with 40.5% concentration in Sekanjabin solution then dried in an oven at a temperature of 70°C. The characteristics of solid gain, water and weight loss, shrinkage and rehydration were evaluated. The obtained results showed that by increasing the concentration of weight and water loss, solid gain increased. Accordingly, in a higher ...
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
...jor difficulties namely (pretreatment inhibitors and cost of cellulase enzyme). In the present study, long term evolutionary adaptation was evaluated for ethanol and lactic acid production to overcome the pretreatment inhibitors issue. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Angel was used for the production of ethanol, while, Bacillus coagulans, Pediococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. were used for lactic production, respectively. All the m...
Asmaa A.M. Abd El-Ghani *; Ahmed B.M.; Abdel-Raouf A. ; Nagwa S. Ata* and H.A. Hussein
...uated at different times pretreatment
,simultaneouslly and after adsorption. The results demonstrated that the safest
concentration (non-cytotoxic) of the plant extract under study on MDBK cells was 0.1
mg/ml.The plan extract showed a significant antiviral effect against BHV-1 at
simultaneous treatment experiment. The virus titeration assay showed a marked decrease
from 105 TCID50/ml to 103 TCID50/ml ...
Gulzar Ullah* and Gohar Ayub
...te the influence of heat pretreatment conditioning durations (control or no heat pretreatment,10 hrs,15 hrs and 20 hrs) on three tomato varieties (Roma, Rio Grande and Yaqui) sown at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2017 and 2018. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in growth chamber before transplantation and Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two...
Muhammad Waheed* and Dost Muhammad
Zhiyuan Sun1, 3, Xuhui Zhang2,*, Xian Li3, Yanping Huang3, Shiyan Sui3, Weifeng Liu3, Guochao Ni3, Xiaozhou Xu1, Jianbo Yang1, Xue Lian1 and Hui Jia1
...cotropine hormone (ACTH) pretreatment. Twenty-four 30-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred piglets (12 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments: control, LPS, ACTH, and ACTH+LPS groups. Each group consisted of 6 male piglets. All ACTH pigs and ACTH+LPS pigs were injected intramuscularly with ACTH (2.25 IU/kg body weight) for 7 consecutive injections at 6-h intervals. Then, LPS pigs and ACTH+LPS pigs were injected intramus...
Johar Hussian1, Faiz Muhammad2, Shafqat Fatimah Rehmani3, Aqeel Ahmad4, Nazir Ahmad Lone4, Moomal Bughio5, Syed Khurram Freed1 and Shakeel Ahmed Khan4*
...on (HA) reaction without pretreatment. Therefore, we designed this study for preparation of IBV antigen by treating with different enzymes for HA reaction. IBV local isolates were characterized by SDS-PAGE and RT-PCR. The indigenous isolate HA antigens were treated with different proteolytic enzymes trypsin, neuraminidase and phospholipase C. The prepared antigen were stored at -86oC and used for HA test. All antigen prepared by different enzyme were found to ...
Chuanfeng Fan1,2,*, Wenguo Feng1,3, Jingchang Yang1,2, Qingchao Chen1,2 and Yu Wang1,4
...cyte stimulating hormone pretreatment group each with 8 rats, 16 eyes in each group. The content of neurotransmitter amino acids and the survival rate, apoptosis rate and mitochondrial membrane potential of the retinal nerve cells were compared between the three groups. According to our results the contents of free glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, taurine, glycine and aspartate were all higher in the induced injury group than in the normal control group, ...
Tao Ren1, Guiqiu Cao2, Xiao Han3, Feng Tan1, Qiaoli Chen4, Shicheng Yang5 and Haiyan Zhang6*
...t showed that naringenin pretreatment significantly increased cardiac dysfunction via scavenged free radicals and a reduction of inflammatory reaction. Dose-dependent treatment of naringenin significantly altered the CK-MB, HDL, LDL, creatinine, cholesterol, CRP, Ca2+, Na+ and K+, respectively. A significant alleviating change in these biochemical parameters along with caspase-3 activity was noticed. Thus, in our study, we determined that I/R induced cardiac r...
Ashira Manzoor1, Imran Ahmad Khan1,2*, Muqadas Sadiq3, Muhammad Omer Iqbal4 and Shaukat Hussain Munawar5
Nazish Manzoor1*, Alim Khan1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Abid Ullah1, Zulqarnain2 and Iftikhar Jan2
S. Feroza1, A. G. Arijo1† and I. R. Zahid2
...tion. On day 21, the FEC pretreatment values in group A, B and C were recorded as 1424.5, 1346.3 and 1806.4, respectively. The FEC post treatment values of groups B and C were significantly (P>0.05) decreased as compared to the control (group A). However, no significant difference was observed between group B and C. It was concluded that the ethanolic extract of both the papaya and neem was effective in controlling the Ascaridia galli infecti...
Sen Ye1, Jiangang Pang2 and Xiuli Wang3*
...mg/kg) /day), or solvent pretreatment for 14 d to induce transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 min, followed by perfusion with tPA (10 mg/kg/10ml). Infarct volume, bleeding volume, immunoglobulin G leakage and blood parameters were examined. PAR immunohistochemistry was performed on brain sections after 24 h reperfusion. We found that compared with the rivaroxaban group, the warfarin pretreatment group had an inc...
Peixia Yu1*, Lijun Bo2 and Xueyin Song1
...tion of sufentanil (Fen) pretreatment on inducible myocardial apoptosis by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. 120 male rats (mean age = 3 months) were randomly assigned to six conditions: control group (group S), I/R group, normal saline (NS) I/R group, and low, medium and high dose Fen groups, where in high dose group: Fen1:2μg/kg; Fen2:4μg/kg; Fen3:6μg/kg. The measured items included heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular d...
Sabahat Anwar1, Faria Javaid2 and Qurat-ul-Ain2*
Pakistan Journal of Zoology
December
Featuring
-
The Effect of Airport Lawn Vehicles on the Flocking Behaviour of Barn Swallows
Jiaojiao Wang, Peng Pan, Tingting Wu and Jianhua Hou
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 25-31
-
Morpho-Biometric Characterization of the North African (Tunisian) Local Chicken Populations
Nour Elhouda Fehri, Mohamed Aroua, Safa Bejaoui, Manel Ben Larbi, Sami Dridi and Bayrem Jemmali
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 19-24
-
Effect of Probiotic Bacillus clausii on Production Parameters and Intestinal Histomorphology of Meat-Type Chicken
Muhammad Mushtaq, Ihsan Ullah Khan, Muhammad Shuaib, Naila Chand, Abubakar Sufyan, Muqader Shah, Ziaul Islam, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair, Aamir Khan, Qudrat Ullah and Usman Zeb
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 11-18
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Effects of Ceftriaxone on Body Performance, and Immunological Status of Broilers Experimentally Challenged with E. coli
Marwa Ghandour, Gamal A. Shams, Heba M. Hassan, Heba A. Baz and Walaa Fathy Saad Eldin
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 01-10
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