Sana Irshad Khan1*, Zafar Iqbal2, Hamid Ullah Shah2 and Shaukat Hussain3
1Bikash Ranjan Ray and 2Mrinal Kanti Dasgupta
Management of root holoparasite Aeginetia pedunculata of (Orobanchaceae), causing wilt of sugarcane by trap and catch crops
...ign: justify;">Sugarcane wilt caused by Aeginetia pedunculata (Roxb.) Wall. (Orobanchaceae) is endemic in the command area of Plassey Sugar Mill in the districts of Nadia and Murshidabad in West Bengal. It spreads through water-and soil-borne seeds. With the objective of developing location-specific integrated management schedule of the parasite, crops, other than sugarcane, grown in the target area were evaluated for their potential as trap and catch crops of...
A. K. Chaubey and Satyandra Kumar
Bio-management of root knot nematode and root rot disease by antagonistic fungi and rhizobacteria
...eloidogyne incognita and wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on tomato in laboratory and pot culture experiment. All the isolates were isolated by serial dilution and cultured in liquid protein supplemented broth medium and culture filtrates (CF) were prepared. In in-vitro test single eggmasses of uniform size were kept in 5ml CF in 5cm diameter Petri plates. Antifungal activity was tested by dual culture of wilt<...
Dhananjoy Mandal
Eco-friendly management of mealybug and wilt in pineapple
...duction of percentage of wilted plants and mealy bug population, T3 was the best and T2 ranked second. Percent of wilted plants in T1, T2 and T3 were 11.88, 4.19, 2.62; mean mealy bug population/plant were 9.33, 5.29, 4.20, and yields were 32.5 tha-1, 38.7 tha-1, 41.6 tha-1, respectively. Benefit: Cost ratio was highest in T3 (1.30) followed by T2 (1.24) and T1 (1.09).
...
Partha Pratim Ghosh and 2N. C. Mandal
Some disease management practices for bacterial wilt of potato
...lign="justify">Bacterial wilt [c.o. - Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.] is one of the threatening potato diseases. To study the effect of some disease management practices in potato, an investigation was conducted in slightly acidic (pH 5.62) loamy sand soil with medium fertility status in a Randomised Block Design with three replicates and seven treatment modules, as described in Materials & Methods. Investigation revealed that T1 (TPS whole...
P.P. Ghosh*, C. Ghosh, B. Mahato, A. Chakraborty, S.K. Bhattacharya and M.K. Bhattacharjya
...ify;">Vascular bacterial wilt being an impediment of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) production under the acidic soil condition of Purulia district of West Bengal resulted in 20-30% yield loss every year. The present participatory action research was aimed to study the (i) adeptness of integrated module of prophylactic soil disinfection and bio-control, (ii) only prophylactic soil disinfection, and (iii) only curative soil disinfection over uprooting and...
Jawad Anwar* and Zafar Iqbal
...on method against tomato wilt causing bacteria (Xanthomonas campestris and Clavibacter michiganensis). Extracts that resulted in strong activity were fractionated into acetonitrile and ethyl acetate followed by testing against human pathogenic bacterial strains (Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) using 96 well microtitre plate method. The Ethyl acetate fraction showed maximum zone of inhibition (24.25±1.06 mm) against X. ...
Zulqarnain and Zafar Iqbal*
...lign: justify;">Fusarium wilt of tomato is a devastating fungal disease with several infectious strategies leading to the complete death of plant. None of the strategies in controlling the wilt have shown fruitful results. Dual culture assay was employed is this study to identify the fungal species with their potent antifungal activity against the Fusarium wilt of tomato. Six distinct fung...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Sidra Mushtaq1, Muhammad Tariq Malik2, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Shoaib Fareed3, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
... especially die back and wilt in Indian sub-continent. A diversity of plant pathogenic fungi has been identified and isolated from the various affected sheesham trees from Indian sub-continent, yet the actual cause of the diseases is still controversial. It is pertinent to mention here that no viruses or any bacteria has been reported from a singly tree in whole of the Indian sub-continent. Although the involvement of the insect’s species has been record...
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar, Muhammad Imran Hamid, Mubashar Raza, Waqas Raza*, Misbah Iqbal Qamar
... and Fusarium oxysporum (wilt) of tomato on different compost including carbon rich compost, nitrogen rich compost and nutrient enriched compost. The species of Trichoderma includes T. harzianum and T. asperellum isolated from rhizosphere of tomato from different localities of district Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan which were recognized morphologically. Three isolates of T. harzianum HM, HK, HC and one isolate of T. asperellum TH were evaluated in dual culture as...
Ali Asghar1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Asim Gulzar2
... nematodes and bacterial wilt is lacking in chili, therefore, in the present study, effects of Meloidogyne javanica and Ralstonia solanacearum were studied on chili singly and in combinations. Significant effects of M. javanica and R. solanacearum and their interaction were observed in case of shoot and root lengths and weights of chili. The mean lengths and weights of shoot and root varied significantly as a result of both the path...
Muhammad Jawad1*, Shahid Riaz Malik1, Rana Muhammad Atif2, Haris Ahmed2 and Muhammad Shahzad Afzal3
Species Identification of Gram Wilt Complex through ITS Region by PCR-RFLP Analysis
...or the identification of wilt complex pathogens. The study conducted to identify the polygenetic association of the pathogens of chickpea wilt complex. Universal Rice Primers based diversity analysis indicates high polymorphism within the collected wilt isolates. Primers ITS 1 and ITS 4 generated internal transcribed spacer fragments that were restricted four restriction enzymes (HhaeI, Mb...
Hafiz Tassawar Abbas1*, Tamoor Khan1, Ghulam Khaliq2, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar3, Muhammad Rashid4, Intazar Ali5, Muhammad Abuzar Jaffar2, Ghulam Ali Bugti6 and Muhammad Waseem4
...attack chickpea crop but wilt disease is the principle one. In mineral contents i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, iron and copper were decreased in chickpea plants affected with wilt disease. Leaves of three resistant and susceptible (un-inoculated and inoculated) chickpea lines/varieties were tested to find out their ionic status (
Muhammad Junaid*, Musharaf Ahmad and Saifullah
Maryam Yousaf1, Salman Ahmad1*, Romana Anjum2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3
...gs in response to tomato wilt disease caused by fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). Two months old tomato seedlings were grown under normal conditions in green house and were artificially inoculated with FOL conidial suspension of 1×106 conidia/mL by drenching method. Untreated plants served as control. First disease symptoms appeared after seven days of inoculation and seedlings became wilted within 30...
Manal A. El-Shazly1. M. I .Kobeasy2and Sarah H . Altalhi3
...ts....
Hongqun Li1,*, Liganag Xing1, Xiaoli Liu2, Yonglan Pu3, Yuqing Yang3 and Yongyao Fu1
...xt-align: justify;">Pine wilt disease, caused by pine wood nematode, is one of the most dangerous biological hazards which leads to great economic losses and ecological damage in the invaded range. Here the geographical distribution of potential pine wilt disease was analyzed by using the Maxent model in the current and future conditions. Our results indicated that Maxent model provided satisfactory result with the AUC value...
Teguh Wahyono1,2*, Wahidin Teguh Sasongko3, Wijaya Murti Indriatama4, Setiawan Martono5, Slamet Widodo3, Widhi Kurniawan6, Muhamad Nasir Rofiq7
...of different variety and wilting treatment on silage quality and in vitro degradability of whole-plant sorghum. Three sorghum varieties (Numbu, Super 1 and Samurai 1) were ensiled either fresh or wilted and evaluated in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Based on sensory evaluation, colour, smell and sensory index increased after wilting treatment (P < 0.01). Based on chemical quality, pH a...
Khalid Hussain1, Muhammad Younas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Raheel2, Anees Akhtar3, Muhammad Irshad1, Munir Abbas1 and Farah Shabir4
...e prevalence of Fusarium wilt. Present investigations were conducted at Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan during winter 2021. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) following three replications. Thirty chickpea genotypes were examined for their resistant levels against Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum ciceris (FOC). Six exhibited resistant response with <10% dise...
A. Beyan1, A. Seid†2 and H. Shifa1
...t nematodes and Fusarium wilt are among the most economically important pathogens of tomato. A study was initiated with the objectives of determining the interaction effect of M. javanica (MJ) and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) disease complex and evaluating the response of selected tomato genotypes against this disease complex under glasshouse condition. A glasshouse experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized design with 18 treatment combination...
S. Ahmed†, A. Munir, S. Asad and A. Muhammad
A.W. Amin, Abd-El Wanis, Mona, A. Rahman and Tomader
Characterization and Molecular Detection of Tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus Infecting Tomato in Egypt
Hayam S. Abdelkader1; Gamalat M. Allam1; T. A. Moustafa2; and M. El-Hanunady2
...justify;">Tomato spotted wilt virus was originally isolated from naturally infected tomato fruits. The virus infected a wide host range showing different symptoms varied from local necrosis, systemic necrosis, systemic mosaic yellowing, bronzing, or stunting. The virus transmitted by mechanical means as well as by Thrips tabaci. Its TIP was between 45-50oC, DEP was 10-5 and LIV was between 5-6 hrs. Local lesion technique for biological purification and electro...
Fariha Qahar and Muhammad Sayyar Khan*
...rance in terms of lesser wilting and pigment discoloration to induced stress compared to non-transformed plants. In terms of approximate percentage damage, under 14% H2O2stress,30-60% of the leaf area turned necrotic in the single overexpression lines compared to 95% damage in the wild-type plants. Whereas, the least amount of damage (10-20%) was observed in the double overexpression lines. When subjected to 24 µM metolachlor, the wild-type leaf discs we...
Manal A. El-Shazly1, A. s. 2 Abdel Wahab and Salwa N. Zein3
...n between Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) a Tospovirus were studied These two viruses were isolated from Vinca rosae (L). G. Don and onion (Allium cepa L.), respectively. The observed symptoms included systemic mosaic and yellowing for TSWV and necrotic eyelike spots and yellow spots on leaves, and flower stem for IYSV. Both TSWV and IYSV were mechanically and seed transmitted. TSWV was transmitted by two different thrips spe...
S.Y.M. Mahmoud1 and M. Hashem2
...uding general chlorosis, wilting and necrotic vein yellowing. Samples Of rhizomania-like symptom roots and its adjacent soil were taken from these areas and tested for the presence of BNYVV using indirect DAS-ELISA with specific polyclonal antibodies to C-terminal 60 amino acids of BNYVV coat protein and bait plants test, respectively. The results confirmed the presence of BNYVV in 46 out of 184 and 24 out of 50 root and soil samples, respectively. The virus w...
M. Osman1, Kh. El-Dougdoug2, E. T. Abd El-Salam3, R.M. Taha4 and R.M. El-Hamidl
...malformation, and leaves wilting. Histopathological studies of CMV-infected squash leaves showed changes such as compact mesophyll, disintegrated and less lignified metaxylem, slight upward blistering of leaf blade, closed stomata, short palisade and rounded spongy cells as well as vascular elements of the midrib formed in two patches. The upper patch was completely divided in two parts. Scanning electron microscopy showed alteration in epidermal cells elongat...
Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Naveed2,3*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Irfan Rasool2 and Muhammad Afzal Zahid2
...istance against fusarium wilt and ascochyta blight compared to the existing varieties. The evolution of this strain commenced in 2002-03 cropping season by crossing K-90399 as a female parent with K-52582 as a male parent. The female parent had high yield potential, whereas the male parent had wilt resistance and was developed through introgression breeding using ILWC-126, an accession of Cicer reticulatum. Henceforth, the g...
Shahida Parveen and Zakaullah
...cs of the fungus causing wilt-disease of cumin.
Mathur and Prasad (1962) recorded powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni DC), blight (Alternaria burnsii) and wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. cumini) diseases on cumin. Of these, wilt was the most serious one causing heavy losses to the crop. The average loss due to the disease was estimated to be 20%....
Khial Badshah and Zakaullah
...udies on the infectious wilting (Fusariosis) in basil. The plants in the nursery were found severely attacked by a species of Fusarium causing longitudinal stripes on the stem and chlorotic spots on leaves which wilt and fall prematuiely. The pathogen was found to invade the plants through injured roots. Plant debris, infected young transplanting mateiial and seeds served as source of infection. The pa...
Zakaullah and Khial Badshah
...d to turn yellow and wilt and rhizomes were rotten. The sysmptoms caused by the pathogen were similar to those of P. aphanidermatum and P. myriotylum, occurring at lower elevations, known as damaging agents to the crop. Besides, 50 to 90% of stored seed rhizomes are destroyed by the destructive pathogens if untreated....
Niaz Hussain1, Muneer Abbas1*, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Aslam1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Khalid Hussain2, Muahammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Irshad1, Zubeda Parveen1, Fiaz Hussain3 and Azhar Mahmood Aulakh4
...hyta blight and Fusarium wilt diseases. This first report on the “Thal-2020” chickpea variety highlights its promising traits, including high yield potential, disease resistance, and adaptability to various conditions. “Thal-2020” offers future benefits such as enhanced productivity, reduced pesticide use, and improved economic returns for farmers. Its introduction is expected to significantly enhance the sustainability and profitabilit...
Aamir Sohail1, Irshad Ali Khan2*, Ahmed Shamkhi Jabbar3, Mehran Gul2, Sidra Ahmad4, Nayab Ahmad4, Farzana6, Abdur Rehman5, Arooba Bashir4, Syed Muhammad Owais Shah2 and Ayesha Alam7
...in controlling bacterial wilt (BW) in tomatoes. The experiment applied the powder to pathogen-contaminated soil using mulching and mixing techniques, testing two particle sizes (fine and coarse) at four doses (0 g, 14 g, 28 g, and 42 g). Laboratory results showed that all powder concentrations significantly inhibited pathogen growth compared to the control, with the 15% powder extract achieving the highest inhibition zone (16.25 mm), followed by the 10% extrac...
Volume 2, Issue 2, March and April 2018, Pages 34-36
...hly destructive vascular wilt disease of tomato leading to significant crop losses in the field and in protected tomatoes, thus remains as one of the main limiting factors for production of this crop (McGovern, 2015). Control of infectious plant diseases is the most important concern of crop production. However, resistance of phytopathogenic fungi to synthetic fungicides must be considered. According to Bouwmeester et al., (2009), the use o...
Muhammad Junaid Musharaf Ahmad Saifullah A.
Volume 2, Issue 6 November and December 2018 Pages 138-146
...rent status of bacterial wilt (BW) of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum
Muhammad Junaid1*; Ayesha Bibi2; Musharaf Ahmad3; Muhammad Ali4; Yousaf Noor5
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2019), 3(2): 314-325
...hogen to cause Bacterial wilt (BW) disease, when being inoculated into tomato plant using different inoculation methods. For this purpose, a total of 74 locations covering all over the KP were visited for the presence of tomato plants with BW disease, caused by R. solanacearum. The bacterial pathogen was isolated from diseased plant tissues by growing it on the selective 2,3,5-triphenyl- tetrazolium chloride (TTC) medium. Based on colony morphology of R. solan...
Ali, A.A.M.1*; Hassanin, M.M.H.2; Abdel-Rahman, T.F.M.2; Mergawy, M.M.3
...for controlling Fusarium wilt disease of marjoram (Majorana
hortensis) caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The fungal filtrate of F. oxysporum isolated from
the infected marjoram plants significantly decreased the marjoram seed germination and
caused wilting of its seedlings. The essential oil emulsions of thyme; basil, and marjoram,
inhibited the in vitro fungal growth of F. oxyspor...
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