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An Assessment of In-service Training Needs for Agricultural Extension Field Staff in the Scenario of Climate Change using Borich Needs Assessment Model

An Assessment of In-service Training Needs for Agricultural Extension Field Staff in the Scenario of Climate Change using Borich Needs Assessment Model

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Anam Sarwar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Mirza B. Baig3, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel4 and R. Kirby Barrick

1Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan; 2Department of English, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab Pakistan; 3Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab-Pakistan; 5College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

ejaz.ashraf@uos.edu.pk  

Figure 1

Global average temperature changes since 1850 to 2100 year.
 

Figure 2

Pakistan map according to Kōppen Geiger Climate Classification. 

Figure 3

CO2 concentrations; IPCC scenarios vs. Actual extrapolations. 

Figure 4

Annual greenhouse gases emission concentration (ppm) by industrial sectors. 

Figure 5

Effect of CO2 concentration in atmosphere on global average atmospheric temperature. 

Figure 6

Global greenhouse gases emissions by different sectors. 

Figure 8

Temperature and rainfall graph of district Sargodha. 

Figure 7

Map of district Sargodha, Punjab-Pakistan. 

Figure 9

Quantitative relationship between specializations and designations of EFS.  

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture

September

Vol.40, Iss. 3, Pages 680-1101

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