Analysis of Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Farming Business and its Productivity in Central Java Province, Indonesia
Analysis of Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Farming Business and its Productivity in Central Java Province, Indonesia
Edy Rianto1*, Vita Restitrisnani1, Sutaryo Sutaryo1, Sri Mawati1, Agung Purnomoadi1, Endang Purbowati1, Retno Adiwinarti1, Muhammad Hesa Karim1, Putty Kinanti Anif Machfiroh1, Niar Ulfa1, Agnes Ragil Mustikasari1, Dwi Wahyu Setiawan1, Farkhan Farkhan1, Marcelinus Dwi Septian1, Nadlirotun Luthfi2
ABSTRACT
A study was carried out to investigate the farming model and productivity of buffalo raised by small farmers in Central Java Province, Indonesia. This study was conducted by a survey method in seven regencies which were chosen for highest population of buffalo, indicating the interest of the farmers and environmental suitability of the regions for buffalo farming. Three hundred and eighty buffalo farmers were chosen as respondents for having been at least 3 years buffalo farming experience. They were interviewed using open questionnaires for buffalo raising practices and economic feasibility. The data collected were characteristics of the respondents, reproductive performance, and economic analysis of the buffalo farming. The data of buffalo growth rate were collected by crass-sectional comparison method. The data obtained were processed by statistical procedures and interpretated descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that the majority of buffalo farmers were working as crop farmers. They were in productive working age with elementary school educated, having more than 10 years buffalo farming experience. Fifty two percent of the farmers had less than 3 animal units (AU) buffaloes. They spent 3-6 hours a day for caring their buffaloes. The buffaloes were fed grass or agricultural waste. The buffaloes were mated by natural mating. The age at first calving of the cow buffalo in this study was 3.3 years with calving interval being 19.8 months. The buffalo calves were weaned at 8.2 months of age. The buffalo grew from birth until they reach maturity at around 12 -15 months of age. This study found that Return on Investment (ROI) was 11.6 and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was 2.4. The profit obtained by the buffalo farmers was IDR 190,670/year/AU. In conclusion, the buffalo farming in Central Java Province were run in a traditional way, nevertheless the buffaloes had a good reproductive performance and growth rate. The buffalo farming was profitable.
Keywords | Buffalo, Farm management, Growth rate, Profitability, Reproduction
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