Response of Interaction between Aboveground and Belowground Herbivorous to Corn Development
Response of Interaction between Aboveground and Belowground Herbivorous to Corn Development
Jinwen Liu, Hong Li, Jinhua Zhang, Jianping Li and Xiujuan Yan*
Fig. 1.
Location map of experimental site.
Fig. 2.
Interactions between aphid (above-ground) (AG) and grub (below-ground) (BG) via mediated plant responses. (A) The densities of aphid survival with or without below-ground herbivore, both are AG and BG herbivore, and (B) The densities of grub survival with or without above-ground herbivore.
Notes: A & G, A, G groups are aphid and grub, aphid, grub, respectively. Values are means ± S.E. * p< 0.05, ** p <0.01, *** p <0.001, **** p <0.0001.
Fig. 3.
The effects of above-ground herbivores (aphids) and below-ground herbivores (grubs) on corn.
Treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 in abscissa indicated: aphid and grub, aphid, grub, blank control, respectively; Lower case letters represented significant level of difference p <0.05; Upper case letters represented extremely significant levels of difference p <0.01.
Fig. 4.
The correlation analysis of (A) aphids and (B) grubs on corn plant.
Notes: ** p<0.01; R: Pearson correlation coefficient. Lines: the relationship between the two variables aphid or grub and plant (linear correlation).
Fig. 5.
The niche relationship among aphid (above-ground), grub (below-ground) and corn height.
February 2024
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 1, pp. 01-501
