Victor J. Stenger
Science, Religion and Culture
... previously the case amongst secularists. The new atheists question whether faith, which is belief despite the absence of evidence or even in the presence of contrary evidence, has any moral or intellectual authority. New Atheism recognizes religion for what it is—a set of unfounded superstitions that have been the greatest hindrance to human progress that ever existed on this planet....
David N. Livingstone, Dealing with Darwin. Place, Politics, and Rhetoric in Religious Engagements with Evolution, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014, 265 pp., ISBN 13: 978-1-4214-1326-6
Reviewed by Francisco J. Ayala, University Professor & Donald Bren Professor of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, email: fjayala@uci.edu
Science, Religion and Culture
...en book by David N. Livingstone, Dealing with Darwin. Place, Politics, and Rhetoric in Religious Engagements with Evolution....
Zaheer Ahmed Deho1, Shamsuddin Tunio2, Qammaruddin Chachar2, Fateh Chand Oad2
...gs at various boll openingstage viz. 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of bollopening were carried out.The varieties responded differently for opening of bolls at different timings of picking. Some varieties exhibited higher percent of boll opening, others did not show any response to different planting times. The variety Sadori exhibited higher values for most of the traits like sympodial branches plant-1 (14.28), seed cotton yield plant-1 (51.04g), seed cotton yield (22...
Rabbi Paul Shrell-Fox
...ect little existential angst; this was found to be only partially true. Some have found other expressions of their talents, while others anxiously await the opportunity to find alternate means of financial support. Specific issues of Jewish dietary practice, Sabbath observance and daily prayer are addressed, as well as an exploration of the rabbis’ connection to the Jewish people, despite waning practice....
Haq Aman Ullah1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Aqeel Javeed3
...ure and wheat bran.. Amongst the positive concentrate feed samples, 28 samples (85% of the positive) were having the concentration of aflatoxin B1 higher than the permissible level which is 5 ppb for concentrates as recommended by European Communities. It is concluded that the concentrate available for goat feeding is having aflatoxin B1 and its concentration is higher than the permissible level. ...
Aqila Shaheen
...Rawalpindi district. Amongst the soil characteristics of selected fields, pH ranged from 7.36-7.94 for surface soil (0-15 cm) and 7.49-7.94 for subsoil (30-45 cm), EC1:1 was 0.22-0.38 dSm-1 in surface soil and 0.21-0.28 dSm-1 in subsoil, CaCO3 was 1.0-9.22% in top soil and 0.28-9.67% in the subsoil and soil organic matter (OM) was 0.89-1.25% in surface soil and 0.62-1.04% in subsoil. Among soil series, Missa soil series had higher OM (1.25% ...
Shaoling Lin and Jiamiao Hu
Misbah Riaz1, Qaiser Mansoor2, Maleeha Akram1, Muhammad Ismail2, Parveen Akhtar3, Shakeel Mirza4, Mazhar Qayyum1, Afzaal Ahmed Naseem1, Faheem Tahir5 and Syed Shakeel Raza Rizvi1*
...elopment at puberty. Amongst others, mutations in GPR54 and GnRH receptor (GNRHR) are possible causes of HH. This study aimed at identification of mutations in GPR54 and GNRHR genes and their correlation with HH in Pakistani boys. Thirty one boys with delayed puberty and thirty one normal age matched controls were examined. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR using specific primers for GPR54 and GNRHR splice site exons. Mutations were analyzed by si...
S. Pal and I. Sarkar
Pests infesting ornamental plants in hilly region of West Bengal
...ified) on Anthurium. Amongst the thysanopteran pests Taeniothrips simplex was very much serious on Gladiolus and another species of thrips (unspecified) was found infesting Carnation. Amongst the lepidopteran pests, gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) was found most important inflicting serious damage to Carnation, Gerbera, Gladiolus, Chrysanthemum and Straw flower. The green semilooper, Plusia orichalcea caused damage to ...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
Ayesha Ilyas1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,* and Abdul Qadir1,*
...raction from leaves. Amongst the various treatments applied, the acetone extract of D. alba showed the highest repellency of 84.14%, whereas, the lowest repellency of 10.73% was observed by the chloroform extract of T. peruviana. Significant ovipositional deterrent effects of the extracts applied have been observed. Maximum oviposition inhibition was shown by petroleum ether extract of A. indica (57.14%), while the lowest ovipositon deterr...
Mohsan Ullah Goraya1,2, Liaqat Ali1,2 and Iqra Younis3
...ses into host cells. Amongst these, respiratory tract is prone to direct and continuous exposure to viral infection. Respiratory viruses including influenza virus, coronaviruses and herpes viruses are important pathogens that cause significant losses in the poultry industry. However, successful establishment of infection in the respiratory tract switch on the pathogen recognition by innate immune receptors and establish first line of defense against viral infe...
Farid S. Ataya,1,2,* Dalia Fouad,3,4 Ajamaluddin Malik,1 Nikolaos E. Labrou,5 Mohamed S. Daoud1,6 and Hesham M. Saeed7
Bacillus subtilis BML5 Isolated from Soil Contaminated with Poultry Waste has Keratinolytic Activity
Aqsa Imtiaz and Abdul Rehman*
... poultry waste. From amongst nine bacterial keratinase producing isolates were found. The BML5 isolate was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA Ribotyping. B. subtilis BML5 showed maximal keratinase activity at 37°C and at pH 8. An increase in keratinase activity of B. subtilis BML5 was determined in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ while k...
Rabia Qurashi, Qurat ul Ane Gillani* and Furhan Iqbal*
...the two groups. From amongst serum biochemical parameters triglycerides (P = 0.02) in CGP55845 treated mice showed significant increase compared to the control mice. All other studied parameters remained unaffected indicating that CGP55845 can be injected intraperitonially for the treatment of neurological ailments.
... 
Uzma Zahid
...he need of mentoring amongst medical students. Practical steps should be taken to develop achievement and leadership aspects of medical students, which can ultimately enhance their career aspirations. ...
Haq Nawaz Malik*, Iffat Ara**, Muhammad Naeem, Mozammil Hussain, M. Hanif Munawwar and M. Yousaf
... cm) was the tallest amongst all the varieties and hybrids. Ear height ranged from 70.33 (Soan-3) to 107 cm (NT-6651) while number of kernel rows per ear varied from 12 (NT-6622, 30- K95, 2512 and 2514) to 18 (R-2207). The hybrid P-30-25 produced the maximum number of grains (51) Grast-8288 produced the lowest (29). One hundred grain weight ranged from 23g (EV-6098) to 39g (2512)....
Inayat-Ur-Rahman*, Shamsher Ali**, Mukhtar Alam*, Mohammad Adnan*, Hidayat ullah*, Muhammad Faisal Anwar Malik*, Abdul Sattar Shah* Mohammad Ibrahim*
EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION PERFORMANCE AND YIELD OF OKRA ( L.)
...percent germination. Amongst priming agents, PEG gave better germination than Mannitol, however, priming agents were ineffective in lowering MGT. Increase in osmotic potential from -2.4 to 0 Mpa and duration from 6h to 24h caused significant reduction in MGT. Field experiment results showed significant improvement in yield from primed seeds as compared to unprimed seeds. Seeds primed with PEG gave significantly a higher yield than Mannitol. Maximum yield was o...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Arshad1, Rashid Mahmood2,* and Ziyad Abdul Qadir2
...;E. The apiary had 24 Langstroth standard colonies of Apis mellifera naturally infested with Varroa destructor. Ectoparasitic mite, V. destructor is considered the most important parasite of A. mellifera L. that badly affects the development and performance of bees. Main objective of our study was to assess the effectiveness of five synthetic acaricides (Bayvarol®, Apivar®, Apistan&re...
Senol Celik1,*, Ecevit Eyduran2, Adile Tatliyer3, Koksal Karadas4, Mehmet Kazim Kara2 and Abdul Waheed5
... nonlinear functions amongst Morgan-Mercer-Flodin (MMF), Logistic, Von-Bertalanffy and Janosheck models, based on monthly records of body weight from birth to 1 year in Daera Din Panah (DDP) goat. Based on coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted coefficient of determination (R2ADJUSTED) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used. Janosheck model was chosen as the most appropriate model for its highest R2 (0.999)...
Imran Khan1, Zahir Shah2, Wiqar Ahmad3*, Farmanullah Khan2 and Muhammad Sharif2
...icantly over the FP. Amongst all treatments, the 5 t ha-1 FYM and 75% NPK of the RD (INM5:75) stood superior with respect to yield as well as soil fertility status. However, efficacy was negative under deep tillage compared to shallow tillage for all treatments since yield as well as harvest Index (HI), mineral nutrients and OM content in soil were significantly lower and pH and EC higher under deep tillage. Results suggested that, unless otherwise necessary, ...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem*, Muhammad Faheem Akbar, Amjad Sultan and Saqib Ali
...rays were collected. Amongst neonicotinoids Clothianidin was found to be very effective with 84% reduction in jassid population even after 7 days of application, followed by Nitenpyram 71% and Momentum 67%, while buprofezin showed moderate effectiveness with 65% reduction. The mean data of three consecutive sprays after 14 days, revealed that the effectiveness decreased with the time increased of all the insecticides (Clothianidin> Nitenpyram> Monetum) 6...
Rana Khurram Aftab1*, Farhat Ijaz2, Samia Jawed3
...
Results: Amongst 213 students, a total of 97(45.5%) were male and 116 (54.5%) were females. Among studied subjects, 2 (2.1%) males and 8 (6.9%) females were underweight, whereas 55(56.7%) male and52(44.8%) were of normal weight. The prevalence of overweight in male and females was 17(17.5%) and 22(19.0%), prevalence in obese I in male and female was 20(20.6%) and 23(19.8%), and obese II was 3(3.1%) and 11(9.5%) respectively. Frequency of obe...
Munir Ahmad1, Aisha Hameed2*, Saba Khaliq3, Hamid Saeed Malik4 and Shahida Mohsin5
...peutic significance. Amongst these, TEL-AML1 fusion gene represents a subgroup of ALL cases, which are associated with many clinically important parameters of good prognosis. The objective of this study was to detect the frequency of TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene in ALL and its association with already established prognostic factors such as age, WBC count and FAB subtype.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with newly diagnosed ALL w...
Naveed Rashid*1, Muhammad Aamer2, Uzma Malik3, Nimra Arif4, Muhammad Waqar Akram5 and Ayesha Irshad6
...e of AVF access site amongst end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who are on maintenance hemodialysis.
Methods: This comparative cross sectional study with quantitative approach was carried out in hemodialysis unit of Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore for the month of July, 2017. All patients with ESRD, on maintenance hemodialysis through an AVF access for at least last 30 days, were included in the study. Each patient w...
Riaz Aziz Minhas1,*, Muhammad Nasim Khan1, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Basharat Ahmad1, Syda Shaista Bibi1, Mohsin Hanif1 and Afsar Mian2
Madiha Naz1, Qudrat Ullah Khan1*, M. Jamil Khan1, Obaid Ullah Sayal2, Asim Afridi3 and Aziz Ullah Sayal3
...ignificantly altered amongst the treatments. Tomato showed positive response to the organic fertilizers applied along the foliar nutrients in terms of growth, yield and quality. It may be concluded that poultry manure applied along with NAA was comparable with the inorganic fertilizer in improving the growth and yield of tomato, but had the advantage over the inorganic fertilizer in improving the soil properties. ...
Sajad Ali1*, Syed Asghar Ali Shah2, Jaffar Ali3, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal4, Arshadullah Jadoon5 and Farmanullah6
...s farmers fluctuated amongst 0.878 to 31.26 acres having mean of 4.524 acres. Moreover, maximum merchants and Beoparis credited the output of peas from the farmers directly from the local market that is Mansehra and Haripur. It is worthwhile to mention that the public sale arrangement was not totally available in the local markets. Furthermore, the 68 percent in district Mansehra while, in the Haripur 46 percent farmers traded the pea’s output in the loc...
Moorthy S. Muthuswamy
...p in communities with longstanding exposure to the phenomenon. A new analysis of a 2013 Pew Research Center report suggests that sharia’s popularity in a community can make religious leaders and their radical ideas highly influential, while in communities where sharia has little influence, religious leaders and their radical ideas likewise lack influence. This article suggests the following primary explanation of the phenomenon: backed by the prestige an...
Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Azeem Khan2, Muhammad Anjum Ali Buttar3, Umar Farooq4, Muhmmad Islam5 and Zahid Ullah Khan1
Imran Khan1*, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Malik Muhammad Hashim2
... of sugar beet crop, amongst them irrigation intervals play an important role. The farmers do not have sufficient knowledge about the suitable irrigation time (interval). The aim of study was to explore the best irrigation time for sugar beet crop. Hence, this study examines the physiological response of sugar beet cv. California-kws with different irrigation intervals at the research farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal university Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan dur...
Najeeb Ullah1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Farkhanda Khan3 and Zaki Ullah4
...ength and micronaire amongst the other sowing dates. Results further showed that CIM-602 ranked first in number of bolls/plant, weight per boll, seed cotton yield, staple length, strength and micrronaire in April 15 sowing. Former and later on cotton sowing than April 15 resulted in decreased cotton yield and fibre due to shorter growth phase and unsuitable environment, respectively. Thus it is concluded that the genotype, CIM-602 sown on April 15 suits well t...
Jennifer Mei Sze Ang
...eelings of anxiety and angst, and experiences of hostility as we encounter others through their gaze and objectification. From this framework, it examines and reflects on both the empirical models of well-being focused on desire/satisfaction/positive emotions and the eudaimonic strands of well-being studies emphasizing autonomy. It shows that the strand of well-being which places good mood and satisfaction as central goals of a happy life are projects of bad f...
Gulnaz Saleem1, Aijaz Hussain Soomro1*, Nouman Rashid2 and Mehar un Nisa Narejo3
...ferences (p>0.05) amongst all treatments. The study concluded that biscuits might be prepared from lentil flour especially at the level of 21 and 28% considered most excellent by the panelists with respect to all sensory attributes. The biscuits supplemented with wheat; lentil flour at all proportion ratios was found to be acceptable for sensory quality. ...
Ailing Huang, Lingyu Meng, Wei Zhang, Junyan Liu, Guangyao Li, Huihua Tan, Wen Lu and Xialin Zheng*
Sheng Niu1, Ali-Raza Jahejo1, Fa-jie Jia1, Xin Li1, Guan-bao Ning1, Ding Zhang1, Hai-li Ma1, Wei-fang Hao2, Wen-wei Gao1, Yu-jun Zhao1, Shi-min Gao1, Jian-hui Li1, Gui-lan Li1, Fang Yan1, Rong-kun Gao1, Huan-chun Chen1,3 and Wen-xia Tian1,*
Wali Khan1,*, Mudassar Iqbal2 and Israr Khan2
...ectively. EPG counts amongst children in both the groups before and after treatment was not significant (P>0.05). Present study was concluded that albendazole (bendazol) was showing high rate of efficacy for ancylostomiasis and amoebiasis while albendazole (zentel) was most effective for ascariasis and taeniasis. Therefore both of the drugs used are equally contributed in the controlling of intestinal parasitic diseases in children.
...
Iqra Jaffar, Zainab Sehzadi, Muhammad Adeel, Khalid P. Lone and Mehwish Faheem*
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
...ies and pollinators. Amongst bio-rational insecticides, neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators (IGRs) may be exploited as eco-friendly approach in crop pest management. We therefore, evaluated the effectiveness of nitenpyram, Clothianidin, Momentum (Mixture of Nitenpyram and Chlorfenapyr) and Buprofezin against brinjal whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.). The crop was grown in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates each having ...
Mehwish Kiran1, Muhammad Saleem Jilani1, Kashif Waseem1*, Muhammad Sohail Khan1, Fazal Haq2, Muhammad Amjad Nadim3, Ghazanfar Ullah3 and Salma Shaheen4
...PK + GM and NPK + SS amongst all the other treatments used. ...
Salma Javed1, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Irfan Ullah2, Sadia Tabassum1,*
... 2,400 participants, amongst which, 1,000 subjects were suffering from type II diabetes, including 432 males (43.2%) and 568 females (56.8%). Whereas 814 (81.4%) of them were over 40 years of age. Battagram district had the highest prevalence (24.2%) because of the lack of awareness about the disease, while Torghar exhibited the lowest prevalence (12.4%). The sociodemographic factors were analyzed one by one to assess their association with the disease....
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Rashid Mahmood2, Ziyad Abdul Qadir2, Muhammad Arshad1 and Mubasshir Sohail3
...15. The apiary had 20 Langstroth standard colonies of Apis mellifera naturally infested with Varroa destructor. Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman) is the most destructive pest of honeybees and a major threat to beekeepers in different areas of the world. Many control measures including application of chemicals, are adopted to control the infestation of mites in honey bee colonies. Chemical are still the most effective option; however, they pose different...
Azra1* and Shaukat Hussain2
...rences were recorded amongst the genotypes when the data were pooled over two years. Based on disease severity scale 14 genotypes were categorized as moderately resistant, 14 moderately susceptible and the remaining eight genotypes were grouped as highly susceptible. Significant differences were recorded for grain yield among all tested genotypes during kharif season 2015 and 2016 as well as data pooled over two years. Moderately resistant genotypes CS-2Y10, E...
Wiqar Ahmad1*, Farmanullah Khan2, Muhammad Sharif2 and Muhammad Jamal Khan2
...izer control, whilst amongst cropping patterns, lentil after maize effect was significantly (p<0.01) superior over the wheat after maize and wheat+lentil intercrop after maize for improving soil properties. Significant correlation existed between bulk density and yield (r2=0.96 and 0.91) and soil OM and yield (r2=0.84 and 0.75) for wheat and lentils, respectively, as well as among soil properties (OM and bulk density and bulk density a...
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Ghulam Yasein2 and Ghulam Abbas1
...ely conserved region amongst species. IGF-1 have not been studied before in camel. The DNA samples of Marecha camel were collected from the Camel Breeding and Research Station at Rakhmani Bhakkar, Pakistan. Four polymorphic sites were detected in the IGF-1 gene. A significant finding was the occurrence of a T→C polymorphism in exon 5 that causes a substitution of an amino acid from Cysteine to Arginine.That Cys/Arg polymorphism may serve as authori...
Bamigboye Olutoyin Omolara1, Fapohunda Funmilayo Omotoyosi1, Oladipo Elijah Kolawole1,2, Oni Mattthew Olujenyo1, Ajibade Oluwatosin Akinola1, Kaka Mary Oluwatosin1*
...nce of HBV infection amongst HIV-positive individuals in Ogbomoso. The high prevalence of HBcAb confirmed that Ogbomoso district is highly endemic with HBV infection. Likewise, HBV vaccination in HIV-infected patients is encouraged with careful monitoring for liver function, particularly those under ART. ...
Dilara Abbas Bukhari*, Mehwish Faheem, Shamoona Arshad and Khalid P. Lone
Tanweer Ahmed1*, Kashif Saeed Khan1, Zilakat Khan Malik1, Fazal Wahid1 and Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal2
...ort run relationship amongst the variables. The long-run analyses revealed the existence of a positive relationship among variables. The coefficient of ECM term (-0.389026) was found to be negative and statistically significant, which validates stable long-run relationship among variables, with a speed of 39 per cent to restore disequilibrium in case of any shock. The empirical estimation reveals that public spending on education, health, total road length, tr...
Nadia Mangrio1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Nihaluddin Mari3 and Zia-ul-Hassan Shah2
...and B (31.7 ug g-1). Amongst interactive effects, the interaction of Zn at 15 k.g ha-1 (soil applied) × B at 0.1 % (foliary applied) gave increased parameters distinctively cane yield (119.0 t ha-1), brix (24.0 %), and plant nutrients content viz. N (2.5 %), K (0.9 %), Zn (73.9 u.g g-1) and B (35.0 ug g-1). However, it is supposed that integrated grouping of Zn at 15 k.g ha-1 (soil applied) and B at 0.1% (foliar applied) proved the best combination for a...
Qaisra Siddique1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3
Shaista Abbas1,Imtiaz Rabbani1, Hafsa Zaneb2, M. Shahbaz Yousaf1, Saima Ashraf2, Abid Hussain Shahzad3, M. Afzal Rashid4 and Habib Rehman1,*
...= 0.59) did not vary amongst the groups. During postpartum period, results of the serum biomarkers revealed higher glucose (P=0.02) and lower (P = 0.002) non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels in the supplemented vs. non-supplemented goats. Compared with non-supplemented goats, reduced serum cholesterol (P = 0.05) and elevated catalase levels (P = 0.19) were observed in yeast-supplemented goats. Nevertheless, the treatment and treatment into time inte...
Sohail Ahmed1,*, Muhammad Waseem Saleem1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Shahid Nisar2, Rashad Rasool Khan1 and Abdul Rashid3
...gnificant difference amongst treatments (p <0.05). Application of spinosad alone and in combination with other control methods proved to be the most effective treatment. Releases of bio-agents viz., C. septempunctata and C. carnea resulted in 4.72 and 4.51 thrips leaf-1, respectively, and also did not differ significantly with each other. Application of bio-agents in combination was less effective with 4.37 thrips leaf...
Muhammad Ibrahim1, ShahidMaqsood1, Rafiullah Khan2, Muhammad Amjad2, SakhiJaan2
OPTIMIZATION OF GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING PARAMETERS ON PENETRATION DEPTH AND BEAD WIDTH USING TAGUCHI METHOD
...timization of the gas tungsten arc welding parameters on penetration depth
and bead width. Taguchi L25 orthogonal array was used for the design of experiments. Welding experiments were
performed on stainless steel specimens. Pilot experimentations were conducting to define the range of variables.
Optimal parameters were determined through signal to noise (S/N) ratio approach. Significant factors have been
determined through analysis...
and bead width. Taguchi L25 orthogonal array was used for the design of experiments. Welding experiments were
performed on stainless steel specimens. Pilot experimentations were conducting to define the range of variables.
Optimal parameters were determined through signal to noise (S/N) ratio approach. Significant factors have been
determined through analysis...
Zeeshan Sabir*, M. Inayatullah Babar*, Saeed Ur Rehman**, Amjad Ullah Khattak * Syed Riaz Ul Hassnain*
EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MANET ENVIRONMENT BASED ON TCP WINDOW SIZE EVALUATION
...nd to form a network amongst eachother during their random mobile behaviour. The environment has been simulated using three different routing protocols via the Network Simulator(NS)-2.35 scripting and the performance of these protocols have been compared based upon their TCP window size evaluation and the number of tcp packets successfully received at the receiving node under each scenario.
...
Muhammad Waseem*, Irshad Ahmad**, Muhammad Asif Khan**
DETERMINISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF TIME HISTORIES FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS FOR A SITE IN SWABI
...ake hazard. However, amongst other problems in those studies, one hard decision is the use of attenuation relationship as no such equation is developed for Pakistan. These studies either do not consider the newly developed New Generation Attenuation (NGA) equations or use a single NGA equation. The purpose of this study is to utilize all NGA equations to define seismic hazard in terms of peak horizontal acceleration using Deterministic Seis...
Muhammad Shakeel1*, Mudussar Nawaz1, Zahid Naseer1, Muhammad Fiaz1, Asghar Khan1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Awais Ur Rehman1, Ahmad Yar Qamar2 and Ali Raza3
Caprine and Ovine Serological Evidence of Brucellosis in Five Districts of Punjab, Pakistan
...ious animal species. Amongst different Brucella species, Brucella melitensis has the greater zoonotic aspect, hence, it is considered an occupational hazard for small ruminant handlers as well as Veterinarians. The present study reports the seroprevalence of brucellosis in different sheep and goat breeds in five districts of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 1239 serum samples were collected from male (n=73) and female (n=1166) different sheep (n = 865; Pak-Karakal...
Zaka ur Rehman1*, Kashif Akbar1, Altaf ur Rehman1, Hassan Waqas1, Alif Khan1 and Asad Ali2
Development and Storage Stability of Diet Mango Juice
...oduct by taste panel amongst the samples. Results of statistical analysis and internal comparison were found significant (P<0.05) at 90 days of storage....
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Aqeel Sarwar4, Abid Ali3, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ghulam Sarwar1
Quantitative Studies in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using Multivariate Techniques
...o parallelism exists amongst genetic and geographical diversity. First seven components in principal component analysis (PCA) having eigenvalue more than 1, showed 91.131 % the cumulative variance, while PC-1 alone showed 32.47 % variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis and PCA provided an opportunity to identify subgroups of clusters at different stages, so that every single subgroup may be analyzed critically and it will be helpful for incorporation of desira...
Hannan Nasib Hamid1,*, Muhammad Rais1, Muhammad Arif2 and Rubina Noor2
...significant position amongst the vertebrates, and play a vital role in the ecosystem. The present study reports herpetofauna of Sheikh Buddin National Park for the first time which could be used as a baseline. The national park features arid climate and two main vegetation types: tropical thorn forest and sub-tropical broad-leaved ever green forest. The data were gathered from July, 2017 to August, 2018, from major habitat types of the national park using visu...
Naveed Akhtar1*, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1*, Sadia Tabassum1,
Munawar Saleem Ahmad2 and Khan Dil Badshah3
...treated groups. From amongst biochemical components of blood triglycerides, cholesterol, urea and protein level decreased, whereas in the glucose level increased in all treated groups. In histopathology, dose dependent lesion and alterations in gills, liver, brain, kidney, intestine and muscles related with oxidative stress damage was observed. Genotoxicity increased with increase in time and concentration of cypermethrin. Cypermethrin is therefore extremly ha...
Muhammad Aman Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Abdul Rehman1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khan1, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub3, Arbaz Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Adil Rehman1, Bilal Ahmad Shahzad1, Sajid Hussain1, Muhammad Umair Hassan1 and Riaz Ahmad1
... cm spaced trenches. Amongst clones, maximum brix (24.01%), SC (17.96%), CJP (80.38%), CCS (12.51%) and sugar yield (13.62 t ha-1) were recorded in US-127 and the lowest was noted in US-704 among the clones. In conclusion, sowing in 120 cm apart trenches is a promising practice to obtain the maximum cane and sugar yield from the ratooned sugarcane crop.
...
Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khalid Munir1, Ghulam Abbas1’*, Isra Munir1, Mumtaz Ahmad Khan1, Asif Iqbal1, Munsoor ud Din Ahmad1, Muhammad Arshad Javid2, Zareen Fatima1 and Maria Arshad1
...idity and mortality. Amongst the South Asian countries India is worst hit by this deadly COVID-19. Pakistan’s neighboring Iran is also very badly infected and reported 57,057 deaths of 1,348,316 infected people. In Pakistan 52,411,930 confirm cases of COVID-19 and around 11,000 deaths are reported in various region of the country.
...
Saba Shabeer1, Riffat Tahira2 and Atif Jamal3*
... exist in the world, amongst them pathogenic species can attack plants at different stages causing considerable damage amounting to millions of rupees. One of the plant pathogenic fungi is Fusarium spp. Fusarium species are very well-known soil-inhabiting fungi that cause many economically important diseases of crops.Many species are included in the Fusarium genus, which are not only pathogenic to plants but also cause different ...
Haris Setiawan1, Aris Winaya1,*, Herwintono Herwintono1, Mulyoto Pangestu2 and Yayuk Kholifah3
...atozoa (P > 0.05) amongst the treatment. However, there was reduction on mortality and tended to increase on the motility of Limousin bull spermatozoa compared to the non-supplemented extender. Furthermore, the SFE can use in egg-yolk extender with some modification for the efficiency of sperm preservation.
...
Muhammad Farhan Qadir1, Xin-Yu Han1, Meng-li Qiao1, Ying Wang1, Ding Zhang1, Yu-hai Bi1,2, Ali Raza Jahejo1,Qian-qian Cheng1 and Wen-xia Tian1,*
Tanay Dineshkumar Shah
...ting the majority of youngsters i.e., Generation Z as the eating habits of present youngsters will define the mushroom market in the future. However, to know the perspective of millennials as well as baby boomers, people from those age groups were also included in the survey. There were 213 responses on the questionnaire which contained 14 questions. The survey results show that 16% of the people consider mushrooms as...
Muhammad Ahsan1*, Aneela Ramzan1, Muhammad Nafees1, Adnan Younis2, Muhammad Amin1, Gulzar Akhtar3, Khansa Saleem1 and Azka Sabeeh1
...ext-align: justify;">Amongst all the floricultural crop, Rose is one of the most important crop both economically as well as aesthetically whose beauty must be enjoyed for longer period of life. Current experiment was performed to discover the comparative consequence of various vase solutions to improve the post-harvest qualities and extend vase life of Rosa hybrida cv. Freedom. The research was performed at the research area of Department of Horticultural Sci...
Wesley D. Nafarnda, Japhet H. Baraya, Olatunde H. Olabode, Malang K. Simon
...
GMT 2.87 - 5.09 amongst 61.5 - 87.0% tested chickens. Questionnaire further showed V4
thermostable ND vaccination had significant effect on morbidity, mortality, hatchability, culling and
ultimately the flock productivity.
Conclusion: Corn-bran feed based vaccination demonstrated effective delivery and suitability of V4
thermostable ND vaccine use in scavenging village chickens in Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Madiha Nawaz and Shoaib Freed
...hest concentrations. Amongst all isolates, B. bassiana isolate Bb-08 was highly efficient against cotton mealybug with highest percent mortality and lowest LC50 and LT50 values. The study showed that Bb-08 can be used in the IPM of P. solenopsis.
...
Congfen Zhang1,Yingxiao Liu2, Linfeng He2, Fengjun Shi2, Weitang Yao2 and Xuegang Luo2,*
Mazhar Ullah and Mohammad Sayyar Khan*
...neration capacities. Amongst the carbon sources, sucrose was most effective both for callus induction and regeneration. ANOVA revealed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) amongst the callusing media (CM). Maximum callus induction (48.55%) was achieved on CM-2 augmented with 2.5 mg L-1 2,4-D and 4% sucrose. All the carbon sources at 4% concentration in CM-2 showed maximum callus induction. However, the best results were sho...
Asad Ullah1*, Umar Sadique2, Ibadullah Jan2, Imad Khan1, Raheela Taj3, Mumtaz Ali Khan4, Salah-ud-din4, Naimat Ullah Khan1
...culosis (bTB) is one amongst neglected zoonotic disease (NZD) caused by Mycobacterium bovis; has an economic importance with public health significance and life-threatening infection at the human-animal-ecosystem interface in low-resource settings and developing countries globally. Our study aimed to investigate the incidence of pulmonic tuberculosis caused by M. bovis in specific occupational groups; to study the socio-demographic conditions, awareness, level...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Amjad Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Riaz4, Muhammad Rafique Shahid3, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1 and Muhammad Kashif Shahzad Sarwar1
...udy the relationship amongst leaf chlorophyll contents, yield and related parameters, 18 advanced genotypes of cotton were tested in a trial at Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad. Highly significant results were noticed in the analysis of variance. Further investigation in correlation analysis revealed that there was comendable positive association among leaf chlorophyll contents, seed cotton yield (SCY), No. of sympodia, seed index and boll weight(g). Princi...
Abdul Haleem1*, Ghulam Hassan1, Arshad Iqbal2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Sajid3, Farhad Ahmad4, Rafi Ullah Khan5 and Mohammad Ilyas2
...le genetic variation amongst the studied lines, parents, F2 progeniessand parent versus F2 progenies for all the studied traits. Among parents, best lines were Atta-Habib for plant height (95.10cm) and tillers plant-1 (12.30), Janbaz for economic yield per plant (20.93g) and spike length (10.87cm), Khatakwal for 100-grain weight (3.27g). Among F2 progenies, best combinations were Khatakwal × Lalma-13 for plant height (93.96 cm), Janbaz × Pirsabak-0...
Hera Gul Mohmmand1, Rozina Gul1, Hamayoon Khan2, Sheraz Ahmed1*, Laila Fayyaz1, Ajmalud Din1 and Imtiaz Ali1
...d and harvest index. Amongst genotypes, highly significant variation was observed for the studied characters. Similarly, significant results were obtained for genotype by environment (GE) interaction for all traits except plant height. Application of phosphorus enormously improved seed yield in all chickpea genotypes. Based on mean data, chickpea plants with P application produced more seed number plant-1 (60.9), pods plant-1 (57.3) and seed yield (557.2 kg ha...
Shang Zhenda1,2*, Kong Qinghui1,4*, Li Jiakui1,4, Liu Suozhu1,2, Tan Zhankun1,2, Shang Peng1,3 and Wang Honghui1,2
...ak and domestic yak. Amongst these bacteria, Chloroflexi, Clostridiaceae, Microbispora, Blautia, Carnobacterium and Salinibacterium were obviously higher in wild yak than in domestic yak. Proteobacteria, Epulopiscium, Amycolatopsis, Brucellaceae, Sediminibacterium and Rhodococcus were significantly higher in domestic yak than in wild yak. The present study reported the microbial diversity of bacteria between wild yak and domestic yak. The findings can help imp...
Lungile Gumede1,2, Thobela L. Tyasi1, Teedzai Chitura1*, Khanyisile R. Mbatha3
...ferences (p<0.05) amongst the 11 blood profiles observed in this study. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in body weight gain (BWG), growth rate (GR) and metabolic weight gain (MWG). No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed for feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Results of the present study suggest that M. oleifera leaves can be used as a feed supplement at 20% and 50% inclusion levels without having any adverse effec...
Mensah Gertrude Dzifa1, Christian Larbi Ayisi2,* and Elliot Haruna Alhassan1
...nificantly different amongst the three experimental diets (p<0.05). Feed conversion ratio was significantly different amongst treatment (p<0.05) and ranged between 1.33 (SNM25) and 1.90 (SNM 50). Whole body lipid content of fish fed SNM 0 was significantly higher than fish fed SNM 25. All other groups were not significantly different. The mean lipid content for fish fed SNM 0, SNM 25 and SNM 50 were 9.54, 8.44 and 9.31...
Qaisra Siddique1*, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique1 and Qingyou Liu3
Ji Xu, Zhonghua Liu, Zhenhai Cui and Wenhai Zhao*
Honnakerappa S. Ballari1 and Shashikant S. Udikeri2*
...ance was significant amongst similar groups and negative in a selective pattern. Quinolphos, lambda cyhalothrin and profenphos with high r = -8 to -9 appeared to be choice for rotation a resistance management strategy....
Ibrarul-Haq* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
...ate the relationship amongst the variables. The empirical estimation indicates that all variables except household’s size and agriculture land holding have shown positive and significant influence on income from the NTFP’s. Household’s size and agricultural landholding were found negatively associated with household’s income from the NTFP’s. The study identified major problems during field visits and data collection, which include...
Uzochukwu Ephraim Emeto, Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo* and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze
Zahra Jamilah Sabrina1, Adrian Pearl Gunawan2, Beryl Reinaldo Chandra2, Ilham Pangestu Harwoko3, Johannes Marulitua Nainggolan4,Widi Nugroho1*
...RP group was highest amongst all groups (P<0.05). Emery’s score in the micro-CHA+PRP group was higher than that in the micro-CHA and control groups (P<0.05). Emery’s scores in the control and micro-CHA groups were similar (P>0.05). This study suggests that PRP-supplemented nano-CHA from bovine bone could accelerate fracture healing in rat models.
Keywords | Bone graft, Xenograft, Nano-carbonated hydroxyapatite, Platelet Rich Plasma...
Muhammad Akram1*, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq2, Amber Malik3, Farmanullah Khan4, Munir Ahmad Bhinder5 and Muhammad Sajjad6
Tariq Ali1,2*, Kamran1, Abdur Raziq1, Inam Ullah Wazir1, Anwar Ali1, Muhammad Ijaz Ali1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan2, Shakeeb Ullah2 and Sher Hayat Khan3
...higher in buffaloes. Amongst the bacterial isolates from mastitic milk the prevalence of Staphylococci spp. (24.6%) was at highest, which was followed by Escherichia coli (23.7%), then Streptococci spp. (8%) Salmonella spp. (5.9%), Klebsiella spp. (5.7%), Candida spp. (4.1%), and Proteus spp. (1.5%). The isolated bacteria were mostly resistant to ampicillin (96.5%), sulphamethoxazole (96.5%), streptomycin (95.1%), oxytetracycline (85%), and amoxicillin (78.1%)...
Marat Kuibagarov1, Assylbek Zhylkibayev1, Dinara Kamalova1, Anara Ryskeldina1, Nurdina Yerzhanova1, Yerlan Ramankulov1, Alexandr Shevtsov1*, John A Angelos2
...luate pilA diversity amongst Kazakh isolates of M. bovoculi, the pilA gene sequence was determined for 35 isolates of M. bovoculi. Ten genotypes (gNA1-gNA10) were identified which were 96.1% to 99.8% identical. It was found that as a result of the replacement of cytosine with thymine at the 97th position of the gNA8 genotype, a stop codon resulted which, if expressed, would have resulted in a truncated PilA. Phylogenetic analyses of the deduced amino acid seq...
Reda Hassan*, Bahaa Abou-shehema, Sherif Zayed, Micheal Gorgy, Shama Morsy, El-Sayed Abu El-Hassan, Mahmoud El-Gbaly, Hanaa Basuony, Ebtehal Hassan
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Ammara Abd-Us-Sattar1, Afifa Noor2, Kanwal Ashiq1,3 and Shah Jahan4
Kalsoom1, Nasir Shah2, Muhammad Ibrahim3*, Tahira Bibi1, Kazim Ali4 and Zahir Shah2
... justify;">Potato is amongst the important staple starchy food throughout the world but its salt sensitive. A large portion of irrigated land in major countries is affected by salinity or is likely to be salinized in near future. This study assessed the impact of various salt levels on morphology and biochemical attributes of a wild (Sante wild) and two transgenic (Sante 2 event and Sante 8 event) potato varieties in in vitro condition. These varieties were gr...
Syed Shah Mohioudin Gillani1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Adeel Anwar1*, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq2, Muhammad Awais3, Mujahid Iqbal4, Javed Iqbal5, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Naqvi6, Raza Ullah7 and Muhammad Abdullah Khan1
... models were plotted amongst the ground-truthed statistics and the VIs originated from satellite images to assess the accuracy. High sensitivity for chlorophyll determination was reported for NDVI and MCARI with R2 values of 0.81 and 0.80 respectively. Results proposed the real-time application of satellite imagery with high spatial resolution at wider regions. This will help the scientists to monitor and manage the nutrient requirements of plants as well as w...
Muhammad Sohail1* , Zubair Ali1, Hamidullah1, Yasir Amin1, Mehwish Malik1, Said Sajjad Ali Shah2
...s were highest (26%) amongst Ramghani breed of sheep. Haemonchus was very high in Beetal goats as compared to other animals. Females were more susceptible to Strongylus infestation (20%) as compared to males (19.8%).
Keywords | Helmenthiasis, Coprology, Alpine pastures, Spring
...
Navjot Hothi
...ading to callousness amongst farmers about getting their livestock vaccinated. Trends suggest that this disease could resurface in the summer of 2023 and could also spread across the nation, with the fear of becoming endemic. The virus can survive for months in dark enclosures. The main culprit behind the spread of the disease is indirect transmission via vector movement, which peaks during the summer and monsoon months. Direct transmission of the virus is fou...
Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail
...sed the lower values amongst the applied fertilizers levels and achieved higher increase in the plant growth parameters. As for the N, P, and K used in different combinations, a similar trend was noticed when the recommended levels of the fertilizers were applied to plants. It is worthy of notice that when phosphorus was decreased or nitrogen increased, in combination with the other elements at their recommended levels, the nematode reproduced well and folded ...
Ghulam Sarwar Channa1*, Abdul Razak Mahar1, Inayatullah Rajpar2, Abdul Aziz Mirani3, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti2, Muneer Ali Bhagat1 and Wazir Ali Maitlo4
...NaCl concentrations. Amongst the five rice cultivars, DR-92 performed better in terms of survival percentage, average plant height, shoot dry weight, percent reduction over control (PROC) for plant height and shoot dry weight, the accumulation of less Na+ and more K+ as well as the higher K+/Na+ ratio in shoot dry matter, than rest of the cultivars at low to high salt-stress (NaCl) conditions. The results show that the non-aromatic rice cultivar DR-92 can surv...
Irtaza Hussain1, Muti ur Rehman Khan1*, Asim Aslam1, Masood Rabbani2 and Ahsan Anjum1
...to develop awareness amongst farmers but will also provide guidelines to government officials about the prevention and control of the disease....
Momina Raheem1, Muhammad Fiaz2*, Muhammad Mushtaq1, Umana Niazi1, Evelyn Saba3 and Mansoor Abdullah3
...g/day but difference amongst treatment was not significant. The weight of the lambs at birth and 7th day age was increased (P<0.05) with CRS 25g/d and 50g/d as compared to control but no difference (P>0.05) was found between treatments. The higher survival rate of lambs (P<0.05) was found in CRS 25 g/d, followed by 50 g/d and then 0 g/d. Milk constituents; solid not fat, density, lactose, minerals and protein were increased (P<0.05) with increasing...
Ahmed Al-Hasnawi*, Wafaa Kadhim Jasim
Faiza Naeem1, Muhammad Farooq Sabar1, Muhammad Usman Ghani2,*, Qurat Ul Ain1 and Qurat-ul-Ain Zafar1
Wei Wan1, Xiao-Li Wang1, Shu-Juan Wang2, Qin Si2 and Li-Qing Duan1*
Azzami, Mohamed 1.; Hakiml , Aya Salah El-Din; Othman2, Badawi A. and 2 El-Dougoug, Khaled A.
...tained with 2% phosphotungstic acid. Electron microscopy revealed that the phage particles had an isometric head and long-contractile tail. Some particles appeared to have a short tail with full heads, the bacteriophage resembles those belong to the Myoviridae family. Enteroviruses were detected using RT-PCR and real-time-RT-PCR in inlet water of El-Bagour and Shibin ElKom stations in summer season, while H5N1 was not detected in all sites throughout four seas...
Mazharul A. M. 1, Md. S. Sarwar ,M. Nurullah 2, Keshab K. Adhikary I and M. Rahmatullah 1
...eys were carried out amongst three ethnic groups (Garo, Khasia and Santal) and five districts of Bangladesh to identify medicinal plants used for the treatment of the above diseases. It was observed that six plants Nyctanthes arbortristis, Swertia chirata, Vitex negundo, Andrographis paniculata, Clerodendrum viscosum and Tinospora cordifolia were used for treatment of viral fevers. Stemona tuberosa was used in case of measles. Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta ...
Abdul Hassan1*, Shahnaz Akhtar1 and Muhammad Ishaq2
...ining the connection amongst livelihood asset and livelihood strategies. Average index value of livelihood asset was 0.297 in the area, that indicates the disadvantageous nature in livelihood asset of agricultural households, uncovering the subtle living standard of agricultural households and lacking prospects of economic development. The research findings reveal that human capital, financial and social capital of livelihood asset has positive significant eff...
Raza Ali Mangi1,2, Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Afrasyab Khan1,2, Meng-li Qiao1,2, Muhammad Farhan Qadir1,2, Mazhar Hussain Mangi3, Shi-xiong Yang1,2, Xin-yu Han1,2, Sheng Niu1,2, Ding Zhang1,2, Ying Wang1,2 and Wen-xia Tian1,2*
MUHAMMAD AMJAD ALI1*, MUMTAZ AHMAD KHAN2, WAQAS AHMAD3, FAIZ-UL HASSAN4, SYED MUHAMMAD RAIHAN DILSHAD5, MIAN MUHAMMAD AWAIS1, MUHAMMAD IRFAN ANWAR1, MUHAMMAD RAZA HAMEED1 , MUHAMMAD ASHRAF SULTAN6 & HASEEB ANWAR7
...s were insignificant amongst both treatment groups. Hypertonic colloid fluid can effectively be used as resuscitation fluid in medical emergencies....
Muhammad Bilal Zia1*, Ashar Farooq1, Hammad Ud Din1, Barkat Ullah Khan1 and Samee Ud Din2
...stify;">Paulownia is amongst the fastest growing trees in the world having a wide range of distribution. It has gained greater attention as a bioenergy crop in agro-forestry systems for its application as industrial raw material and a promising afforestation agent for phytoremediation of heavy metal-polluted soils. Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar introduced Paulownia species in 1989 and six species were evaluated in multi-location trials. The studies for o...
Ch. Muhammad Muslim and Sohail Sikander
...tion and cooperation amongst various agencies such as Forest Department, farmers, traders and pharmaceutical firms interested in the utilization of these medicinal plants of pharmacopoeial importance and to initiate regeneration work in Leepa valley, Azad Kashmir. For this purpose, in-situ conservation area and gene bank must be established of higher elevation medicinal plants like Saussurea lappa, Podophyllum emodi, Atropa acuminata, Rheum emodi, Angelica ...
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhtar and M. Mahboob-ur-Rahman
...th. The landscape is amongst the most heavily irrigated on earth and canals can be found throughout the province. Weather extremes are notable from the hot and barren south to the cool hills of the north. The foothills of the Himalayas are found in the extreme north as well. Most areas in Punjab experience fairly cool winters. By mid-February the temperature begins to rise; springtime weather continues until mid-April, when the summer heat sets in. The spring ...
Muhammad Arif Chaudhary and Ejaz Ahmed
...stalkess , are noted amongst the family members. Where as the cap width variation is recorded from 0.3 cm to 2.2 cm. The dominating color of the specimens is clay (52.5%) followed by white and off white (30.1%), cream, pale cream and light brown (5.5% each).
50% of the members of the Tricholomataceae are collected from the humus followed by 33.3% on ground and 16.6% on the broad-leaved trees distributed in the mountainous tract of the NWFP, P...
Sarfaraz Hussain Bangash
... elements to plants. Amongst the micro-nutrient elements, boron is perhaps the most important and plays a very important role in soil-plant relationship. It has a marked effect on crop growth, both from the standpoint of plant nutrition if it is deficient in soil, and of toxicity if it is present in excess. Boron is the 25th element in order to abundance on the earth’s surface, and 12th in order of abundance in plants and animals (Robinson, 1953)....
Altaf Hussain
...is the most vigorous amongst all the provenances. Provenances originated from Batrasi, Dadar and Ghoragali are the best in diameter and height growth under local climatic conditions at Pir Sohawa, Islamabad. ...
Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry and Jehangir Ghauri
...
Intro:
Amongst the various species in agroforestry programme, Eucalyptus has established itself as a tree most suitable for Agroforestry, as it can grow on a variety of soils under various climatic conditions. It has desirable qualities, such as fast rate of growth, clean straight bole, thin crown, ornamental value and less shade casting. Besides that, it has multiple uses i.e. poles, pulp, fuel, charcoal, fiber board, chipboard etc. ...
Mohammad Rafique Sardar
...yielded the highest
amongst all fodder trees. Its total biomass per plant
was 184.4 kg, and was followed by Acacia tortilis, which
yielded 80.3 kg. per plant....
S. M. Rafique
...numerous gaps in it. Amongst these, 11 trees were defective (top broken per dry and partially rotten from ground upwards). The diameters of trees at breast height (dbh) ranged from 6 cm (2.4 inch) to 50 cm (20 inch) with standing volume of 134.73 (4755.5 ft3), which was estimated with the help of volume table of the species....
M. Iqbal Ahmad and K. E. Park Dr.
...ry for distribution
amongst the farmer for rearing. During breeding and
selection of the bi-voltine races sex limited mutants
were also selected for further research....
Wulf Killmann
...rt them quickly - use tungsten carbide or stellited saw blades - apply large bites as recommended for hardwood - maintain saw properly - dip the timber in fungicide after sawing - segregate and stack the sawn timber in accordance with at least two, preferably three density classes - Seasoning: air season the timber properly stacked (in airy place under cover, off the ground, with fillets between) - air dry timber down to 30% before kiln drying it do not dry ba...
Mohammad Noor
...of forage production amongst the Medicago spp. and Vicia spp. Forage production of grasses was significantly more as compared to Medicago spp. and Vicia spp. However, Festuca arundinacea (70), Loium perenne (334) and Lolium multiflorum (191) did not show any significant difference in forage production amongst themselves....
Abdul Aleem
...ajor casualties (32) amongst the young ones. Kid female was 1.03. Medium sized groups (5 to 20) contained most of the population. During August 1978 habitat characteristics were determined for the summer season. Cover conditions were favorable and the food was plentiful for the number of a animals occupying the area....
K.M. Siddiqui and M. Khan
...stands selected from amongst the best natural stands of chir pine in the same locality under our Agricultural Research Council project (1). This note compares the performance of one year old seedlings raised from two types of seed....
M.A. Quraishi, A. Khalique, Shahida Perveen and Perveen Akhtar
...abrotenoides are amongst the most frequent of the shrubs. Caragana is a medium sized bush growing on gritty sites while Pervoskia is a herb with bulbous thick tap root, lush green and a dominant colonizer of river beds and leaves (Zellar and Beg, 1969)....
Saeeda Akhtar
... considered the best amongst the fast growing broad-leaved trees and have been selected for large scale afforestation in West Pakistan. This prompted a study on the germination behaviour of these species. Seeds of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Dehn., E.melanophloia. F.V.M., E.microtheca, F.V. M., and E.tereticornis, Sm. have been used in this study. Both laboratory and field experiments have shown a marked trend from high germ...
Sher Afgan1, Muhammad Asif2, Iqra Yaqoob3, Muhammad Latif4, Zureesha Sajid2, Kainat Akram3, Ghulam Mujtaba5, Manzoor Hussain6, Muhammad Farooq1, Mourad Ben Said7,8* and Furhan Iqbal3*
Alaa H. Sadoon1, Zainab Abdulimam Majeed2, Majdy Faisal Majeed1*
...sults exhibited that amongst all the fixatives, Formalin and Zenker,s had higher effectiveness for short-term fixation (6,12 and 24 hrs). For Bouin’s fluid, the tissues were far more preferable at 12- and 24-hours fixation, while Carnoy’s and Clarke’s solutions were preferred at 6- and 12-hours fixation. The efficiency of these fixatives was also poor after forty-eight hours, as the tissue became hard and crumbly. This study has made practica...
Kremlin Mark B. Ampode1,2,3*, Ramanathan Solaiyappan1, Baskaralingam Vaseeharan1
Shahid Ali Khan1*, Farooq Ahmad1, Muhammad Zubair Akram2, Yan Tongyu3, Fatima Urooj1, Kamran Ahmad1, Saeed Ullah4, Sharmeen Zulfiqar5, Tahira Batool6, Aqsa Sarwar1, Yaqoob Sultan7 and Samreen Nazeer8*
...sixth largest family amongst the Anthophyta class of plants. it consists of 340 genera and 9000 species and is cosmopolitan distributed throughout the world. The habits of plants are annuals, perennial herbs, shrubs, and trees. The identifying characteristic feature of plants in this family is the formation of milky latex, because of their succulent nature; they can tolerate or resist water deficit conditions. Different ecotypes of this genus were collected fr...
Salim Saifullah1* and Achyut Adhikari2
...cal properties, has a longstanding history of global utilization. The biochemical components substantially impact the economy and pharmacological sector, providing various advantages. Nepetin, a flavonoid found in Artemisia plants, has been shown to possess various biological effects including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, nepetin as yellowish powder was isolated from A. vulgaris extract through col...
Shimaa R. Hamam, Reham A. El-shafei, Nani N. Abdelaziz, Magdy S. Amer
Dietary Habits of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Inhabiting Agro-Ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan
Anum Razzaq*, Tariq Mahmood, Ammara Saman, Ammara Baig, Nadeem Munawar and Muhammad Farooq
...d tubers) invariably amongst crop stages and seasons. During spring season, wheat was the most frequently consumed cereal. But during winter, as groundnut crop approached towards maturity/harvested, gerbils consumed mainly nuts and grains, while in autumn and summer (non-crop periods), the rat species switched its diet to wild flora, and consumed most frequently Ziziphus nummularia (Beri) followed by Cynodon dactylon (Khabbal grass), Desmostachya bipinnate (Ba...
