Effect of Honey in Improving Breast Cancer Treatment and Gene Expression Modulation of MMPs and TIMPs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Rafa Almeer1,*, A. Alqarni1,2, S. Alqattan3, S. Abdi4,*, S. Alarifi1, Z.Hassan5 and A. Semlali6
1Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Zip Code 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
6Genome Research Chair,Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Fig. 1.
Cell morphology at 6, 24, and 48 h of untreated cells (A-C), post-treatment with doxorubicin 4% (v/v) (D-F), sidr honey 1% (v/v) (G-I) and wild honey 1% (v/v) (J-L).
Fig. 2.
Cell viability in different subgroups (6, 24, and 48 h) as estimated by MTT assay. The proliferation of MDA-231 cells was detected by MTT assay after treatment with H1, H2, Doxo and compared to untreated cells. *p-value is significant at < 0.05.
Fig. 3.
Expression of TIMPs in (H1, H2 and doxo) treated and untreated breast cancer MDA-231 cells. A, TIMP-1; B, TIMP-2; C, TIMP-4. Columns, mean (n = 3); SD. *P ≤ 0.05, significant compared to control (untreated cells).
Fig. 4.
Expression of MMPs in (H1, H2 and Doxo) treated and untreated breast cancer MDA-231 cells. A, MMP-9; B, MMP-2 gene. Columns, mean (n = 3); SD. *p ≤ 0.05, significantly compared to untreated control.