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In-vitro Ruminal Ecosystem in Buffaloes on Concentrates and Fat Supplementation

In-vitro Ruminal Ecosystem in Buffaloes on Concentrates and Fat Supplementation

Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4, Hafandi Ahmad1, Norhariani Mohd Nor1, Goh Yong Meng1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Norafizah Abdul Rahman5,6, Agung Irawan7,9, Anuraga Jayanegara8,9, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3,9*

 

1Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 3Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 4Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia; 5Agro Biotechnology Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; 6Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand; 7Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia; 8Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; 9Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.

*Correspondence | Hasliza Abu Hasim, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Email: haslizaabu@upm.edu.my 

ABSTRACT

The use of dietary supplementation such as concentrate and bypass fat to improve the buffalo performance warrants further investigations, especially in an in-vitro study. Even though several studies have reported the potential of supplementation in enhancing the growth of buffaloes, the effect on a different breeds of buffaloes, the potential to reduce methane production, and the changes in microbial populations remained unclear following different ratios of forage: supplementation feeding regime. This study described the effects of supplementing Brachiaria decumbens grass (G) received either concentrate (C) or mixed with bypass fat (B) supplement on the in-vitro rumen fermentation and microbial ecosystem of Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes. Three males Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes consuming 100% DM of fresh B. decumbens were used as rumen contents donors. The in-vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial population profiles were investigated. The study revealed that Diet C had the highest ether extract and gross energy, with optimum value of crude proteins but low in crude fiber compared to diets B and A. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and their molars proportion, gas production, total fatty acids, total bacteria count, and total protozoa count increased in parallel with the concentrate levels in Diets B and C (P < 0.05) in both breeds. The result also revealed that Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes showed comparable rumen fermentation patterns when treated with the same dietary treatments, but Swamp buffalo were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Ruminococcus albus and total fatty acid. This study showed that supplementing concentrates solely or a mixture with bypass fat into a grass-based diet could decrease methane production, as well as methanogens without giving a detrimental effect on rumen fermentation but also increase the degree of fatty acids saturation partially via increasing the abundance of fibrolytic bacteria. Thus, both dietary treatments are highly recommended to enhance optimal rumen fermentation and eventually support production performance. 

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Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

November

Vol. 12, Iss. 11, pp. 2062-2300

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