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Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro*, Habib-Ur-Rehman Memon, Muhammad Ali Ansari, Ahmed Naqi Shah

...orted to contain several allelochemicals. Utilization of these allelochemicals is considered low-cost and natural sources for weed suppression. Field trials were undertaken at Cotton Section, Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam Pakistan during summer 2010 and repeated during summer 2011 for validating the previous results. The experiments were laid out in three replicated randomized complete block de...

Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Hidayat-ur-Rahman2, Sheraz Ahmed2* and Fakharuddin2

...ions to generate 7 x 7 diallel crosses. In 2008 and 2009, all F1 hybrids along with their parent cultivars were planted in randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replicates at Tobacco Research Station Mardan (plain) and Tobacco Research Substation Mansehra (hilly). Data for all traits were analysed in pooled analysis and individual environments. Heterosis over better parent was determined for all traits across environments. Heterobeltiosis...

Muhammad Jurial Baloch1*, Ghulam Murtaza Channa2, Wajid Ali Jatoi2, Abdul Wahid Baloch1, Imdad Hussain Rind1, Muhammad Ahmed Arain1 and Ayaz Ali Keerio1

...yield traits from half diallel crosses was carried-out. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant for days to 75% maturity, tillers plant-1, spike length, spike density, grains spike-1, grain yield plant-1, seed index and harvest index. Significance of GCA and SCA variances suggested that both additive and non-additive genes were controlling these characters. The magnitude of SCA variances were higher than GCA indicating...

 Muhammad Ishaq and Raziuddin

 
...ined in an 8 × 8 diallel intra specific F1 crosses in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) during 2011-2013 to scrutinized potential lines, hybrids, and nature of gene action involved in the inheritance of maturity and plant architecture traits. Analyzed data revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for days to flowering, maturity, plant height, primary branches plant-1 and main raceme length. Analysis of combining ability revealed highly sign...

 Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro, Qamaruddin Jogi, Mahmooda Buriro, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari and Ali Nawaz Khaskheli

 

... The utilization of allelopathic properties of plants is thought to be an effective and environment-friendly approach for weed management. A pot experiment to evaluate the allelopathic potential of leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (L.) against Convolvulus arvensis (L.) and Cyperus rotundus (L.) was undertaken during summer 2011. The study was conducted at Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam,...

Pan-pan Guo1, Wei Liu2, Yan Li2, Rui-yu Ma2, Wang Zaigui1*, Kai Zhan2*, Jun-ying Li2 and Sheng-nan Liu2 

...e mutation. Genotype and allele frequency analysis showed that SNP G62976A and SNP G50831C of the HTT gene in chicken had some effects on reproduction traits, and the genotype GG was the advantageous genotype. Additionally, four HTT haplotypes (H1: GG; H2: GC; H3: AG; H4: AC) and their frequency distributions were estimated using the phase program. Haplotypes combinations constructed on these two SNPs of HTT gene were associated with some reproduction traits. ...

Süleyman Kök1*, Sertaç Atalay1, Hasan Semih Eken2 and Mustafa Savaşçi3

...ed. In order to sort the allele variants (G/C), PCR products, the ones in CAST with RsaI enzyme, was cut using RFLP method. The allele variants (G/C) of CAPN1 316 and (C/T) of CAPN1 4751 were determined with ARMS-PCR method. This study was conducted to determine three SNPs which were related to meat quality in 130 purebred female and male samples of TGC breed. In TGC samples, C allele freq...

Shazia Irfan1*, Asima Rani1, Muhammad Arshad2 and Razia Bashir1

...sm was carried out using allele specific PCR based amplification strategy. The serum samples were analyzed for determination of metals and minerals through Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA 6600 Shimadzu). The statistical analysis indicated that non-significant association existed between SOD1 (rs2070424) gene polymorphism and RA (p>0.05). Results of HWE estimation indicate that allele frequencies were not deviant f...

Wazha Mugabe1,2, Lawrence Akanyang1, Mackenzie Nsinamwa1, Batanani Moatswi1, Naledi Matthews1, Kealeboga Dipheko1, Imtiaz Ahmed Ujjan3 and Assar Ali Shah2*

... each study area, two parallel transects measuring 1000 m radiating from the water points (borehole) were established. Sampling plots of sizes 10m x 10m were systematically placed along each transect at intervals of 50m for the first 500m and the last 500m the spacing interval was increased by 100m. The botanical composition (P<0.05) of fodder trees along grazing gradients was composed of 20 and 12 species for fenced and unfenced areas, respectively. The gr...

Nirbhay Kushwaha, Achuit K Singh, Brotati Chattopadhyay and Supriya Chakraborty

Recent advances in geminivirus detection and future perspectives
...eatest capability for parallel yet specific testing and can be used to detect individual or combinations of viruses with sensitivity comparable to ELISA. Methods based on PCR provide the greatest sensitivity among the listed techniques but are limited in parallel detection capability even in “multiplexed” applications. Better, easier and cheaper than polymerase chain reaction or antibody detection, rolling circle...
Jakub Jan Skorupski
...e gene genotypes has tri-allelic polymorphism g.1219C>G (PIC = 0.3039), and three di-allelic polymorphisms - g.616G>C, g.846A>G and g.931C>T (PIC>0.2400). The recognized SNPs enrich the database of single nucleotide polymorphisms for American mink.
...
Sadia Munir1a, Asif Nadeem1a*, Maryam Javed1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3 and Sidra Manzoor1 
...eported. Heterozygosity, allelic and genotypic frequencies of identified variants were also determined. Chi2 test was performed to evaluate the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium of each polymorphic site. Two loci were found to be in HWE. These identified alleles will be useful for animal selection at molecular level i.e. an ideal tool for marker-assisted selection of animals for future breeding programs.
...
Madeeha Arshad1, Naveed Ahmad2,*, Muhammad Khalid3, Asmatullah1, Mohammad Tahir2, Khadija Naveed1 and Asia Iqbal4
...ction in body weights parallel to increase in dose concentration, as compared to control and vehicle control. Morphometric studies showed significant differences in nervous, integumentary and skeletal systems against control. Exencephaly, Omphalocoel, hygroma and limb abnormalities were recorded. It is shown that Cr VI causes teratogenic effects in mice embryos.
...
Süleyman Kök*
...lt;0.001). The effective allele number and allele density are other criteria to show the spatial heterogeneity in a population. The average effective allele number (ne) per loci for TGC samples from the smallholders in the villages, TGC ex-situ conservation herd and the total population sample were calculated as 1.7379±0.3559, 1.6026±0.4422 and 1.7103±...
Yun Wang1,*, Lei Guan1, Jiding Chen1, Yaping Kong1, Lang Si2 and Asif Shah3
...R) tracks are running parallel to each other with an in between distance of 0 to 2.5 km from Kunlunshankou to Wudaoliang sections which is about 107 km. An expressway will be built along these two lines in the near future to improve further accessibility between Qinghai and Tibet. Understanding the overlapping impact of QTH and QTR on ungulates will facilitates locating the route selection parameters for the proposed upcoming expressway. Using the procedures o...
Madiha Hashmi1, Abid Hussain1, Shafiq ur Rehman1, Farida Ahmed2, Shahbaz Aslam3,Nadeem Afzal4 and Zaigham Abbas1,*
... and position 21 and the allele frequency is associated with allergy. The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the aero-allergens and the frequency of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 allele in aeroallergen sensitized individuals. Blood samples of aeroallergen sensitized individuals were collected at the Allergy Centre, NIH, Islamabad. Then samples were analysed at the Department of Microbiolo...
Muhammad Imran Shabbir
...of paternal and maternal alleles for a particular cross. Described here is a line-dot method using ternary genotype codes to determine genotype probabilities in a very quick and simple way. Also ternary genotype codes along with gender symbols and affection status are used to modify the Punnett squares. On applying these modified Punnett squares along polygonal shapes covers all possible parental combinations and their genotypic and phenotypic outcomes in offs...
Wanchao Zhu1, Qinguo Wei1, Shuyu Xue1, Huanxin Zhang2, Tianshu Lv1 and Honghai Zhang1,
...rated that the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to five and the mean number of alleles was 3.67. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.227 to 0.545 and 0.201 to 0.630, respectively. The polymorphic information content value ranged from 0.181 to 0.573. Null allele frequency varied from -0.0548 to 0.0563. The sets of loci proved to correctly discriminate populat...
Javeria1, Masroor Ellahi Babar1,2,*, Akhtar Ali2, Asif Nadeem1, Abdul Wajid1, Sajjad Ali Shah3, Sadaf Rashid4, Muhammad Wasim1 and Muhammad Abdullah1
...02). The prevalence of C allele was 13.5% in disease, 5.83% in controls and found significant with p-value 0.007. These findings suggest that c.G745C in COMT gene has a significant association and a possible role in the OCD development in Pakistani patients.
...
Shabana1,*, Farah Ehsan1 and Shahida Hasnain1,2
...her frequency of the Ser allele compared to the controls (22.9% vs. 18.3%; OR: 1.32, CI: 0.95–1.83, p=0.013). The minor allele (Ser) showed a significant association with weight, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol level and LDLC had no effect on age, height, triglycerides, HDLC and leptin. In conclusion, Gly482Ser variant appears to be significantly associated with diabetes in Pakistani population. T...

Mian Ahmad Raza*, Ghulam Hassan and Naqib Ullah Khan 

...important traits using diallel mating design in wheat at Peshawar Pakistan. Eight wheat genotypes viz. Janbaz (JNB), Fakhr-i-Sarhad (FS), Pirsabak 2005 (PS), AUP-5008 (AUP), Saleem 2000 (S2K), Tatara (TTR), Barsat (BST) and Siren (SRN) were crossed in all possible combinations during 2011-12 cropping season. The resultant F1 hybrids were planted following a randomized complete block design using three replications in the subsequent wheat growing season of 2012...
Shengyan Su, Zaijie Dong*, Wenbin Zhu, Lanmei Wang and Jianjun Fu 
...ch-up like growth from diallel cross-breeding due to its similarity with high growth speed in the later period for common carp Cyprinus carpio L cross-breeding. A compensatory index matrix for 3×3 full diallel cross combinations used for selection was built to investigate compensatory like growth of each combination. Yes/No(Y/N) effect was determined for specific combination dyads, which there were significant d...
Muhammad Saqlain1, Humaira Kalsoom1, Muhammad Fiaz1,2, Abid Mahmood1, Rizwan Aziz Qazi4 ,Waseem Safdar5, Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq1,Bernard M.Y. Cheung3 and Ghazala Kaukab Raja1,*
...a PCR-RFLP. Genotype and allele frequencies were calculated and computed for genetic associations presented as odds ratios (ORs) with a threshold of p≤0.05 to determine statistical significance. The frequency of 54Thr allele of FABP2 significantly associated with MetS risk in Pakistani population. Our results showed that frequency of the FABP2 54Thr allele was signi...
Jarosław Pytlewski1, Ireneusz Antkowiak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2,*
...equency of genotypes and alleles was respectively: AA=0.0469, AG=0.3154, GG=0.6377, A = 0.2046 and G = 0.7954. AA homozygotes had the highest age at first insemination and the lowest insemination index. Cows with this genotype after calving and calves (both gender) from AA homozygotes had the biggest weight after calving. In contrast GG homozygotes had the longest intercalving period. The results prove the existence of dependencies between genu <...
Meghan Griffith
...are in important ways parallel to a more recent (“Modern”) argument for the incompatibility of causal determinism and freedom to do otherwise” (1). Comparisons between foreknowledge and determinism appear throughout the book, typically when Fischer is defending incompatibilist arguments regarding foreknowledge and freedom to do otherwise (i.e., alternatives). But in an intriguing discussion in the introductory chapter, Fischer draws a compari...

Zahid Akram, Saif Ullah Ajmal, Ghulam Shabbir, Muhammad Munir and Nasir Mahmood Cheema

INHERITANCE MECHANISM OF SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN BREAD WHEAT
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Barkat Ali*, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah, Ghulam Shabbir** and Nasir Mahmood Cheema***

...nbsp;-A 6 x 6 complete diallel mating design was used to study the inheritance of different plant traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Six genotypes viz., BJA-592, ACALA-SJ-4, 4-F, CP-15/2, CIM-497 and PB-899 were included in diallel crosses. Results revealed that over-dominance type of gene action was controlling the inheritance of monopodial and sympodial branches plant height number of bolls and boll weight. T...
Haixia Liu, Yuwei Ye, Yang Li, Xiaolin Liu, Dongmei Xiong* and Lixin Wang
...ang river. A total of 59 alleles were found and the number of alleles in each locus ranged from 3 to 8, with an average of 5.4. There were 6 highly polymorphic loci and 4 moderately polymorphic loci. The average expected heterozygosity (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity in four populations ranged from 0.6421-0.6980 and from 0.4841-0.6999. Significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg were found in the fou...
Lin Wang1,2, Ye Gong3, Kelin Chen1, Haitao Wang3 and Xianguo Lyu1,*
...nd polymorphic with 2-10 alleles. The observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.481 to 0.827 and the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.373 to 0.775. Significant linkage disequilibrium was found only between two markers. These microsatellites could be used to enhance our understanding of genetic information and breeding biology of Relict Gull.
...
Qin Liu1,2, Feiwei Liu1, Xiuyue Zhang1, Nan Yang1 and Jianghong Ran1,*
...quencing technology. The allele number of these loci ranged from two to six in genotyped 35 individuals. Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.2735 to 0.7717 with an average of 0.5149. Observed and expected heterozygosities at each locus ranged from 0 to 0.879 and 0.332 to 0.814, respectively. These markers could be used to better understand the breeding system and protection manage of this species.
...

 Muhammad Arifullah, Muhammad Munir*, Abid Mahmood**, Saifullah Khan Ajmal and Ghulam Shabbir*

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOME YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN INDIAN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.)
...ations using 8×8 diallel system for combining ability analysis. Data was recorded for seed yield and some important yield attributes. The results for combining ability analysis indicated significant general combining ability for most of the traits except plant height and siliqua length. UCD-8/4, KJ-119 and BRS-2 were good general combiners for yield related traits. A cross BRS-2 × UCD-8/4 showed best desired SCA for number of primary branches and s...

 Rizwana Sultan*, Javed Khan, Ehsan ul Haq, Tariq Mehmood**, Roshan Zada Khattak***, and Naheed Akhtar**

BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TRICHOGRAMMA CHILONIS ISHII (TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) FEEDING ON SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS AT THREE CONSTANT TEMPERATURES
...rain moth, Sitotroga cereallela eggs at three constant temperatures and five different ages of host eggs at Insect Pest Management Programme, National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC) Islamabad. The results revealed that maximum rate of parasitism was 95.70 ± 1.94 at 28 ± 1 °C while minimum was 61.30 ± 1.70 at 32 ± 1 °C. Maximum adult emergence and female ratio from parasitized eggs were 96.30% with 59.2± 5.83 fem...

 Muhammad Tayyab Mudassar*, Ehsan-ul-Haq*, Muhammad Naeemullah**, Muhammad Shakeel*, Muhammad Ashfaque*, Asmat un Nisa* and Javed Khan*

ECONOMIC REARING OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (STEPHENS) (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) IN INSECTARY
...g field releases, S. cereallela is recommended as more efficient and economic host as compared to P. solenopsis.

...

 Syed Asif Imran Shah*, Shah Jehan Khan**, Abdul Aziz Baloch*** ,
Obaid Ullah Sayal**, Kalim Ullah* andShujaat Ali**

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS IN VARIOUS INBRED LINES OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
...ts through 6 × 6 diallel model in maize inbred lines, was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications at Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, during 2012. Variance analysis exhibited highly significant (P≤0.01) variation among genotypes for days -1 -1 -1 to 50% silking, ear length, kernel rows ear , kernels row , kernels ear and grain yield. Mean square values due to general combining ability were -1 hi...

 Asif ullah Khan*, Faizan Ullah*, Sultan Mehmood*, Muhammad Irshad* and Farhat Ullah Khan**

ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF L. PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS
...g present investigation, allelopathic potential of leaf aqueous extract was investigated on seed germination and seedling development of L. Extracts were applied at 25%, 20%, 15%, 10% and 5% as seed soaking for 8 hours prior to sowing. Phenolics compounds were found in aqueous extracts and were higher in 25% extract (52.72 mg gallic acid eq. / gm of extract). Higher concentration of the extract (25%) significantly decreased seed germination (%), seed germinati...
Selçuk Kaplan1,* and Sertaç Atalay2
...55 and 0.945 for A and G alleles, respectively. LEP and IGF1 gene showed polymorphic patterns in Kivircik crossbred sheep population. There was no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05) relative to LEP and IGF1 genotypes.
...

Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan 

...ssed in 8×8 full diallel pattern to identify aphids resistant genotypes under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Number of aphids tiller-1 revealed highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) among the genotypes. Under irrigated condition genotypes PJ-11×Lal-13, Tat-96×Lal-13, JB×Lal-13, AH×PS-05 and PS-13×Lal-13 were comparatively resistant with low aphids density while genotype PJ-11×PS-05 and KW were most susceptibl...
Zeqin Fu, Yunfang Tian, Yingying Ye*, Pengzhi Qi and Changwen Wu
...dentified. The number of alleles per loci ranged from six to twenty-one with an average of 12.913 and the allele size varied between 161 and 470 bp. The observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.143 to 1.000 and from 0.351 to 0.926, with average values of 0.614 and 0.771, respectively. Eighteen loci accorded with the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE)(P > 0.05). The polymorphism information content (<...

Xiangbin Meng1,Tianxiang Gao2, Chunhou Li3, Na Song1, Lu Liu1, Liqin Liu2 and Xiumei Zhang1,*

 

...nta individuals. The allele number of all polymorphic microsatellite markers ranged from 6 to 10. Expected and observed heterozygosity varied from 0.260 to 0.904 and from 0.292 to 0.861, with an average of 0.741 and 0.607, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.566 to 0.823. These markers will be useful in further studies and will give new insight into conservation and efficient management of this species.
...
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin,1,* Amira M. Metwally Mohamed2 and Abd El-Reheem A. El Shatter2

 

...onomorphic with the same allele fixed in all individuals from both karyotype forms and only 7 (41.2%) loci were polymorphic with two different alleles. Levels of genetic variability between the two forms were relatively low and are comparatively either within the range or quite different from those of the same species occurring elsewhere. The means of expected (He) and observed (Ho) hetero...
Naveed Rashid*1, Muhammad Aamer2, Uzma Malik3, Nimra Arif4, Muhammad Waqar Akram5 and Ayesha Irshad6
...not being followed in parallel to the knowledge acquisition. Therefore, regular reminder and periodic evaluation of practical aspects of AVF care is recommended for each ESRD patient visiting for hemodialysis. 
...
Ansar Ahmed Abbasi1,*, Kathrin Blasius2-4, Imtiaz Ahmed6, Hao Hu7, Sylvie Picker-Minh2-4,8, Muhammad Nasim Khan5, Khalid Hameed1, Aneela Gulnaz1, Zahid Latif5, Abdul Rauf5 and Angela M. Kaindl2-4,8
...ked with this disease. Biallelic mutations in the abnormal spindle-like, microcephaly associated gene ASPM causes MCPH type 5, the most common MCPH subtype. In the current study we recruited two families from Sialkot region of Pakistan which were assessed by whole exome sequencing and cosegregation analysis. We identified a previously described mutation c.4802C>G (p.S1601*) in the ASPM gene in both families. This study further underlines that ...
Iqra Arooj1,* and Shahida Hasnain2
...bjects were genotyped by allele-specific PCR. It was observed that the loci 6q25.1/rs6922269 and 9p21.3/rs1333049 were significantly associated with risk of CHD in this population (P=0.001 and 0.012, respectively).
...

Monsif Ur Rehman1*, Hidayat-ur-Rahman1, Muhammad Iqbal2, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1 and Zahir Shah3 

...s were crossed in half diallel design and the resulting 45 cross combinations were further explored for their use as source of elite inbred line development in a line × tester experiment conducted at Cereal Crops Research Institute, Pirsabak and Maize and Millet Research Institute, Yousaf wala during Kharif 2016. A total of 164 testcrosses from four testers were evaluated for yield and other traits (days to anthesis, kernels ear-1, 100-grains weight) in ...

Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan 

...ssed in 8×8 full diallel fashion during 2014-15 wheat growing season. In the succeeding crop season all the 56 F1 hybrids and their parents were evaluated during 2015-16 to study inheritance pattern of yield and yield related traits at Peshawar-Pakistan. Data were generated on spikelets spike-1, spike length (cm), days to heading and grain yield plant-1. Significant differences were present for all the studied parameters. In dial...

Ijaz Iqbal1, Maqsooda Parveen1 and Zafar Mahmood2* 

...presented to construct diallel cross design through resolvable balanced incomplete block design, which is established via cyclic shifts. Construction of diallel cross designs using the proposed approach is illustrated with an example. A list of efficient diallel cross design under resolvable balanced incomplete block design designs for 4≤v≤18 and 2≤ k ≤8 is advocate here.  ...
Jun Yan Bai1,*, Yong Gang Zhao2 and Yu Qin Wang1
... goat, G is the dominant allele in G447C. At T498C site, gene frequencies of T and C in black goat and Yaoshan goat were tested 0.675/0.325 and 0.847/0.153, respectively. At this site, T is the dominant allele in Yaoshan goat. In black goat, GHRL-6 has polymorphism and its mutation site is C105T. The gene frequencies of C and T at C105T in black goat were detected 0.698 and 0.302, respectively. T is the dominant

Zakiullah1, Muhammad Farid Khan1*, Muhammad Mohibullah3, Muhammad Iqbal2, Irfanullah3, Faheemullah3, Madiha Urooj1 and Uzma Arif1 

... ability through 6 x 6 diallel mating design. The research was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshehra (K.P.K) Pakistan during the year 2015. The results displayed highly significant (P≤0.01) variation among above six OPVS for days to germination, plant height, leaf area, number of grains ear-1, grains moisture % at harvest, grain yield and biological yield. Mean squar...
Liqin Liu, Maoting Wang, Zhenming Lü, Li Gong*, ChangWen Wu, Baoying Guo and Lihua Jiang
...chnology. A total of 100 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per loci ranged from 2 to 9. The observed and expected heterozygosities per loci ranged from 0.000 to 0.531 and from 0.031 to 0.751, respectively. Polymorphism information content (PIC) showed that six loci were highly informative (PIC > 0.5). Five loci (CL1142, CL1770, CL2683, CL3494, CL 3674) significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibr...
Hua-Lun Luo, Yi-Yu Zhang*, Yuan-Yu Qin and Lei Wu
...except for LDL-C between allele A and G, and significant dominance effects for TP. These findings suggested that ChREBP might be a crucial candidate genes for the selection of duck lipid content.
...
Hafiz Abdullah Akbar, Zafar Iqbal, Waqas Raza*, MuhammadUsman Ghazanfar and Salman Ahmad
...ifferent plant extracts /allelochemicals and salicylic acid on the growth of Penicillium digitatum causes citrus green mould by using 7 plant extracts alone and in combination with wax and 3 concentrations of salicylic acid alone and in combination with wax. The study revealed that in case of plant extracts maximum growth inhibition (35.90 %) was shown by Anar followed by Chabir (33.60%) and Garlic (29.16%), while minimum growth inhibition was recorded ...
S. Justin Carlus1,*, Atiyeh M Abdallah1,2, Abdulhadi H. Al-Mazroea1, Mazen Khalid Al-Harbi3 and Khalid M Al-Harbi1
...ally matched controls by allelic discrimination. Of 99 patients with CHD, 26 had DS. MTHFR rs1801133 and rs1801131genotypes and alleles were not significantly different between controls and CHD patients. Further, in CHD individuals, these genotypes failed to show any significant association with DS. However, maternal age increased the risk of CHD in DS (OR=5.32; 95% CIs 1.43-19.82; p=0.013). Mantel-Haenszel ana...
Madeeha Khalid and Amtul Jamil Sami*
... to analyze the SNPs and allele frequencies of respective SNPs. Genomic DNA from blood was extracted, and the selected region was amplified using PCR. Sequencing of the amplified product was performed using Sanger sequencing, and the resulting sequence was analyzed. We have recorded 11 SNPs in total that occur in the VDRE region, 5’ UTR and untranslated region of exon 1. A greater number of the SNPs were observed to coincide with the reported data from v...

Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Sheraz Ahmed2*, Sultan Akbar Jadoon2, Imtiaz Ali2 and Ajmalud Din2 

...ere hybridized in full diallel mating system at the Tobacco Research Sub-station, Mansehra, Pakistan during 2007. Thereon, seven parents and their forty-two F1 hybrids were sown during 2008 and 2009 at the Tobacco Research Station, Mardan (plain) and the Tobacco Research Sub-station, Mansehra (hilly). Locations in each year were considered as independent environments: Mardan 2008 as environment-1; Mansehra 2008 as environment-2; Mardan 2009 as environment-3 an...
Fukuan Du1,2, Yongkai Tang1, Juhua Yu1, Shengyan Su1, Fan Yu1, Jianlin Li1, Hongxia Li1, Meiyao Wang1 and Pao Xu1,2,*
...olymorphic and showed bi-allelic in 60 individuals of C. nasus. These SSR markers should not only be useful for population conservation, but also for construction of genetic linkage map and economic performance improvement of C. nasus.
...

Khan Sher1*, Muhammad Nisar2 and Muhammad Subhan1 

...olymorphic. At average 2 alleles per locus were identified. The size of all alleles ranged from 210bp to 630 bp. Major allelic frequency fluctuated from 54.0% to 96.0%. An overall, the total No. of alleles per locus extended from 22 (PVBR 20) to 49 PvM053. Similarly, the frequency values oscillated from 0.06 of PVBR 20 to 0.14 of PvM053. The PIC values w...
Jie Zhang1,2,*, Baradi Waryani3,4 and Qihai Zhou2,*
...ellite loci and 12 to 26 alleles per locus denoted. Whereas, d expected and observed heterozygosity values ranged from 0.902 to 0.972 and 0.750 to 0.958, respectively. Moreover, the polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.869 to 0.949. The cross-species amplification and applicability were also evaluated on Protosalanx chinensis, Neosalanx anderssoni, Neosalanx argentea and Neosalanx oligodontis, and 6-7 loci were...
Wen-Feng Li1, Rong-Yue Zhang1, Chun-Hua Pu2, Jiong Yin1, Zhi-Ming Luo1, Xiao-Yan Wang1, Xiao-Yan Cang1, Hong-Li Shan1 and Ying-Kun Huang1,*
.../i>(Fabricius) and Thiallela sp., which prey on Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner; and Euborellia pallipes Shiraki, Orius (Heterorius) minutus (Linnaeus) and Scymnus (Neopullus) hoffmanni Weise which preys on Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cocherell), Baliothrips serratus Kobusand Trochorhopalus humeralis Chevrolat. Protecting these natural enemies will encourage natural control of pest...

Wajid Khan* and Raziuddin 

...1 were crossed in full diallel fashion to generate 56 F1 crosses. These parental genotypes and their F1 hybrids were evaluated during 2015/16 in the field at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Mean squares revealed significant genetic variability among parents and their F1 crosses for days to maturity, primary branches plant-1, pods main raceme-1, 1000-seed weight and seed yield plant-1, signifying the occurrence of considerable variability in ...
Yacheng Hu1,2, Xueqing Liu1,2, Jing Yang1,2, Kan Xiao1,2, Binzhong Wang1,2 and Hejun Du1,2,*
... polymorphic with 3 to 6 alleles per locus and the total number of alleles is 80. The mean expected heterozygosity (HE, 0.506 to 0.781), observed heterozygosity (HO, 0.542 to 1), Hardy-Weinberg departure value (d, -0.042 to 0.427), polymorphic information content (PIC, 0.482 to 0.753) and the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Indices (H’, 0.827 to 1.565) of all the 17 pol...
Hande Kucukonder1, Pinar Celebi Demirarslan1*, Sezai Alkan2 and Özgür Baris Bırgul3
...spects of testing the parallelism of female and male growth samples, determining the best fitted growth model and designating the biological meaningful parameters (inflection point age, weight and growth rate) of growth functions. Analyses showed that the growth profiles of female and male chicks found not to be parallel using profile analysis, and the male chicks had a higher body weight than the females (P < 0.01) start...
Jiaxin Guo1, Xiumei Zhang1,2, Xiaoyan Wang2, Liqin Liu2 and Tianxiang Gao1,*
...> individuals. Number of alleles, observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 2 to 8, 0.083 to 0.922 and 0.042 to 0.866, respectively. The PIC ranged from 0.04 to 0.829. These markers will be useful in evaluation germplasm and genetic composition in the further research.
...
Monica Paula Marin1, Elena Narcisa Pogurschi1*, Iuliana Marin2 and Carmen Georgeta Nicolae1
...lactation periods, in parallel with ensuring the selenium requirements, because the natural zeolite can improve the reproductive capacity and productive performance of cows, the health status of the resulting calves.
...
Peng Ren1, Xian-Qing Liu1, Chao-Wu Yang2,3, Hua-Rui Du2,3, Xiao-Song Jiang2,3 and Yi-Ping Liu1*
...sequenced fragments. The allele frequency and genotype frequency of SNP4 (A4812316G) were found to be significantly different (P<0.05) between the case and control groups. However, no significant differences were found in the haplotypes of SNP1 and SNP2 (P>0.05). These results suggest that SNP4 (A4812316G) in the 3’-UTR of the MyD88 gene is linked to genetic resistance to Salmonella Pullorum infection and may provide an ...
Jun Yan Bai*, Hong Deng Fan, You Bing Yang, Xu Wang, Heng Cao, Xue Yan Fu and Yu Qin Wang
...C624T). For locus C155T, allele frequencies of C in large tailed han sheep, small tailed han sheep, yuxi fatty tailed sheep, dorper sheep and hu sheep were 0.73, 0.83, 0.54, 0.69 and 0.68 respectively, which indicated that C was the dominant allele in five sheep populations. For locus C624T, allele frequencies of C in large tailed han sheep, small tailed han sheep, yuxi fatty tailed sheep,...
Jun Yan Bai1*, Xiao Ping Jia2, Xiao Hong Wu1, Guang Lu Li1, Heng Cao1, Xue Yan Fu1 and Kun Peng Shi1
...he exon 2 of FMO3, the A allele frequencies of A66G in Beijing white quail, China yellow quail and Korean quail were 0.603, 0.500 and 0.574, while G allele frequencies were 0.397, 0.500 and 0.426, respectively. One SNPs mutation site (C219T) was detected from the exon 9, C allele frequencies of C219T in Beijing white quail, China yellow quail and Korean quail were 0.125, 0.250 and 0.000, a...
Jun Yan Bai*, Hong Deng Fan, Shuai Yang, Xue Yan Fu, Heng Cao, Xiao Hong Wu, You Zhi Pang and Kun Peng Shi
...CC, AB, AC and BC. The C allele frequency at Locus A in China yellow quail, Beijing white quail and Korean quail was the highest (0.461, 0.528 and 0.579). A total of 9 genotypes were detected in locus B in egg quail group, which were AA, BB, CC, DD, EE, AB, AC, AD and AE. The C allele frequency at Locus B in China yellow quail, Beijing white quail and Korean quail was the highest (0.612, 0.623 and 0.633). The egg shape index...

Pushpa1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Shahla Karim Baloch2, Mehmooda Buriro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan3, Qamar Uddin Jogi1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1 and Farheen Deeba Soomro1 

...nducted to determine the allelopathic effect of weed species on germination and seedling traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat varieties Amber and TJ83 were subjected to powder of Chenopodium album, Convolvulus arvensis and Avena fatua under three different treatments i.e. 25, 50 and 75g. The effect of these weed powders on seed germination (%), shoot length (cm), root length (cm), shoot fresh weight (g), root fresh weight (g), shoot dry weight (g), ro...
Arifa Savanur1,*, Tallat Naz1,2, Tayyaba Hamid1,3, Syed Abid Ali4, Mian Jahangir1,3 and Muhammad Abdul Azeem4
...he characteristics of parallel elastic component (PEC), series elastic component (SEC) and contractile element (CE). Reptiles in general and Uromastix in particular have been less investigated regarding the mechanical responses and the characteristics of elastic elements of their visceral muscle tissues. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of esophageal and intestine tissue strips of Uromastix ha...

Asif Ali Khan*, Laiq Hassan*, Salim Ullah* 

OPEN MP-BASED PARALLEL AND SCALABLE GENETIC SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT
...erative to
use parallelism and distributed computing techniques in order to speed up this process. In this paper, we discuss and
evaluate an OpenMP based implementation of SW algorithm. All the experiments have been performed on a Linux
based multi-core machine thereby reducing the overall complexity of the SW algorithm from quadratic to linear. The
results obtained with various input sequences demonstrate that the par

Feroza Arshad*, Aftab Ahmed Memon**, Muhammad Aslam Uqaili** and Arshad Habib Malik*

SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL ROBUST INTELLIGENT CASCADED REACTIVITY CONTROLLER FOR CANDU REACTOR
...ized in a distributed parallel computing environment using MATLAB. The proposed NICRC is formulated in a highly complex multi-objective neural form and evaluated against full power operation of CANDU nuclear power plant from cold start-up to high power. The performance of highly robust NICRC is tested and evaluated for a typical transient providing complete coverage of moderator level, low log and steam pressure modes of CANDU reactor and found ...

Amjad Ali1, Hong Luo1, Khalid Saifullah Syed2, Muhammad Ishaq2

A PARALLEL DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN CODE FOR COMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOWS ON UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS
...xt-align: justify;">A parallel discontinuous Galerkin code based on a Taylor series basis for the compressible Euler equations on unstructured meshes is presented. The parallel numerical method is capable to efficiently simulate the flow physics of the problems considered, including subsonic and transonic compressible inviscid fluid flows around two well known benchmark airfoils. The par<...
Guang-Hui Tan, Yi-Yu Zhang*, Yuan-Yu Qin, Lei Wu and Jie-Zhang Li
...onformation. The A and T allele of CDS 216 A>G and CDS 681 T>A was dominant allele, and its frequency was 0.554 and 0.800, respectively. Each SNP resulted in three genotypes. The genotypic distribution of CDS 216 A>G and CDS 681 T>A was not deviated and deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of CDS 216 A>G and CDS 681 T>A was 0.372 and 0.269,...

Adnan Arshad1*, Huma Qamar2, Ristina Siti-Sundari3, Zhang Yue1, Muhammad Zubair2, Muhammad Ali Raza4, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rehman5 and Lizhen Zhang1*

Phenotypic Plasticity of Spineless Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars in Response to Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid under Rainfed Climate Conditions
...orward as a potential parallel crop to ensure a sustainable source of production in rainfed regions worldwide.

...
Sehrish Firyal1,*, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Umair Latif1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1 and Imaad Rashid2

 

...c analysis. These are bi-allelic molecular markers, easy to interpret and uniformly distributed within genomes. In this study cytochrome b (Cytb) gene based SNPs analysis was employed to genetically characterize the Pakistani domestic breed Lathy pigeon. Cytb haplotype for local domestic breed was developed. Homology analysis of Cytb gene revealed Columbia livia as closest homologue of Pakistani Lathy pigeon with five novel SNPs. Ph...

Moazam Ali1, Wajid Ali2, Ayhan Ceyhan2 and Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta3*

Pigmentation Genome Influence in Animals and Human Interventions in its Course of Action
...animals, three different alleles encoding melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor MC1R of extension (E) locus and ED allele determining the blackish coat color, a recessive e allele represented red coat color and the E+ wild-type allele give a variety of colors. Variation in pigment production can be predicted with mutations on genetic asset and producti...

Khan Sher1*, Muhammad Subhan1, Muhammad Nisar2, Ali Hazrat2, Zahid Fazal1, Gul Rahim2, Imran Ahmad1, Riaz ul Haq1 and Shamia Bibi1

Genetic Diversity in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgarus L.) Collected from Different Ecological Zones of Malakand Division (A Part of the Sino Japanese Region of Pakistan)
...pe was determined by two alleles, seed color was defined by 13 numbers of alleles and four alleles were responsible for flower color. Similarly, the quantitative traits showed 73% diversity in the parameters studied. However, it was different in individual characters. In overall, 59% of the yield contributing traits showed significant level of correlation in the present germplasm. The dend...

Turgay Şişman1,*, Muhammet Çağrı Keskin1, Hatice Dane1, Şeymanur Adil1, Fatime Geyikoğlu1, Suat Çolak2 and Esra Canpolat1

...o noted for liver, in parallel with hepatocyte degeneration and heterogenic vascular construction originating from congestion, deformation and dilatation. In kidney, degeneration, congestion, dilatation, and necrosis in proximal and distal tubules were recorded; moreover, expansions of Bowman’s space, infiltrations of lymphocytes, and glomerulonephritis were observed. Also, the frequency of nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes showed significant differe...
Jianjun Fu1, Shili Liu2, 3, Wenbin Zhu1, Yongyi Jia2, 3, Lanmei Wang1, Yufen Yang4, Zhimin Gu2, 3*and Zaijie Dong1*
...reeding pilots. Based on allele frequency analysis using 36 candidate parents, the number of alleles ranged from 7 to 22, observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.39 to 0.75, and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.57 to 0.91. All loci were highly informative (polymorphic information content, PIC >0.5). We detected a significant correlation between exclusion probabilities for parent pairs (E-PP) and PIC
Inga Kowalewska-Łuczak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2,*
...cy of the most occurring alleles for the individual polymorphisms studied was the following g.18174 A>G NCF4 gene A-0.807; SAA2 c.-84 G>C

Muhammad Ali Shah, Faiz Ur Rehman, Abbas Mehmood, Fareed Ullah, Sayed Irfan Shah and Syed Majid Rasheed*

Combining Ability, Heritability and Gene Action Assessment in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for Yield and Yield Attributes
...rived from 5 × 5 diallel, was studied to estimate combining ability, heritability and gene action of morphological and yield associated traits, utilizing randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications, at Bacha Khan Agricultural Research Farm (BARF), Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during the growing season of 2017-18. The data were collected for pods related traits and total yield. The results of the study showed significant diffe...
Jun Yan Bai1*, Ren Tao Di Wu2, Qiang Zhang2, Di Bao2, Le Ma Dao2 and Xing Hua Tian3
...e results showed that 64 alleles were detected in 17 microsatellite markers. The average number of alleles was 3.7647, the average heterozygosity was 0.6205, and the average polymorphism information content was 0.5602. It showed that the population of Sonid bactrian camel had high genetic diversity. Among 17 microsatellite markers, 4 microsatellites were found to be associated with body size traits of Sonid bactrian camels. ...
Haseeb Nisar1, Usman Pasha1, Kiran Hanif1, Rizwan Abid1Rehan Ahmad Khan Sherwani2, Haja N. Kadarmideen3 and Saima Sadaf1*
... increased risk of RA in allelic (OR=0.8130, 95%CI=0.708-0.932, p=0.003), co-dominant and dominant models; same hold true for the Asian population. Stratification by ethnicity revealed that in Asian population also, the association with RA manifestation is significant. However, in a cohort of 200 RA and 176 healthy subjects (n=376) from Pakistan, significant association between IL-6 -572 G/C polymorphism and progressive RA could not be established despite the ...
Q. Sun1, Q. Liu1, R. Di1, Y. Wang1, S. Gan2, S. Liu2, X. Wang1, W. Hu1, X. Cao1, Zh. Pan1, X. Guo1, Y. Yang3, H.E. Rushdi4* and M. Chu1*
...ocus, the frequency of T allele of fat-tail breed was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that of the thin-tailed breed using F test, which suggest that this locus may be associated with fat deposition in fat-tail breed. Gene expression levels in both subcutaneous adipose and tail fat tissues were significantly (p<0.01) higher than the other tissues analyzed. Levels of THRSP expression in liver, subcutaneous adipose and tail fat tissues in Tan she...

Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Aqeel Sarwar4, Abid Ali3, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ghulam Sarwar1

Quantitative Studies in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using Multivariate Techniques
...otypes showed that no parallelism exists amongst genetic and geographical diversity. First seven components in principal component analysis (PCA) having eigenvalue more than 1, showed 91.131 % the cumulative variance, while PC-1 alone showed 32.47 % variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis and PCA provided an opportunity to identify subgroups of clusters at different stages, so that every single subgroup may be analyzed critically and it will be helpful for inc...
Abdul Hafeez1*, Akhtar Nawaz Khan2 and Zahid Ullah3
... due to its massively parallel architecture. The recent advances in GPUs such as Fermi- and Kepler-based setup seem to be promising for an increasing complexity in the algorithms and the demands of growing data in biomedical applications both in dimension as well as in throughput. Understanding these approaches can help the biomedical community to shift batch-mode processing from cluster-based machines to real-time processing on low-end machines or smar...
Shahid Hussain Abro1*, Mohammed N. Alghamdi2, Muhammad Sohail Hanif3, Hazim Moria2 andHamza Suharwardi1
 
 
...logy. The fingers are parallel to pearlite so it is strongly believed that within this area the bainite structure is to be formed. This bainite is assumed to be austenite before cooling.
...
Mashal Malik and Mudassar Nawaz Khan*
 
...with two different-sized alleles against each primer. Dendrogram was constructed using software SAS by Neighbor-Joining method which clustered the soybean lines into two groups. Maximum genetic dissimilarity (7) was found between line B24G14 and line B23G16. From the results of the study, it was clear that B20G16 had maximum morphological growth, while B29G11 revealed minimum growth among the tested lines, although these two lines were clustered into the same ...
Syahruddin Said1*, Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra1 and Dani Nur Arifin2
.../HhaI gene with T allele as the dominant allele (0.61). Observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity had similar values of 0.48. The polymorphic informative content (PIC) was 0.37 and was of moderate category (0.25<PIC<0.50). The Chi-square value (χ2) was 5.71, which ...
Guofang Wu1,2, Xingxing Xue1, Wenjuan Shen1, Lei Wang1,2*, Yuhong Ma1 and Jiping Zhou1
...>n locus had three alleles: 152 bp, 164 bp, and 166 bp. The three other loci, L2-(AC)n, L3-(TC)n, and L4-(TGA)n, all had two alleles. Alignment of our sequencing data with the Sus scrofa reference genome (Sscrofa11.1) revealed that the L1-(GT)n microsatellite, which features a GT repeat motif, was located in the retinoic acid induced 2 gene (RAI2) on chromosome ...

Dilara Devranoglu, Ilksen Tavaci, Gonul Filoglu and Ozlem Bulbul*

... prediction. We observed allele and locus drop-outs on both bloodstains stored for five years and UVC exposed samples. The brown and blue eye colors were correctly predicted for reference and degraded samples. The intermediate eye colors were predicted to be brown or inconclusive. The degradation by aging bloodstains or UVC exposure, is differently affected the prediction accuracy depending on the informativeness of the SNPs. This study showed that the predict...
Jiawei Hong1,2, Mingqiang Chen 1,2, Zhenghua Deng1,2, Youning Li1,2 and Yu Wang1,2*
...roteobacteria, and in parallel the proportion of Tenericutes slumped to 3.85%. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Mycoplasma, dropped down from 58.38% to 3.85%, and Vibrio increased (from 15.23% to 40.8%) to become the dominant genus. The hierarchical clustering heat map analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the microbial community of the high dosage group (10 mg/L) was clearly different from the other two groups....
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Nadia Mangrio1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Zia-ul-Hassan Shah2, Ghulam Sughra Mangrio3, Nihaluddin Mari4, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1 and Shazia Parveen Tunio5
 
 
...hods i.e. single set (parallel to furrow), double sett (parallel to furrow), single set (across furrow) whereas, sub-plot comprised of NPK levels i.e.166-084-165 kg ha-1 (25 % < recommended), 225-112-220 kg ha-1 (recommended), 281-140-275 kg ha-1 (25%>recommended). Results exhibited significant effects of planting methods and NPK application on most studied parameters. In case of planti...
J.Y. Bai1,*, R.T.D. Wu2,*, Q. Zhang2, D. Bao2, L.M. Dao2 and X.H. Tian3
... the number of effective alleles of the four Bactrian camel varieties ranged from 2.7302 to 3.0524, and average theoretical heterozygosity and average polymorphic information content were 0.6283 and 0.5546, respectively. Observational heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content of Qinghai Bactrian camel were all higher than those of the other three varieties, being 0.8922, 0.6490 and 0.5813, respectively, so Qinghai Bactrian cam...
Zeynep Sonmez1 and Memis Ozdemir2,*
...es by HRMA, genotype and allele gene frequencies of polymorphic regions were determined. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test generally shown that the distribution of genotype frequencies in polymorphic regions is in genetic equilibrium.
...

Muhammad Shahzad1*, Syed Amer Mahmood2, Athar Ashraf3, Amer Masood2 and Saira Batool4

...n region and segments parallel to the Sassi Raikot Fault (SRF), Sassi-Jaglot-Bunji (SJB) sector of Nanga Parbat Syntaxis as active tectonic zones. The areas which include, Shawar, Haramosh, Kachura, Astak Nala, Gilgit, Skardu, Astore, Sai Nala Jaglot, Gunar and Gorikot are highly vulnerable to active tectonic deformation. This research concludes that the TSR and DD techniques are potential markers for the demarcation of active vulnerable zones that may threate...

Mai A. Kilany1; Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1; Yousry E. Abo El-magd2 and Nermin Raafat2.

...� 0.05). Moreover, the C allele was more often associated with HCV-related HCC patients compared to HCV-infected patients and control group (50%, 10%, and 15% respectively, p ˂ 0.05). MnSOD activity was significantly higher in HCV-related HCC patients and HCV-infected patients compared to control group (185.6± 49.3, 142.6± 27.3 and 66.25± 17.03 respectively, p ˂ 0.05). In addition, MnSOD ac-tivity was significantly higher with CC and TC ...
Ruqayya Bint Khalid1, Asif Nadeem1,2*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir3 and Masroor Ellahi Babar4
...esent the presence of A2 allele in milk of Cholistani Cattle of Pakistan. Multiple sequence alignment represented the presence of MKVLILACLVALALARE and QRAVPVQALLLNQE as highly conserved regions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary relationship among Cholistani cattle of Pakistan, Bos indicus and Bos taurus. β-casein gene is highly polymorphic and A2 allele is present in Cholistani Cattle of Pakistan....

Haroon Ur Rashid1*, Nazia Tahir2, Muhammad Zamin3, Naveed Shehzad4, Aman Ullah2, Bibi Zainub5 and Farooq Azam6

...lage regimes and various allelopathic treatments were integrated for weed management in spring planted maize at Agricultural Research Station, Swabi (KP), Pakistan during spring both years 2014 and 2015. The experiment was laid out at silt loam soil in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a split plot arrangement having three (03) replications. Different tillage regimes namely minimum, conventional, and deep tillage regimes were assigned to main plots ...
Hui-Ming Li1, Bi-Ze Yang1, Xue-Jun Jin1,2, Lin-Miao Li1, Hai-Ying Jiang1
Xiu-Juan Zhang1 and Jin-Ping Chen1*
...morphic with a mean of 6 alleles per locus, ranged from 2 to 10 alleles. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.62. The observed (HO) and expected average heterozygosity (HE) value was 0.56 and 0.67 tested in 39 individual samples. For parentage testing, the allele frequency date-based indicated that the combined exclusion probability v...
Junyan Bai1*, Rentaodi Wu2*, Qihang Hu1, Lema Dao2 and Xinghua Tian3
...t, the average effective allele number, heterozygosity and polymorphism information content of 17 microsatellite markers in sunite bactrian camel were 2.8913, 0.6205 and 0.5602, respectively. The wool fineness of AB genotype of CMS36 locus was significantly higher than that of BB genotype (P<0.05). The wool fineness of AC genotype at YWLL44 locus was significantly higher than that of BD, BE and CE genotype (P<0.05). The wool fineness of AA ...
Jia Liu1, Zhen Wang1, Zifan Ning1, Ali Mujtaba Shah2,3,Qing Zhu1, Yan Wang1, Huadong Yin1, Zhichao Zhang1, Lu Zhang1, Yaofu Tian1, Diyan Li1,Gang Shu2,4, Lin Ye1 and Xiaoling Zhao1,*
...n of Pax7 mRNA paralleled changed in myofiber density, whereas the expression profiles of MyoG and MyoD were similar to the developmental changes in myofiber diameter. Overall, body weight and muscle expansion of SG chickens were less than FG chickens. MyoG was the possible gene controlling myofiber development as its expression abundances were associated with the muscle development profiles in the SG and FG chickens, respectively.<...
Nida Sadaqat1, Abdul Wajid2, Quratul Ain2, Muhammad Zia Akbar2Farkhanda Manzoor4, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Nasir Ali3,  Masroor Ellahi Babar3 and Tanveer Hussain3*
...ms were combined in four alleles and six genotypes. Investigating the polymorphisms at codon 136, 154 and 171, the only genotype ARQ/ARQ was detected in Punjab urial. The PRNP gene sequences in Punjab urial showed low variability and is resemble to previous findings for wild animals. Prevalence-estimate, transmissibility, distribution, and host-range of prion disease in wild-animals remain undetermined.
...
Iqra Mobeen1*, Rabia Arif1*,Maimoona Ilyas1, Siu Fai Lee2 and Muhammad Saleem1
...ccomplished by designing allele specific primers via amplification refractory mutation system–PCR (ARMS-PCR) yielding amplicons of different sizes. This study concluded that SNP markers are an efficient and informative marker system in S. fimicola. Most of the studied SNPs are non-synonymous substitutions, which might underpin functional differences in their protein products.
...
Khanitta Ruangwittayanusorn1, Doungnapa Promket1*, Kamonnate Pimrueng1, Jennarong Kammongkun2
...e frequencies of T and C alleles of DRD2 were 0.25 and 0.75, respectively. Regarding VIP, the frequencies of II, ID and DD genotypes were 0.59, 0.28, and 0.13, respectively. The frequencies of I and D alleles of VIP were 0.73 and 0.27, respectively. The association of DRD2 polymorphism were detected on egg number at 360 days (EN360) and egg per month (EM) (P<0.05). The chickens carrying the CC ...
Jarosław Pytlewski1, Ireneusz R. Antkowiak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2*
...alving. The frequency of alleles of the analysed loci was: T =0.2887 and G =0.7913 (IVS4-39G>T), A =0.1087 and G =0.8913 (IVS5+438G>A) and A = 0.2913 and G =0.7087 (c.1178G>A). For each of the studied polymorphic sites, homozygotes (-,-) were found least frequently. The results showed relationship between polymorphism in loci IVS5+438G> A a...

Mary A. Sargious1, Hanaa A. Ahmed1, Ragab M. El-Shawarby2, Hatem H. Bakery2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, E. Gus Cothran4 and Ayman Samir Farid5*

...e loci showed 13 private alleles with the Seglawi recorded six and the Abeyan recorded no private alleles. The highest Nei genetic distance and pairwise FST values were recorded between Abeyan and Hamdani while the lowest were recorded between Kehilan and Seglawi. The cluster pattern of the individual phylogenetic tree and STRUCTURE plots of the five basic horse strains indicate that there was no sharp demarcation between th...

I Nyoman Sulabda1*, I Nengah Wandia2, I Ketut Puja3 

...c information concerning allele and locus in BoLA gene, the BoLA microsatellite loci (DRB3 and BM1815) were used to evaluate allel diversity using 18 samples of Taro white cattle. Genetic variability was low, with observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity for locus BM1815 was 0.778 and 0.51, and for DRB3 was 0.556 and 0.478, respectively. Moreover, the polymorphic information content (PIC) for these two microsatel...

Shaokun Lu1,2, Ronghua Li1,2*, Chunlin Wang1,2, Changkao Mu1,2 and Weiwei Song1

...ovince, China. The minor allele frequency ranged between 0.292 and 0.500, with an average of 0.384. The expected and observed heterozygosities (He and Ho) ranged from 0.422 to 0.545 and from 0.000 to 1.000 respectively. Four loci were found deviate significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Blast results give significant hits for nine confirmed SNP-associated sequences, some of these genes are associated with important immunological functions. These EST-de...

Yin-Hua Wang1,2, Yi-Bing Zhu1, Li Jiang1, Bin Du3 and Xiu-Ming Xi1*

...le-blind, controlled, parallel-group trial. Eligible 254 adult patients in ICU requiring MV for more than 24 h and ventilated for less than 48 h at the enrollment are randomly assigned to either the ‘remifentanil group’ or the ‘fentanyl group’, in which opioids will be infused for a maximum of 14 days. The primary outcome is the duration of MV. Secondary outcomes include the duration of extubation, costs and length of stay (LOS) in ICU,...

Abdul Haleem1*, Ghulam Hassan1, Arshad Iqbal2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Sajid3, Farhad Ahmad4, Rafi Ullah Khan5 and Mohammad Ilyas2

...gregating derived from diallel cross provides an opportunity to identify potential transgressive segregant in early generation. To assess genetic variability, broad sense heritability and traits varied from, 36 lines of wheat were field tested in RCBD with three replications. The experimental materials include twenty eight F2 population and eight parents. Data showed considerable genetic variation amongst the studied lines, parents, F2 progeniessand parent ver...

Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Abdul Ghaffar3, Imtiaz Ali4, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2 and Zeshan Ali5

...hly valuable resource of alleles that can be deployed for genetic improvement of a species. Screening of available genetic stock for detection of most diverse and high yielding genotypes is a pre requisite for a successful crop breeding program. For this purpose, a research experiment comprising of sixty-eight elite chickpea germplasm genotypes along with two commercial varieties were sown under tri-replicate randomized complete block design during the winter ...

Lifang Zhang, Xiuyue Zhang and Bisong Yue*

...howed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from 16 to 32, with an average value 24.5. The observed heterozygosity value (HObs) varied from 0.481 to 0.906 and the mean HObs was 0.698; the expected heterozygosity value (HExp) varied from 0.625 to 0.928 and the mean HExp was 0.840. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied between 0.602 and 0.923. The analysis of Genepop and Popgene showed that a relatively high level of genetic diversity was reveal...

Shakila Mumtaz1, Khalid Javed1, Muhammad Dawood1*, Muhammad Imran2, Asad Ali1 and Nazia Ramzan1

...ed that A2 (the dominant allele) is present with a pretty much higher frequency (0.9625, 0.7, 0.82) in all the three studied breeds and the mutated allele A1 is present with very low allelic frequency (0.037, 0.3, 0.18).

...

Shahid Sherzada1,2*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1 and Masroor Ellahi Babar2

...sion with excess of rare alleles. The overall results showed a lack of neutral evolution and low genetic differentiation among populations of C. mrigala.

...
Tiara Widyaputri*, Aldryan Cristianto Pratama, Dian Vidiastuti, Yudit Oktanella
...presence of BLAD carrier alleles and determine whether the polymorphism that appears in the CD18 gene by the PCR-RFLP method is related to the BLAD carrier allele in Friesian Holstein crossbreed dairy cows. A total of 60 samples of cow’s whole blood were collected and extracted and DNA isolated. DNA amplification was carried out using primer Forward (BLAD_F) 5’-TCAACGTGACCTTCCGGAGG-3’ and Reverse (BLAD_R) 5...

Ly Thi Thu Lan1, Nguyen Thi Anh Thu1, Lam Thai Hung2, Nguyen Thi Hong Nhan3, Le Thanh Phuong4, Nguyen Trong Ngu3* 

... in Noi native chickens, allele 1 was more advantageous.

Keywords | ApoB2, Carcass, Chicken, Growth, Linkage

...

Amira M. Nowier1, Hassan R. Darwish2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, Nadia A. Abo El-Maaty2 and Othman E. Othman2*

... and effective number of alleles (1.345). The T>C SNP showed non-significant association with body weight traits. Body weights at birth, 3 months and 12 months in Damascus goat were significant and higher than those in Zaraibi. Kids born single were heavier than twins and triplets at birth age. The highest milk yield was recorded for Zaraibi does with three kids and at the first month of lactation stage. Moreover, the T>C SNP in the Zaraibi α-lacta...

Hua Liu, Wei Hou, Li Peng, Changjun Peng, Yansen Cai and Jing Li*

... were polymorphic and bi-allelic. The observed and expected heterozygosity across 38 individuals varied from 0.184-0.605 and 0.405-0.506, respectively. The minor allele frequency were ranged from 0.277 to 0.487 with an average of 0.417 per locus. We detected the lowest genetic diversity in the HS population compared with the EM and FJ population. Population analysis based on Structure and neighbour-joining tree revealed a un...

Ahmed M. Darwish1*, Hassan R. Darwish1, Dalia M. Mabrouk1, Mohamed A. Abdelhafez1, Ahmed M. Abdel-Salam2, Ibrahim E. Mohamed3, Ibrahim M. Farag1 

...ilk is affected by the T allele of the Leptin gene. Therefore, the T allele may help improve milk fat content through breeding programs.

Keywords | β-lactoglobulin, Leptin gene, Milk traits, Goat 

...

Noora Hassan Hezam Al-Aqmer1*, Zain Aamir2, Muhammad Farooq Hanif3, Soumble Zulfiqar4, Sibgha Zulfiqar1, Mateen Izhar5 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4*

...) in non-responders. The allelic distribution was 83 (62.9%) and 49 (37.1%) for the “A” and “a” alleles in responders and 70 (53%) and 62 (47%) in non-responders. ApaI genotype ‘’aa’’ was found to be a significant predictor of treatment failure (p-value= .024, OR= 3.589, 95% CI= 1.181-10.911). There was no significant association between ApaI VDR genotypes and cirrhosis and Apa...
Mudassar Jehan1, Masroor Ahmed Bajwa2, Mohammad Masood Tariq2, Asim Faraz3*, Abdul Samaad2, Jameel Ahmad1 and Yousaf Hassan Barozai2
...on, a total number of 97 alleles were recognized having 1 to 5 polymorphic forms (OARFCB193, OARJMP29, MAF33) to 4 (OARHH47, DYMS1, SRCRSP5). For total loci, number of alleles averaged 2.1162±0.3769. Shannon’s Information index (I) 0.6184±0.2447 and the effective number of alleles (Ne) averaged 1.6251±0.4604. Average observed, expected and average heterozygositie...
Tri Eko Susilorini1*, Ahmad Furqon2, Wike Andre Septian1, Desinta Wulandari3, Suyadi Suyadi3
...(CC, CT, and TT) and two alleles (C and T) were found. The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 0.450, 0.500, and 0.050 respectively, while the frequencies of C and T allele were 0.702 and 0.298, respectively. The different genotypes didn’t significantly affect milk production and compositions. Descriptively, Senduro goat with TT genotype had the highest milk production and compositions. In conclusion, the poly...
Genevieve R. Tabon1,2, Noraine P. Medina2, Mary Rose D. Uy-De Guia3, Claro N. Mingala2,3*
... study was to assess the allelic variation in 30 Philippine native pigs (PNP). Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was done to evaluate the genotypes of ESR1 gene. Target gene was amplified and then subjected to RFLP using PvuII restriction enzyme. Results showed that all of the samples were found to be of AA genotype which is not the favorable genotype according to previous studies. The litter sizes of the PNP were al...

Xinjun Zhang1,2, Pengyong Wang1,2, Huimin Ju1,2, Yanhong Wang1,2, Yang Yang1,2* and Guoqiang Zhu1,2*

..., fimH, papA, papC, papG allele I, papG allele I’, papG allele II, papG allele III, focA, focG, sfaS), virulence-associated genes (sat, cdtI, cnf1, hlyD), iron uptake system encoding genes (iroN, iut, ireA) were investigated, and the ability of biofilm formation was examined. In addition, UPEC in invading T24 cells, cytotoxicity, immune response an...

Muhammad Akram1*, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq2, Amber Malik3, Farmanullah Khan4, Munir Ahmad Bhinder5 and Muhammad Sajjad6

...he analysis of the three allelic variants GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 was carried out through PCR-based amplification. Amplification of GSTM1 and GSTT1 was performed using the specific primers designed by Primer-3 software. GSTT1 and GSTMI genotypes were determined by comparing the sizes of amplified PCR product of genotypes with β Globulin gene, used as internal standard and 100-bp DNA ladder. GSTP1 genotype was determined using the PCR-restriction fragment ...

Saleha Tabassum1, Muneeza Zafar1,2, Munazza Raza Mirza1*, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary1,3, Ikram ul Haq4, Imran Riaz Malik2, Ambreen Ansari1 and Mehtab Alam5

...to 4.30), p = 0.04) of A allele of rs2276886 with EPTB group as compared to the control. In genetic model analysis, we found strong association (OR, 0.4 (0.181 to 0.94), p = 0.03) of GG genotype with male with EPTB as compared to female in gender stratified dominant model. Furthermore, in context of different ethnic groups of Pakistani subpopulation, we found Punjabi speaking’s to be significantly at higher risk (OR, 2.16 (95%CI, 1.0910 to 4.2901), p = 0...

Iqtidar Hussain1*, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1, Ehtesham Ul Haq1, Faheem Abbas1 and Muhammad Saqib Raza Shah1

...xic impact of functional allelopathy from perennial plants (trees) surrounding our crops in the field is our focus in agroforestry. To quantify its severity, the phytotoxic impact of popular (Populus deltoides L.) leaves aqueous extract was determined in cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench. Response of aqueo...

Muhammad Ismail1, Jabbar Khan1*, Zahid Rauf2, Khalid Khan3 and Muhammad Rafi1

...e heterozygous for minor allele while 1 patient was carrying major allele. For rs2234693, all the patients were carrying major allele. All the normal individuals were lacking the above stated 2 SNPs. There is thus strong correlation between SNPs of ESR1 gene and breast cancer and hence, can be used as a significant marker in the determination of breast cancer.

...

Jie Yang1, Wenjun Zhou2, Qi Zhang2, Lei Chu2, Zhenshi Chen1, Xiajun Zhang2, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang1* and Lihui Wang1*

...M-R), including 23s rRNA allele mutation, mtrR promoter and coding region mutation, rplD and rplV mutation. Finally, the clinical isolates resistant to AZM were typed by N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST). 388 clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae were identified, of which 373, 329, 298, 5, 11 and 5 strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, AZM, spectinomycin and ceftriaxone, respectively. The mutation detection of AZM...
Emel Hulya Yukseloglu1, Fatma Cavus Yonar1*, Omer Karatas1, Gulten Rayimoglu1, Faruk Asicioglu1, Elif Canpolat1, Onur Ozturk2 and Itir Erkan3
...spectively. In addition, allelic frequencies from our study were compared to previously published population data of Iraq, Saud Arabia, China (Han), USA (Cauc), Iran, Afghan, Azerbaijan, Romania, and South Africa. The study revealed that there was a significant difference between Turkish and South Africa (0.1198) population and no difference was observed for Azerbaijan (0.0097) population.
...

Maha Mostafa1, Sohail Soliman1, Reham I. Mohamed2 and Wael M. El-Sayed1*

...t and motility with a parallel reduction in the acid phosphatase activity. It also directly reduced the concentration of free testosterone and estradiol in both sexes without any apparent effect on LH or FSH hormones. It increased the total cholesterol in males only and elevated the triacylglycerols and glucose levels in both sexes. The administration of testosterone to males, females, or both reduced the fertility index to zero. The mating success was also re...

Ghazala Nasreen1, Ali Hussain2, Komal Tayyab1, Muhammad Rashid3 and Sumaira Aslam1*

...ter exchange) was run parallel. At the end of the experimental trial, the cultured fish were processed for the determination of hepatosomatic indices, levels of total soluble proteins and hepatic enzymes being marker of hepatic injury for all the treatment and control groups. The highest levels of acid phosphatase (ACP, 11.75 ± 0.23 IU L−1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP, 81.50 ± 1.49 IU L−1), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, 30.25 &plusm...
Xiao Zhang1, Guoqing Shen1, Yang Wang1, Pengdan Huang1,2, Yan Shui2, Zenghong Xu2 and Huaishun Shen1, 2*
... identified. The average allelic number in the 22 polymorphic loci was 3.6. The 22 microsatellite loci all had good polymorphisms. Among them, the polymorphism information content of the 12 loci is greater than 0.5, which is highly polymorphic.

...

Shafia Riaz1, Khalid Abbas1*, Tanveer Ahmed1,2*, Huma Naz3, Hina Amjad1 and Shahbaz Ahmad1

...ant differences based on allelic frequencies, heterozygosity, inbreeding and genetic distance among hatchery genotypes. Impact of G×E interaction is illustrated by results where genetically diverse FQB genotype performed maximum under similar cultural environment among all genotypes.

...

D. A. Darban1†, S. R. Gowen1, B. Pembroke1 and F. Hussain2

...mpared by accepting a parallel line,
logarithmic model. The number of egg-masses per plant over all the crop cycles decreased significantly (P < 0.05)
more in the ten females treatment as compared with control. A highly significant difference was found in total
number of females per plant where ten Pasteuria penetrans infected females were originally added as compared to
the control treatment. A separate line ...

I. Kepenekci

...number is going up in parallel to new
investigations. Five species of Steinernema and three Heterorhabditis species were identified in Turkey. There are
only a few literature supports about detrimental effects of Turkey origin EPNs on maleficent groups having
economical importance.
...

Safriyanto Dako1, Nibras Karnain Laya1, Syukri I Gubali1, Ari Ardiantoro2, V.M Ani Nurgiartiningsih3, Gatot Ciptadi3, Desinta Wulandari3, Suyadi Suyadi3*

...8 primers. A total of 74 alleles were identified across entire populations. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.407±0.216 (Bali) to 0.716±0.050 (Gorontalo), and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.471±0.084 (Bonebolango) to 0.778±0.222 (PO). F statistical analysis includes FIS 0.038, FIT 0.248, and FST 0.231. The three microsatellite markers were moderate (0.25-0.5) to highly informative (PIC>0.5). The research showed...
Jameel Ahmed1,2*, Mohammad Masood Tariq1, Nadeem Rashid1, Asim Faraz3*, 
Majed Rafeeq1, Irfan Shehzad Sheikh1, Mudassar Jahan1,2, Abdul Fatih1,2
Masroor Ahmad Bajwa1, Ifrah Jameel1, Muhammad Ali1 and Saira Iftikhar4
... for describing multiple-allelomorphism. The average observed number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne) and Shannon’s Information Index were 2.07 ± 0.79, 1.86 ± 0.69 and 0.54 ± 0.29, respectively. Heterozygosity was described by the average, observed and expected heterozygosities whose values were found to be 0.56 ± 0.27, 0.44 ± 0.27 ...

Doungnapa Promket1,2,4*, Khanitta Pengmeesri2,4, Jennarong Kammongkun3, Thassawan Somchan2

...orted. For the NPY gene, allele frequency of b (0.72) was greater than allele frequency of B (0.28), while for the DRD2 gene, allele frequency of T (0.26) was lower than allele frequency of C (0.74). I and D allele frequencies for VIP were 0.72 and 0.28, respectively. Statistical analysis results discovered significant...

Muhammad Afzal Naeem1*, Muhammad Hassaan Khan2, Tahmina Nazish3, Uzma Bashir4 and Midrarullah5

...taken to investigate the allelopathic effect of the post-harvest remnants of cotton crop on the germination and growth parameters of successor wheat crop. Experiment was laid down in complete randomized design. The seeds (n=10) of Triticum aestivum L. were placed in each replicate and treated with aqueous extracts from various parts of G. hirsutum (root, stem and leaves) at concentration (0-100% v/v). Among the various test extracts of G. hirsutum, leaf extrac...

Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1,2*, Neelam Yaqoob3*, Abdullah2, Amina Iftikhar4, Muhammad Irfan5, Hafiza Zara Saeed6, Syed Saqlain Hussain7 and Sidra Shakil8

...as designed to check the allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of wild radish on pea seedling emergence and growth at Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, the University of Sargodha in 2021. The experiment was run in four replicates to avoid variance. Different concentrations of aqueous extract of wild radish (0.0 %, 3.0 %, 6%, 9.0% and 12.0 %) were applied on ten seed of pea. It was observed that maximum emergence percentage (94.25 %), shoot leng...

Wuritunashun*, Burenbatu, Narenqiqige, Jiuguniang, Eerdunduleng, Shuanglian Wang, Cuiqin Gong, Hashengaowa, Huizhi Jin, Baiwurihan and Chunhaizi

...ne-related responses. Parallel reaction monitoring validation also substantiated the results of the LFQ proteomics approach by analyzing the expression of LBP and SERPINA10. This work identifies the proteins and protein-related molecular pathways that are responsible for the efficacy of Zhenbao pill in the management of HSP.

...

Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Kim Ngan Vo1, Chi Hieu Do1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Nguyen Khang Duong3, Quang Minh Luu4

...as identified as C and T alleles, with allele frequencies 0.811 (C) and 0.189 (T). Three genotypes were observed with frequencies 0.647, 0.329 and 0.024 for CC, CT and TT, respectively. The PIC (polymorphic information content) and He (expected heterozygosity) were 0.260 and 0.306. The group of ducks with CC/PstI genotype laid the first egg significant earlier (P<0.05) than CT/PstI or TT/PstI genotype ducks (145.3 vs 152....

Ruobing Han, Shanshan Gui, Xunwu Zhao and Heping Li*

...howed that a total of 67 alleles were detected, and the average number of alleles at each locus was 6.7. There was high genetic diversity but severe inbreeding in the white-red deer population, and there is no father-mother-offspring relationship or father-offspring relationship in white-red deer population. Our study provides the essential data support and reference for the conservation and sustainable development of the do...

Muhammad Aijaz1, Nasir Mahmood2, Ghulam Mujtaba3 and Imran Riaz Malik1*

...and healthy subjects. An allele-specific polymerase chain reaction determined polymorphism at a position (-1082 G/A). PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis to detect polymorphism. Further analysis was done by sequencing the PCR products from some randomly selected samples. Urban locality, drinking of non-filtered water, poor hygiene, and poor socioeconomic status are the risk factors for the onset of breast cancer in the Pakistani populatio...

Ayoub Hadjeb1,2*, Ismahane Lebbouz3 and Yasmine Adjami4

...fy;">The nutritional and allelochemical quality of the host plant plays an important role in the population dynamics of insects. The dates moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae is considered one of the most dangerous pests threatening date production in Algeria. Our results show that the highest relative rate of intake (RRI) and relative growth rate (RGR) were observed in larvae fed by Deglet Nour variety just as The efficiency of biomass conversion of digested food (EC...

Qi Liu1,2, Weiyuan Li2,3, Qi Zhang2,3, Ziwei Wang2,3, Rui Gao1,2, Wenlei Liu1,2, Lei Zhang1,2, Ying Liu1,2, Tao Tian2,3 and Hongwei Yan2,3*

... for number of different alleles, number of effective alleles, allelic richness and unbiased expected heterozygosity in the 2019 stock (P < 0.05). The highest pairwise relatedness and the lowest observed heterozygosity were also observed in 2019 stock. Moreover, a small but significant genetic differentiation was detected between the 2019 stock and the stocks of the previous two years. ...

Yingying Ye1, Chengrui Yan1, Kaida Xu2, Jiji Li1, Jing Miao1, Zhenming Lü1 and Baoying Guo1*

...h highest mean number of alleles and mean effective alleles estimated in population Ningde and lowest in Qingdao. Heterozygosity at species level was high and Fst ranged between 0.105 and 0.271, overall, without signs of inbreeding except for Qingdao population, with Fst = 0.271. The studied populations did not show a clear genetic structure with an average differentiation estimated between populations of 0.014. Knowledge ob...

Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4, Hafandi Ahmad1, Norhariani Mohd Nor1, Goh Yong Meng1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Norafizah Abdul Rahman5,6, Agung Irawan7,9, Anuraga Jayanegara8,9, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3,9*

 

...oa count increased in parallel with the concentrate levels in Diets B and C (P < 0.05) in both breeds. The result also revealed that Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes showed comparable rumen fermentation patterns when treated with the same dietary treatments, but Swamp buffalo were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Ruminococcus albus and total fatty acid. This study showed that supplementing concentrates solely or a mixture with bypass fat into a grass-b...

Meryem Betmezoğlu1*, Dilek Arsoy2 and Mahmut Çerkez Ergören3

...diversity Therefore, the allele frequencies of Caprine Prnp gene variants should be well understood for goat breeding programs in Northern Cyprus. This current study was designed to determine the putative allele frequencies and genotype distributions of Caprine­ Prnp gene variations in Northern Cyprus Damascus, Cyprus Native Hair and hybrid goats. Four different locations in the Northern Cyprus were selected for targeted...

Dhurgham K. Seger1, Rahman H. H. Al Qasimi2, Azhar A. Jaffar3, Salah H. Faraj4, Ahmed I. Ateya5* 

...frequency of the A and G alleles were 0.58 and 0.42, respectively. There were significant impacts of SSTR1 gene polymorphisms and the weights of carcass characteristics including heart and liver weight alongside recovery rate. Meanwhile, there was no significant effects between polymorphisms of SSTR1 and the remaining carcass traits including live weight, carcass weight, clearance percentage, and spleen and kidneys weights. This study highlights the possible e...

Muhammad Haseeb Malik2, Muhammad Moaeen-ud-Din1*, Ghazal Kaukab Raja2 and Feroza Hamid Wattoo2

...roughput genotyping. The allele frequencies in both breeds were determined for discrimination ability using AFLP. The probability of identifying Sahiwal breed was 0.86 and probability of misjudgment was 0.021 using single selected marker. However, probabilities for judgment and misjudgment with two markers and combined with three markers were 0.745, 0.367 and 0.964, 0.376 respectively. The results demonstrated that Sahiwal breed and crossbred could be tested u...
Skorykh Larisa Nikolayevna1*, Fominova Irina Olegovna1, Kovalenko Dmitriy Vadimovich1, Skokova Antonina Vladimirovna1, Dmitrik Irina Ivanovna1, Kizilova Natalia Igorevna2 and Violeta Caro Petrovic3

Hermawan Setyo Widodo1,2*, Tridjoko Wisnu Murti1, Ali Agus1, Ambar Pertiwiningrum1

... to identify A, F, and N alleles with AS-PCR for the E allele on 44 PE, 121 SA, and 15 SP does then sequencing. SDS-PAGE fractionated then quantified the milk proteins from 34 PE, 57 SA, and 15 SP does. The study found the A allele was predominate followed by F and N on PE and SA. However, the SP goat only has A and F alleles in equal frequency, and the ...

Tanvir Hussain1,2*, Kafeel Ahmad2, Muhammad Bilal Zia1, Hammad Uddin1, Khalid Hussain1, Muhammad Inamulla Khan3 and Said Akhtar Khan1

...61%), observed number of alleles (na=1.82), effective number of alleles (Ne=1.34), Shannon index (S=0.33) and Nei,s genetic diversity ( He=0.21) were scored for ANP (Ayubia National Park) population whereas the lowest (PPB=60.87%; na= 1.60; Ne=1.214; S=0.2290; He=0.1413) were found in BOR (Bomborate) population. This revealed that the greatest genetic diversity existed in moist temperate forests compared to dry temperate for...

Imtiaz Khan1*, Abdullah1, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan1, Saima Hashim1, Shomayela Afzal2 and Khalid Nawab3 

...ilable weed biomass) and allelopathic weed extracts (Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav., Convolvulus arvensis L. and Lathyrus sp.) compared with control treatment. The study parameters include; weed density (m-2) before and after application, fresh and dry weight (m-2) of A. tenuifolius Cav., plant height (cm), number of nodes and branches plant-1, leaf area index (LAI), number of pods plant-1, number of grains pod-1, 500 seed weight (g), biological yield (kgha-1), g...

Afsheen Khattak1, Shahida Naveed1*, Naila Khalid1, Inayat Ullah Khan2 and Tamana Bakht

...ncelioides has prominent allelopathic potential against the tested species.

...

Kristina Morkūnienė*, Rūta Insodaitė, Laimutis Kučinskas, Renata Bižienė 

...r) of Mblk-1 gene mutant allele A was more common in untreated domestic and wild honey bees (18.90% and 8.14% respectively; p=0.001) compared to treated domestic bees which persistently infected with the disease. Regression analysis showed that recessive AA genotype of this polymorphism significantly reduced the odds for varroosis (odds ratio=0.166, 95% confidence interval = 0,049-0,562, p=0.004). SNP at position 7454459 (Asn → Thr) of the Mblk-1 gene has...

Shehar Bano Bhatti1, Muhammad Irfan Malik2, Rabia Faryad Khan1, Mahmood Ul Hassan2, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam3 and Zaigham Abbas1*

... association of HLA DRB1 alleles with atopic asthma in the Pakistani population. Blood samples of 568 subjects were collected from Punjab, Pakistan. HLA typing was performed by using sequence-specific primers (SSP). Total immunoglobulin E (IgE) was estimated by ELISA. Graph pad Prism 8 was used for statistical analysis. HLA DRB1* 0701-02 and HLA DRB1* 1301-04 showed a positive association with atopic asthma having an odd’s ratio (OR) of 2.173 and 3.564 r...
Moustafa A. Zaghloul1*, Mohamed F. Azooz1, Saleh E. Ali1*, Heba M. Soliman1, Maha M. Sayed1, Mohamed H. Kafafy2 and Alaa R. Morsy1
... greatest number of MHC Ialleles and passed the antigenicity, allergenicity and toxicity tests. This study shows how important disease surveillance is and how important it is to figure out where the disease came from, how far it spread, how it gets around and how to control it. Overall, the study showed that the novel chimeric LSD-based vaccination can elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses making it a reliable model for future in vivo and in v...

A. E. Aboul-Ata, Mohga, M. El-Tahlawey, M. A. Amer and A.M. Mandour

...ty by aphid is higher parallel to number of insects allowed to acquire the virus. FBNYV is transmitted by Nymphal Stage more than adult Stage (78.7% and 34.3% respectively). FBNYV is being able to be acquired by A. craccivora insects after 4-day post-inoculation period. The virus is not being able to be transmitted throughout newly hatched nymphs without acquiring virus. 

...

Syed Majid Rasheed1*, Tauseef Ali1, Saad Jan1, Faiz ur Rehman2, Muhammad Ali Shah3, Zahid Hussain1 and Abdul Waheed4

...ht okra genotypes (5x5 diallel crosses) and checks were screened for high yield and early maturity in a randomized complete block design. Highly significant differences were observed for most traits, except stem diameter and marketable fruit diameter. Among genotypes, G10 flowered earliest (41.5 days), G22 had longest internodes (3.59cm), G16 had heaviest fruits (9.65g), and G14 had longest and thickest marketable fruits (13.8 cm, 1.74cm). Combing ability anal...

Tinda Afriani1*, Jaswandi1, Yurnalis1, Putri Oktavially1, I Made Merdana2 

...pb. This study found two alleles and three genotypes with a general heterozygosity value where H0>He. The growth hormone gene from the Pesisir and FH cattle crosses were polymorphic, with imbalanced genotype frequencies, and the body size of males was longer than that of females.
 

...

Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Thi Tuong Vi Trang1, Thi Thuy Tien Nguyen2, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Duc Thoa Nguyen2

...indel locus, showing two alleles I and D with frequencies 0.57 and 0.43, respectively and three genotypes (II, ID, and DD) with frequencies 18.3, 49.4, and 32.3%, respectively. Hens with the DD genotype had a significantly (P<0.05) higher ANE than hens with the ID or II genotypes. The regression equation, Y = 1.5437X + 58.386 (R2=0.0185) showed a positive correlation with the correlation coefficient (R) at 0.136. Polymorphism at the 24 bp PRL/indel with DD ...

Iqtidar Hussain1*, Muhammad Inam Ullah Qaisrani1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Zuhair Hasnian2, Umar Khitab Saddozai1, Muhammad Naeem4, Hadia Gul5 and Moneeza Abbass3

...infested with parthenium allelopathy. This trial was conducted Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications. Parthenium dry powder (5, 10, 15, and 20 %) mixed with soil produced variable responses regarding seed germination and seedling growth. Emergence index, mean germination time and vigour index were significantly affected by various parthenium dry powder percentages. The smaller amount of parthenium powder (5, 10 and 15%) promoted the maize germinatio...

Rahamdad Khan1, Abdul Basit, Syed Majid Rasheed* and Syed Salim Shah

...vity towards
allelopathic potential of different extract, giving minimum (87.5 %) germination. On the
other hand, the maize variety Babar showed strong resistance against all applied extracts
(treatments) and showed 100% seed germination. In the light of the current results it is
recommended that the farmer should discourage the growth of P. hysterophorus weed in
their filed as it has strong
Mona Adel El-Wakeel1*, Salah El-Din Abd El-Ghany Ahmed, Sanaa Abd El Rahman Mohamed
and Nadia Khalil Messiha
...onducted to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Psidium guajava leaf powder (PLP) and
Acetic acid 5% as a natural products on the growth and yield of Capsicum annuum plants
and both associated weeds: Phalaris minor (grassy weed) and Malva parviflora (broad-leaf
weed). PLP was mixed with in the soil surface at successive rates (15, 30, 45 and 60 g pot-
1). In the corresponding treatments PLP at the same sequenced ...

Mona Adel El-Wakeel1 and Ibrahim Mohamed El-Metwally1

... revealed the inhibitory allelopathic effects of orange peels powder
on both weeds with direct relationship between the orange peels rate and it's inhibitory
effects. However, the pre-sowing treatments were more effective than the others which
applied at the time of sowing. Orange peels at 40g/pot at one week pre-sowing gave the
highest inhibitory effect on both weeds. This superior treatment subsequently recorde...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Sadia Afzal2, Ahsan Aziz1,
Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Amjed Ali1, Muhammad
Adnan1, Durrishahwar5
...s situation is termed as allelopathy.
Laboratory experiment was performed to determine the suppressive or simulative influence
of aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and fruit of Carthamus tinctorius L. at different
concentrations(0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, and 8%)on Echinochloa cruss-galli L. Results revealed
that 8%concentration of aqueous extracts of all tested parts of C. tinctorius was most
phytotoxic ...

Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1, Sadia Afzal2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Khuram Dar3, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Ishtiaq Hassan4, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Adnan1, Amir Aziz5

...) crop release different allelochemicals at maturity which have potential to act as natural weed killer in different crops. Phytotoxic effect of poppy (P. somniferum) was examined on emergence and initial seedling growth of red rice (Oryza punctate L.). Aqueous extract of different plant parts (leaves, stem and flower) was used at various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) along with distilled water as control. The aqueous extracts of leaves, stem...

Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Yasin1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz5, Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1, Muhammad Shozib Javed5

...L. and quantification of allelochemicals present in leaves, stem and fruit of S. oleraceus weed. The experiment comprised of aqueous extracts of leaf, roots and fruits applied at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v) along with a control (0%). Data regarding seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were recorded. All the tested concentrations of all the parts of S. oleraceus significantly inhibited the ...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1 , Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Ahsan Aziz1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Kashif Sohail4, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1, Amir Aziz4
... water as a control. The allelochemicals present in
the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depending
upon the concentration and the plant part used for extraction. Results depicted maximum
mean emergence time (5.26 days) and minimum germination index (1.67), germination
percentage (40%), seedling fresh weight (59 g) and dry weight (8 g) of red rice with
application ...
Barkatullah1, Sumayya Noreen1.Khushnood Ur Rehman1, Zahid Ali Butt2, Tabassum
Yaseen3, Kamran Akbar3, and Salma Noreen3
...system. To determine the allelopathic effect of Indian plum (Ziziphus mauritiana)
contrary to three selected crops i.e. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.),
and chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). The collection of Indian plum was made from Ahmad
Abad District Karak and was dried at room temperature under the shade. The aqueous
extract was used from different parts of the plants, which include bark, fru...
Muhammad Saleem Chang*[1], Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro2, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi4, Jay Kumar Sootaher*3, Piar Ali Shar3, Kashif Ali Buriro2, Nadia Mangrio5, Zafarullah Channa3
 
 
... of purple nutsedge allelopathy and other approaches on weed management in barely at Students’ Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam for weed as well as barely parameters having eight treatments with three replications. The data revealed that the maximum weed control (91.3%) was recorded under T7= Puma super 7.5% emulsifiable water at 0.625 liters ha-1, 50% reduced (30 Days after sowi...
Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor
Javaid1
...n to confirm
allelopathic potential of its plant leachates and soil-decomposition plant residues towards
emergence and seedling growth of rice. In first experiment, aqueous extracts from various
plant parts of red sprangletop (stem, root, leaves, flower and entire plant) at their 5% (w/v)
concentration were applied to germinating rice seeds. In second experiment, soildecomposed
red sprangletop plant r...

Iqtidar Hussain1, Ejaz Ahmed Khan1, Jawad Nazir and Ehtesham-ul-Haq1

...bouring plants is called allelopathy. The significance of study was checked allelopathic phytochemical potential of white cedar vern. Bakain (Melia azedarachL.) leaves on wheat.Leaveslitter was used to examine the allelopathic effects of M.azedarach at five concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 g, control). The studied parameters were germination percentage (%), Speed of germination, plant he...

Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Saima Anwar2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Iram Batool3, Athar Mahmood3, Abdul Rehman1, Aafaq Ali5, Aneela Nijabat5

Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1* Sadia Afzal2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Hasnain Waheed1, Aneela Nijabat4, Muhammad Ikram5, Amir Aziz6, Muhammad Adnan1, Qaisar Mehmood7, Hasnain Umer3

...e method. In this method allelochemicals present in crop plant help in suppressing or inhibiting weeds. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the allopathic potential of aqueous extract of winter crop Papaver somniferum (opium) on summer weed Echinochloa cruss-galli (barnyard grass. The experiment comprised of seven concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, and 8%) of different plant parts i.e., leaves, stem and flower of P. somniferumwere. All the te...
Asif Tanveer,Hafiz Haider Ali,Asif Tanveer,Hafiz Haider Ali,Muhammad Asghar,Muhammad Ather Nadeem,Muhammad Asghar,Muhammad Ather Nadeem
TASAWER ABBAS,Abdul Khaliq,Asif Tanveer,Muhammad Ehsan Safdar
IMRAN KHAN,Faisal Khan,Abdul Rab,Haq Nawaz,SHAD KHAN KHALIL
Zahid Hussain,MUHAMMAD WAQAS,SOHAIL KHAN,IMRAN KHAN,MUHAMMAD ISHFAQ KHAN,SHAHIDA BIBI,Rahamdad Khan,Murad Ali,ZAFAR ALI
Muhammad Nabeel,Ali Ahsan Bajwa,Sehrish Sadia,Wahaj Nafees,SHAHIDA KHALID
SHAHIDA KHALID,Sehrish Sadia,TAUSEEF ANWAR,YASIR ARAFAT,SANA RIAZ
Inayat Ullah Awan, Mohammad Azam Khan, Muhammad Zareef , Ejaz Ahmad Khan
M. Farooq,G. Haider,K. Jabran,A. Khaliq,S.M.A. Basra,A. Razzaq, Z.A. Cheema
SHER ASLAM KHAN,UMM E KALSOOM,Rahamdad Khan,MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN,MUHAMMAD ISHFAQ
Mahmood Laghari,Ahmed Naqi Shah,Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar,Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro,Habib-ur-Rehman Memon
Muhammad Naseem, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Ansar Muhammad Azhar
ANBREEN ANJUM,ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN,SHAKIRA HAMID,HINA SHAHZADI,AMEER FAWAD,SHUGUFTA IDREES,ZUNIARA MUBEEN,Muhammad Yousaf
ATTIQ ULLAH,Mohammad Safdar Baloch,MUHAMMAD SADIQ,EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,MUHAMMAD AMJAD NADIM,KHALIQ NOOR
Majeeduddin Solangi,Ahmed Khan Jalbani,Ghulam Murtaza Sahito,Qamaruddin Jogi,Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro,Niaz Ahmed Wahocho
IKRAMULLAH KHAN,Ghazala Shaheen,SABINA MUBARIK,RABIA ASMA MEMON,HASHMATULLAH
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar,TASAWER ABBAS,Abdul Khaliq,Asif Tanveer
EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,Haji Khalil Ahmad,FATEH ULLAH KHAN,Muhammad Ayaz Khan,HAJI HIMYAT ULLAH KHAN
Haseeba Bibi,Arshad Iqbal,FAZAL HADI,Abddul Razaq,Ghias Ali
MUHAMMAD AWAIS,AMEER FAWAD,ANBREEN ANJUM,ZUNIARA MUBEEN,SHAGUFTA PURVEEN,Muhammad Yousaf,KULSOOM GHULAM ALI,HINA SHAHZADI
WAHEEDULLAH,ABDUL MAJID KHAN,ADRES KHAN,MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN,MUHAMMAD WAQAS,Zahid Hussain,M.A RAZA,Rahamdad Khan
Ijaz Ahmad,FAZAL MUNSIF,Rizwan Ullah Shah,Wiqar Ahmad,Wasiullah Malik,Mushtaq Ahmad Jadoon,IMRAN KHAN,Sadiq Hussain
Chamroon Laosinwattana,Patchanee Charoenying,Nawasit Chotsaeng,Suneerut Ruangsomboon
MUHAMMAD SADIQ,KHALIQ NOOR,Mohammad Safdar Baloch,INAYAT ULLAH AWAN,Muhammad Aslam,EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,Muhammad Ayaz Khan
Muhammad Kamran, Ali Raza, Qasim Ali, Hafiz Haider Ali and Muhammad Sohaib Chattha
Zahid Mahmood1, Mohammad Salim2, Nowsherwan Zarif1, Zahid Rauf1, Muhammad Naqash1 and Ahmad Hussain3
... tensile, compression parallel to grains, compression perpendicular to grains, End hardness and Side hardness. Results revealed that Papular deltiodes has low-very low strength wood species with moderate hardness; Papular euphratica were a high-density species having high elasticity, low bending and compression, with medium hardness; Eucalyptus citridora was hard with medium to very high strength properties, Eucalyptus camaldulensis...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
...ion and intra- and inter allelic interactions in the expressions of the traits. Based on these findings, it is recommended that for improving leaf yield, growth traits which have significant positive effect on leaf yield, such as, TSL, longest shoot length and NB should be considered for mulberry breeding programme. The breeding programme is suggested to be based on hybridization followed by selection method.

Key words: Genetic variability, phenotypic var...

Nasreen Fatima, Tanveer Ahmad Qureshi and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
... from 1.1 to 1.2 with parallel increase in board density....
Mohammad Zubair Sulemani* Mohammad Safdar Baloch** and Khalid Abdullah**
Mohammad Ayaz
... a tree species of un-paralleled advantages for the land and people of Pakistan.

Furthermore, the drought and associated water shortage in a country like Pakistan could be due to periodicity of climatic phenomena occurring locally, regionally or globally. But, it is astonishing that how a single tree species (Eucalyptus) and that too raised in small blocks, linear rows and planted over a very limited area could be responsible for such a large sc...

Babar Sohail and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
...Although Eucalyptus have allelopathic effects on agriculture crops but economic losses due to raising of Eucalyptus were proved baseless. According to this study, most of the farmers (67%) are not willing to plant Eucalyptus on their farmlands anymore. This negative trend in majority of farmers is accounted for two major problems i.e., poor marketing and low returns as 66 percent farmers indicated marketing problems and 75 percent reported low returns from the...
Fauzia Balqis Malik and Bashir Hussain Shah
... continuation of work on allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on two major varieties of wheat by the author for dissertation of M.Sc. Botany during 1991. The object of the study is to establish viable tree-crop combination for agroforestry systems to make up the deficiency of trees in the country. In the current work allelopathic effect of three species of Eucalyptus namely Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Euca...
K. M. Siddiqui
... some bamboo species parallel man's past migration. Bamboo may also have traveled along the several ancient maritime spice routes between China, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and India....
Iqbal Mahmood and G.M. Nasir
...n maximum compression parallel to grain, compression parallel to grain at elastic limit and impact bending strength....
Bashir Hussain Shah
...ephala have a higher allelopathic effect on the growth of grasses under them as compared to Zizyphus mauritiana, Acacia modesta, Dalbergia sissoo and Albizzia lebbek. The cover percent of the vegetation was lowest (8.25%) under Eucalyptus camaldulensis and highest under Zizyphus mauritiana (83%). The cover percent under Acacea midesta and L.leucocephala was 64, 60, 53, 29, and 16%respectively. The forage prod...
P. H. Haydock Wilson and A. R. Beg
... the hypothesis positing allelopathic suppression of mycorrhiza by phenols secreted by Imperata. No recommendations for management are made, as the problem of Imperata colonization does not appear pressing, relative both to the wider problem of forest clearance in the area, and to the cost of any possible solution....
Ioryisa Verinumbe
...p> (perpendicular and parallel to grain of face veneer respectively. MOE parallel to grain was 19209.44 N/mm2 and MOE perpendicular to grain was 3498.29 N/mm2. Mean density and moisture content as received was 597.65 kg/m3 and 9.84% respectively. At the testing conditions of 65% relative humidity and 200 C, mean density was 589.85 kg/m3 while moisture content was 8.37%. Impact strength had th...
Safia Khanum, Farrukh Hussain and Himayat Hussain Naqvi
...i> Retz. are potentially allelopathic. The root exudates besides inhibiting their own growth reduced growth of Chloris. Aqueous shoot extracts inhibited radicle growth of Chloris gayana, Panicum antidotale, Pennisetum americanum and Chtysopogon aucheri. Both the species exhibited self-toxicity. The toxicity of each species depended up to the amount of material soaked, soaking duration, freshness of the material assayed and the test species used....
Nasim Akhtar, Himayat Husssain Naqvi and Farrukh Hussain
.... The possible effect of allelopathy of these grasses is discussed in relation to the vegetation dynamics....
Muhammad Naeem Korejo1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1 and Niaz
Ahmed Wahocho2
...onducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of sunflower
(Helianthus annuus L.) and bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.) extracts under various
irrigation levels on weed density and yield of mungbean cultivar AEM-96. The experiment
consisted of different weed control practices i.e. weedy check, various levels of sunflower /
bermuda grass extracts, herbicides and hand weeding under three irrigation frequencies ...
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2, Azhar
Hassan1, Jamshaid Qamar2, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Adnan2, Rafia Khalid3, Muhammad
Usman2
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2,
Muhammad Mughees Ud Din4, Jamshaid Qamar2, Muhammad Waqas1, Muhammad Mohsin
Amin2, Burhan Khalid1
...ter 2018 to evaluate the allelopathic effects of A. officinalis
on weed Wild Pea (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius). The experiments were laid out under
completely randomized design (CRD) having three replications. The aqueous extracts of C.
verum. were used on radish and wild pea seeds at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%,
10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot

Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan2*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin2, Jamshahid Qamar2, Azhar Hassan1, Muhammd Alam Elahi1, Jamshed Haider1, Muhammad Irfan4 and Memuna Ghafoor Shahid5

Tariq Ahmed Keerio1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Ahmed Naqi Shah1, Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro3

...ried out to estimate the allelopathic potential of sorghum
immature and mature plant extracts under various seed rates on weeds density and yield
of m aize cultivar Dadu Maize I The experiment includes different we ed control practices
i.e., control (No weeding) weeding), various levels of sorghum immature and mature plant extracts
herbicides and hand weeding under various seed rates (20, 25, 30 and 35 kg per ha ...

Sumaira Abdul Raouf1, Nadia Jabeen1* and Sundus Akhtar1

...se the T. portulacastrum allelopathic stress and to enhance the growth of V. mungo. Amendment of Pseudomonas sp. (PF-097) increase V. mungo percentage of germination (8-42%), seedling length (12-54%), fresh biomass of seedling (8-17%) and dry biomass of seedling (0.47 g to 1.2 g). In vivo pot experiment bioassay revealed that of T. portulaacstrum significantly suppress the shoot length (46 cm to 18 cm), shoot fresh biomass (2.6 g to 0.66 g) and shoot dry bioma...

Mukondwa Olivia1, Rugare Joyful Tatenda1, Mabasa Stanford1 and Mandumbu Ronald2*

...llet cultivars for their allelopathic effect against several weeds. Water extracts of the stems root and leaves of twelve sorghum and pearl millet cultivars were screened for their ability to suppress germination and dry weight of blackjack (Bidens pilosa L.), upright starbur (Acanthospermum hispidium L.) and goose grass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn)] and by the addition of their plant material to soil under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. A randomized c...

Umm-e-Kulsoom1, Saima Hashim2, Fazli Wahid3, Haseena Gulzar4 and Tamana Bakht5

... were to investigate the allelopathic effect of extracts of different parts of donor species on weed seed germination and growth of potato. Weed seed germination test was conducted in petri-dishes while potato related studies were conducted in pots. Our data revealed that all the aqueous extracts of all the three donor plants significantly decreased the seed germination of A. viridis and C. album as compared to control. All three species have confirmed

Iqtidar Hussain1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch, Ejaz Ahmad Khan and Asghar Ali Khan

...ucted to investigate the allelopathic response of different plant extracts on the morpho-physiological traits of maize crop. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design having three repetitions. Water extracts of ten different plants viz., neem (Azadirachta indica L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis L.), tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.), Indian lilac (Melia azadirach L.), acacia (Acacia nilotica L.), poplar (Populous deltoids L.), sunf...

Gul Hassan, Anees Amin, Haroon ur Rashid, Naqib Ullah Khan and Hussain Ali1

...h perhaps was due to its allelopathic effect at higher concentration. Berseem also showed allelopathy to maize and sorghum even greater than parthenium, as it inhibited all the parameters studied. Further research is suggested to confirm these findings.

...

Uzma Zafar1*, Zaima Ali1, Ambreen Tauseef2 and Saba Khaliq3

...lthy subjects. The minor allele ‘G’ of -11377 C>G [p=0.013; OR (CI)=1.47(1.08-1.999)] and the major ‘GG’ genotype of +276 G>T [(p=0.027; OR(CI)=1.56(1.05-2.32)] were associated with the increased risk of metabolic syndrome. The major ‘CC’ genotype of -11377 C>G was associated with the decreased risk [(p=0.004; OR (CI)=0.55(0.36-0.83)] of metabolic syndrome. Serum adiponectin was higher significantly in the wild geno...

Taqwa Safdar, Khalid Abbas*, Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmed, Hina Amjad, Sumra Naz and Jamal Kazam

...diversity. The number of alleles on each locus ranging from 2.0 to 6.0, with an average of 3.48 was observed at various loci. The average observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.664 to 0.76 and 0.631 to 0.664, respectively. For all tested loci, population combinations showed significant deviation (p<0.05) from HWE. The AMOVA indicated that most of the variation lied within individuals in populations of H. molitrix. Based on Nei’s genetic ...

Muhammad Farooq* and Sanam Zarif

...ement. For instance, the allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis have adversely affected the growth of grass and bushes in the Malakand highlands. In order to stop invasive species from spreading, many management techniques are used. These consist of chemical control with herbicides such as glyphosate, mechanical removal, and organic pesticides. The use of biological control agents has proven successful in certain situations. 

...

Iram Alam Sthanadar1*, Muhammad Zahid1, Sami Siraj2 and Omar Malik2

... high frequency of major allele CC which confirmed that patients receiving metformin, glimepiride and its combination therapy were effective for glycemic control through-out in a 12 months cohort with a p value of <0.0001. The SNP rs1057910 in CYP2C9 was inconsistent with H.W equilibrium and shows disequilibrium in our population. The study found a modest but non-significant effect of the CYP2C9*3 rs1057910 polymorphism on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes ...

Ridha Tunnisa1, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2*, Sri Purwanti2, Sri Rachma Aprilita Bugiwati2, Wempie Pakiding2

...LP). Genotype frequency, allele frequency, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were analyzed in this research. The research showed that three genotypes, AA, AB, and BB, were successfully visualized. The AB and BB genotype of the IGF-1 gene was significantly related (P<0.05) with final body weight, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio in hens Alope chicken. So the IGF-1 gene has the potential to be used as a genetic marker for the initial selection process...

Nguyen Ba Trung1,2*, Pham Thi Kim Phuong1,2

...resence of the desirable alleles of the NCAPG and DGAT1 genes will be important for the selection of animals based on their potential performances in meat and milk productivity. The present findings could be informative for future conservation and breeding of this bull-racing cattle breed.
 
Keywords | Ongole cattle, Genetic diversity, mtDNA, Polymorphisms, SNPs, Y chromosome
...

Van Dai Nguyen1, ¥, Van Ba Nguyen2, ¥, Thi Thanh Nhan Giang2, Cong Dinh Nguyen2, Thi Lan Nguyen1, Dinh Ngoan Vu1, Duc Chuyen Nguyen1, Van Can Ta1, Khac Khanh Nguyen2, Thi Lien Cao2, Doan Lan Pham2, Khanh Van Nguyen2, Ngoc Tan Nguyen3*

...s. The average number of alleles of each microsatellite marker in the two native buffalo populations varied from 6.11 (in LB-LD and LB-LC sub-populations) to 7.67 (in the TC population), with mean values of expected heterozygosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and polymorphic informative content (PIC) 0.743, 0.271, and 0.738, respectively. The two local swamp buffalo populations were separated into two main branches. One branch came from the TC local buf...

Mahisba Waris1, Muhammad Azim Khan2*, Muhammad Fawad1*, Nabeela Jafer1, Rashid Hussain3 and Haseeb Ahmad3

Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research

June

Vol.30, Iss. 2, Pages 44-94

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