Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1
Life Sciences International Journal Issue 7 Volume 1
Malik Ikram Ullah1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Inayatullah Awan1, Muhammad Munir2, Ghazanfarullah1
...ld, crude protein, crude fiber and ash percentage were significantly increased with increase nitrogen levels (200, 240, and 280 kg N ha-1). However, highest benefit-cost ratio was estimated when 240 kg N ha-1 was applied which was found best compromise between forage yield and quality for maize cultivar Kissan under the agro-climatic conditions of Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. The study also indicates that crude protein and mineral content in fodder maize can be...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Naeem2, Sara Ferrando3, Lorenzo Gallus3, Noor Khan4, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman4, Abdul Ghaffar5 and Abdul Mateen6
... 12.32%–18.32% and fiber remained as 7.52% – 13.12%. Phosphorus was found as 0.21%–1.8%. In fish meal preparation, 24 species belonging to different families were noted in which the most abundantly used species were sardine (Dussumieria acuta), mullet (Liza carinata, L. subviridis), herring (Chirocentrus dorab), elongated sole (Solia elongate), black fin sea bream (Acanthopagrus berda), grunts (Pomadasys hasta), croaker (Otolithus ruber), sil...
Salma Shaheen, Mumtaz Khan, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani, Zarina Bibi, Muhammad Munir and Mehwish Kiran
... EM was applied. Dietary fiber, vitamin C and crude proteins were also increased in spinach with pressmud + EM application. It was concluded that EM-inoculated pressmud has higher potential to increases soil fertility as well as stimulate spinach growth and quality. Therefore, warrants further testing under field conditions....
M. Abdus Salam1, M. Moynul Haque2, Md. Obaidul Islam3, M. Nasir Uddin4 and Md. Nazmul Haque3*
...ld components, yield and fiber quality attributes of cotton. Yield and quality of cotton were significantly higher when crop was grown from seeds stored in polythene bag as compared to cloth bag. Interaction of genotypes and seed sources indicated that highest sympodial branches plant-1 (19.11), days to 50% flowering and boll splitting (72.00 and 156.33, respectively), number of bolls plant-1 (20.33), boll weight (4.60 g), seed cotton and lint yield (2305.30 a...
Anjan Bhattacharyya, Suhrid Ranjan Barik & Pritam Ganguly
New pesticide molecules, formulation technology and uses: Present status and future challenges
...lated suspension, hollow fibers, monolithic matrix, laminated structures etc can avoid these problems. The prime motto for these developments is to give protection to the crops along with safety to the natural enemies of different pests as a whole safety to environment.
...
Ayesha Zahid,Ammara Muazzam, Sidra Mustafa, Saba Irshad*,Malik Siddique Mahmood and Rehman Shahzad
... inappropriate growth of fiber cells. In the present study, a novel G to C substitution (1104G>C) (pE368Q) was screened by PCR-SSCP in exon 2 of GJA8 and this tansversion altered exceedingly conserved glutamic acid to glutamine at site which was involved in coding of ASF1 like histone chaperone. Further presumption based on structural and functional analysis of mutated protein was anticipated by bioinformatics tools, which manifest mild changes in overall c...
Aneela Qureshi1, Ammara Ainee1*, Muhammad Nadeem1, Masooma Munir1,2*, Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1, Saqib Jabbar2
...do powder. The effect of fiber source on physicochemical, sensory attributes and microbiological properties of fruit cakes were examined during 30 days of storage. Results showed that with varying fiber content water activity, texture, color, moisture, fat, protein, ash, NFE and fiber content changed significantly (p<0.05). Gross energy level in cake which is desirable by consumers was ...
Sogolo L. Lebelo1,* and Gerhard van der Horst2
... inclusions and collagen fibers are also found in the cytoplasm of these cells. These cells are found associated with the spermatogonia type B, pachytene spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The results from this study show that there are basic similarities in the Leydig cells of the vervet compared to other mammals, humans and nonhuman primates, however, there also seem to be species differences among the mammalian group. The association of these cells with devel...
A. Hamid1,*, M. Ilyas2 and S. Kalsoom3
...icient intake of dietary fiber.A study was conducted to evaluate the role of dietary fiber and ß-glucan from major food grains used locally on plasma cholesterol level of dietary-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Insoluble dietary fiber (lignin and cellulose) was extracted from wheat and maize, while ß glucan was extracted from barley and sorghum. Male rats (n = 32), weighing ...
Netti Aryani1, Azrita2, Ainul Mardiah3 and Hafrijal Syandri2*
...7% crude lipid, 6% crude fiber, 12% ash, and 12% moisture as a percentage of fish body weight, with three replicates per treatment. Fish were fed three times per day at 09:00, 14:00, and 18:00. The experiment was carried out for 120 days. Each month, 30 fish were removed from each of the floating net cages to be measured and weighed. The biomass of fish was calculated, and the amount of feed was adjusted. The feeding rate significantly (p< 0.05) influenced ...
Saleem Khan1, Amir Hamza2, Farhadullah Khan3, M. Subhan4, Aziz Khan1, Irfan Ali Shah1, Shakirullah Khan Shakir3*
Aqsa Qayyum1*, Masooma Munir1, Saeeda Raza1, Mussarat Gillani1, Saima Kanwal1, Nouman Rashid1, Amer Mumtaz1, Naeem Safdar1, Zarmina Gillani2
...ectively while ash, fat, fiber, protein, iron, zinc, magnesium and manganese contents increased significantly (p < 0.01). There was a non-significant (p > 0.05) effect on the color, flavor, taste and texture of biscuits. So, it is concluded that replacement of wheat flour with pea flour up to a level of 20% improved the nutritional potential of biscuits without affecting the consumer acceptability score.
...
Masooma Munir1,2*, Aqsa Qayyum1, Saeeda Raza1, Nouman Rashid Siddiqui1, Amer Mumtaz1, Naeem Safdar1, Sahar Shible1, Sohaib Afzal3, Saiqa Bashir4
... not only good source of fiber and protein but they provide appreciable amount of minerals and phenolic compounds. Swollen basil seeds were used to prepare beverage at three supplementation levels i.e. 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4%. Sensory evaluation of basil seed drink revealed that 0.3% basil seeds supplemented drink was liked most in term of taste, texture and over all acceptability whereas 0.4% basil seeds supplemented drink were least liked as compared to other trea...
Aqsa Mehboob1, Noor Khan1,*, Usman Atiq1, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Rafia Tayyab1, Syeda Suhaira Batool1, Hafiza Saleha Batool1, Sana Amjad1 and Mehwish Tanveer1
...eriment was conducted in fiberglass tank having capacity of 18 L water with a stocking density of 25 fish fry per aquaria. There were two treatment groups; T1, T2 and a control (T0) each was replicated twice. Fenugreek as an additive was added in experimental feed at the rate of 0.5% in T1 and 1.0% in T2 while control T0 was without fenugreek supplementation. Fish was fed for six days a week at ...
Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar1*, Amir Shakeel1, Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Waheed Anwar1, Zoraiz Tanveer1 and Muhammad Fahad Irfan2
...g), lint percentage (%), fiber strength (g/tex), fiber length (mm) and fiber fineness (µg/inch). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences at 1% level of significance for all traits except fiber fineness. The mean performance of F1 populations were better than parents. Maximum GCV was recorded for number of monopodial branches followed ...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Khanum Zahra2, Arooj Zaheer2, Khizar Samiullah3
...chemistry of spider silk fiber, mechanical properties and applications of silk in health, military industry and many other fields is discussed. Its antifungal and antimicrobial potentials are also explored. Researchers are trying to introduce advanced methods to manufacture spider silk artificially to enhance silk production. Silk fiber can be designed after determining type and sequence of constituent amino acid or by inser...
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani2, Sami Ullah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Abdur Rauf3 and Inam Ullah2
...unfavorable influence on fiber length and fineness compared to FT. In conclusion, RT is a resourceful alternative tillage method for rising earliness %, cotton yield and fiber characteristics in D.I. Khan, Pakistan environments. ...
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Sara Ferrando4 and Lorenzo Gallus4
...in, lipid, ash and crude fiber were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by salinity level. The hematological parameters like hematocrit, cholesterol and plasma triglycerides were similar among fish fed on different salinity level (P < 0.05).
...
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Sara Ferrando4, Lorenzo Gallus4 and Syed Sajjad A. Shah2,3
...ked into hapa nets in 12 fiberglass tanks (2000-liter). Ratio among male and female was 1:3. They were fed with commercial floating pelleted feed constituting 35% crude protein with 2% body weight twice a day. Eggs were collected on weekly basis by cultch removal method. Results showed that the highest fecundity, fertility, hatchability and survival of fry were obtained on salinity of 0%-15% and significantly decreased on 20‰ and 25‰. The eggs pe...
Raania Ahsan* and Zafar Altaf**
...rus susceptible, poor in fiber quality and high input demanding unapproved varieties. Almost all these varieties employed Monsanto Cry1Acgene (MON 531) as it was not patented in Pakistan. A positive development was approval of Monsanto plan to introduce advanced genetically modified (GM) crop technology in Pakistan by Government of Pakistan during 2009. In this regard Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MINFA) has been working on a two pronged strategy i.e. deve...
Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...garding CLCuD tolerance, fiber quality and some yield contributing traits, 101 cotton genotypes imported from USA were evaluated. Different statistical procedures like cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to identify the suitable genotypes that can be further exploited in breeding programme. Significant associations were found between yield contributing trait, boll weight and fiber relate...
ZafarUllah*, Muhammad Azim Malik*, Muhammad Ansar*, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz* and Muhammad Rasheed*
WINTER FORAGE QUALITY OF OATS (AVENA SATIVA), BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE) AND VETCH (VICIA SATIVA) IN PURE STAND AND CEREAL LEGUME MIXTURE
...ues of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) reflected quality forage. CP for oats in oats-vetch -1 -1 mixture and barley in barley-vetch mixture was 175 g kg and 170 g kg , -1 respectively. NDF and ADF for oats in oats-vetch mixture were 494 g kg -1 and 341 g kg , respectively; while these values for barley in barley-vetch -1 -1 mixture were 340 g kg and 176 g kg , respectively....
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Abdul Razzaq*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASSES AND IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON FORAGE QUALITY
...rude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), total ash and ether extract (EE)). The results revealed that there were significant differences in dry matter (DM) among different grasses. DM content of low palatable grasses was generally high (70-75%) as compared to Ipil ipil leaves (45-55%). DM content among mixtures was also variable. For the treatment grass 75% + Ipil ipil 25%, DM range was 65-70%, for grass 50% + Ipil ipil 50%, it was 60-65% and for grass 25% + Ipil ...
Muhammad Akhter*, Muhammad Azhar Ali**, Zulqarnain Haider* and Shahzad Muzammil***
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHANGES IN GRAINS OF SOME ADVANCE LINES/ VARIETIES OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) AFTER PARBOILING
...at, crude protein, crude fiber, vitamin B6; milling quality parameters such as total milling recovery, head rice recovery, ratio of broken grains and cooking quality parameters such as curling, bursting and cooked grain length. The study showed significant variation in efficacy of parboiling to different varieties/lines. The results clearly showed average increase in mineral contents in terms of ash% increase, dry matter, longer cooked grain length and conside...
Muhammad Tahir* and Nawal Zafar*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF RABI CEREALS SOWN ALONE AND IN BLENDED POPULATION AT VARIABLE SEED RATIOS
...ratio. The highest crude fiber and total ash percentage was observed in plots where oat was sown alone at 100% seed ratio and crude protein percentage was highest when oat was blended together with barley at 75% + 25% seed ratios....
Ehsanullah*, Muhammad Amjad Shahzad*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Ali Zohaib*, Muhammad Ishfaq* and Ejaz Ahmad Warraich*
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOWING METHODS AND PLANTING DENSITIES ON GROWTH, YIELD, FIBER QUALITY AND ECONOMIC EFFICACY OF COTTON
...anting of cotton, while, fiber quality was not affected significantly by sowing methods. Economic analysis showed that economic returns and benefit cost ratio (BCR) (1.52) was elevated by flat sowing on 25 cm apart rows. In conclusion, maximum seed cotton yield and economic returns can be acquired by flat sowing with 25 cm apart rows, while, fiber quality is independent of sowing methods....
Tassadduq Rasool*, Ali Zohaib*, Ehsanullah*, Riaz Ahmad*, Tasawer Abbas*, Tahira Tabassum*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem*, Mahmood-ul-Hassan*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY IN PEARL MILLET-SESBANIA INTERCROPPING SYSTEM UNDER VARIOUS GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS
...arl millet, while, crude fiber (36%) and ash contents (20%) were improved by blended seed sowing, as compared to sole cropping of sesbania. Potential benefits of forage pearl millet can be acquired by intercropping with sesbania and following the planting geometry of sesbania intercropped in 45 cm apart two-row strips of pearl millet....
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Farkhanda Khan2, Muhammad Kashan3, Qadir Ullah4 and Abdur Rauf5
...ciencies, lint yield and fiber quality in wheat-cotton system. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted during 2014, 2015 and 2016 at Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan to explore N management practices for ZT cotton grown into standing wheat straw. The trial was conducted in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Results showed that cotton lint yield and fiber quality was good ...
Saba Parveen Samo1, Moolchand Malhi1,*, Javed Gadahi2, Yan Lei3, Allah Bux Kaciwal1 and Saeed Ahmed Soomro1
...e protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) increased (P < 0.05) by 13.71, 12.02 and 4.78% at week 3 and by 11.11, 11.8 and 3.46 % at week 6 in B compared to A. Among carcass characteristics the carcass dressing % (52.99 ± 0.77 vs 49.41 ± 0.6 ) and leg weight (kg) (1.28 ± 0.06 vs 1.05 ± 0.04) increased (P < 0.05) in B compared to A. The physico-chemical properties of meat were not significantly different between the groups except fat ...
Lili Zhang, Yuanxiao Wang, Yili Kong, Hussain Ahmad, Rui Yan, Li Dong, Jingfei Zhang and Tian Wang*
... meat quality and muscle fiber composition in pigs. Sixteen piglets with normal birth weight (NBW, body weight (BW) = 1.71 ± 0.04 kg) and sixteen piglets of low body weight with IUGR (BW = 0.93 ± 0.03 kg) at birth were procured. Blood samples were collected at 28, 66, and 160 days of age from both groups. Longissimus dorsi muscle samples were collected from four selected pigs at 160 days of age. Body weight, ADG and ADFI were decreased sig...
Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar*1, Amir Shakeel1, Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar2, Sumaira Zareen2, Syeda Sana Aamir4 and Muhammad Asadullah4
... contributing traits and fiber quality parameters. Six lines, viz., VH-259, IUB-222, CRS-456, AA-703, KZ-191, PB-39 and four testers PB-39, CIM-608, BH-163 and PB-900 were crossed in line × tester crossing fashion to develop 20 F1 hybrids. Analysis of variance displayed significant differences among parents and hybrids indicating the presence of genetic variability except fiber fineness. δ2G...
Najeeb Ullah1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1 and Ejaz Ahmad Khan1
...ure regimes on yield and fiber characteristics of two cotton genotypes. The experiment was laid out in split-plot within a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four irrigation intervals namely I1 (10 days interval), I2 (15 days interval), I3 (20 days interval) and I4 (25 days interval) were allotted to main plots while cotton genotypes (CIM-602 and CIM-616) were assigned to subplots having 10 m×3 m. Results revealed that cotton crop ...
Leila A. Kaimbayeva1,*, Elena S. Malysheva2, Rashit Kazikhanov3 and Saule R. Kazikhanova4
...or isolation of muscular fibers and were evaluated for the pH, water-binding power, activities of tissue enzymes and microstructure changes. The results of chemical analysis revealed the nature of protein substances, altered рН value of the meat and the intensity of glycolysis. All these parameters were indicative of autolysis process in the meat. The levels of water-binding capacity and structural-mechanical properties of red deer meat that occurr...
Muhammad Shaheer1*, Asad Aslam Khan2, Nasir Ahmed3, Tehseen Mahmood Mahju4, Ummarah Rasheed5
...ingly. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured in superior, inferior halves and total average thickness. Pre- and post-injection OCT were conduced and macular thickness were documented.
Results:The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was decreased in superior and inferior halves as well as in the total thickness.
Conclusion: Intra vitreal bevacizumab decreases the...
Kashif Akbar* and Muhammad Ayub
...), protein (8.20-7.68%), fiber (6.47-6.38%) while NFE increased slowly (57.86-58.60%). The color of the cookies ranged from F0-F6 (6.88-6.93), taste ranged F0-F6 (6.82-6.04) and texture ranged F0-F6 (6.91-6.15). Maximum overall acceptability was recorded in F2 (7.32) proceeded by F0 (6.99) whereas minimum mean score was recorded in F6 (6.37) proceeded by F5 (6.47). ...
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman1,*, Ibrahim A. Alhidary1, Gamaleldin M. Suliman1,2, Abdullah H. Alyemni3, Mohamed Y. Al-Saiady3, Faisal A. Alshamiry1,Mohsen M. Alobre1 and Riyadh S. Aljumaah1
Safina Naz1, Muhammad Akbar Anjum1, Saeed Akhtar2, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi3* and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...isture, ash, protein and fiber) and heavy metal (Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, Fe and Cr) contents. Significant differences were found for proximate composition of canal, tubewell and sewage water irrigated vegetables. The vegetables grown with tubewell water had higher moisture, ash and fiber contents compared with those grown with canal and sewage water; whereas protein content detected was higher in okra, tomato and spinach irrigated w...
Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali, Liaquat Ali Jamali, Shakeel Ahmed Soomro*, Shakeel Hussain Chattha, Khalil Ahmed Ibupoto, Naseer Ahmed Abbasi and Noor Mehdi Qumi
...ix, pol/sucrose, purity, fiber and commercial cane sugar. The results revealed that weight loss and fibre content throughout increased with increasing storage period. However, a decrease was observed with increasing storage period for brix content, sucrose content, purity percentage and commercial cane sugar percentage under both storage conditions. The observations of results further revealed that sugarcane covered with trash provided better quality (i.e. low...
Safina Naz1, Muhammad Akbar Anjum1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi2*, Bushra Siddique3 and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...a (2.23g/100g), fats and fiber in Abelmoschus esculentus (0.44g/100g and 3.27g/100g, respectively), ascorbic acid in Spinacia oleracea (84.5mg/100g) and carbohydrate and energy values in Daucus carota (11.25g/100g and 55.80 cal, respectively). While, higher mineral contents were recorded for phosphorous (P) in Spinacia oleracea (85.5mg/100g), sodium (Na) and iron (Fe) in Lycopericon esculentum (65.33mg/100g and11.67mg/100g, respectively), and potassium (K) and...
Fan Shuli1*, Ameer Hussain Jarwar1,3, Xiaoyan Wang2, Long Wang1 and Qifeng Ma1
...is mainly focused on its fiber but cotton seed oil is significantly used as a comestible vegetable oil and makes major contribute in the national oil industry. According to an estimate per capita usage of edible oil in the country is 15 kg, this is even higher than the consumption in countries with same economic status of economical evolution. Overall requirements for this purpose in 2028–30 is estimated at approximately 5.30 million/tons from which dome...
Muhammad Tahir Amin, Khalid Usman*, Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik and Nishter Ali
...y-related traits such as fiber length, fiber strength, micronaire, and fiber uniformity. Frequent irrigation interval (7th day) produced taller plants (139 cm) and more sympodial branches (18.3) compared to less frequent irrigations (10-19th day). However, 19th day irrigation interval significantly improved seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits (
Sahar Shibli1,2*, Farzana Siddique1, Saeeda Raza2, Zaheer Ahsan3 and Irum Raza4
...n;0.06 to 8.53± % fiber. Mineral analysis of peanut cultivars showed 12.60±0.38 to 16.61±1.51 mg/100g Fe , 2.34±0.075 to 3.37±0.040 mg/100g Zn, 38.64±3.50 to 48.24±32.58 mg/100g Ca, 67.81±7.86 to 82.72±9.09 mg/100g Mg, 199.19±33.18 to 342.00±19.03 mg/100g Na and 1220.6±9.045 to 1411.3±1.71 mg/100g P and 841.01±50.41 to 992.98±36.10 mg/100g K. Fatty acid cha...
Ali Bakhsh1*, Mashal Rehman1, Said Salman1 and Rehmat Ullah2
...or seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits under water stress and non-stress conditions. All the genotypes depicted significant differences for days to first square formation, days to first flower formation, plant height, monopodial branches per plant, sympodial branches per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, fiber length, fiber strength, uniformity index,
Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik1, Khalid Usman1*, Tahir Amin1, Muhammad Riaz2, Zafar Iqbal3 and Fiaz Hussain1
...ing out turn (GOT, 37%), fiber length (28.1mm), fiber strength (29.5 g per tex) and micronaire value (3.5 µg per inch) were achieved from irrigation interval of 25 days. Interaction effects (irrigation x varieties) revealed that variety CRIS-134 in combination with 25 days irrigation interval conserved 60 % more water, produced 60.5% more bolls per plant, 21.1% higher GOT, 48.7% higher seed cotton yield, and 12.4% high...
Muhammad Naveed Afzal1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Muhammad Ahmad1, Khuram Mubeen2, Muhammad Ayaz Khan3, Muhamamd Umer Afzal4 and Shakeel Ahmad5
...int yield and associated fiber properties. In this RCBD split plot experiment, two planting densities (8.88 and 4.44 plants m-2) were assigned to main plot and four nitrogen rates (0, 50,100 and 150 kg N ha-1) were kept in sub plots with three replications. The PD was maintained by altering the within plant spaces keeping the row spaces (75 cm) constant. The results indicated that significant PD X N interaction was observed for plant biomass components i.e. th...
Muqader Shah1,*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Saima Masood2, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Salahud Din1, Shakirullah3, Imad Khan2, Ambrina Tariq4 and Habib ur Rehman5
...d that muscle pH, muscle fiber diameter (MFD) and muscle fiber cross sectional area (MFCSA) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in T2 compared to all other treatments under HS. Drip losses was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the treatment groups compared to T2. Muscle fascicle diameter (MFSD) and muscle fascicle cross sectional area (MFSCSA) were significantly (P<0.01) lower in T2 and T3 while higher (P<0.01) in a...
Gulnaz Saleem1, Aijaz Hussain Soomro1*, Nouman Rashid2 and Mehar un Nisa Narejo3
... values for ash, fat and fiber (3.02%, 3.02% and 10.99%) respectively. Whereas; PM-09 possessed higher moisture (13.89%); though Masoor-93 was higher in protein content (25.16%) than all other varieties. The supplementation resulted in a significant increase in protein, fat, crude fiber and ash contents of the biscuits. The thickness and spread factor of biscuits differ significantly while non-significant effect was observed...
Fraza Ijaz1*, Umair Riaz2, Shazia Iqbal3, Qamar uz Zaman4, Muhammad Furqan Ijaz5, Hina Javed1, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi1, Zuhra Mazhar3, Ahmad Hassan Khan6, Hassan Mehmood7 and Ijaz Ahmad8
....23%), neutral detergent fiber (33.45%) and acid detergent fiber (26.56%) gave significant results as compared to control (T1). Results indicated that the combined application of Rhizobium species and Tryptamine performed better by improving growth and yield and quality parameters. It is concluded that precursor-inoculum combination is an effective approach and should be tested in different ecologies. ...
Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2
...ein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber and sugar, respectively. As well as one gram of okra contain 31.3 mg and 299mg of vitamin K and potassium, respectively. Therefore, to examine the effect of different forms of fertilizers (organic and inorganic) on the yield and physiochemical attributes of okra Abelmoschus esculentus a field trial was conducted. For this purpose, organic form of fertilizers like kitchen waste, poultry manure and compost were used while the inorg...
Masooma Munir1,2*, Abdul Ahad3, Asra Gull1, Aqsa Qayyum2, Nouman Rashid Siddique2, Amer Mumtaz2, Naeem Safdar2, Barkat Ali2, Muhammad Nadeem1 and Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1
...orage time while ash and fiber contents remained same during storage. The mineral and ash contents increased significantly (p < 0.05) among the treatments. Total sugars ranged from 64.77% to 67.29%. Reducing sugars were high than non-reducing sugars. It has been concluded that the addition of spinach has positive effect on acceptability and nutritional value of bars. ...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Gul Bahar Khaskheli2, Allah Jurio Khaskheli3, Arshad Ali Khaskheli4, Abdul Samad Magsi5, Ghulam Shabir Barham2, Arab Khan Lund5 and Maqbool Ahmed Jamali4
... bottom percent of crude fiber. Acacia nilotica and Alhagi maurorum though were statistically similar to each other but found prominently rich in total carbohydrate content. It could be concluded that the thatta district possessed significant influence on most of the nutrients, whereby negative effect on the moisture content and positive on the dry matter was noted. Overall, no considerable influence on nitrogen free extract and total carbohydrate contents but...
Adel E.M. Mahmoud1, AdamCieślak2, Paulina Szulc2, Anna Łukomska3 and Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel2,*
... among treatments. Crude fiber content increased linearly with increased dried sugar beet pulp percentage in rations, with significant differences in D2, D3 and D4. Content of NDF was significantly higher in all experimental groups when compared with control group, whereas non-fibrous carbohydrates content decreased in all groups as the effect of corn grains replacement by dried sugar beet pulp. Complete substitution of yellow corn by sugar dried beet pulp in ...
Muhammad Usman Akhtar1,2, Abdul Qayum3, Anshan Shan1,*, Shuli Chou1, Hyeonsoo Jo4, Syed Waqas Ali Shah4 and Ishfaq Muhammad5
... (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake were higher (P < 0.05) in goats fed 70RDP diet than those fed 30RDP diet. Nutrients digestibilities (DM, CP, NDF and ADF) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in goats fed 60RDP diet than those fed 30RDP. Goats fed 70RDP diet produced higher milk yield/d than those fed 30RDP diet.These results revealed that Beetal goats fed 70RDP showed increase...
Shagufta Naz1, Ayesha Javed1, Ayesha Saleem1, Khadija Murtaza1, Rukhama Haq1, Akbar Hayat2 and Neelma Munir1,*
...ora, moisture, fat, ash, fiber, phenolic content, sprouting inhibition, physiological weight loss, pyruvate analysis and sugar contents. Gamma radiation affected these parameters at higher doses but at 0.5 kGy no significant change was observed. 0.5 kGy prouting was inhibited and microflora was reduced at this dose without affecting its nutritional and sensory qualities. So, it was proved to be the best optimized dose was 0.5kGy.
...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...usmn;0.72 %) while crude fibers were found least in amount (1.43±0.53 %). Among different minerals, reasonable amount of calcium (3268±0.53 μg/g), potassium (2873±0.71 μg/g), sodium (591±0.23 μg/g) and iron (223 ± 0.46 μg/g) were found while no cadmium and chromium was detected. MCE and EAF displayed considerable antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas campestris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing 12.6±0...
Sana Munir1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi1*, Ahmad Naeem Shahzad2, Ismat Nawaz3, Muhammad Shahzad Anjam4, Sumaira Rasul4 and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar5
..., yield contributing and fiber traits using various multivariate analysis such as principle component analysis and linkage cluster analysis. Principle component analysis (PCA) exhibited that first four PC out of nineteen PC, with eigen value >1, contributed about 80.326 % of total variability. Positive contribution towards PC1 was given by seed traits such as lint/seed, seed weight/seed, boll weight, seed index and seed cotton/seed. In biplot analysis, intr...
Waseem Abbas1, Shakeel-ur-Rehman2, Abdul Rashid2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Atiq2 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3*
...;">Cotton is the king of fibers and it is an important cash crop of tropical and subtropical regions. The present research was carried out to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different against the cotton leaf curl virus vector (Bemisia tabaci) and indirectly the disease incidence. Leaves extracts of four plant extracts i.e. Calotropis gigantea, Zingiber officinale, Allium cepa and Azadirachta indica were evaluated at 3 % concentration against eggs hatchabi...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli3, Allah Jurio Khaskheli2 and Arshad Ali Khaskheli1
...ct, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract and total carbohydrate contents) were included. Comprehensive survey indicated year round availability of 19 different vegetations at study areas whereby dry matter contents in Calligonum polygonoides (93.63%) recorded significantly high, and in Trifolium alexandrinum it was low, while moisture content appeared vice versa to dry matter. Organic matter contents in Senegalia senegal (94.0...
Muhammad Jan1*, Safdar Hussain2, Muhammad Anwar ul Haq3, Javed Iqbal4, Ilyas Ahmad4, Muhammad Aslam4 and Aiman Faiz3
...ced and evolved. But the fiber quality and seed cotton yield up to now till is poor in quality as compared to other developed countries. A judicious combination of manures and fertilizers depending upon the availability, the type of the soil and crops to be grown would not only maximize the crop production and improve the quality of agricultural products but would also maintain the fertility, productivity and overall health of the soil for posterity. So, keepi...
Nasrullah1*, Ahmad Nawaz Khoso1, Jamila Soomro2, Ilahi Bakhash Marghazani1, Masood-ul-Haq Kakar1, Abdul Hameed Baloch1, Sarfaraz Ahmed Brohi1 and Muhammad Asif Arain1*
...n (CP) natural detergent fiber (NDF) and nutrient detergent fiber (NDF) were recorded significantly similar (P<0.05) in both species. Furthermore, digestibility of DM was observed similarly among two species while, digestibility of CP was recorded higher on millet fodder compare to other fodders. The digestibility of various nutrients such as CP, NDF and ADF were significantly higher (P<0.05) in sheep compared to goat....
Naseem Zahra1* and Shajia Jabeen2
...rain rice and is high in fiber contents. Brown rice is also rich in phosphorous, magnesium, thiamin, selenium, manganese, niacin and vitamin B6. This review entails important and healthiest aspects of brown rice to include it in regular diet. ...
Rafiullah Khan1, Waseem ur Rahman1, Misbah Ullah2, Kamran Afaq3, Muhammad Amjad1, Sakhi jan1
AGE EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIP JOINT BONE: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
... collagen as reinforcing fibers. As bone supports all the organs of a body so its
mechanical behavior is of prime importance. The mechanical properties of bone varies with age. In this paper, the
effect of age on various mechanical properties of hip joint bone was investigated experimentally. For this purpose
hip joint bone specimens of male bovine of different age groups were tested for fracture toughness, young modulus
and tensile...
mechanical behavior is of prime importance. The mechanical properties of bone varies with age. In this paper, the
effect of age on various mechanical properties of hip joint bone was investigated experimentally. For this purpose
hip joint bone specimens of male bovine of different age groups were tested for fracture toughness, young modulus
and tensile...
Farid Ullah Khan*, Adeel Ahmed*, Uzair Khan Jadoon*, Fahim Haider*
MODELING, SIMULATION AND FABRICATION OF AN UNDERSHOT FLOATING WATERWHEEL
...terials,
such as, fiber glass and mild steel square tubes. For electrical power generation a DC generator is coupled with
the output shaft of the waterwheel. The developed prototype wheel successfully produced a maximum power of 0.6
kW from a water stream flowing at 1.2 m/s in an irrigation channel. ...
such as, fiber glass and mild steel square tubes. For electrical power generation a DC generator is coupled with
the output shaft of the waterwheel. The developed prototype wheel successfully produced a maximum power of 0.6
kW from a water stream flowing at 1.2 m/s in an irrigation channel. ...
Faisal Shabbir*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*
EFFECT OF COCONUT FIBER AND MARBLE WASTE ON CONCRETE STRENGTH
...very year, while coconut fibers (CF)
are abundantly available in tropical regions. These two raw materials can be used as a partial cement replacement
in concrete. In this research, a combination of CF and marble dust (MD) has been investigated. Cubes were formed
for compressive strength and beams were formed for flexure strength tests using different percentages of cement, CF
and MD. It has been found that the com...
Tanveer Sultan1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Aqsa Qayyum2*, Amer Mumtaz2 and Naeem Khalid3
...to 1.72±0.04) and fiber contents (0.01±0.001 to 2.64±0.04) with the increment in buckwheat flour while moisture contents decreased significantly (4.63±0.04 to 3.80±0.04). The protein (8.93±0.03) and fat contents (3.01±0.06) were significantly higher in supplemented pasta having 50% buckwheat. However, it negatively influenced the cooking quality parameters (cooking time, loss of solids). The sensory scores empha...
Fei Wang1, Xianlai Zhang1, Youbao Zhong2, Xiaoen Tang3, Xiaofen Hu1,
ShanShan Yang1, Shengwei Zhong1, Zuohong Zhou1, Jin Liu1, Xu Yuan1
and Yong Li1*
...always contain VIP nerve fibers with deep staining. Unexpectedly, the results of RT-qPCR showed that the expression level is consistent with that of immunohistochemical detection. It is indicated VIP probably participate in the functional regulation of pigeon intestine as a key role and mediate the neuroendocrine and mucosal immune system as an information molecule due to the high expression of VIP. It will provide the basis for clarifying the biological funct...
Rabab Rafaqat1, Habib Ahmed Rathore1, Tariq Masud2, Imran Hayat1* and Imtiaz Hussain1
Determination of Different Chemical Constituents of Fruit, Leaves and Oil of Olea cuspidata (Wild Olive) Grown at Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
....33±1.4 %), crude fiber (4.40±0.3 and 10.0±0.9 %), crude protein (0.80±0.02 and 8.20±0.80 %), total oil (34.43±1.1 and 1.00±0.6 %), ash content (1.71±0.2 and 5.33±0.8%) and nitrogen free extract (10.47±1.9 and 22.14±2.2%), respectively. The higher level of TPC and TFC both in fruit and leaves was observed in methanol (80.10±1.5 mgGAE/g and 112.35±1.9 mgGAE/g) and (21.30&...
Iram Sharif1*, Amna Nazir1, Eram Shahzadi2, Shahid Munir Chohan3 and Ghulam Sarwar4
Influence of Sowing Dates on Cotton Growth (Gossypium hirsutum), Yield and Fiber Quality
...th, yield parameters and fiber quality of cotton and genotypic assessment in two sowing dates. The set of six genotypes was sown in two different dates viz., 10th April and 10th May in split plot design with three replications by allotting sowing dates in main plot and varieties in sub-plots. The results indicated that crop sown on 10th April produced more seed cotton yield (2881.1 kg ha-1) than sown on 10th May with (2212.9 kg ha-1). Comparing the average var...
Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1, Farrukh Ilahi1 and Muhammad Asif1
Fiber Quality Studies with Respect to Different Cotton Insect Pests using Multivariate Analysis
...nsect pests on different fiber quality traits. The ANOVA results depicted considerable variation in almost all traits. Fiber length was greatly influenced by the population of thrips, jassid, whitefly, pink bollworm and dusky cotton bug. Fiber fineness was influenced by the population of jassid, pink bollworm and dusky cotton bug while fiber strength was...
Moazam Ali1, Wajid Ali2, Ayhan Ceyhan2 and Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta3*
Pigmentation Genome Influence in Animals and Human Interventions in its Course of Action
...he color pigmentation of fiber, coat, and hairs in animals. Melanin production in an intricate course is under the control of Melanocortin 1 Receptor, alpha Melanocyte stimulating hormone and Agouti signaling gene. In most animals, three different alleles encoding melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor MC1R of extension (E) locus and ED allele determining the blackish coat color, a recessive e allele represented red coat color and the E+ wild-type allele give...
Muhammad Nauman, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mehreen Hanif, Hafsah Ghaffar, Muhammad Shahid and Syed Haroon Masood Bokhari
Management of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) by using Microwave Oven
...ich sources of proteins, fibers and minerals. This cereal crop has maximum proportion in daily basic diet of human in Pakistan. Disinfestation of wheat grains by using microwaves can be safe option than chemical control. Therefore, in this study a digital microwave oven of 50 Hz is used to determine the mortality of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) adults. Grain samples of 20 g in each petri dish were infested with both adults ...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj ud Din
Unraveling the Bioherbicidal Potential, Elemental Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Crataeva adansonii Dc Leaf and Bark
...ydrates, proteins, fats, fiber, ash, and moisture. The bioherbicidal potential of the proposed plant was evaluated through the Lemna minor model of phytotoxicity. C. adansonii is a source of several essential macro and micronutrients. A nutritional value analysis of this plant offers its use as a food source. Bioherbicidal/phytotoxic activity revealed significant results in the form of dose-dependent inhibition of frond growth. Ethanolic extract of C. adansoni...
Comparative Analysis of Muscle Development in Zebrafish with Different Intermuscular-Bo nes Patterns
Jian Yang1, Guangxiang Tong2, Zhipeng Sun2, Xianhu Zheng2, Weihua Lv2, Dingchen Cao2, Xiaowen Sun2 and Youyi Kuang2*
...l analyses of the muscle fiber showed that there were no significant differences in muscle fiber density between imbs mutant and WT zebrafish, and no significant differences between anterior and posterior part to the dorsal fin at the same developmental stages. In WT and mutants, the density of muscle fiber declined gradually over time. In conclusion, the lack of intermuscular-bones has no...
Mehreen Ijaz
Effect of Weave Type on Tensile Strength of Cotton Fabrics
... with different types of fibers and yarns for multiple reasons. It is very crucial to choose the right and appropriate type of construction technique for various functional purposes. Because it plays an important role in determining the performance behavior of finished fabric. Weaving is one of the commonly used technique and different types of weaves have different effects on mechanical and physical properties of fabrics. The study was experimental in nature....
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Aqeel Sarwar4, Abid Ali3, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ghulam Sarwar1
Quantitative Studies in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using Multivariate Techniques
...ic stresses and enhanced fiber quality. Forty five elite lines of cotton were used to evaluate the genetic variability for fifteen parameters viz., plant height (cms), days taken in 50% flowering, monopodia plant-1, sympodia plant-1, boll weight (g), No. of bolls plant-1, ginning out turn (%), lint index(g), seed index(g), 2.5 percent span length(mm), bundle strength(g/tex), micronaire (µg/in), fibre elongation (%), uniformity ratio and yield plant-1(g)....
Yasin Altay1, Saim Boztepe2, Ecevit Eyduran3, İsmail Keskin2, Mohammad Masood Tariq4*, Farhat Abbas Bukhari4 and Irshad Ali4
...e length (SL), number of fibers (F) and average number of crimps over a length of 5 cm (ANC) were considered as possible predictors. To guarantee the highest predictive accuracy of the CHAID algorithm, minimum animal numbers in parent and child nodes were thought as 4 and 2. Model fit statistics showed the powerful predictive performance of the CHAID and MARS algorithms, but MARS outperformed CHAID. Considering the regression tree diagram generated by CHAID al...
Ghulam Sarwar1, Amna Nazir1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Eram Shahzadi2 and Abid Mahmood3
...i> L.) is utmost natural fiber used in textile industry. Awareness about genetic diversity is very essential for fruitful genetic improvement approaches. Correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analyses were performed to estimate genetic diversity in 25 cotton genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed that days to first square, flower and boll opening were positively associated with seed cotton yield. Staple length and CLCuV % were negativel...
Muhammad Naeem1,2, Nasir Rajput1,2, Sher Ali3, Asmatullah Kaka2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Mehvish Rajput2 and Tian Wang1,*
..., ash and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents; lower (P<0.05) organic matter (OM) than AH and CWR, the ether extract (EE) were higher and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were lower (P<0.05) in AH and TRS-II, while the crude protein (CP) were higher and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were lower (P<0.05) in AH than other groups. The concentration of acetate, butyrate and iso-butyrate were almost similar in TRS-II, A...
Qiang Tang1 and Qianli Tang2*
...th of subdermal collagen fibers also decreased (p<0.001), inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in skin tissue increased (all p<0.001), and expression levels of Ang-1 and Tie-2 proteins in skin tissue decreased (both p<0.001). Compared with model group, thickness of epidermis, dermis and collagen fibers, and expression levels of Ang-1 and Tie-2 proteins in skin tissue in isoliqui...
Sheza Shehzadi1, Mohammad Umar Farooq2*, Rukhsana Kausar1, Ijaz Ali1*, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Maqbool Shahbaz4
...g protein content, crude fiber, ether extract, and total digestible nutrients. Significant results were obtained by applying ANOVA test on the data retrieved. All three factors (BP, CC and CS) showed maximum results after 60 days of growth. The result indicated that after the 60 days interval the animal unit per month gave the maximum fodder (7.0667 AU/M/Ha) that proposed to be grazed for large ruminants and then 21 small ruminants on the same biomass and also...
Sadaqat Khan1,Saleem Ullah1* and Muhammad Sajid2
...ike moisture, ash, crude fiber, crude protein, crude fat ranged from 92.082 to 92.317, 3.097 to 3.85, 4.9133 to 5.2717, 5.0133 to 5.2867, 1.08 to 1.24, 0.0236 to 1.9567 g/100g and that of fruits with lesser values were also affected significantly (P<0.05). From the present study it was concluded that Se applied in the form of sodium selenite in irrigation and foliar spray considerably affected the physical parameter of tomato hybrid Salar F1, followed by pr...
Suwati Suwati1, ErniRomansyah1,*, Syarifudin Syarifudin1, Yahya Jani2, Agus Heri Purnomo3,
Damat Damat4 and Erkata Yandri5,6
...bohydrate, protein, fat, fiber and ash, vitamin, and beta-carotene. Right drying methods are needed to preserve the quality of dried seaweed. This study aims to compare the trend of weight reduction in seaweed during drying by natural and cabinet methods. The methods were used experimentally in the field and laboratory. And the data were analyzed using simple linear regression to formulate a trend of reduction in the weight of seaweed while drying. The results...
Aysha Riaz* and Said Wahab
...trients namely proteins, fibers and minerals. Keeping in view the nutritional importance of moringa leaves powder, the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of moringa leaves enrichment on the overall quality of whole wheat flour biscuits. Composite flours were made by incorporating moringa leaves powder in different ratios (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) in whole wheat flour. Biscuits were prepared from the composite flours and were analyzed for physic...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Allah Rakha2,Jawad Ul Hassan2, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, A. Shakoor3, Muhammad Bakhtiar4, Muhammad Noman Khan5,Shoaib Khan5, Ibrar Ahmad6, Shabir Ahmed7 andWang Yunyang1*
... effect on ash and crude fiber were significant when 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% mushroom powder based muffin were prepared. The effect of mushroom powder supplementations on loaf weight of muffin was significant and resulted in gradual decrease. However, the effect on loaf volume of muffins was non-significant. The effects of mushroom powder on texture and color value of muffin were highly significant. The results of sensory evaluation showed that muffin prepar...
Tanay Dineshkumar Shah
...ch source of protein and fiber and have very low calories and low cholesterol. Days are not far when mushrooms will be a regular alternative to vegetables for many vegetarians. India is having a favorable environmental condition to grow mushrooms. Hence various varieties of mushrooms are grown in different regions of India. However, the per capita consumption of mushroom in India is very less as compared to other countries though mushroom has many health benef...
Arshad Mehmood Khattak1, Saleem Ullah1*, Farida Anjum2, Hamid U. Shah1 and Sahib Alam1
... high in Lawaghar, Crude fiber (6.60) in KK-2, Crude protein in Chattan (7.87) while Crude fat (2.22) was high in KK-1. Among the edible parts, Moisture (85.54) and Ash (3.54) were high in Green grains while Crude fiber (6.38), Crude protein (8.29) and Crude fat (1.99) were maximum in Tender leaves. Mineral (mgKg-1) content of the cultivars showed that Na (38.3), Pb (0.30) and Cu (0.09) were high in Sheenghar, Cr (0.36), Ni ...
Imran Tarique1*, Muhammad Ghiasuddin Shah1, Illahi Bux Kalhoro1,
Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani2, Mansoor Tariq 2, Jamil Ahmed Gandahi1,
Saqib Ali Fazlani3 and Benazir Sahito3
..., collagen and reticular fibers. Superficial dermal papillary layer was located beneath the epidermis, whereas dermal reticular layer deeper above the hypodermis. The papillary and reticular dermis was well developed in adult male age group with abundant areolar and dense irregular connective tissue all skin regions. Skin appendages (sebaceous and sweat gland, and hair follicle) was well developed and distributed in papillary and reticular layer in adul...
Tanweer Fatah Abro1, Asif Ali Kaloi1, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Tarique Ahmed Baloch2, Tanveer Ali Soomro1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1 and Waqar Hussain Shah4
...morphological, yield and fiber quality related traits in upland cotton. Significant differences were observed among genotypes, parents, F4 populations and parents x F4 populations for all the studied attributes which articulated greater genetic variation in the breeding material. Heritability estimates were moderate to high for all the traits. The F4 population CRIS-134 x FH-113 displayed the highest heritability estimates for plant height (95.24%). The maximu...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal1*, Saghir Ahmad1, Athar Mahmood2, Muhammad Akram1, Hammad Husnain1, Muhammad Shahid1, Saeed Ahmad1, Ali Raza1, Ansar Hussain3, Allah Ditta Abid4, Qaisar Abbas5, Mussarrat Hussain5, Muhammad Akram6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan2
...at seed cotton yield and fiber strength was more when cotton was planted early between 1st March to 16th April compared to late planted cotton (1st May to 16th June). Highest seed cotton yield was obtained when cotton was sown on 1st April during first year (3946 kg ha-1) and 16th March during second year (3307 kg ha-1). Minimum seed cotton yield (852, 299 kg ha-1) during both years was obtained when cotton was sown on 16th June. Among cotton genotypes highest...
Nelson D. Zambrano1, Wilber Arteaga1, José Velasquez2 and Dorys T. Chirinos1*
...ly for the production of fiber for the textile industry and is attacked by different insect pests, therefore it is produced with frequent pesticide applications. Research was conducted to evaluate the effect of lambda cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam on the incidence of insect pests and its associated natural enemies. Results revealed that populations of B. tabaci were higher in plots treated with lambda cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam associated with low levels of paras...
Lala Rukh1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Tusneem Kausar1, Mian Anjum Murtaza1, Muhammad Luqman2*, Muhammad Bilal Shahid1 and Amal Shaukat3
... rich source of protein, fiber, carbohydrates and fat with good digestibility properties. Date pit powder and soy protein isolate incorporation enhanced the total antioxidants and DPPH activity in soy date bars however, decreasing trend was observed in total antioxidants and inhibition of DPPH radical activity during 90 days of storage. Based on the results, it has been suggested that date bars may be considered as a source to meet the energy requirements of h...
Asim Mushtaq1*, Asra Nafees1, Raza Muhammad Khan1, Amina Israr1 and Zaeem Uddin Ali2
... and high composition of fibers. At high weight fraction, the long fibers during mixing a formed pile of hair-like structure in concrete cylinder thus not helping the PFRC increase its strength. The utilization of fibers in cement can result in bond setting aside to 10 percent, and within sight of fly residue, saving might be up to 35 percent. All these benefits result in the overall enhan...
Muhammad Dawood1,2, Naeem Sarwar2, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3*, Faiz Hussain4, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Muhammad Akram4, Hammad Husnain5, Muhammad Shahid5, Mussarrat Hussain6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...ents (12.54 %) and grain fiber contents (4.15 %) followed by Ujala-2015 and Punjab-2011 and Fsd-2008, however, cultivar, SH-2002 and Auqab-2000 performed poorly in terms of yield and quality. These results suggested that wheat cultivars i.e. Galaxy-2013, Ujala-2015, Punjab-2011 can grow successfully under Faisalabad conditions for getting good yield and quality. Moreover, these cultivars can also be used in future breeding programs for development of high yiel...
Jia Liu1, Zhen Wang1, Zifan Ning1, Ali Mujtaba Shah2,3,Qing Zhu1, Yan Wang1, Huadong Yin1, Zhichao Zhang1, Lu Zhang1, Yaofu Tian1, Diyan Li1,Gang Shu2,4, Lin Ye1 and Xiaoling Zhao1,*
...nes that may modulate myofiber growth and thus explain some of the differences in the skeletal muscle phenotype of FG and SG chickens. We collected pectoralis major (PM) and gastrocnemius muscles (GM) on d 1, 7, 28, 49, and 70 post-hatch, and measured the weights of the muscles, diameter and, a density of myofibers, and the expression abundances of MyoD, MyoG, IGF-1, and Pax7. The body weight of F...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Muhammad Arif1, Abdul Rehman1, Imtiaz Hussain1, Abdul Waheed2, Gabriele Marino3 and Michela Pugliese3
... (ME), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) did not show any treatment effect. However, the intake of rumen un-degradable protein, lysine, methionine, and threonine reduced linearly (P<0.01) with decreasing concentrations of these nutrients in the experimental diets. A linear increase (P<0.01) in DM, NDF and ADF degradabilites was recorded with gradually decreased dietary RUP and EAA concentrati...
Longjun Guo*, Jiaqi Teng, Juan Wang and Yukun Chen
...etastasis of brain nerve fibers or white matter. In terms of leukoaraiosis degree, FA decreased. Where, DR increased, AMO decreased, Dave and DAx remained unchanged. Most FA reduction observed in white matter was observed in the corpus callosum. In the end we concluded τ protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid can enable identification of the occurrence of LA symptoms to a certain extent. Its combined use with DTI, an important tool for non-invasive anal...
Aftab Ahmad Sheikh1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Belqees Akhter1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Abdul Manan Saeed2
...at, crude protein, crude fiber, phosphorus, and calcium contents were envaulted at the physiological maturity of crop, four months after the sowing of crop. Results revealed that water salinity adversely affected the quantitative and qualitative attributes of sorghum crop and negative effects were more pronounced with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1). Irrigation with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1) decresed the plant height (9%), fresh fodde...
Samaria Nisar1, Tariq Manzoor Khan1, Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal1, Rahmat Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3*, Saghir Ahmad3, Amna Bibi3, Hafeez ur Rehman4, Umar Farooq4 and Muhammad Zubair Ishaq5
...00SW), yield/plant (YP), fiber fineness (FF), fiber length (FL), and fiber strength (FS) all revealed substantial variation in the analysis of variance (FS). The goal of this research was to quantify variability and conduct a correlation analysis to see potential for selection in the F2 population. Plant height (cm) was found to have a positive relationship with boll weight, bolls/plant, <...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2,3*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...els of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on feed intake, nutrients digestibility, rumen parameters and nitrogen retention of crossbred beef cattle (Black Angus × Zebu crossbred). Four male cattle at 17.5±1.78 (Mean±SD) months of age with an average live weight of 262±20.5 kg (Mean±SD) was allocated in a 4x4 Latin square design. The treatments were 47, 51, 55 and 59% NDF in diets corresponding to NDF47, NDF51, NDF55 and NDF59 treat...
K.M. Injarul Haque, Sharmeen Islam*, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan, Md. Ruhul Amin
...t dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), and ash were declined (p<0.05) in all the treatments (T1, T2, and T3) compared to control T0. In the consideration of results among all the treatments, T2 and T3 up to 28 days were desirable for the preparation of silage. To sum up, rumen content can be utilized in rice straw and napier leftovers in silage preparation which provides a low-cost quality ruminant feed by reducing the environmental pollut...
Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sehar Khalid3, Rimsha Kanwal2, Iqra Ameer1, Sadia Nawaz1 Aamir Khan4, Abid Ur Rehman5, Muqaddas Kousar6, Shafa Ullah Khan7 and Nadia Nazir7
...buted randomly into four fiber glass tanks in triplicates (each tank contains 10 fishes). The experimental diet was prepared with variant concentration of mushroom such as 0% (control group) and 2%, 4% and 6% of extractions for the other three groups. Duration of the experimental work was six weeks. Water quality parameters including temperature was 29 ± 0.5, DO: 5.7 ± 0.04 and pH: 7.5. Results revealed that the 6% Agaricus bisporus has shown hig...
Tintin Rostini1*, Irwan Zakir1, Danang Biyatmoko2
...F), and acidic detergent fiber (ADF), average daily body weight gain, feed conversion, and blood metabolic profile (total protein, glucose, cholesterol, Ca and P). A mixture of yeast and curcuma supplementation from local feed-based rations significantly improved the performance of the Jawarandu Goat. concluded that the use of 0.5% yeast and 2% temulawak was the best in goat ration supplementation. Based on the results, it was concluded that the use of yeast ...
Tran Thi Bich Ngoc1,2, Ninh Thi Huyen1,2, Nguyen Cong Oanh2, Pham Kim Dang2*
...atter, neutral detergent fiber, and phosphorus than those fed CONT diet. A significant decrease in ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations were observed in diets with PROB or ORAC or PROR, with lower values for PROR diet. In conclusion, in grower-finisher pigs, dietary supplementation of either PROB or ORAC as a single product or their combination had improvements in performance parameters, nutrient digestibility, and fecal NH3 and H2S emission...
Damat Damat1*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Juris Burlakovs3, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile4,
Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Rista Anggriani1 and Anas Tain5
...re added to increase the fiber content. A disadvantage of analog rice is its bland taste, which can be improved by adding spices and seaweed, expected to increase the functional value. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of various seaweed pulp concentrations and spice formulations on the characteristics of analog rice. Various formulas of concentrated seaweed pulp (5 g, 10 g, and 15 g) and spice formulations (onion, garlic, ginger, turmeri...
Wafaa M.A. Ghoneem, Reham R. El-Tanany and Adel E.M. Mahmoud*
...(%) of dry matter, crude fiber, ether extract, nitrogen-free extract, and feeding value expressed as digestible crude protein. And there were insignificant (P<0.05) differences between G1 and G2 in the digestibility (%) of OM, CP, ADF, and TDN values. While the highest nutrients digestibility and nutritive value were recorded in G3 (2% zeolite addition) Rumen parameters were in the normal range and with insignificant (P<0.05) differences among groups. Th...
Sozan A.A. Ismaeil1*, Hassan Emam2
...r, collagen, and elastic fibers with silver, Crossman, and Orcein stains respectively and faint positive reaction with PAS while in the liver of Ibis was vice versa. This study aims to understand normal gross anatomy and histology of the liver in Young Homing Pigeons and Cattle Egrets. It can be concluded that the presence of gall bladder and absence of it and habit of feeding significantly affected the gross and histological structure of the liver.
Ke...
Mohamed Ali Zayed
...er showing intact muscle fibers, however the lambs that drinking saline water showing relative atrophy of muscle fibers. While LD muscle of lambs which drinking fresh water showing normal muscle fibers shape, but muscle of lambs that drinking saline water showing relative hypertrophy of muscle fibers. A micrograph of a section TB muscle of ...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
... larva, pupae, adult and fiber. For this purpose, sericulture productivity has been impressively modulated by fertilizing the silkworm’s diet with natural food supplements or exogenous nutrients like Amway protein, honey, bovine milk, sericin, probiotics (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Spirulina), vitamins (C and E), royal jelly, ascorbic acid, cowpea seed powder, Ag...
Mubashir Ali Rather1, Ambreen Hamadani2*, Syed Shanaz2, Nusrat Nabi2, Showkat Ahanger1, H. Hamadani2, Ruksana Shah2
... fleece per annum with a fiber diameter of 18-22 µ. The estimates of greasy fleece yield of first clip (GFY-1), staple length (SL), fiber diameter (FD), crimps per cm (CPC), and medullation were 0.82±0.03 to 1.20±0.02 kg, 3.43±0.10 to 5.22±0.11 cm, 20.04±0.02 to 20.99±0.08 µ, 4.35±0.02 to 4.87±0.20 and 0.10±0.01%, respectively for Kashmir Merino sheep...
Hafeez-ur-Rehman1*, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Saghir Ahmad2, Muhammad Akram2, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Shahid2, Muhammad Mehmood Iqbal2, Ali Raza2 and Muhammad Iqbal2
...r agro-morphological and fiber quality traits in both irrigation regimes. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed existence of considerable genotypic variations for studied traits. Genotypes with high GMP and low DSI were selected as potential drought-tolerant genotypes. Under drought stress condition, cotton yield had a strong positive association with NBP, PH and significantly positive with BW; whereas negative with GOT, FS. These results depict that NBP, PH and...
Nuraini Nuraini*, Mirzah Mirzah, Yuliaty Shafan Nur, Harnentis Harnentis
...rotein but contains high fiber. Therefore, fermentation with lignocellulolytic fungi was carried out to improve the nutritional quality of Azolla microphylla. This research has 2 phases. Phase 1, determination of the best types of lignocellulolytic fungi on the nutrient quality of fermented Azolla microphylla. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments were the types of fungi, namely Lentinus edodes, Pleuro...
Ahmed Alazzouni1, Ashraf Al-Brakati2,*, Sherif Rabie1, Mohamed Gabry1 and Basmaa Hassan1
... cell counts and elastic fiber area percent in a benzene-induced leukaemia model. To conclude Moringa oleifera, curcumin, and green tea extracts could be used as natural chemotherapeutic agents and as adjuvants to ameliorate histopathological changes associated with leukemia....
Aiman Al Mufarji, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*
...(47.82%), fat (7.57) and fiber (28.35%). In addition, fatty acid profiles were saturated fatty acids (3.76%), unsaturated fatty acids (3.79), monounsaturated fatty acids (2.39%), polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.76%) and trans fatty acids (0.64%). Upon supplementation to ewes, M. oleifera leaves caused significant changes in hematological (RBCs, WBCs, Ht and Hb) and plasma biochemistry (total protein, albumin, urea, liver enzymes) parameters. It could be conclud...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2,3*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...priate neutral detergent fiber (NDF) levels in the crossbred beef cattle diets for improving the growth rate and roughage utilization. In the first experiment, four male Charolais crossbred cattle (Charolais x Zebu crossbred) with 17.6±1.49 months of age and 255±30.1 kg live weight (mean±SD) were used in a 4x4 Latin square design. Four treatments were 47, 51, 55, and 59% NDF in diets (DM basis) corresponding to NDF47, NDF51, NDF55 and NDF5...
Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree1*, Pornpan Saenphoom1, Sittichai Bunlue1, Silchai Washiraomornlert1, Warangkana Kitpipit2,3,4, Soranot Chotnipat1
...er, ether extract, crude fiber, and crude protein (p<0.05). The supplementation of TABP combined with probiotics increased the lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus sp., and volatile fatty acids (p < 0.05) and decreased Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli in the cecum of different treatment to control groups (p < 0.05). In addition, TABP combined with probiotics supplementation increased the villus height, villus surface area, and the depth of the crypt...
Preparation and Evaluation of Cattle Feed by Ensiling Wet Rice Straw, Market Fish Waste and Molasses
Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman
..., dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF) were reduced and the crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, ME, OMD were elevated significantly with MFW and ensiling time (P<0.05). Comparing the parameters, T2 and T3 were preferable to prepare silages as cattle feed. Finally, it can be summed up that market fish waste is a valuable resource for the preservation of rice straw which provides farmers with cheap and environmentally friendly cattle feed.
Keywo...
Muhammad Zeeshan Nadeem1, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid1 and Muhammad Anwar ul Haq2
...er crude proteins, crude fiber contents, ash contents and ether extractable fat were increased prominently by CaCl2 over the other priming agents. Among the cultivars, Sargodha Bajra 2011 performed better than other cultivars it showed better adaptability for more pearl millet fodder yield and quality. Therefore, seed priming with CaCl2 can be used to increase pearl millet fodder yield and quality to overcome the fodder scarcity under semi-arid regions....
Imtiaz Ahmed*, Imran Khan and Zia Ud Din
...ibility”. The ash, fiber and protein content increased significantly while the carbohydrate content had significantly lower values (p, for all trends < 0.05) as the ratio of incorporation increased when compared with the control sample (data not shown here). The CWB also showed significantly (P<0.05) higher phenolic and total flavonoids content. Furthermore,CWB showed significantly (P<0.05) higher antioxidant activity, low starch digestibility a...
Hui Xu1,*, Ronghua Luo1, Yaping Duan1, Mingjia Chen1, Jiaxu Zhou1 and Xiaoli Shao2
...igate the role of bronchofiberoscope-assisted lavage combined with azithromycin in regulating the pulmonary function and Th17/Treg of peripheral blood in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). From January 2018 to January 2020, 114 children with MPP in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group and experimental group, each containing 57 cases. The control group was given azithromycin. The experimental group was given fibro...
Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik1, Khalid Usman1*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Saad1, Said Ghulam2 and Azmat Ullah1
...nd quality traits except fiber micronaire. Potassium fertilizer (soil-applied) at 250 kg ha-1 along with five foliar sprays of K2SO4 produced higher plant height, sympodial branches plant-1, bolls plant-1, 100 cotton seed weight, seed cotton yield, ginning outturn, fiber length, and fiber strength compared to other K-levels. Moreover, tillage × potassium interaction indicated that re...
Taufiq Bachtiar1, Muftia Hanani2, Anisiyah2, Winda Puspitasari2, Wahidin Teguh Sasongko3, Teguh Wahyono4*
...or nutrient composition, fiber content, and in vitro digestibility after cultivation in pH 4.0 and 5.4 soils. The experiment was arranged factorially in a completely randomized block design. The experimental factors were soybean genotype and soil pH. Results showed significant (p < 0.001) differences in fiber content, non-fiber carbohydrate content, and in vitro dry matter digestibility...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Kamran Javed1 and Imran Akhtar2
...unts plant-1 (0.778) and fiber length (0.480) indicated strong positive loading trend, whereas fiber fineness (-0.742) and ginning out turn (-0.709) showed negative loading attitude towards PC-2. The correlation analysis indicated presence of significant (0.632) association at (p<0.01) between fiber fineness and ginning out turn. Whereas disease index showed negative association with al...
Razaq Adekunle Animashahun1*, Gbenga Emmanuel Onibi2, Samuel Olanrewaju Aro2, Oghenerobor Benjamin Akpor3, Funmilayo Abimbola Okeniyi1, Olayinka Olubunmi Alabi1, Michael Babatunde Falana1, Ayoola John Shoyombo1, Samuel Oyewale Olawoye1
...), ash, and lowest crude fiber (CF) in fermented cassava stumps were obtained at 192 hours of fermentation with the following values CP 7.45%, EE 9.81% and ash 7.01%. A similar trend was also observed for mineral enhancement and anti-nutrient degradation. Conclusively, this study showed that solid-state fermentation using Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) strain can effectively enhance the nutritive value of cassava stumps which can help increase the feed resourc...
Ayesha Saeed1*, Farzana Kishwar2, Ahsan Nazir3, Sharjeel Abid4, Muhammad Abiodullah5, and Danial Ali6
...ibacterial dry sheet nanofiber mask loaded with leaf extracts of MA and HRS as antibacterial agents in SA/PVA nanofibers through electrospinning method, which was just wet before its application. Leaf extracts were used at three concentration levels (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of optimized nanofibers with diameter range from &plusm...
Rani Winardi Wulan Sari1, Novirman Jamarun2*, Suyitman3, Khasrad4, Elihasridas2, James Hellyward5, Gusri Yanti1
...ents, nutrient and cells fiber digestibility, rumen fluid characteristic, and gas production using an in vitro methodology. Samples of Hay Mangrove Leaves (HML) (Rhizophora apiculaca) and Native Grass (NG) were arranged into dietary tretmeants (Dry Matter (DM) Basic). The experimental design used is a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments with 5 replications. The treatment was P1=60% Hay Mangrove Leaves (HML)+40% Native Grass (NG), P2=50% HML+50% ...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Naila Chand1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...rude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), and fat were recorded higher in the control group during all the three phases. It is concluded that the different levels of soybean hull in the basal diet resulted in lower production performance and nutrient digestibility than the control group....
Qingyue Han1, Ying Li1, Jichang Deng1, Kunxuan Huang1, Yanyang Yang1, Quanwei Li1, Zhuowei Zhang1, Na Qiao1, Yanju Ji2, Khalid Mehmood3, Sarfaraz Ali Fazlani4, Hui Zhang1 and Zhaoxin Tang1*
...ent of myocardial muscle fiber, while vitamins D3 can improve the decrease of cardiac index and development of myocardial fiber due to low calcium supplementation. The expression profile of IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP3, PCNA and ki67 genes were down regulated in LCa group as compared to control group; while the vitamin D3 supplementation significantly up regulated the above genes expression. In conclusion, our findings suggested that ...
Antonius1,3, Anuraga Jayanegara2*, Komang Gede Wiryawan2, Simon Petrus Ginting3, Anjas Asmara Samsudin4, Elizabeth Wina5
...er, crude protein, crude fiber and crude fat. The T1 and T2 treatments resulted higher (P<0.05) average daily gain of 52.87% and 48.05% than that of control, respectively. The mutton tenderness level of T1 increased from tough scale in the control treatment to quite tender. In conclusion, gambir leaf extract addition did not negatively affect palatability and nutrient intake, increased average daily gain for Boerka goats, increased tenderness, and maintaine...
Khunsa Khakwani1*, Muhammad Asif1, Zaheer Ahmed2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Yasmeen Abbassi2 and Ghulam Murtaza2
...accounts for 75 % of the fiber mix in textile industry products. Fiber yield and quality are very crucial parameters for a cotton breeding program. Five varieties namely FH-414, FH-415, FH-490, FH-492, and FH-ANMOL were used as lines and crossed with three testers namely NIAB- SANAM, CIM-602, and EYE-111 during the year 2019-20. Data was recorded for plant height (PH), number of monopodial branches (MB), number of sympodial ...
Mian Shamas Murtaza1,*, Aysha Sameen2, Saima Rafique3, Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Nabeela Gulzar4, Mian Anjum Murtaza5, Umar Farooq1 and Iram Hafiz6
...loric value, add dietary fiber and endorse prebiotic effects. These are frequently used in industrially processed dairy as a bulking agent for fat replacement, textural modifications and organoleptic improvements. Hence, these can be fruitfully be used in manufacturing different kind of cheeses to have reduced or low fat, texturized or symbiotic product. Present study designed to evaluate the effect of different levels of inulin and resistant starch in low fat...
Muhammad Nadeem1*, Aneeta Rehman1, Masooma Munir1*, Hira Fatima2, Faiqa Malik1, Aqsa Iqbal1 and Alaiha Asif3
...ure, crude protein, fat, fiber, ash and NFE contents for treatments ranges from 5.45-7.27%, 4.02-5.25%, 1.77-2.81%, 1.48-2.97%, 1.28-1.93% and 82.69-83.09%, respectively. The microbial analysis of fruit bars showed that mean values of TPC changed gradually from 1.64 to 2.31 log10 CFU / g during 90 days of storage. The mean values for sensory assessment indicated that T1 was preferred over the other treatments in terms of overall acceptability, color, taste, fl...
Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1*, Sony A. E. Moningkey1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
... (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD), NH3 synthesis and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were analyzed. The highest dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), NH3 concentration and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (ESPM) were found in T2 group (64.04%, 65.05%,...
Shaker Al-Suwaiegh
... protein (32.83%), crude fiber (13.6%), ether extract (1.17%) and ash (3.89%). Upon feeding, replacement diet with 20.0% Azolla pinnata caused significant increase in feed efficiency and body weight gain. In addition, the plasma metabolites (total protein, globulin, and urea) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium) were improved due to 20.0% Azolla pinnata feeding. In conclusion, Azolla pinnata contain high protein compounds and other compo...
Mishal Bano1, Amir Shakeel1, Waqar-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Nouman Khalid1*, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Muhammad Sajid Sharif3, Sadia Kanwal2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Amna Bibi2 and Ifrah Amjad1
...ed density, seed volume, fiber fineness, fiber strength, and fiber length. For plant height, fibre strength, and seed density, Tarzon-05 stood out among the lines as a very effective general combiner. For the number of bolls per plant, the number of sympodial and monopodial branches, the number of nodes on the first fruiting branch, seed cotton yield and the lint percentage, VH-329 demonst...
Kainat Bibi1*, Sajjad Khan1, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani1, Fahad Karim Awan1 and Sajid Ali2
...in and 2.41 % more crude fiber fat were recorded in organically grown wheat. Therefore, for high quality and environment safe production of wheat, organic fertilizer may be applied at recommended rates (compost 12 t ha-1, poultry manure 6 t ha-1 and farmyard manure (12.5 t ha-1)....
Nguyen Thi Kim Dong1*, Nguyen Van Thu2 , Nguyen Hoang Qui3
...f ether extract (EE) and fiber fractions increased with increasing levels of SBP. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), and nitrogen-free extract (NFE), as well as nitrogen retention, decreased linearly with increasing SBP (P <0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of the majority of individual amino acids was greater than their apparent ileal digestibility (P <0.05). Individual amino a...
USMAN AHMAD*1, AMTUL JAMIL SAMI1, MADEEHA KARAMAT1, MADEEHA KHALID1, FAIZAN NAEEM2 & MUHAMMAD JAMIL YOUSAF3
...saccharide, is a dietary fiber and widely utilized in gel forming. To study the structural aspects of these various polymeric webs were categorized with FTIR, SEM and release related experiments such as swelling kinetics, swelling ratio and drug kinetics and the impact of pH on the release of insulin from medicated hydrogels has been concentrated to evaluate the medication discharge instrument in-vitro and in-vivo. Fickian diffusion mechanisms have been read f...
Arief1, Roni Pazla2*, Rizqan1, Novirman Jamarun2
...estibility of fat, crude fiber, and nitrogen-free extracts (NFE), and the correlations between fat intake and milk fat contents, crude fat intake, and milk fat content and between NFE intake and milk lactose contents. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on production, fat content, milk lactose, intake, and digestibility of fat, crude fiber, and NFE but there was a relationship between fat intake w...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Ziaul Islam2, Assar Ali Shah3 and Saad Ullah1
...d higher(P<0.05)crude fiber, ash, cellulose, and hemicellulose content for diets containing soybean hull (SH) at 3, 6, and 9% compared to the basal diet. Egg weight and egg quality parameters during different phases were not affected among the treatment groups. Total revenue and profit during all phases (phases 1, 2, and 3) while cost-benefit ratio during phase-1 and 2 were recorded significantly higher for the control group than all other treatment groups....
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay, Stormy Vertygo
...ed due to its high crude fiber content of 14-16%. One of the methods to reduce crude fiber is through anaerobic fermentation, which requires carbon from soluble carbohydrates such as palmyra sap and nitrogen from Non-Protein Nitrogen such as urea. This experiment aimed to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and nutrient content of rice bran fermented anaerobically for six days. This experiment used a Completely Randomi...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Oriyanti Br Situngkir1, Yan Heryandi2, Takayuki Ohnuma3, Yose Rizal1
...ioides [L]R.Br) on crude fiber digestibility, nitrogen retention, and energy metabolism in broiler chicken. The study used 30 broiler male chickens with an average body weight of 1.5 kg at five weeks of age. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) of a 3x3 factorial pattern which was repeated three times. Factor A (type of pellet binder): A1 (brown seaweed), A2 (taro tuber), and A3 (tapioca flour), then factor B (dosag...
Munasik*, Titin Widiyastuti, Caribu Hadi Prayitno
...at, crude protein, crude fiber, NFE, calcium and phosphor, and anti-nutritional phytic acid. The results showed that the fermentation process using red oncom mushrooms enriched with Na-glutamate improved the nutritional level of the cassava-tofu dreg mixture. Although the NFE content decreased, the crude fiber content increased, and the amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and protein significantly increased (P < 0.05). Furthe...
Imran Ahmad
...zing high moisture, high fiber, and viscous products of intermediate nature....
Indira Jurinskaya1*, Tynyshtyk Kenzhebaeva2, Kairat Iskakov3, Bekzat Niyazbekov1
...he thickness of the down fiber was 0.3 and 0.5 microns thinner in experimental animals, and, as a result, had a higher comfort factor.
...
...
Khalil1*, Dwi Ananta1, Andri Bachtiar2, Hermon3
...fraction, proximate, and fiber fraction content were determined. The nutritive values of stored rice straws were evaluated by feeding four male Indonesian-indigenous Pesisir cattle in a 4x4 Latin Square design. There were four experimental diets: basal diet + fresh rice straw (FRS), basal diet + stacking-supplemented rice straw (SSRS), basal diet +rolling-supplemented rice straw (RSRS), and basal diet + wrapping-supplemented rice straw (WSRS). The diets were f...
Fuji Astuty Auza1*, Sri Purwanti2, Jasmal A. Syamsu2, Asmuddin Natsir2, Rusli Badaruddin1, Deki Zulkarnain1, La Ode Muh. Munadi1
...ity of crude protein and fiber. Based on these results, BSF larvae flour was recommended as an alternative protein source to replace fish meal in the diet of village chicken. ...
Rizki Palupi*, Arfan Abrar, Fitri Nova Liya Lubis, Yuni Kurniati, Bianca Ikriza Octa Nadia Putri
... crude protein and crude fiber), hematological status and blood malondialdehyde levels in blood of broiler chickens. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and further tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this study indicated that the CCI had a significant (P<0.05) effect on nutrient digestibility, hematological status and malondialdehyde levels in blood of broiler chicken. The CCI at a level of 10% in the ration increased hemoglobin levels by 1...
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4, Hafandi Ahmad1, Norhariani Mohd Nor1, Goh Yong Meng1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Norafizah Abdul Rahman5,6, Agung Irawan7,9, Anuraga Jayanegara8,9, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3,9*
...roteins but low in crude fiber compared to diets B and A. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and their molars proportion, gas production, total fatty acids, total bacteria count, and total protozoa count increased in parallel with the concentrate levels in Diets B and C (P < 0.05) in both breeds. The result also revealed that Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes showed comparable rumen fermentation patterns when treated with the same dietary treatments, but Swam...
Yao Xixi1, Zhou Rui2* and Ma Yinshan3
...ion (P<0.05) of crude fiber and crude ash with CLA content in milk of grazing yak was recorded, while no significant correlation (P>0.05) of PUFAs and tvfa with CLA content was observed. This study is helpful to improve the grazing management of alpine grassland and the production performance of yaks (milk yield and milk quality)....
Elihasridas, Mardiati Zain*, Roni Pazla, Simel Sowmen, Qurrata Aini
...otein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose, and hemicelluloses in the ammoniated aromatic lemongrass waste samples was evaluated by incubating them on in-vitro media at 39ºC/48 h. The analysis of variance following a 5 x 4 randomized block design was used. The results revealed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the digestibility of ammoniated aromatic lemongrass waste in the rumen. The degradati...
Wizna1, Rusfidra2, Robi Amizar3, Romi Andika1, Muhammad Haikal1, Zurmiati1*
...er, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus were measured. The dose of B. amyloliquefaciens and fermentation time significantly effect (p<0.05) the total colony count of Bacillus sp. in the fermented product, but there was no interaction. The dose of B. amyloliquefaciens had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the water content, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and calcium. In addition, the dose of B. amyloliquefaciens and fermen...
Sherein H. Mohamed1, Soad El Naggar2*, Ayman A. Hassan3, Mohamed A.M. Mousa3, Mohamed M. Basyony3, Mohamed F. Sadek3, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed4, Saadia M. Hashem5
... of crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, nitrogen balance, acetic acid and propionic acid, the aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria (Lactobacillus spp.) in all treatment groups. Concurrently, they showed increase (P<0.05) in total protein, albumin, and globulin, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione p...
Reza Esmaealzade Dizaji1, Arasb Dabbagh Moghaddam1*, Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi2, Mohamad Foad Heydari3, Seyyed Javad Hosseini Shokouh4 and Ana Shirzad Shahrivar5
... of bioactive nano-glass fibers (BNF) loaded with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was used to examine the effects on a second-degree heat wound and the healing process’ sub-streaming molecular route for re-epithelialization. Model (deep second-degree thermal wound), PRP, and PRP/BNF groups were each randomly assigned a set of animals. Wounds were monitored daily for many days following therapy to see how they were healing. H&E staining and qRT-PCR were us...
Saeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Iqbal1*, Muhammad Akram1, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid1, Muhammad Shahid1, Taj Muhammad1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah1, Zunera Saeed2 and Mazhar Ali3
...c matter improves yield, fiber quality and seed germination of cotton. The present studies were conducted at Cotton Research Station Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan during 2016 to find out the impact of organic matter on growth and yield of cotton. Farm yard manure and green manuring of berseem was done for consecutive four years to improve soil organic matter from initial organic matter of 0.7% and improved to 1.0 % after two years and after repeated use, it improve...
Yuyu Wang1,2, Mingzhu Li 3,4, Gang Lin4, Xiaohua Guo5, Aihua Sun5, Hao Dong5, Qinghui Ai1,* and Kangsen Mai1,*
...ly allotted to 12 square fiberglass tanks. Fish were fed 5 times daily (7:00, 10:00, 14:00, 17:00 and 21:00) for 28 days. No significant differences were observed in survival and intestinal morphology among fish fed various levels of algae meal (P>0.05). Fish fed diet S5 had significantly higher final body weight than that of fish fed diet S15, and no significant differences were observed among fish fed diets S0, S5 and S10 (P>0.05). Trypsin in intestina...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Tehreem Shabbir1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Fatima Yasin1, Humayoun Huma Maqbool1, Aasia Karim3
...cal/g, ash; 6% and crude fiber; 2%), immunological indices (WBCs; 7.48×103mm-3) and minerals absorption (Ca; 72.47%, Na; 67%, K; 71% and P; 73%). Results indicated that 20% replacement level of BM with the fish meal is best suited to improve carcass composition, immunity, and mineral absorption and for the production of eco-friendly feed. Moreover, 30% inclusion rate of BM was also found to be useful in the diets of carp species.
...
Slamet Widodo1*, Mohammad Ikhsan Shiddieqy1, Teguh Wahyono2, Yeni Widiawati1, Zultinur Muttaqin1
... (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, fat, minerals, dry matter digestibility with pepsine (DMdPeps), organic matter digestibility with pepsine (OMdPeps), nitrogen digestibility with pepsin (NdPepsin), gas production. The results showed that CP, NDF, and ADF had the highest variability among the nutrients. A total of 27 significant (p<0.05) among nutrient content...
Arief1*, Roni Pazla2
...d digestibility of crude fiber, crude fat, and nitrogen-free extract. A mixture of forages, including Mirasolia diversifolia, Indigofera zoolingeriana, and Gliricidia sepium, combined with palm concentrate, can balance the company’s ration FCM milk production.
Keywords | Gliricidia sepium, Goat, Indigofera zoolingeriana, Milk, Mirasolia diversifolia, Palm concentrate
...
Javed Iqbal*, Mamoona Hanif, Nadia Hussain Ahmad, Amna Bibi, Zaib-un-Nisa and Sadia Kanwal
...n’s main source of fiber is cotton. Both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) stimuli, including high temperatures, have a deleterious impact on its formation. The goal of the current study was to investigate the genetic foundation of upland cotton’s heat tolerance. On the basis of CMT%, canopy temperature, seed cotton production, node number of first fruiting branch, days to first effective boll, heat index (HI), and heat tolerance index (HTI)...
Khanitta Pengmeesri1,2* Thassawan Somchan1 , Doungnapa Promket1,3
...meat quality, and muscle fiber in crossbred and purebred native chickens after a 4-week freeze at market weight. The research involves 100 purebred Thai native chickens (Yellow-whited tail, YWN) and 100 three-breed crosses (25% egg line, 25% meat line, 50% Yellow-whited tail native chicken, CBN), raised under identical open-house conditions for 10 and 12 weeks. CBN hits market weight (around 1.2 kg) in the tenth week, while YWN takes 12 weeks. At both weeks, t...
Nguyen Huu Van1*, Nguyen Thi Mui1, Dinh Van Dung1, Van Ngoc Phong1, Tran Ngoc Long1, Le Tran Hoan1, Le Duc Thao1, Vo Thi Minh Tam1, Ngo Mau Dung1, Bui Van Loi1, Nguyen Xuan Ba1, Ton Nu Minh Thi2, Nishino Naoki2
...ity of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased. There were no significant differences in pH values, ammonia and VFA concentrations in rumen fluid between treatments before and 4h after feeding. The pH values remained in critical rumen pH range of 6.0-7.0 for optimum microbial growth and nutrient utilization. Hence, this study demonstrated that increasing concentrate levels in the diets for Phan Rang sheep up to 2.25% or 3.0% of live weight increased DGW, carca...
Oghenebrorhie M. Oghenochuko1,4*, Olubukola T. Adenubi3, Olusola L. Ajayi3, Fakilahyel M. Mshelbwala3, Johnny O. Olukunle3, Samson A. Rahman3 and Godfrey N.O. Ezeri2
..., protein (4.48%), crude fiber (1.68%), iron (0.5mg/l), magnesium (210mg/l), flavonoids (0.46%), saponins (0.28%), tannins (0.95%). PCV, Hb, RBC and WBC were increased in all treatments but values were higher in bath treatment for RBC (3.0×1012/L), PCV (32.7%), Hb (10.7%). MCV, MCH and MCHC showed similar trend. Similar trends as in RBC and WBC were observed in total proteins. Liver and kidney functionality as expressed by ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine and B...
Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi*, I Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra
...ss as the main source of fiber for ruminants. The research aimed to obtain a ration formulation through the use of elephant grass silage, corn straw silage, and concentrate for etawa crossbreed goats. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and each treatment was repeated four times, so there were 16 experimental units. The four treatments were: A = silage with 0% corn straw silage + 60% elephant grass silage + 40% concentrate;...
Firda Dimawarnita1*, Edwina Gabriela Tesalonika Mustamu2, Yora Faramitha1, Haryo Tejo Prakoso1, Wildan Aulia Noorsy1, Komang Gede Wiryawan2
...gestibility (DMD), crude fiber digestibility (CFD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), methane gas production, fulvic acid content, and bacterial population. The results indicated that the treatment did not have a significant effect on DMD, OMD, pH, NH3 concentration, methane gas, and bacterial populations. Treatment showed a significant result (P<0.05) on total VFA. The contents of fulvic acid in raw and delignified EFB, both unfermented and fermented usi...
Compatibility of Selected Insecticides Against Sucking Insect Pests of Cotton Under Field Conditions
M. Tariq Mushtaq1, Faisal Manzoor1, M. Ishtiaq1*, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1, Muqarrab Ali2, M. Akram3, M. Rafiq Shahid3 and Saleem Riaz1
...is an important cash and fiber crop of Pakistan. Cotton sucking insect pests cause major losses in yield of this crop. Chemical insecticides due to their quick mode of action are considered as the most effective way among the farmers for controlling these insect pests. Present study was designed to evaluate the compatibility of different insecticide mixtures against sucking insect pests i.e., whitefly and jassid. Compatibility of four insecticides combinations...
Ahmed Kadhim Munahi1* , Hameed A. Al-Timmemi2
...on of regenerative nerve fibers in white matter, increased number of regenerative neuron cells in grey matter, increased angiogenesis, and minimal scar tissue formation at the injured spinal cord site. In conclusion and based on clinical and histological data, chitosan nanoparticles could accelerate and promote regeneration of the injured spinal cord. ...
Julieta M Lopez-Martinez and Imran Ahmad*
...protein, high content of fiber and micronutrients such as iron and calcium. Furthermore, amaranth seeds are a good source of phytochemical compounds with health-promoting effects such as squalene, phytosterols, and polyphenols. Amaranth seeds have gained popularity in recent years due to their perceived health benefits and dubbed as superfood. The food industry is formulating new products adding amaranth to cereal-based food and gluten-free products such as br...
Riskayanti Riskayanti1, Hikmah Hikmah2*, Muhammad Irfan Said2, Nahariah Nahariah2
... but are poor in dietary fiber and antioxidant activity. The lack of vegetables is one of the weaknesses of nugget products. Therefore, diversification of processed chicken nugget products with the addition of vegetables is needed. This research aimed to analyze the effect of cooking treatment and vegetable addition level on antioxidant activity, dietary fiber, pH and cooking loss of chicken nuggets. The research design co...
Ram Prasad Ghimire
....97%), neutral detergent fiber (52.48±6.0%) and acid detergent fiber (39.29±4.18%) and for the body weight gain of goats (5.35±0.51 kg goat-1 in 120 days) among the investigated five browse species. However, fodders of all the evaluated browse species were inferior in nutrient compositions with less digestible nutrients and contributed to the poorer body weight gain of male goats in comparison to the mix...
Pedro Nunes1*, José Teixeira1,2, José Luís Mourão1,2,3, Divanildo Monteiro1,2,3, Victor Pinheiro1,2,3
...ative sources of dietary fiber, thereby expanding the potential applications of these by-products. This study aimed to assess the effects of incorporating Exhausted Olive Cake (EOC) into commercial rabbit diets on zootechnical performance, carcass characteristics, and visceral development. To achieve this, a total of 60 hybrid rabbits (New Zealand x Californian) were employed. Three distinct diets were formulated, progressively substituting alfalfa with EOC at...
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Yeria Banoet, Welhelmina Wahon, Cytske Sabuna, Melkianus Dedimus Same Randu, Yanse Yane Rumlaklak, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay
... and decreased the crude fiber and tannins of banana peels. The level of fermented banana peels had a significant effect (P<0.05) on body weight gain, feed intake but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on feed conversion. Body weight gain and feed intake of crossbred native chickens up to eight weeks of age, fed banana peels up to 20% were not significantly different (P<0.05) with control diet.
Keywords | Banana peel, Fe...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,3*, Nguyen Ba Trung1,3, Nguyen Thi Bich Hạnh2,3
...cts of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and weight gain. The NDF levels used in the experiment were 43, 47, 51 and 55 (% dry matter intake) corresponding to NDF43, NDF47, NDF51 and NDF55 treatments. Dry matter intake per body weight of NDF43 (2.40%) treatments tended to (P>0.05) high compared to the NDF47 (2.20%), NDF51 (2.22%) and NDF55 (2.16%) treatments. Total metabolism energy inclined to decrease (P>0.05) from NDF...
Junita Mayasari, Vira Oktavia, Indri Juliyarsi, Ade Sukma, Sri Melia*
...trated acid, pH, dietary fiber content, water content, protein content, viscosity, total lactic acid bacteria, and organoleptic tests. The results showed that adding porang flour to fermented goat milk significantly (P<0.05) decreased the total lactic acid bacteria total titrated acid increased the pH value, dietary fiber content, water content, viscosity, texture value, and color value. Still, it had no significant effec...
Ghaith Z. Hasan Al-Askari *, Eman H. Yousif Al-Taee
...mineralization of muscle fibers. From this study concluded that both doses of vitamin D can be toxic to organisms at higher levels, so they need to be used carefully and should not be taken excessively.
Keywords | Hypervitaminosis D, Chromosome gap, Histopathological, Cytogenetic effects, Vitamin D, Median lethal dose, Mitotic index, Rats, Female rats.
...
Urip Rosani1*, Iman Hernaman1, Rahmat Hidayat1, Darmawan Hidayat2
... nutrient content (crude fiber and lignin) of rice bran containing different rice husks. Based on the results of research, there is a strong relationship between ultrasonic parameters and the nutrient content of rice bran containing various rice husks. The positive correlation between attenuation with crude fibre is 0.975, and attenuation with lignin is 0.965. The attenuation coefficient can be used as a parameter for estimating the content of lignin and crude...
Jaime Vera Chang1, Arianna Torres Coronel2, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Kerly Alvarado Vásquez2,3 and Frank Intriago Flor4*
...potassium, fat, protein, fiber and energy), sensory variables (flavor, color, taste, smell and texture). In the analysis of variance (ANDEVA) it is concluded that in the bromatological analyzes T2 contains the greatest amount of energy with a value of 403.57kcal/100g, in T1 a value of 0.46% protein was determined and in T4 8.51% mg/ potassium. 100 g were obtained; These variables are important indicators for an energy drink. In the sensory evaluation of the dr...
Ho Xuan Nghiep1,2, Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*
...s. The neutral detergent fiber consumption tended to increase (P>0.05) from CMW0 (2.97 kg) to CMW75 treatments (3.22 kg). However, the metabolism energy of CMW25 was higher than (P>0.05) CMW0, CMW50 and CMW75 (57.9, 54.7, 52.7 and 52.2 MJ/animal/day, respectively). Both DM and OM digestibility were not significantly different in this study but CP and NDF were otherwise. The CMW0 treatment was lower than (P<0.05) the CMW75 treatment for CP digestibilit...
Waseem Abbas, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Imran Khan
...d 3 % incorporation. The fiber content also significantly increased at the incorporation ratio of 1, 2 and 3%. In CWB, fat concentration at 2 and 3% incorporation remained almost equal to that of CB. The protein content increased “significantly in a dose-dependent manner with the increasing incorporation of these two herbs” when compared with the CB. When the carbohydrate content of both breads was compared, the functional bread had significantly l...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Woo Kyun Kim2, Aamir Khan3 and Abubakar Sufyan4
...ses 1 and 2, while crude fiber during phase1 and 3 for the SH treatment groups. The crude fat had a significantly higher value for the control group than all SH treatment groups during all (three) phases. The ash amount was significantly higher in the 3 and 6% SH groups during phase 1 while 6% and 9% SH groups during phase 3 than in all other groups. The control group had (P<0.05) lower gut contents viscosity during all phases than the SH treatment groups. ...
Ali Hassan1, Javaria Ashraf1*, Salman Wahid1, Kamran Alyas1, Samaria Nisar1, Sadia Kanwal2, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Amna Bibi2 and Rameen Nawaz3
... ginning outturn (GOT%), fiber length, micronaire value and fiber strength, the ratio of general combining ability (GCA) variance to specific combining ability (SCA) variance (2 GCA/2 SCA) indicated the prevalence of non-additive gene action. In addition, lines FH-152, CIM-632 and BS-20 showed a strong GCA impact for majority of the studied traits. Significant GCA effects were seen among the testers for most of the qualities...
Hayder S. Rwayyih*, Tahani S.S. Al-Azawi
...crosis of cardiac muscle fibers with fatty change in endocardium or papillary muscles due to estrogen deficiency, irregular myocardial endothelial degeneration and congested blood vessels. The aorta of these groups has enlargement and thickening of endothelial cells with infiltration of fatty cells in tunica intimae (The structure of intima changes in postmenopausal and it becomes multilayered due to migration of smooth muscle cells from the media to intima). ...
Muhmmad Asif1, Khunsa Khakwani1, Muhammad Hasnain1*, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Hussnain Babar1, Shahid Munir Chuhan1, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1, Iqra Parveen1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Saeed Ahmad2 and Hammad Hussnain2
...as well as its impact on fiber quality. The cultivars differed in their susceptibility to sucking insects and pink bollworm. The lowest whitefly population was observed on genotypes FH-492 (2.48), FH-498 (2.97), and ‘FH-494 (2.80) per leaf. The lowest jassid population was recorded on cultivars FH-494 (0.87), FH-498 (0.97), and FH-492 (0.68) per leaf. The lowest thrips infestation was recorded on FH-492, FH-494 and FH-498, having 1.05, 1.13, 1.20 per lea...
Muhammad Bilal Niaz1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Khuram Mubeen1, Mahmood Alam Khan1
and Wazir Ahmed2
... Cotton is an important, fiber and cash crop of Pakistan. Its raw
material and other products are exported to other countries. The study was conducted using
the randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were; horse
purslane free crop for whole season, horse purslane free crop for 30 days after sowing
(DAS), horse purslane free crop for 60 DAS, horse purslane and other weeds free cro...
Wagner Antonio Gorozabel Muñoz1*, Mayra Jossenka Loor Solórzano1, Josselyn Gema Palacio Intriago1, Virginia Vanessa Andrade Andrade1 and Carlos Alfredo Cedeño-Palacios1,2
...tein NTE INEN-ISO 20483, fiber NTE INEN 542, carbohydrates; antioxidant capacity by DPPH and carotenoids by HPLC. The results showed that the flour extracted from macer squash reached better averages in terms of fat 8.35 %; ash content of13.45 %; moisture 24.39 % and protein 17.70 %; the flour from vermilion squash reached better results in terms of FDN 19.76 % and FDA 8.16 %, the best carbohydrate content was for the flour obtained from pepo squash with a con...
Siti Zubaidah1, Chusnul Hanim2, Bambang Ariyadi3, Aji Praba Baskara2*, Zuprizal2
...ree extract (NFE), crude fiber (CF), total energy, amino acids (AAs), and fatty acids (FAs). In this study, the chemical composition was analyzed T - test student, while AAs, FAs, and cell-wall structure was analyzed descriptively. The microstructure of PKC cell wall after in vitro digestibility was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PKC with shell contained the following: 4,417.81 Kcal/kg gross energy, 95.45% DM, 4.51% ash, 15.95% CP, 8.36%...
Mansoor Ali Khan*, Khalid Imran, Zahid Rauf, Tanvir Hussain, Muhammad Umair Khan and Sajid Ali
...0.16%), protein (2.52%), fibers (2.22%), phosphorus (1.47%), iron (80.20PPm), Vit-C (1.36%), total phenol contents (180.00mg/100g), calcium (11.00mg/100g), magnesium (16.50mg/100g), manganese (0.12mg/100g) and potassium (373.20mg/100g) were maximum in the famous Kohat variety of guava. Alkaloids (0.60%), pectin (0.10%) lipids (2%), and zinc (0.34mg/100g) were maximum in Lahore (Punjab) variety, while ash, acidity carbohydrates and copper were found in greater ...
Majid Ali1*, Naila Chand1, Sarzamin Khan1, Shakoor Ahmad2 and Muhammad Tahir3
...er, ether extract, crude fiber, and nitrogen-free extract were not affected except for crude protein which was significantly higher in the M50T50 diet group. Similarly, hematological parameters were not affected, while villus height, width, and crypt depth were significantly improved in the M50T50 diet group. These findings demonstrate that the supplementation of methanolic extract of M. oleifera and T. vulgaris in drinking water either alone or in combination...
Muhammad Umair Khan*, Zahid Rauf, Abdur Rehman, Tanvir Hussain and Mansoor Ali Khan
...he relationships between fiber characteristics (such as fiber diameter, fiber length, fiber lumen length and fiber wall thickness) and pulping properties of Ipil ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) grown in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Wood chips were processed by Kraft pulping, in Pulp and Paper laboratory of Forest Product Research ...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Sarzamin khan1, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Abubakar Sufyan2 and Muhammad Ayaz3
...e the combined effect of fiber degrading enzymes (β-Mannanase) and soybean hulls on the egg quality parameters in the laying hens during the early (29 to 32 weeks) peak production period. Two hundred golden brown (RIR×Fayoumi) layer birds of age 28 weeks were used for the experimental purpose and were assigned into five groups CON, T1, T2, T3, and T4. Each group contained 4 replicates with 10 birds per replicate. The CON group had a corn-soybean bas...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Abubakar Sufyan2 and Hammad Ullah3
...e the combined effect of fiber degrading enzymes (β-Mannanase) and soybean hulls (SH) on the egg quality parameters in the laying hens during the early (29 to 32 weeks) peak production period. Two hundred golden brown (RIR × Fayoumi) layer birds, 28 weeks old, were used for the experimental purpose and were assigned into five groups CON, T1, T2, T3, and T4. Each group contained 4 replicates with 10 birds per replicate. The CON group had a corn-soybe...
Abdur Rahman Khan1*, Mansoor Ali Khan1, Abdur Rehman1 and Muhammad Umair Khan1
...d from wood saw dust and fibers with synthetic organic adhesive like urea formaldehyde and phenol formaldehyde. The uses of nanotechnology in present day are flourishing in many fields, because of its unique properties. Nanomaterials are those materials, which have a size in between 1-100 nm. Nano level sized materials show distinct physical and mechanical properties and incomparable chemical and biological properties. Nano based composite wood products are ma...
Tanvir Hussain1, Said Akhtar2, Khalid Hussain3* and Zahid Rauf4
... characteristics of wood fiber. For this purpose, wood samples were collected from local depots and wood fibers from each species were separated adopting standard laboratory procedures. Results showed that Walnut (Juglans regia) fibers were comparatively longer in llength followed by Pohu (Parotia jacouemontiana), Mulberry (Morus alba), Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), Himalyan yew (T...
Syed Farooq Shah1, Nowsherwan Zarif1*, Zahid Rauf1, Anwar Ali1, Ghayyas Ahmed1, Basheer Ahmed1, Salman Ahmad1 and Saifullah1
... food, fuelwood, fodder, fiber, timber, non-timber forest products, supplementary income, etc. Agroforestry systems' potential to provide farms with environmental services protecting soil erosion, bioenergy, the effects of trees in agricultural landscapes on carbon sequestration, sustainable land management techniques, pest control by natural enemies, and the global habitat for biological variety are all important. According to the study, cultivators in the co...
Muhammad Umar Atique1, Sanam Zarif Satti1, Muhammad Ilyas1*
..., ash, protein, fat/oil, fiber, and carbohydrate content were determined. The results of the study revealed that Bauhinia variegata has a maximum percentage (12.56%) of protein content, followed by Acacia nilotica (10.28%) and Ceratonia siliqua (6.54%). The maximum carbohydrate percentage was found in Acacia nilotica (39.41%) followed by Bauhinia variegata (33.8%), while the minimum concentration (27.48%) was found in Ceratonia siliqua. Relatively high concent...
Khalid Hussain, G. M. Nasir and Tanvir Hussain
... different dimensions of fiber, vessel and wood rays of each species. Results showed that maximum average ring growth rate was found in Paulownia catalpifolia and the highest heartwood percentage was observed in Paulownia tomentosa. Maximum fiber length and fiber diameter was measured in P. catalpifolia and the lowest in Paulownia fortune. Greatest
Zahid Rauf, Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi, Ghayyas Ahmad and Wahiba Iqbal
G. M. Nasir
... longer and thick-walled fibers and Kao and Anjir wood may be medium in strength as the fibers are comparatively thin-walled. In order to increase service life, preservative treatment of wood before utilization may be necessary for all the studied species because of larger size or higher frequency of wood rays. Lasura, Shreen, Dhak, Tun and Ritha wood can be easily treated with chemicals and seasoned as the vessels are suffi...
Nasim Abbas, M. Yousaf Khan, Tanvir Hussain and Muhammad Zahid
...he thick walled and long fibers were observed which showed its better strength. The wood may be less durable or non-durable, however, chemical preservation can be made easily to enhance its durability. Seasoning may also be done easily if due care is provided. After that the determined results have been compared with shisham wood (Dalbergia sissoo). It can be used as alternate of shisham wood in manufacturing work after some processing is carried out ca...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir, Tanvir Hussain and Khalid Hussain Sulangi
...walled or narrow lumened fibers. The wood of all the studied species may be somewhat non-durable because of higher frequency or larger size of wood rays and need preservative treatment before utilization in order to increase service life. Tut, Siris, Anjir, Willow, Kiker, Kangar Robinia, Gurgrua and Barh may be easy to season and preserve owing to higher frequency or larger size of vessels however whereas, Batkar, Lachi and Jaman wood may be somewhat difficult...
Tanvir Hussain, G. M. Nasir and Khalid Hussain
... and hardness in view of fiber morphological characteristics. Ash wood grown in Kashmir may be better in seasoning and preservation behavior due to its vessels frequency and diameter. Moreover, on the basis of parenchyma distribution Ash wood grown in Kashmir may be comparatively durable against biological decaying agents as compared to that of grown in Quetta, Balochistan....
Tanvir Hussain and G. M. Nasir
...mese and Indian Teak the fibers were comparatively longer, narrow or thick walled and the wood may be relatively better in strength. The vessels were higher in frequency or larger in size in Indonesian and Burmese Teak for the reason the wood may be comparatively easy to season. The wood rays were lower in frequency or smaller in size in Indonesian and Indian Teak due to that the wood may be somewhat more durable among the studied wood samples....
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir and Khalid Hussain Solangi
...d that in Pilu wood, the fibers were short, medium in diameter, wide lumened, fairly thick-walled and occupied about one third volume of the wood. The vessels were medium in frequency, smaller in diameter and engaged minimum volume of the wood. The wood rays were medium in frequency, a bit larger in size and occupied almost one third wood volume as fibers. The axial parenchyma was abundant and also occupied approximately one...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
...walled or narrow lumened fibers. The Apple wood may be medium in strength and comparatively soft because of thin-walled and wide lumened fibers. The wood of all the studied species may be non-durable due to higher frequency or larger size of wood rays and need preservative treatment to increase the service life. The process of wood seasoning and preservation may be slow because of small to medium diameter of vessels however ...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
...ood grown in Punjab, the fibers are fairly longer and thick-walled, the wood rays are smaller in size and lower in frequency and the vessels are larger in diameter. The wood may be relatively better in strength, less non-durable and easier to season and preserve than that of grown in Sindh. ...
Tariq Mahmood and Zulfiqar Ali
...ts of water, land, food, fiber, fuel, timber and other resulting in the disappearance of forests, expansion of desertification, soil erosion and flooding of rivers, thus threatening the life on the planet earth.
The importance of soil conservation/watershed management was first realized in the sub-continent at the start of the 19th century but the systematic work on this started in 1954 under Erosion control and soil conservation project in NW...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
... ampliceps wood, the fibers are medium in length and reasonably thick-walled. The vessels are small in diameter and lower in frequency. The wood rays are higher in frequency and a bit larger in size. The wood may be better in strength and can be used for various wood products. Preservative treatment of wood before utilization may be required to increase the service life. However, the process of preservation and seasoning of wood may be slow. ...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
...strength on the basis of fiber morphological characteristics. The wood of all the studied species may be somewhat non-durable because of higher frequency or larger size of wood rays and need chemical treatment before utilization. However, Neem, wood may not require preservation due to its chemical composition. Preservative treatment and seasoning of wood of all the studied species (except Sohanjna) may be slow or somewhat difficult due to medium sized or small...
G. M. Nasir and Iqbal Mahmood
...to thick walled and long fibers. It is stronger than Shisham wood in different mechanical properties. The wood may be less durable but can be easily preserved with chemicals. Similarly the wood can be seasoned well without any difficulty. After careful processing, Robinia wood can also be used as substitute of Shisham wood for manufacturing of furniture and cabinet work etc. Furthermore, it may also be used for pulp and paper manufacturing due to higher morpho...
Amjad Ali Ch., Tariq Mahmood, Shahzad Fazal and Nowsherwan Zarif
... (CP), Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL).With increasing clipping stage, concentration of DM, OM, NDF, ADF and ADL increased in all plant parts whereas CP contents declined with increasing clipping stage. One month clipping stage these grasses got optimum nutritional value and sustained grass vigor....
G. M. Nasir
...s. In local ash wood the fiber are comparatively longer, narrow and the vessels are smaller in diameter due to which the wood is somewhat hard and heavy as compared to European ash wood. However, locally grown ash wood is more suitable when the product strength is an important factor....
G. M. Nasir and Noreen Fatima
...wed that on the basis of fiber morphological characteristics, the wood of Phulai, Ipip Ipil, Black Siris and White Siris may be stronger or better in strength whereas, Pipal, Lasura and Jand may be medium and Gul-i-Nishtar light in strength. Due to abundant axial parenchyma, higher frequency or larger size of wood rays, the wood of all the studied species need preservative treatment before their utilization. The vessels are larger in diameter in Gul-i-Nishter,...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir, Noreen Fatima and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
...e Bakain and Phulai, the fibers were longer or thick walled and the woods may be stronger or comparatively better in strength properties. Moreover, all the studied woods except Phulai can also be used for pulp and paper manufacturing on the basis of higher fibre morphological characteristics....
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
... Results showed that the fiber length and wall thickness generally increased from pith to bark. The fiber diameter increased progressively upto a distance of 5cm from pith after that it decreased somewhat or remained more or less constant. The vessel diameter was found to increase up to 4cm distance from the pith, reaching to its maximum value beyond that it fluctuated minutely. The frequency of vessels decreased from pith t...
M. Rahim Niazi, G. Habib and M.M. Siddiqui
... bound to acid detergent fiber (ADF-P) and in sacco digestibility of protein (ISPD) were determined in five wild (Acacia modesta, Pistacia attlantica, Pistacia khinjk, Olea cuspidate and Zizyphus mauritiana) and five cultivated (Prunus dulcis, Pyrus malees, Prunus persica, P. domestica and Punica granatumiree leaves collected from three different locations in Balochistan. Tree species significantly influenced ADF-P (P<0.001) and ISP...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
... wood volume occupied by fibers, vessels, longitudinal parenchyma and wood rays in each species. Results showed that in Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo, Fraxinus excelsior. Albizzia lebbek, A. procera, Mangifera indica, Alnus nitida, Juglans regia, Populus euphratica. Quercus incana, Platanus orientalis, Acer caesium and Cedrela toona, major portion of the wood by volume was composed of fibers. In Acacia m...
Khalid Hussain and G. M. Nasir
...ed that in Elm wood, the fibers were longer, medium in diameter, wide lumened and fairly thick-walled due to that the wood may be relatively better in strength. The vessels were lower in frequency but quite larger in diameter and the wood can be seasoned without any difficulty. The wood rays were medium per unit area and in size. The axial parenchyma was abundant, occupied approximately one third volume of the wood for the reason; the wood may be non-durable a...
Sanam Zarif Satti, Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi, Iftikhar Ahmad and Sumara Zarif
...n B. aristata and fiber content (25.59%) in C. obliqua. Highest value of NFE (56.73%) was found in B. monnieri. Fats (9.70%) along with protein (17.53%) was reported high in B. variegata. The minerals profile determined by Energy Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy (EDX) divulged that among all the plant species highest amount of Carbon (C) in B. aristata (55.63%), Oxygen (O) in C. alba (44.93%), and Magnesium (Mg) in B....
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir and Iqbal Mahmood
...paper due to
favourable fiber morphological characteristics. On the
basis of physical and mechanical properties, the wood is
suitable for various purposes where high strength is not
required. It has favorable relation between tangential
and radial shrinkage and is suitable for framework where
the stability is of high importance. The wood can also
be used for making various kinds of boxes, cases,
cupboards, tablets, crates, handicrafts, rural house
con...
M. Rahim Niazi, G. Habib and M. M. Siddiqui
... (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) varied (P>0.001) due to tree species, but were not affected by location. Ash contents ranged from 4.62 to 17.02 percent of dry matter (DM) and remained higher in the cultivated tree leaves. CP in DM ranged from 7.17 percent in Olea cuspidata to 15.19 percent in Acacia modesta. Mean CP across all the species was 11.10 percent in DM. The A...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
...om the average values of fiber dimensions. E. crebra was found the most suitable for high bursting strength, tensile strength, folding endurance, flexible, dense and well formed paper whereas, E. citriodora for high tearing resistance and well bonded paper due to maximum fibre length and felting power ratio....
Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry and Jehangir Ghauri
...s, pulp, fuel, charcoal, fiber board, chipboard
etc. and above all it gives high and early return.
Due to these characters Eucalyptus Camaldulensis has been liked very much by farmers. Planting of Eucalyptus is being done by the farmers on field boundaries, in rows along water channels, on farm approach roads, as woodlots and in compact blocks in fields with agricultural crops at variable spacings.
In this paper results of effect of ...
Suitability of some woody and non-woody raw-materials for pulp and paper as based on fiber dimension
Muhammad Ayaz
..., on the basis of
their fiber dimensions. Among all the species
investigated softwoods are the best material for pulp
and paper, followed by bamboos and other grasses. Most
of the hardwoods and shrubby materials yield short
fiber. To produce a strong paper from hardwoods and
shrubby materials use of a pulp furnish of softwoods
and/or bamboos is recommended. In addition to fiber
dim...
Mohammad Ayaz
...s, is also very rich
in fibers. Studies on fiber characteristics like average
fiber length, relative fiber length and Runkel ratio
show that the fiber characteristics like average fiber
length, relative fiber length and Runkel ratio show that
...
K. M. Suleman
...tial as a source of long fiber pulp in Pakistan.
All the species can be pulped by soda process. D.
hamiltonii gave the highest yield and the best tearing
strength properties. Tearing properties were comparable
to the kraft pulp made from Pinus roxburghii and
imported Southern pine kraft pulp. However, the bonding
properties of bamboo pulp were inferior to the softwood
kraft pulp. This paper also gives the salient advantages
of bamboo pulpi...
K. M. Siddiqui
...r production of food and fiber to meet the needs of increasing population. In the latter case, the seepage of irrigation water from unlined water courses has aggravated the problem to an enormous and critical extent. Unfortunately, role of forests in this regards is little understood and only mechanical means have been used to reclaim salt affected and waterlogged areas at a great expense by the government agencies such as WAPDA and accepted by the public at l...
Muhammad Farooq, Pazir Gul Khan and F. W. Khan
...llected and analysed for fibers, carbohydrate, fat and protein content. The nutritive ratios of all the grasses were also determined. The results obtained were compared with those of common grasses of Cholistan, Kalachitta area and Thai already supporting large herds of cattle. They compared favourably well to justify their propagation as a cattle feed on pilot scale....
M. I. Sultani, Muhammad Banaras Bhatti, Sartaj and Anjum Amin
...larly increased of crude fiber was found with higher
proportion of grass....
Wulf Killmann
...al should be dried below fiber saturation point logs for power poles have to debarked and then dried under shelter at least 4months before treatment. Utilization: choose carefully timber of right
density for the product envisaged....
K. M. Siddiqui
... which had imported long fiber pulp. However, folding endurance and breaking length were lower in the former than the latter.
...
Taj Ali Wazir and S. M. A. Shah
...diameter of the ultimate fibers were evaluated. The effects of stage of harvesting, methods of retting, different levels of relative humidity, and anatomical characteristics on the strength of the filaments were examined.
...
Danh Mo
...8% DM and acid detergent fiber, ADF 20.1-33.5% DM). Significantly (P<0.05) lower in CP and higher in ADF, the regenerated Wedelia was compared to the planting period. The second experiment was a Latin square on 4 goats over 4 periods across 4 treatments. The treatments were dietary forage (50% Wedelia and 50% grass in DM)-to-concentrate (F:C) ratios of 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, and 1:3 (DM basis). The daily consumption of Wedelia by the goat varied considerably (P<...
Budi Santoso*, Bambang Tjahyono Hariadi, Marlyn Nelce Lekitoo
...ntly decreased the crude fiber fraction in complete feed silage generated from palm frond, while also enhancing the quality of fermentation and nutrient digestibility.
Keywords | Fermentation, Methane, Oil palm frond, Ruminant, Silage
...
Muhammad Ramzan Ali1*, Hasina Basharat2, Aziz Ahmed1, Mubeen Fakhar1 and Aleem Khan1
...frican catfish in twelve fiber glass circular tanks (2000 L water capacity) for period of 12 weeks at the stocking rate of 20 fish/ tank. The experimental design was CRD with 4 treatments having 3 replicates. Four experimental diets containing different levels of crude protein (CP: 40%, 35%, 30% and 25%) levels were prepared. The final weight of fish and weight gain was improved by increasing proteins levels in feed. The fish fed with the feed containing 25% C...
Muti Ul Hannan1, Wazir Ahmed1, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar2*, Muhammad Baqir Hussain1 and Khuram Mubeen1
...ction of yield with poor fiber quality. Additionally, soil health of Pakistani soils is very poor due to low soil organic matter, non-judicial use of fertilizers and high cropping intensity with mono-cropping pattern. The integrated and judicial use of organic and synthetic fertilizers boosts the soil and plant health and mitigates the deteriorative effects of heat stress on plants. Based on past studies, the objective of the study was to integrate pre-tested ...
Cristian Mendoza1*, Adriana Celi-Soto2, Ernesto Cañarte3 and George Cedeño-García2
... bunches, 160 kg of palm fiber, 20 kg of around weeds, 40 kg of pruned palm leaves, also, there was a treatment with insecticide, applying 150 ml of thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin (in 200 L in water), and one control treatment, without mulching or insecticide (clean area). A completely randomized block design was used. Our results showed that the number of S. valida larvae, the percentage of fresh damaged roots, and leaf emission were assessed. There w...
Iman Hernaman1*, Budi Ayuningsih1, Diky Ramdani2, Romy Zamhir Islami1, Shelvia Octaviana1, Ina Aviana1, Galuh Rahayu1, Aldena Bina Salimah1, Urip Rosani1, Atun Budiman1, Muhammad Rifqi Ismiraj3
...hemicellulose, and crude fiber decreased significantly (P <0.05) while rice hull ash filtrate concentrations increased. The highest decrease in ADF and NDF was achieved at concentrations of 0.2 w/v. The use of corncobs with rice hull ash filtrate soaked by 0.2 w/v (RHAF 4) in rations resulted in differences between treatments (P <0.05). CSRHAC 2 gave the highest (P <0.05) of DMD, OMD, N-NH3, and VFA among the treatments, namely 52.65±0.73...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Naila Chand1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...e the combined effect of fiber degrading enzymes (β-Mannanase) and soybean hulls on the production performance, hematological parameters, and economics in the laying hens during the early (29 to 32 weeks) peak production period. Two hundred golden brown (RIR×Fayoumi) layer birds of age 28 weeks were used for the experimental purpose and were distributed in five groups control (CON), and treatment groups (T1, T2, T3, and T4), each had 4 replicates wi...
Ashiq Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib1*, Sohaib ul Hassan2, Abubakar Sufyan3, Kinkpe Lionel5, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Majid Ali1, Aamir Khan4, Qudrat Ullah2 and Waqar Azeem6
...f dry matter, ash, crude fiber, crude protein, ether extract, and calcium was also calculated significantly higher in the 2ml/l of LE group. Total cost in the control group while the gross and net return was recorded significantly higher in the group containing 2ml/l of LE. The dressing percentage had a significantly higher value in 1.5, and 2ml/l of LE groups than in the remaining treatment groups. Mortality was recorded significantly higher in 1 ml/l of LE g...
Efi Rokana1, Iin Rohmatul Fatimah1, Brilian Desca Dianingtyas1, Niswatin Hasanah2, Wulandari3, Zein Ahmad Baihaqi1,3*
...rom various agricultural fiber sources in remote villages. This study aimed to investigate the impact of feeding different types of forage in the ration formula on sheep feedlot performance. Twenty-seven female local sheep (fat tailed) were utilized as research subjects. The study involved sheep rations comprising various ingredients, with three distinct research factors: elephant grass, corn plants, and rice straw. Employing a completely randomized design (CR...
Paulus Klau Tahuk*, Gerson Frans Bira, Wolfhardus Vinansius Feka
...rude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), carbohydrates (CHO), and metabolizable energy (ME). OM intake in treatments T2 and T3 was higher than in T1; CP intake in treatment T3 was higher than in T1, but similar to T2. CF intake in T3 was lower (P<0.05) compared to T1 and T2. Moreover, CHO intake was higher (P<0.05) in T2 and T3 compared to T1, while ME intake was higher (P<0.05) in T2 and T3 compared to T1. The digestibility of DM, OM, CP, CHO, and energy...
Byamungu Mayange Tomple1*, Ik-Hwan Jo2, Rajaraman Bharanidharan1, Seun-Gun Won2 and Muhammad Mahboob Ali Hamid3*
...effect on acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, concurrently escalating neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. Notably, the manure fertilization levels of 200 and 250 kg N/ha exhibited the highest total digestible nutrient (TDN) content. The temporal progression of kenaf growth was characterized by increasing height, while no statistically significant differences were detected in DM yield. In summation, optimal growth and deve...
Nurhayati1*, Chandra Utami Wirawati2, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri1
...ent of 23.56%, low crude fiber content of 8.83%, low crude fat content of 3.6%, and a fairly high metabolizable energy content of 3,029.33 kcal. The fermented products from this research are expected to be used as non-conventional alternative feedstuff to be tested as feedstuff for various types of poultry.
Keywords | Mineral addition level, Fermentation duration, Palm kernel cake, Cassava byproduct, Aspergillus niger, Nutrient v...
Nurhayati1*, Chandra Utami Wirawati2, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri1
...ent of 23.56%, low crude fiber content of 8.83%, low crude fat content of 3.6%, and a fairly high metabolizable energy content of 3,029.33 kcal. The fermented products from this research are expected to be used as non-conventional alternative feedstuff to be tested as feedstuff for various types of poultry.
Keywords | Mineral addition level, Fermentation duration, Palm kernel cake, Cassava byproduct, Aspergillus niger, Nutrient v...
Essa D Alhtheal1*, Sufian S Salman2, Salah M AL-Kubaisi3
...an CNPS/cyclosporine nanofibers and solution were prepared. It was dissolved in deionized water at a weight ratio of 2G CNPS diluted with 100 ml DW, and mixtures were prepared by stirring at 80 Co for three and adding five drops of acetic acid. The physical properties and chemical composition were characterized using FE-SEM. Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 20 – 50 nanometers. For succession. Bone marrow examination, counting...
Ririn Siti Rahmatillah1*, Diky Ramdani1, Iman Hernaman2, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Yulianri Rizki Yanza2
...(CPD, %), acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD, %), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD, %), and blood urea levels. However, a significant reduction in blood glucose levels was observed (P = 0.002). A sub-group analysis showed that spent tea leaves supplementation affected the DMI (P=0.004) and ADFD (P = 0.032). In contrast, tea extract influenced blood glucose (mg/dl, P < 0.001) and blood urea (mg/dl, P < ...
Muhammad Ariana Setiawan1, Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria2*, Andi Mushawwir2
...le protein (RDP) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC). Nutrients that are easily degraded in the rumen can be seen from their metabolite products such as total gas production, gas kinetics, and methane gas production. This study aims to determine the effect of the balance of rumen degradable protein (RDP) with non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) in cattle rations on total gas production, gas kinetics and methane gas production in vitro...
Plinio Vargas Zambrano1*, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Julio Ibarra Arteaga4, Camilo Chávez Ceballos4 and Ramona Párraga Alava1
...rp holes to separate the fibers into particles, colorimetry analysis was performed with a Konica Minolta CR-400 colorimeter, a viscosity analysis using a rotational viscometer and a hedonic scale of 7 points sensory analysis, the data were processed in the Minitab program, ANOVA and Dunnet. It was determined that there was a significant difference in the useful life of the product with respect to fungi, yeasts and mesophiles. In conclusion, results showed that...
Coffee Pulp Characterization and Utilization in Coffee Cherry Flour for Circular Economy Improvement
Damat Damat1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Shazma Anwar3, Mohammed Ali Wedyan4,
Zane Vincevica-Gaile5, Yogo Adhi Nugroho2, Tony Liwang2, Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi1*,
Ahmad Fauzi1, Hanif Alamudin Manshur1, Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Vritta Amroini Wahyudi1,
Yolla Muvika Ananda1 and Hemalia Agustin Rachmawati1
...al, crude protein, crude fiber, crude lipid, dietary fiber, and sugar contents and compared to La Boitê commercial product from Brazil. Principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were run for the purpose, followed by Tukey posthoc test for certain variables. The results demonstrated that Mengani CP was the most similar to La Boitê as their mineral, heavy metal, crude protein, crude ...
Saitul Fakhri1*, Heni Suryani2, Teja Kaswari1, Munawwaroh Pane1, Neneng Hariyati1, Dodi Rolis Limbong1, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Daniel Komwihangilo4
...proximate parameters and fiber fractions. One gram of the sample from each treatment group was incubated with buffered rumen fluid at 39°C for 72 h. Gas production was measured after incubation for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 62, and 72 h. pH, NH3, organic matter degradation (OMD) and microbial yield (MBO) were measured at the end of the incubation period. The gas data were fitted using an exponential model. Results revealed that the steam decreased (P...
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Abdul Hafeez Mastoi2, Sanaullah Sattar3, Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito4 and Shahid Ali Jakhrani1
...ed as the “king of fiber”, “white gold” cash crop with prominent economic value. This study aims to seek out and examine the potential resistance against infestation of sucking and bollworm insect pests on promising transgenic and non-transgenic cotton genotypes in farmer’s field condition, Naushahro Feroze. The seeds of three popularly grown genetically hybrid cotton varieties namely; KMG-1, KMG-2, KMG-3, and non-Bt NIAB-78 were ...
Abdur Rehman*, Muhammad Umair Khan, Zahid Rauf, Saeed Akhtar, Abdur Rahman Khan and Mansoor Khan
...g on the equitable woody fiber anatomical dimensions of two types that are Willow (Salix tetrasperma) and Lachi (Eucalyptus camaldulensis). The excellence of pulp and paper is directly linked to the fiber characteristics such as fiber wall thickness, fiber lumen diameter, and fiber length. Several wood characteristics ...
Aytan Ilham Zeynalova1*, Fariz Shahin Alakbarov1, Dunya Ali Isayeva1 and Sait Engindeniz2
... from Greece have a high fiber output (40-42%), which led to a high fiber yield (13.2 and 13.8 c/ha). The net return that can be obtained after growing Ganja-110 cotton variety was calculated as 258.60 USD/ha and was higher than other varieties....
Kusuma Adhianto*, Chindy Damanik, Dandi Oherman Girsang, Erwanto, Liman, Muhtarudin and Ali Husni
...s well as acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility P0 (49.08%), P1 (55.84%), and P2 (54.80%). However, there was no significant effect (P>0.05) on NDF digestibility for P0 (59.45%), P1 (63.06%), and P2 (63.22%). In summary, the inclusion of ammoniated corn cobs in the diet of Brahman Crossbred cattle has been shown to impact the digestibility of DM, OM, and ADF. The most effective level of ammoniation appears to be at a rate of 2.5% urea. ...
Ali Bain*, Musriah, La Ode Nafiu, La Ode Muh. Munadi, La Ode Muhsafaat, Nur Santy Asminaya, Astriana Napirah, Widhi Kurniawan, Fuji Astuty Auza, Deki Zulkarnain
...gestibility (OMD), crude fiber digestibility (CFD) and crude protein digestibility (CPD)). The results showed that fermented corn cob-based rations supplemented with CaS-soybean oil at different levels significantly (P<0.01) affected fermentation characteristics and ration nutrient digestibility. The different levels of CaS-soybean oil (1.5%-4.5%) produced optimal fermentation characteristics (pH, NH3-N and total VFA) to support the growth and activity of m...
Manar Mousa Alhussein*, Eman Faisal Albghdady
... used to detect collagen fibers, and mucopolysaccharide. The treated group (G2) shows a significant reduction in total length of epididymis and segments, as well as a non-significant drop in total weight. Histologically, the epididymis tubules showed a significant decrease in diameter; the lumen was empty of sperm; there was an increase in epithelial height; hyperplastic epithelia; and an appearance of cribriform forms with infiltration of inflammatory cells. ...
Muhammad Umair Khan1*, Abdur Rehman1, Mansoor Ali Khan1, Abdur Rahman Khan1, Sajid Ali1 and Zeeshan Ahmad2
...ltural waste. The use of fibers of non-wood plants in paper production is also linked to a number of issues, such as collection, transportation, challenges of chemical recovery, alteration of morphological properties and slow water retention. The main consumers of non-wood fibers, small mills, usually have poor pollution control systems. Non-wood materials are now a more viable option as raw materials for papermaking due to ...
Ali Mobder Niyf*, Jafar Ghazi Abbas Al-Jebori
...e cells to smooth muscle fiber (muscularis interna and muscularis externa). Taken together, the present study showed that the large intestine in local awassi sheep fetuses in the first trimester of gestation was located relatively in the middle part of the abdominal cavity and covered completely by huge liver and where it started to move gradually to the caudal aspect at second trimester, behind the diaphragms, stomach and liver, which appear are translucent w...
