Masood ur Rahman1*, Zahid Mahmood2, Taj Ali2, Muhammad Aziz Irfan Mufti3, Jehangir Khan Seyal4, Munir Ahmad5
E-mail | masoodra@hotmail.com
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 31, Iss. 1
... The machine is used for mechanical weed control and hoeing. It was observed that the worm gear used in its transmission often failed due to surface wear of gear teeth. Worm gears made from three different copper alloys were tested against soil resistance in sandy loam soil bin. The gears were formed of commercial gun metal (Cu 87.76%, Sn 7.74, Zn 1.52%), gun metal (Cu 88%, Sn 7.38%, Zn 1.78%), and gear bronze (Cu 85.92%, Sn 4.96%, Zn 2.93%, Ni 1.23%). The gea...
Zaffar Malik, Moazzam Jamil, Ghulam Hassan Abassi, Muhammmad Nafees, Muhammad Rafey and Muhammad Kamran
...mendments on the physico-mechanical properties of vertic soils were studied. The potential soil amendments were fly ash (FA) and three types of biochar (straw biochar (SB), woodchips biochar (WCB), waste water sludge biochar (WSB). The physical and mechanical parameters of vertic soil like soil consistency limits like plastic limit (PL), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI), tensile strength (TS), shear strength (cohe...
Irshad Ahmad
...f chemical insecticides, mechanical means, cultural and biological control methods for the substantial control of walnut borer. The present study offers valuable information through IPM, which appears to be a promising approach for the control of walnut borer. Collectively this strategy has resulted in significant reduction of the pest population in the target area of district Dir, Pakistan.
... 
M. S. A. Mamun and M. Ahmed
Integrated pest management in tea: prospects and future strategies in Bangladesh
...t/tolerant varieties and mechanical mechanisms like manual removal, heat treatments, light traps, use of bio-pesticides, bio-control agents and sex pheromone trap need to be given more importance in pest management programme. A tentative IPM strategy for tea cultivation in Bangladesh has been proposed in this paper. Thus the proposed integrated pest management (IPM) strategy should help tea industry for successful long lasting plantations which will ensure con...
Goutam Samui and S. Jha
Biology, seasonal incidence and management of Apsylla cistellata Bucton. on mango in West Bengal
...e the shoot gall psylla, mechanical control (Pruning) and insecticidal control measure were taken up in the district of Murshidabad. In mechanical control, both pruning of 15 cm and 30 cm of affected shoots resulted in the formation of lower number of gall/shoot as compared to control. But pruning at 30c m had been found to be most effective in managing the psyllid gall. In insecticidal control, lowest number of galls were r...
Hussein Aly Hussein1*, Omneya Mohamed Khattab2, Shereen Mohamed Aly2, and Mohammed Abdel Mohsen Rohaim1
...be transmitted either by mechanical as well as intrastadial and transstadial routes. Since capripoxviruses are serologically identical, their specific identification relies exclusively on the use of molecular tools. In this study, we analysed the G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (GPCR) genes of two LSDV isolates from Ixodid (hard) ticks (Amblyomma hebraeum) in Egypt. Multiple alignments of the nucleotide sequences revealed that both isolates had nine nucle...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Khanum Zahra2, Arooj Zaheer2, Khizar Samiullah3
...t because of its maximum mechanical strength, biocompatibility and biodegradability, pore filling ability and very low immunogenicity. In this review structure and types of silk producing gland, spinning process, chemistry of spider silk fiber, mechanical properties and applications of silk in health, military industry and many other fields is discussed. Its antifungal and antimicrobial potentials are also explored. Research...
Leila A. Kaimbayeva1,*, Elena S. Malysheva2, Rashit Kazikhanov3 and Saule R. Kazikhanova4
... capacity and structural-mechanical properties of red deer meat that occurred during the course of autolysis were further confirmed by the histological changes in the meat. Specifically, it was observed that post-mortem changes were characterized by multiple destruction and disintegration of fibers in the muscular tissue, and lysing of cores and their structures. Collectively, these results clearly articulate the irreversible destructive changes in the lean ti...
Ejaz Mahmood Ahmad Qureshi1,*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Seemal Vehra3 and Atif Yaqub4
...the city using back-pack mechanical aspirator. Female mosquitoes were segregated and were pooled (7-9 individuals/pool) and subjected to NS1 Antigen test (ELISA). To determine infectivity in a mosquito population, detection of the viruses in adult mosquitoes was used to calculate Minimum Infection Rate (MIR). Average MIR was highest being 3.52 and 2.94 in late rainy season in 2011 and 2012, respectively, while it was highest (3.06) in early post rainy season i...
Muhamad Jawad*, Shahid Riaz Malik, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar, Muhammad Asadullah, Israr Hussain and Rabia Khalid
Huseyin Cetin1,*, Oner Kocak2, Emre Oz1, Samed Koc1, Yesim Polat1 and Kalender Arıkan2
... Muscidae) is known as a mechanical vector of many pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites. The use of synthetic pyrethroid (SP) insecticides is recommended by the World Health Organization for the control of adult houseflies. Despite the fact that SPs have been used effectively, this insect has developed resistance in many regions/countries of the world. The use of synergistic substances to overcome insecticide resistance is widespread. Piperonyl butoxide (P...
Amer Mumtaz2*, Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1, Nouman Rashid Siddiqui2, Muhammad Naeem Safdar2, Masooma Munir2, Aqsa Qayyum2, Sahar Shibli2 and Muhammad Khalid Ibrahim3
...ced bursts it results in mechanical energy responsible for inactivation of the pathogenic organisms present in food by poration and DNA fragmentation. Ultrasounds have diversified application in meat industry, extraction of bio actives, dairy industry, Enzyme technology, fruit and vegetable juice industry, water, waste water treatment, starch modification and removal of food allergens from food. ...
Junli Sun1,2,3, Lin Bai1 2, Xiaogan Yang1,2, Yangqing Lu1,2, Shengsheng Lu1,2,* and Kehuan Lu1,2,*
... To study the effects of mechanical damage from microopetations on embryo development, we analyzed 60 the spent culture media of porcine parthenogenetic embryos experienced different types of microopetation using Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that Group II with the puncture of egg zona and plasma membrane had the highest cleavage rate and blastocyst rate of porcine parthenogenetic embryos, which was significantly higher than Group I with intact oocyte...
Arifa Savanur1,*, Tallat Naz1,2, Tayyaba Hamid1,3, Syed Abid Ali4, Mian Jahangir1,3 and Muhammad Abdul Azeem4
...vestigated regarding the mechanical responses and the characteristics of elastic elements of their visceral muscle tissues. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of esophageal and intestine tissue strips of Uromastix hardwickii. Tissues were subjected to electrical stimulation in order to observe the graded mechanical response, an...
Feroz Shah1, Mohammad A. Irfan1, Kareem Akhtar1, Abdul Shakoor1, Naeem Khan2
EFFECT OF POROSITY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DIE CAST ALUMINUM ENGINE BLOCK
...n determining the
mechanical properties. An experimental study was carried out to investigate porosity in samples taken from different
locations of the engine block, i.e. thick and thin sections. The samples were extracted from thick and thin sections of
the engine block, having section thicknesses of 20 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Mechanical testing of these samples
was carried out to show effect ...
mechanical properties. An experimental study was carried out to investigate porosity in samples taken from different
locations of the engine block, i.e. thick and thin sections. The samples were extracted from thick and thin sections of
the engine block, having section thicknesses of 20 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Mechanical testing of these samples
was carried out to show effect ...
Riaz Muhammad1*, Naseer Ahmeda, Abdul Basit2, Rizwan Alim Mufti2
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FRACTURE TOUGHNESS, HARDNESS AND LOAD-INDENTATION DEPTH RESPONSE OF TI-64 USING VICKERS INDENTATION TECHNIQUE
...ss blend of physical and mechanical properties which have made them appropriate
for aerospace, chemical, and biomedical industries services. Preeminent strength-to-density ratio, reduced
density, incomparable corrosion resistance and tremendous properties at elevated temperature are the main attribute
of titanium alloys. These alloys also exhibit low modulus of elasticity, making it ideal for spring, body implant,
dental fixtures an...
for aerospace, chemical, and biomedical industries services. Preeminent strength-to-density ratio, reduced
density, incomparable corrosion resistance and tremendous properties at elevated temperature are the main attribute
of titanium alloys. These alloys also exhibit low modulus of elasticity, making it ideal for spring, body implant,
dental fixtures an...
Muhammad Aamir1*, Riaz Muhammad1, Naseer Ahmed1, Muhammad Sadiq2, Muhammad Waqas3, Izhar1
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAD FREE SOLDER ALLOY FOR GREEN ELECTRONICS UNDER HIGH STRAIN RATE AND THERMAL AGING
...owledged due to its good mechanical properties and no
harmful effect on environment. The current work is focused on the examination of thermal aging and strain rates
on mechanical properties of Sn96.5-Ag3.0-Cu0.5 (SAC305) LFS alloy. The selected thermal aging temperatures are 60
°C, 100 °C and 140 °C. Strain rates are measured at 10/s, 20/s, 30/s and 40/s. The microstructure examination
...
harmful effect on environment. The current work is focused on the examination of thermal aging and strain rates
on mechanical properties of Sn96.5-Ag3.0-Cu0.5 (SAC305) LFS alloy. The selected thermal aging temperatures are 60
°C, 100 °C and 140 °C. Strain rates are measured at 10/s, 20/s, 30/s and 40/s. The microstructure examination
...
Nabeel Maqsood1,2*, Afzal Khan1, Muhammad Khalid Alamgir2, Shaukat Ali Shah1, Muhammad Fahad3
PTFE THIN FILM COATING ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL FOR CORROSION PROTECTION IN ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT
...use of their
fine mechanical and excellent corrosion resistance properties in different mediums. 316L SS shows poor corrosion
behavior in HCL. Hard coating is often required for protection of 316L SS from wear and corrosion. In this research
paper polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was coated on 316L SS by spin coating technique to modify their corrosion
resistance in acidic media containing Hydrochloric acid (HCL). The anticorrosion pr...
fine mechanical and excellent corrosion resistance properties in different mediums. 316L SS shows poor corrosion
behavior in HCL. Hard coating is often required for protection of 316L SS from wear and corrosion. In this research
paper polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was coated on 316L SS by spin coating technique to modify their corrosion
resistance in acidic media containing Hydrochloric acid (HCL). The anticorrosion pr...
Rafiullah Khan1, Waseem ur Rahman1, Misbah Ullah2, Kamran Afaq3, Muhammad Amjad1, Sakhi jan1
AGE EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIP JOINT BONE: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
... of a body so its
mechanical behavior is of prime importance. The mechanical properties of bone varies with age. In this paper, the
effect of age on various mechanical properties of hip joint bone was investigated experimentally. For this purpose
hip joint bone specimens of male bovine of different age groups were tested for fracture toughness, young modulus
and...
mechanical behavior is of prime importance. The mechanical properties of bone varies with age. In this paper, the
effect of age on various mechanical properties of hip joint bone was investigated experimentally. For this purpose
hip joint bone specimens of male bovine of different age groups were tested for fracture toughness, young modulus
and...
Farid Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Iqbal1
DEVELOPMENT OF A TESTING RIG FOR VIBRATION AND WIND BASED ENERGY HARVESTERS
...
energy harvesters. The mechanical shakers used for vibration and shock testing are the most versatile, inexpensive
and easy to operate, however, due to their fixed displacement, single frequency and sinusoidal behavior, usage of
these shakers is limited. The less known electro-hydraulic shakers are more robust, but due to their high forces and
high velocities, these are usually utilized to characterize heavy samples. Electromagnetic shak...
and easy to operate, however, due to their fixed displacement, single frequency and sinusoidal behavior, usage of
these shakers is limited. The less known electro-hydraulic shakers are more robust, but due to their high forces and
high velocities, these are usually utilized to characterize heavy samples. Electromagnetic shak...
Faisal Shabbir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*
INVESTIGATION OF USING PAPER INDUSTRY WASTE (HYPO SLUDGE) IN CONCRETE MIX
...ime, final setting time, mechanical strengths (i.e. compressive and tensile strength) and dry density, and results are compared with ordinary concrete (without WPSA).The results showed that WPSA can be replaced up to 15% by weight of cement. Also the initial and final setting time of cement are gradually reduced by increasing the percentage of WPSA. The addition of WPSA results in a lighter concrete. ...
Muhammad Asad Ali, Mirza Jahanzaib, Muhammad Ahsan Ul Haq
ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SQUEEZE CASTING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OVERCAST AL-ALLOY JOINT USING RSM
...queeze casting depend on mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength and yield strength. Mechanical properties depends upon the input casting parameters named as squeeze pressure, pressure duration and melt temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of above mentioned input parameters on UTS and YS. Empirical models for UTS and YS were developed which help the practitioners...
Mujahid Badshah, Saeed Badshah, Sakhi Jan
HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE AND THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY ON PERFORMANCE
...eters diameter and rated mechanical power of 20 kW. Performance metrics of the rotor for steady and uniform flow was simulated at flow speeds from 0.5-3.5 m/s. The turbine achieved its rated power at a tip speed ratio (TSR) 5.7 with a peak CP value of 0.47 and peak thrust of 16.7 kN-m. Additionally, a series of simulations were performed at TSR from 1-10 to obtain performance curve for the turbine at a design current velocity of 1.5 m/s. Effect of solidity on...
Wisal Shah*, Muhammad Nafees**, Muhammad Iqbal***
EVALUATION OF MARBLE SLURRY WASTE FOR PREPARATION OF COMMERCIAL GRADE CEMENT
...tyle="text-align: left;">mechanical properties of their concrete specimens were tested according to American Society for Testing Materials
(ASTM) standards. The test results showed that the cement prepared from marble slurry waste have similar properties
like commercial brand. It was concluded that marble slurry can be used as a substitute of calcium carbonate
Muhammad Amjad1,*, Saeed Badshah1, Muhammad Adil Khattak2, Rafi Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mujahid1
CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKLE FREE TITANIUM ALLOY TI-27NB FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
...ive of this paper is the mechanical characterization of TI-27Nb. Tensile, hardness, microscopy and scanning
electron microscope tests were conducted on TI-27Nb specimens. The tensile strength and young modulus of TI-27Nb
were lower than commonly used Titanium alloy i.e Ti-6Al-4V. The SEM results show mixed brittle-ductile surfaces.
It is concluded that TI-27Nb has lower stress shielding/bone restoration because of low modulu...
Muhammad Asad Ali 1*, Mirza Jahanzaib1, Muhammad Ahsan Ul Haq1
ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SQUEEZE CASTING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OVERCAST ALUMINIUM-ALLOY JOINT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
...queeze casting depend on mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength
and yield strength. Mechanical properties depends upon the input casting parameters named as squeeze pressure,
pressure duration and melt temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of
above mentioned input parameters on ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength ...
Mujahid Badshah*1, Saeed Badshah1, Sakhi Jan1
HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE AND THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY ON PERFORMANCE
...eters diameter and rated mechanical power of 20
kW. Performance metrics of the rotor for steady and uniform flow was simulated at flow speeds from 0.5-3.5 m/s.
The turbine achieved its rated power at a tip speed ratio (TSR) 5.7 with a peak CP value of 0.47 and peak thrust
of 16.7 kN-m. Additionally, a series of simulations were performed at TSR from 1-10 to obtain performance curve
for the turbine at a design cur...
Khizar Azam*, Abdul Shakoor*~ Afzal Khan*, Riaz Akbar Shah*~ Shaukat Ali Shah·
IDENTIFICATION OF VITAL VEHICLE MECHANICAL DEFECTS CAUSING ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN PAKISTAN
...at the two vital vehicle mechanical defects (VVMD) are tyre blowouts and brake failures. The average tyre burst
M. Rizwan Gul*
COMPARISON OF THE OF MECHANICAL AND WEAR BEHAVIOURS OF DIFFERNT TYPES OF POLYETHYLENES AND THE EFFECT OF RADIATION CROSS-LINKING ON THESE BEHAVIOURS
...plores the difference in mechanical and wear behavior of different polyethylenes, and compares the effect of radiation cross-linking and radiation dose on these properties. Three different types of polyethylenes: low density (LDPE), high density (HDPE), and ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE) were studied. Cross-linking was carried out by high energy electron beam at room temperature, with radiation dose ranging from 0-600 kGy. The results show that the stres...
Shahid Hussain Abro
ROLE OF MN ATOMS ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT WEIGHT CHQ STEEL
...teel grade to change the mechanical properties and each element plays his role. The present work has been performed to reveal the role of Mn atoms on tensile properties of experimental steel. Two steels were chosen A and B, in steel A no Mn was present but in steel B Mn was present. Both steels were heat treated at 850°C and 1175°C for 1hr holding time and then microstructure was taken and grain size distribution was calculated usin...
Mehreen Ijaz
Effect of Weave Type on Tensile Strength of Cotton Fabrics
...ave different effects on mechanical and physical properties of fabrics. The study was experimental in nature. It was aimed at investigating the effect of weave type on tensile strength of cotton fabrics manufactured with various interlacing patterns. Fabrics were manufactured by following three key structures of weaving such as plain, twill and satin. Tensile strength of each prepared fabric was determined by following Strip Methods ISO 13934-1. The results de...
Nasir Rashid1,2*, Javaid Iqbal1,2, Umar Shahbaz Khan1,2, Mohsin Islam Tiwana1,2 and Amir Hamza1,2
...a of speech recognition, mechanical parts analysis, seismological issues etc. Efficacy of EEG brain signal classification, using cepstral analysis-based features is discovered in this study. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) is employed as a technique of extracting features from EEG signals. Features classification is performed on various classifiers and compared on the basis of their mean percentage accuracy achieved. Variants of support vector mach...
Amjad Ali1*, Pirzada Jamal Ahmad Siddiqui1, Naveed Ahmad2,Shabir Ali Amir3, Rafaqat Masroor3,Seema Shafique1 and Zaib-un-Nisa Burhan1
...rals by fishing nets and mechanical damage by deployment of lobster pots). Conservation efforts should focus on the establishment of effective marine protected areas, involvement of different stakeholder (well reputed research institutes, universities, dive centers, tour operators, local community), making tourism laws and their implementation, rehabilitation of microhabitats for fish communities through the involvement of local community and creating awarenes...
Ahmed A. Kheder
... respectively. SLRSV was mechanically transmitted from infected strawberry plants onto ten herbaceous plant species, different types of symptoms have been observed associated to virus infection on indicator hosts; Mentha spicata, Chenopodium quinoa, Nicotiana tabacum cv. White Burley and Vicia faba after 15, 18, 20 and 22dpi respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify ~497bp for coat protein gene in RNA 2, the amp...
Sallam A.A.A.1, Hoda M.A.Waziri2,E. K .F. Elbeshehy1, SamiaI.Massoud,1 and Abeer M. Abo El-Wafa2.
...lies. It was transmitted mechanically and not
transmitted by seeds or aphids. The isolated virus was inactivated by 10 min exposure
to 95°C, but not at 97°C, at a dilution of 10ˉ3,and at3 weeks storage at room
temperature. The BBMV was tested serologically against antibodies of Broad bean
stain virus (BBSV) and (BBMV) using indirect ELISA. Positive reactions was
obtained only with BBMV antise...
Ahmed K. El-Attar; Samah A. Mokbel; Ali H. Hamed
...i-
Suef then mechanically transmitted onto healthy onion plants in an insect proof
greenhouse. The virus identification was done by indirect ELISA using specific
antiserum and confirmed by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR)
using virus-specific primers. The molecular characterization for the Egyptian
isolate has been performed through cloning and sequencing for the OYDV CP gene
K.A. El-Dougdoug1, A.R. Sofy2, A.A. Mousa2 and E.E. Refaey2
...
(Solanum tuberosum) mechanically inoculated with PVY isolate under greenhouse condition
were divided to three categories, resistant (Diamond, Execusa, Hermes and Valor), tolerant
(Sisi, Lady Balfor, Nikola, Ditta and Lady Rosetta), susceptible (Anabel and Spunta) based on
different external symptoms, the severity infection and virus concentration. Expressed protein
was differed in leaves of potato cultivars....
Eman A. H. Kattab1,3, A. H. Ebrahem2 , Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2 and Hanan F. EL-Kammar³
...iace. It was transmitted mechanically and by Sitona lineate. It was detected serologically by indirect ELISA using BBMV specific antiserum. Light microscopy of epidermal strips of faba bean infected-leaves revealed amorphous cytoplasmic inclusions (X-bodies). The UV absorption spectrum of the purified virus had a maximum at 260 nm and a minimum at 245 nm. The ratios of Amax/Amin and A260/280 were 1.39 and 1.57, respectively. Yield of the purified BBMV preparat...
Amira A. Mazyad1; A. A. Kheder1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; W. Amer.2; Mahasen, H. Ismail.2; Amal, A.F.1
...numas nematode vector or mechanically from infected strawberry plants onto 16 host species belonging to seven families. Typical leaf curling, chlorosis, vein clearing and stunting were appeared on indicator host (cucumber) 3 weeks post inoculation. Stability experiments of SLRSV showed that the thermal inactivation point was 48-62°C; the dilution end point was 10-4 to 10-6 and the longevity in vitro 10 - 18 days at room temperature. The diagnosis of SLRSV ...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1
...
tested, including mechanical inoculation, wedge grafting, parasitic plant dodder (Cuscuta
campestris), insects in the family Cicadellidae (leafhopper, Empoasca decipiens) and in
germinated seeds within the fruit, suggesting mechanical inoculation and seedtransmissible
were not feasible while the positive results were obtained by the other three
techniques for host plants...
M. A. Kararah1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Salwa N. Zein2 and Abd-Elrehiem, A.F.3
...he virus was
mechanically transmitted, and the percentage of seed transmission was 6%.
PMV was partially purified for its antiserum production. The absorption
spectrum of the purified virus had a min at 245 nm and a max at 260 nm. The
ratios of A260/280, A280/260 and Amax/min were 1.16, 0.85, and 1.04,
respectively. Yield of PMV was 1.7 mg/100g of infected leaves. Electron
micrographs of t...
Manal A. El-Shazly1. M. I .Kobeasy2and Sarah H . Altalhi3
...d to be susceptible when mechanical inoculated under greenhouse conditions. Wide variations of symptoms were found between cultivars. Super strain and super merman were found to be more susceptible than any other cultivar tested which showing 90% infection. Basil essential oil and ethanolic extract of Plantago major leaves was used as antiviral to reduce the infection with TSWV at three concentrations levels (500,1000 and 2000 μg/ml and 50,125,250 μg/ml,...
Asfand Raheel1, Syed Zulfiqar Ali2, Muhammad Waris2, Muhammad Basharat2, Basheer Ahmed2, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder4 and Taqi Raza4*
...been introduced to avoid mechanical injuries and decline the chances of contamination, bruises and decays. Postharvest treatments includes biological agents, fungicides, herbal and natural products, edible coatings and heat treatments can be efficaciously applied in a vast and specific commodity range to prevent great losses....
Aly M. Abdel-Salam
...VYV was isolated through mechanical inoculation. The two viruses were purified using the electro elution technique devised by the author of the present study. Rabbit immunization was used for induction of antisera for CYSDV and CVYV. RT-PCR was used to amplify coat protein genes for the two viruses using specific primers. DAS-ELISA and immuno-blotting were used for evaluating the induced antisera. Results: Antisera for CYSDV and CVYV were produced efficiently ...
Maha A. El-Abhar1, Moustafa A. Elkady1, Khaled M. Ghanem2, Hussieny A. Bosila3
...s readily transmitted by mechanical means and by Myzus persicae with percentage of
60 %. In addition to visible symptoms, infection with AMV also causes ultrastructural changes in
potato leaf cells. Examination of epidermal strips of N. tabacum cv. White Burley using light
microscope showed amorphous cytoplasmic inclusion bodies seemed to be attached to the nucleus
from one or two sites, while those inclusions ha...
Allam A. Megahed, Badawi A. Othman, Samar S. El Masry, Abeer A. Faiesal and Mohamed A. Nasr Eldin
...(DAS-ELISA). The PVM was mechanically isolated on potato cv. Diamant.
Host range was carried out by mechanical inoculation of PVM on a set of different plant species.
Electron Microscopy was used to examine the virus morphology. The cytopathic effect of the virus on
tissue ultrathin section was examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Finally, the PVM
isolate was det...
Ahmed K. El-Attar1, Samah A. Mokbel1 and Om-Hashem M. EL-Banna2
...r cells. On the basis of mechanical
transmission, symptoms induced were similar to those caused by AMV. Presence of AMV in
basil plant was further confirmed by the results obtained from the laboratory-based techniques
such as (DAS)-ELISA, and RT-PCR using a pair of primers specific to the AMV-CP gene.
Phylogenetic analysis results indicated that AMV-Egypt that isolated from Basil is most closely
relat...
Huda S. Darwish 1, Om-hashem M. El-Banna2, Mohamed S. Abbas3, Hoda M. Waziri 1, Maisa A. Awad1
...iv>was carried out using mechanical inoculation into fourteen different diagnostic host plant species and
cultivars belonging to 6 families. Tomato seeds were treated with four different concentration of
NaN3and EMS (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mM) and (0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%and 0.6%) respectively, then planted
into a tissue culture media, induced plants were checked for resistance to ToRSV by ELISA. ISSR
reaction was used t...
Ahmed A. ElWakil1, Ausama A. Yousif2 , Adel A. Fayed3, Ibrahim M. elsabagh2, Mahmoud
El Gamal2, Omnia H. Refaei3
Md. Abdullah Al Mamun1,2*, Shamima Nasren1,3, Sanjay Singh Rathore1 and Kavalagiriyanahalli Srinivasiah Ramesh1
...tic burden were found in mechanical treatment followed by salt, formalin and potassium permanganate. Clinical signs like excessive mucus production, fin erosion, pale gills, and slight hemorrhage were observed in the affected area of skin and operculum. Among the internal organs, liver lost its original reddish-brown and turned to yellowish-brown, intestinal duct remained empty and swelled. Severe infestation in catla caused eye opacity and tail rot indicated ...
Miloudi Hilali1*, Hanae El Monfalouti1, Larbi El Hammari2, Farid Amar3, Zakaria Mennane4, Malika Haddam5, Nadia Maata6 and Badr Eddine Kartah1
...e extraction was made by mechanical cold pressing. After extracting the olive oil, the physico-chemical analysis such as acidity, humidity, fatty acids and sterols was assayed. The results obtained the sample which extracted in the month of december contains a higher percentage of β-sitosterol (95.2%) and higher percentage of oleic acid C18:1 (75.4%). Time of the maturation is a factor that can significantly influence the quality of olive oil. Oleic acid,...
Tajnees Pirzada1*, Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Mansoor Ali Kalhoro2, Mir Munsif Ali Talpur1, Waheed Ali Mirbahar1, Abdul Ghafar Solangi1, Zulfiquar Ali Jumani1 and Rehana Kerio1
...rasted with clinical and mechanical areas. The effect of, zinc oxide nanoparticles and humic acid (HA) coated nanoparticles were evaluated for Brassica campestris seed germination. A simple one-pot method was used to synthesize HA/ZnO NPs involving zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) core (20-35 nm in diameter) and humic acid shell. HA/ZnO NPs were used to investigate the effect on the germination profile of Brassica campestris. Germination profile parameters were ...
Ali Zohaib*, Muzzammil Hussain, Iftikhar Ahmad and Adnan Bashir
...sity for better yield of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR). Current 2-years field study was conducted to determine effect of seeding rate (80, 90, 100 and 110 g per tray) for preparing nursery mats of fine basmati rice on plant growth, grain yield and economic benefits. Seeding rate significantly affected the growth, yield and related traits of fine basmati rice. Increase in seeding rate from 80 to 110 g per tray successively increased number of plants per ...
Yin-Hua Wang1,2, Yi-Bing Zhu1, Li Jiang1, Bin Du3 and Xiu-Ming Xi1*
...pecially for those under mechanical ventilation (MV). Remifentanil, a potent μ-opioid receptor with a rapid onset and offset, is widely used in anesthesia during surgeries, whereas less commonly administrated in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study is designed as a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel-group trial. Eligible 254 adult patients in ICU requiring MV for more than 24 h and ventilated for less than 48 h at the enrollmen...
Warkoyo Warkoyo1*, Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Anggit Ayu Pradana Siwi1, Moch. Wachid1, Ivar Zekker2 and Jumpen Onthong3
...ions on the physical and mechanical edible film. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial was applied with three replications. The 1st factor was glycerol concentration (17.5, 22.5 and 27.5) % v/w and the 2nd factor was STPP concentration (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) % w/v. The results indicated a significant interaction between the addition of glycerol and STPP to pH (8.12 to 8.83), thickness (0.11 mm to 0.20 mm), solubility (36.31 % to 6...
Muhammad Tariq1, Imtiaz Rabbani2, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf2, Imdad Ullah Khan1*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Sajid Iqbal3, Alam Zeb Khan1, Shakirullah1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan1, Atta Ur Rehman1 and Mumtaz Ali Khan2
...zoa faces osmo-chemical, mechanical and thermal stresses, which are predominant at dilution, cooling, equilibration, freezing and thawing stages. They damage functional and morphological characteristics of sperms. Beside these exogenous stresses there is an oxidative stress which damages the spermatozoa endogenously. These stresses can be controlled with the inclusion of antioxidants in semen extender at the time of cryopreservation. In the current study, seme...
Kanakuntla Sandhyarani*, Dhoppalapudi Madhuri, Yadala Ravikumar
...rystals can cause severe mechanical damage to tissues like kidneys, heart, lungs, intestine (visceral gout) and also in the joints (articular gout). Gout is a multifactorial metaboic disease which involves infectious agents, nutritional factors and managemental prcatices. Infectious agents include Nephropathic Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), Avian Nephritis Virus (ANV), Chicken Astrovirus (CAstV) and nutritional factors like high dietary calcium (>2%), h...
Aqsa Fayyaz1, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor1*, Asma Ashraf2, Muhammad Asif Zahoor3, Azhar Rasul2, Humara Naz Majeed4, Muhammad Zulhussnain1, Kanwal Ranian1, Bushra Riaz1, Nazia Khalil1 and Attaullah1
... potentially serves as a mechanical vector for Newcastle disease. During the current study, houseflies were captured and examined for the presence of NDV. A total of 80 samples were collected from eight different poultry farms located around Faisalabad city with ten samples from each farm viz. Khurrianwala road, Shahkot road, Faisalabad road, Satyana road, Jhumra road, Nankana sahib road, Lahore road and Jaranwala road. Homogenate from house flies was first ha...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ayesha Latif2, Majid Hamid Bajwa1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Ali Zohaib1, Naeem Faisal1 and Muhammad Hamza3
...rofitability analysis of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR) in comparison to conventional manual transplanting (CT). Convenience and snow-ball non probability sampling method was used due to less adoption rate of MTR with a sample size of 240. Among targeted MTR growers 72% had 6-row riding type mechanical transplanters (MT), 18% had 4-row walk after type MT and 10% had 8-row riding type MT. Super Basmati and PK 386 were f...
Qiong Xiang1, Jing-Jing Li1, Qian Zhang1,3, Rong-Bo Tian1 and Xian-Hui Li1,2*
...SSTR2) antibody enhances mechanical hyperalgesia in dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGs) based on Pinch-nerve injury painful model. However, more details on the role of SSTR2 involved should have been clearly elucidated. Here in this study, we focused on the early phase of painful process; detected the painful hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by Pinch-nerve injury firstly; and then we analysed the expression of SSTR2 protein in DRGs after injecting Carrageena...
Hafiz Liaqat Ali1, Muhammad Tahir Hassan1*, Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi2, Mehwish Arshad1 and Muhammad Mudassar Sharif3
... indicated), efficiency (mechanical, indicated, brake thermal), and coefficient of variation for indicated mean effective pressure (COVIMEP). Hydrogen blending in NG extends the lean ignition limit, accelerates combustion, and enhances the efficiency of combustion. Hydrogen has an extensive flammability range and very low ignition energy. A blending of hydrogen in NG increases heat release rate (HRR), MFB, indicated thermal efficiency (ITE), and dec...
Muhammad Jan1*, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Javed Iqbal2, Muhammad Aslam3, Rizwan Latif4, Muhammad Arif5, Muhammad Tahir Akbar6 and Hafiz Husnain Nawaz1
...ifferent approaches like mechanical pruning, pruning through use of growth inhibitors, use of bio stimulants, and proper use of mineral nutrients at proper nutrient demanding growth stage and use of different vitamins and amino acids. The current review was prepared by highlighting the use of these approaches for alternate bearing control in olive....
Rafiq Ali Khan1, Sajjad Ahmed1, Salim Raza2* and Shehla Gul1
...), however it becomes Geomechanical more tighter and compacted towards east in Potwar sub basin and southward into Punjab plains, while the reservoir potential and fracture densities increases towards the Kohat Sub basin and frontier regions of Samana Ranges. The Kohat Sub basin and adjoining areas are contributing more than 50% of to the current oil production of Pakistan.
...
Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.Z. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1 and Khalid A. El-Dougdoug2
...Infected fig leaves were mechanically inoculated on Chenopodium amaranticolor L. and reinoculated on Ch. amaranticolar L. and Nicotiana glutinosa for virus propagation. Fresh wood cuttings (4-6 nodes) were collected from naturally infected fig plants. Healthy fig plants were grafting-inoculated with chip budding of infected fig plants and kept in a greenhouse. Symptoms were confirmed by DAS-ELISA. Strips of infected and healthy N. glutinosa leaves were viewed ...
Shama Sadaf1*, Komal Hassan1, Ayesha Saeed1 and Zeeshan Ahmad2
...otton fabric and checked mechanical property by pre and post-test and durability of this finish was checked up to 25 washes. The eco-friendly antimicrobial finish was extracted from leaves of Azadirachata indica, Butea monosperma and Litchi chinensis plants and applied on 100% cotton. Before and after applying antimicrobial finish mechanical property was checked. The antimicrobial finish was applied by pad dry cure method an...
Alia Tajdar1,3, Shaghef Ejaz2, Muhammad Shah Zaib1, Anum Ishfaq1, Syed Muhammad Zaka1*, Hafiz Muhammad Safeer1 and Khalid Abbas1
...sed (cultural practices, mechanical practices, biological practices), but chemical control practices are dominant among all. Besides quick and effective outcomes of chemical control. It also has side effects (residues in fruits, human health issues, resistance, damage to non-target population, environment pollution). In the present study the effect of different botanical extracts on the olfactory response of B. zonata and on the post-harvest quality parameters...
A.Y. Ahmad1, M. A. Amer2, T. A. Mostafa1, F. M. Abo El-Abbas1, and M. El-Hammady1
...te Barley as a result of mechanical inoculation. All isolates reacted positively with monoclonal antibody specific to Potato virus Y group N. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). hemi-nested and nested-RT-PCR were used to study their molecular characters. Three pairs of primers were selected to react with 5'-non-translation region (5'-NTR) and PI gene from the PVY genome. PCR products yielded by one primers pair reached 835 bp. while reach...
Characterization and Molecular Detection of Tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus Infecting Tomato in Egypt
Hayam S. Abdelkader1; Gamalat M. Allam1; T. A. Moustafa2; and M. El-Hanunady2
...The virus transmitted by mechanical means as well as by Thrips tabaci. Its TIP was between 45-50oC, DEP was 10-5 and LIV was between 5-6 hrs. Local lesion technique for biological purification and electron microscopic analysis confirmed the production of mature infectious virus particles underlining the conclusion that a full infection cycle was completed in this system. Both the structural viral proteins nucleoprotein (N) and the envelope glycoproteins GI and...
S.A. El-Kewey1; R.A. Omar1; S.A. Sidaros2 and Samaa Abd El-Khalik3
...y. The virus transmitted mechanically, and by means of Myzus persicue and Aphis fabue. Green peach aphid was found to be more effective in virus transmission than broad bean aphid. Virus transmission through vegetative propagation reached 100% in both cultivars (Chinese and Balady) with different degrees of symptoms severity. Plant height, leaf area. fresh and dry weight of bulb decreased significantly with the increasing of severity symptoms on garlic plants ...
Yisi Chen*, Jun Zhang and Fayin Li
...was used to evaluate the mechanical pain before and after the incision. L3-L5 was taken 1h after incision. The phosphorylation level of GluN2b, p38MAPK, ERK, JNK and EPAC was measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence. We found that the mechanical pain induced by plantar incision peaked at 1h after surgery and lasted for 3 days. Compared with the isoflurane group, the mechanical pain ...
Saiwa N. Zein
...virus was transmitted by mechanical inoculation. Symptoms were reproduced in the greenhouse on D.Kaki seedlings and tested host plants. Host range of the virus studied was restricted in Chenopodiceae. Cucurbitaceae. Ebenaceae. Leguminosae and Solanaceae. The identity of the virus to TRV was confirmed by mode of transmission. particle morphology and serological typing. Examination or the purified virus preparation 1» electron microscopy revealed rod-purif...
Somia Eissa Sharawi
...ibility of biological or mechanical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by insects in the environment.
Keywords | Insects, Biological transmission, Mechanical transmission, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
...
Nadeem Akmal1, Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Yousaf2, Waqar Akhtar1 and Hassnain Shah1
...e economic comparison of mechanical and conventional rice sowing methods in the rice-wheat cropping zone of the Punjab province has been made by applying economic analysis technique. As, Basmati-Super and Basmati- 386 are main rice varieties grown in the country. Thus, this study is based on data of 46 purposively selected farmers for the crop season 2021, including 30 and 16 farmers of Basmati-386 and Basmati-Super, respectively. Cost comparison of the crop p...
El-Dougdoug2, Kh.A; Ghalyl, M.F. and Tahal , M.A.
... were teated CF with CMV mechanically inoculated onto one leaf, the other non-treated leaf was CMV inoculated after 7 days of treatment. In 1 st experiment, CF treatment was able to considerably reduced the number of local lesion and in 2nd experiment, plants treated with CF showed variable visible viral symptom9compared with the broth media treated control 15 days post inoculation and remained symptom less throughout the study period. Such five Streptomyces s...
Ahmed, AmalA.; Zein, Salwa N. and Khatab, Eman A. H.
...ieties from 22 tested by mechanical inoculation. The virus was transmitted in a non-persistent manner using Myzus persicae Sulz. Infected plants were reacted positively only with the specific antiserum for the CeMV using double antibodies sandwich—enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). It was successfully purified from infected N. tabacum L. var. White Burley leaves and virus particles had filamentous flexuous shape. Only one band of purified vir...
*El-Helaly, Sahar H.; ** Ahmed, Amal A.; * Awad, M.A. and ** Soliman, A.M.'
..., Egypt. AMV was readily mechanically inoculated by sap extracted from infected potato leaves to host plants (bioassay). The identity of AMV isolate was confirmed by sequence analysis of their coat protein (CP) gene. The sequence of the coat protein gene (CP) of AMV was determined from cDNA clones. The CP gene was cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector, and transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain DH5a. The recombinant plasmids were obtained and sequenced. T...
Ahmed, Amal A. and Fath-Allah, Mervat M.
...ts by either grafting or mechanical inoculation, and PPV was able to infect only 19 plant species and varieties. CMV and PPV can be transmitted by Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae from cucumber to cucumber and woody plants. The best time for leaf sampling was to detect the viruses, in diseased apricot tree by sap inoculation or ELISA, in April, followed by May and June. Double infection by PPV and CMV of apricot trees resulted in synergistic effect where symp...
* Amal Abou El-Ela, A.
...s from 19 by grafting or mechanical inoculation, it has a limited range of experimental hosts. The dilution end-point of infectivity was 10-3, the thermal inactivation point was 540C, and longevity in vitro was of 10-14 h at 250C. PNRSV was detected by double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) was used to amplify a 450 bp cDNA fragment from infected rose lea...
Manal A. El-Shazly1, A. s. 2 Abdel Wahab and Salwa N. Zein3
... Both TSWV and IYSV were mechanically and seed transmitted. TSWV was transmitted by two different thrips species, Thrips tabaci L (33.3%) and Frankliniella occidentallis Pergamde (60.9%) whereas the transmission of IYSV was obtained by Thrips tabaci L. only (45%). Adults of T. tabaci and F. occidentallis Pergamde as vectors of TSWV and IYSV were discussed. Franklinella tritici L. and Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal did not play a role as vectors of these p...
S.Y.M. Mahmoud1 and M. Hashem2
...indicated that BNYVV was mechanically transmitted to Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Beta Vulgaris cvs. Pleno. Tripl and Gloria. D. macrocarpa and B. maritema inducing chlorotic local lesions spreads into the veins. The virus was also transmitted by a soilborne parasitic fungus, Polymyxa betae Keskin as a vector and by seed coating with viruliferous cystosori. the thick-walled resting spores of P. betae. as well as by root vortexing in virus inoculum con...
Amal Abo El-Ela Ahmed; Eman A.H. Khatab; and M.S. Shafie
...he virus was transmitted mechanically and by grafting (chipbudding) but not by aphids. It was successfully purified from infected N tabacum L. cv. White Burley leaves. Only one band of purified virus preparation was observed 3.5 cm below the meniscus of the density gradient. Infectivity test of the viral zone was found positive. The absorption spectrum of the purified virus isolate had a maximum at 262 nm and a minimum at 251 nm. The max/min and A260/280 ratio...
A.A.Farrag; I.A.M. Ibrahim and, H.M. Mazyad
...y. ACLSV was transmitted mechanically from peach trees those showing less vigorous and some abnormalities on growth without leaf symptoms to different herbaceous hosts including Chenopodium quinoa wild, Ch. amaranticolor (Cost&Reyyn) and Phaseolus vulgaris L cv. Pinto. Typical chlorotic spots were appeared on the woody indicator GF305 leaves one month after chip-budding or infected buds. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure wa...
A-New-Whitefly-Transmitted-Geminivirus
...cated that TYMV could be mechanically transmitted to several species of the family Solanaceae with the aid of a special buffer as well as by grafting and whitefly transmission. Electron microscope studies of TYMV showed geminated virus particles with about 18-20 x 30 diameters nm. The molecular weight of the viral capsids was estimated to be 28 KDa for TYMV. Serological analysis also proved that the putative TYMV belongs to whitefly- transmitted geminivirus by...
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain2, Ishtiaq Hassan3, Muhammad Tahir Latif2, Tahira Tabassum1 and Naeem Faisal2
...owth and productivity of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR). Study was performed to evaluate different puddled soil settling periods (24, 48 and 72 hours) and seedling age (20, 25 and 30 days) for decreasing the missing hills while improving plant and root growth, and consequently grain yield of MTR. Experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangement and three replications during 2020 and 2021. Shoot and root l...
Mercy Cuenca-Condoy1*, Lourdes Reinoso-García2, Juan González-Rojas2, Dionel García-Bracho3
...ali are more frequent in mechanical milking systems; S. aureus and S. uberis are present in equal frequency in mechanical and manual milking; Acinetobacter iwoffi and Kocuria salsiccia were only recorded in mechanical milking of dairy herds in Biblián -Ecuador. The study results suggested to improve management and hygiene in dairy farms of study area. ...
Sanaullah1*
...eeds respectively, where mechanical weeding was the most applied control method adopted by 51.8% respondents, followed by chemical (42.2%) and manual weeding (6%) in the study area. Study observed a significant decrease in crops yield due to various weeds found in farmers’ fields. Effective extension services are needed to encourage farmers integrate cultural practices with chemical control management in order to get better crop yield and avoid environme...
Mir Manzar Ud Din1*, Naveed Ahmad1, Muhammad Salman1, Fazli Amin1 and Saeed Ud Din2
...material with remarkable mechanical properties, making it a promising candidate for various applications in the fields of biomedicine, textiles, and engineering. This paper provides an overview of the biochemistry of silk protein, focusing on its structure, synthesis, and functional properties. We delve into the molecular composition of silk protein, the mechanisms of silk synthesis, and the factors that influence its physical and mech...
Muhammad Sarwar Cheema , Muhammad Akhtar , Muhammad Sarfaraz Iqbal
Dilbaugh Muhammad, Muhammad Naveed Afzal, Ilyas Raza , Muhammad Azam Mian
Setter S.D , M.J. Setter , K.A Patane , P. Logan , D. Sydes
Xiaodong Lin*, Guangyao Wu and Fu Zhang
... destroys the intestinal mechanical barrier and immune barrier resulting in the dysfunction of intestinal mucosa barrier....
Muhammad Bilal Zia1*, Ashar Farooq1, Hammad Ud Din1, Barkat Ullah Khan1 and Samee Ud Din2
... in diameter and physico-mechanical properties. Apart from its utilization in wood works, its scope is also emerging in pulp and paper industry. Uses of Paulownia standing in field or its products either timber or non-timber based, has grown interest for its expansion to develop advanced processes for its utilization....
Abdur Rahman Khan1*, Mansoor Ali Khan1, Abdur Rehman1 and Muhammad Umair Khan1
...ow distinct physical and mechanical properties and incomparable chemical and biological properties. Nano based composite wood products are manufactured now a days by incorporating different nanomaterials in the synthetic adhesives. These nano based wood composites are highly hydrophobic, resistant to pesticides, promising physico-mechanical properties, UV resistance, eco-friendly and fire retardant etc. Nano-structures accel...
Zahid Mahmood1, Mohammad Salim2, Nowsherwan Zarif1, Zahid Rauf1, Muhammad Naqash1 and Ahmad Hussain3
...pecies for their physico-mechanical properties and further recommendations for rationale utilization of studied wood species on the bases of strength (physico-mechanical) properties was accomplished in this research study. ASTM international standards of wood testing were followed for physico-mechanical tests, i.e. Density, MoR, MoE, cleavage, tensile, compression parallel to grains, compr...
Nasim Abbas, M. Yousaf Khan, Tanvir Hussain and Muhammad Zahid
...o determine physical and mechanical properties of wood. The thick walled and long fibers were observed which showed its better strength. The wood may be less durable or non-durable, however, chemical preservation can be made easily to enhance its durability. Seasoning may also be done easily if due care is provided. After that the determined results have been compared with shisham wood (Dalbergia sissoo). It can be used as alternate of shisham wood in m...
Tanvir Hussain, Zahid Rauf and G. M. Nasir
...es and determine physico-mechanical properties. Anatomical results revealed that Kasunder wood may be medium, Geiray better and Quercus wood may be good in strength. The wood of all the species may be less resistant to biological agents however, the seasoning and preservation behaviour of the woods may be slow. Based on the results of strength properties the wood of Fraxinus xynthoxyloides and Alnus nitida can be used in making items where minimu...
Zahid Rauf and Syed Jawad Raza
...s tested for its physico-mechanical properties and pulping characteristics to find out its better utilization. Results revealed that the comparatively high value of cleavage made it better for carving and cutting works. A comparison of physico-mechanical properties of Chinar (Platanus orientalis) wood with that of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood properties also showed that the wood could be used as a substitute...
G. M. Nasir and Iqbal Mahmood
...oscope. For physical and mechanical properties (both in green and air dry conditions) the wood samples were prepared and tested according to ISO and ASTM standards. Results showed that Robinia wood is better in strength due to thick walled and long fibers. It is stronger than Shisham wood in different mechanical properties. The wood may be less durable but can be easily preserved with chemicals. Similarly the wood can be sea...
Iqbal Mahmood, Gul Rukh and Tanvir Hussain
...gth figures....
Nasreen Fatima, Tanveer Ahmad Qureshi and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
...g/m3. Physico-mechanical properties of the boards indicated that a quality particleboard can be manufactured from ailanthus wood. At compression ratio 1.1, strength properties i.e. MOR 446kg/cm2, MOE (48348kg/cm2, SWR 155 kg exceeded the minimum standard values by 163%, 71% and 51% respectively. The properties were improved by increasing the CR from 1.1 to 1.2 with parallel increase in board density....
Iqbal Mahmood
... tested for physical and mechanical properties in accordance with International Standards Organization (ISO). The results of the properties are compared with indigenous poplar (Populus spp.), shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) and mulberry (Morus alba) woods and the same wood species found in United States of America. The results of this study reveal that the local white bakain is superior in strength than exotic species. It has also better streng...
Ajiboye, A. A.1, Ebofin, A. O.1, M. O. Atayese,2, M. O. Adedire3, D. A. Agboola1 and M. Kadiri1
...d for 10-15 minutes; and mechanical scarification using coarse sand, gravel and emery cloth abrasion. The percentage germination in pretreated seeds ranged between 70-100%. The emery cloth treatments gave the best result. The proximate analysis of the seeds including the moisture content, dry matter, fibre content, crude protein content, crude fibre content, ash content and carbohydrate content were estimated. The seeds of P. Africana and D. guin...
Zahid Rauf, G. M. Nasir and Sohaib Ahmed
... determine their physico-mechanical properties and evaluate their utilization potential for manufacturing of various wood products. Testing of the standard wood samples prepared from each species was carried as per ISO standards. Results showed that the studied wood species also are used as substitute for the commercial wood species for manufacturing of various wood products....
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir and Iqbal Mahmood
...Anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of 3
species of (Paulownia fortunei, P. elongate and P.
tomentosa) wood grown at Pakistan Forest Institute,
Peshawar were studied under standard laboratory
procedures. In all the studied species, vessels were
found larger in size, the fibres were thin walled and
wide lumened and frequency and size of wood rays was
somewhat higher. The wood of all the three species could
behave better in seaso...
Iqbal Mahmood and G. M. Nasir
...anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of Cedrela toona were determined in accordance with standard methods. The results
indicated that the wood of Cedrela toona is good in all the physical and mechanical properties both in green and air dry conditions and meet the standard requirements. More diversified and extensive use of the wood can be contemplated in addition to its traditional uses....
Hanif Gul, G. A. Bajwa and G. N. Panhwar
...veloped where
cultural, mechanical and chemical methods were
incorporated. During November - December 1.5 to 2.0
meter area around each previously infested trees of
Jacranda mymosipholia and Paulownia spp. were hoed and in
following February sticky bands were applied on stems at
breast height level. For chemical control two
experiments were carried out in RCBD. In first
experiment five insecticides, i.e. Buldock 25 EC, Endon
35 EC, Fenve...
Kanwar Muhammad Suleman and Nadeem Kausar
K. M. Siddiqui
...ttle understood and only mechanical means have been used to reclaim salt affected and waterlogged areas at a great expense by the government agencies such as WAPDA and accepted by the public at large....
Iqbal Mahmood and G.M. Nasir
...Anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of
Conocarpus lancifolius wood grown on Sindh were
determined. Density and strength properties of the wood
were compared with that of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo)
and Babul (Acacia nilotica) wood. Conocarpus lancifolius
wood was found to be better than Shisham wood and
comparable to Babul wood in maximum compression parallel
to grain, compression parallel to grain at elastic
limit...
G. Stoehr, K. Brunner, J. A. Khan and I. Mahmood
...ests on handles and the
mechanical properties of wood on the ultimate strength
of the handle was also studied....
S. M. Yasin and T. A. Qureshi
...ght of the board Physico mechanical
properties of different panels indicated that the
dimensional stability of panels containing cold water
extracted flakes was poor as compared to those
containing hot water extracted flakes. The modulus of
rupture, nail and screw withdrawal resistance of panels
containing hot water extracted flakes were better than
the panels of cold eater extracted flakes....
K.M. Siddiqui, J. A. Khan and Iqbal Mahmood
...anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of three softwood species growing in dry and wet temperature forests exhibit slow growth rate and high density and strength samples from dry temperate forests exhibit slow growth rate and high density and
strength properties than those from wet temperate forest. The results of this study would enable efficient and economical utilization of scarce coniferous timber resources in the country....
Ihsan Illahi and Farrukh Hussain
...r alone with warm water, mechanical scarification, or coupled with soaking in water, KNO3, and IAA gave over 90% germination at 20 - 30°C. A 60-80%germination was achieved with acid scarification, IAA, KNO3, sodium hypochlorite and acid scarification coupled with IAA at various temperatures tried. Large sized and surface sown seeds had better germinability at field capacity and in water-logged situation. Storage unto 12 months did not affect the ...
Mirza Hakim Khan Dr.
...al
Anatolia. Successful mechanical operations in the
forests are carried out during all plantation campaigns....
K.M. Siddiqui and Iqbal Mahmood
...mination of physical and mechanical properties of fast growing Eucalyptus species which are currently extensively being planted in Pakistan. The strength properties of three species viz. E. tereticornis, E.kitsoniana and E. sidropholia were determined and found to better than those of commonly grown local species of hard-wood. The results of current study indicate good utilization potential of these Eucalyptus species for many purposes....
K. M. Siddiqui and Iqbal Mahmood
...a study on physical
and mechanical properties of walnut wood grown in Kaghan
Valley, Hazara Division. The results are compared with
reported values of the same species in the literature.
The strength properties of locally available walnut wood
are somewhat better than those reported in India for the
same species and in Canada and West Germany for Juglans
nigra and J. regia respectively. The testing was done in
air-dry condition in accorda...
Ioryisa Verinumbe
...ermine some physical and mechanical properties. The plywood contains 3 plies: 1mm thick Antiaries Africana facings and 4mm thick Terminalia superba as core. Static binding strength, impact strength, density, moisture content, and glue bond quality were determined as specified in B.S. 4512 (1969) and B.S.1445 (1972). modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), impact strength, density, moisture content and glue bond quality of samples from eac...
K.M. Siddiqui, Jaleel Ahmad Khan and Iqbal Mahmood
...udy reports physical and mechanical properties of
commercially available Chilgoza pine wood. These are
compared with those of deodar wood. Testing of Chilghoza
pine wood was done in accordance with the standard
procedures. The wood properties of Chilghoza pine and
deodar are comparable in air-dry condition. Some
suggestions for proper utilization of Chilghoza pine
wood are given....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh, B.H. Shah and A. Aleem
...er lime concretion cover mechanical stabilization and natural grass cover proved ineffective in increasing the
runoff, as these collected only 7.75 m3, 7.83 m3 , 7.1m3 8.79 m3 and 7.89 m3 water respectively as compared to control which also gave 6.98 m3 runoff. Mud-plaster is also the cheapest treatment as it costs about Rs.4,000 per hectare as compared to the next best treatments, polythene sh...
M. Iqbal Ahmad, Hanif Gul and Wali-ur-Rehman
Mohammad Amjad and Iqbal Mohammad
...small units. Very little mechanical equipment is employed. Finishing operations are generally carried out manually. Annual average
timber consumption based on the data for the past 5 years is 19,000 m3. Mulberry and willow account for 66% of timber consumption. 50% of mulberry is obtained from the state owned irrigated plantation of the Punjab. The entire supplies of willow come from the form lands of Peshawar district. Current export earnings from...
Jalil Ahmad Khan and Pervaiz Akhtar
...nning of the work on the mechanical properties of some of the relatively uncommon timbers grown in Pakistan. Although this study is based on the material from only one locality, it is planned to extend this work to material growing in other areas as well....
Ahmad Shandookh Hameed1, Ali Abd Kadhum2 and Murtada Wafi Beden1*
...ital stays, the need for mechanical ventilation, and higher mortality rates. Additionally, weakened immune systems due to viral infections can also make individuals more susceptible to MDR bacterial infections....
Maqsood Anwar, Shah Khalid and Naveed Akhtar1*
...he appropriate chemical, mechanical and biological
measurements for weed control.
...
Abdul Basit1, Ayesha Zahid1, Syed Tanveer Shah1, Inayat Ullah2, Sana Ullah3*, Muhammad
Kashif Nawaz4, Muhammad Areeb Khalid1, Izhar Ullah5, Fawad Ali1, Shaukat Ali1
...ers used various manual, mechanical and chemical
control methods. It is concluded that okra plant sown on ridges and almost 3 picking
intervals significantly affected the growth and seed yield hence recommended for the agro
climatic condition of Peshawar. Furthermore, Excessive use of chemical herbicides should be
avoided to prevent environmental and human health hazards.
...
Naveed Hussain1*, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Asim Khalid Mahmood2, Muhammad Yasin Tipu3, Mamoona Chaudhry4, Hamad Bin Rashid1, Haroon Akbar5 and Abdul Aziz6
...alysis, bone biomarkers, mechanical assessment, radiographic evaluation and histomorphometry. We concluded that Bone-BMA combination showed best results in fracture healing and bone remodeling while Bone-PRP combination was below par than Bone-BMA but was superior to Bone-DFS combination. More clinical research may be required before widespread use of these regimens. Furthermore, it is paramount that veterinary orthopedic surgeons must have contemporary knowle...
Muhammad Farooq* and Sanam Zarif
...ides such as glyphosate, mechanical removal, and organic pesticides. The use of biological control agents has proven successful in certain situations. ...
Plinio Vargas Zambrano1*, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Julio Ibarra Arteaga4, Camilo Chávez Ceballos4 and Ramona Párraga Alava1
...ion was carried out by a mechanical method which used a KM grater which consists of generating friction on a surface with sharp holes to separate the fibers into particles, colorimetry analysis was performed with a Konica Minolta CR-400 colorimeter, a viscosity analysis using a rotational viscometer and a hedonic scale of 7 points sensory analysis, the data were processed in the Minitab program, ANOVA and Dunnet. It was determined that there was a significant ...
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture
September
Featuring
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Optimizing Agricultural Growth: Targeted Farm Credit Allocation Strategies for Sustainable Crop Yields in Pakistan
Rehmat Ullah, Riaz Ahmed, Muhammad Tahir, Abdul Majid Nasir and Mushtaq Muhammad
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol.40, Iss. 4, Pages 1344-1353
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Quality and Consumer Acceptability of Cottage Cheese Prepared from the Blend of Cow and Goat Milk
Aamara Ibrahim, Ihsan Mabood Qazi, Majid S. Hashmi, Ayaz Ahmad, Hisham Javed, Fawad Ahmad and Sadia Mukhtar
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol.40, Iss. 4, Pages 1330-1343
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Evaluation of Cell-Free Supernatant from Xenorhabdus nematophila Bacteria and Two Insecticides against Mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis under Laboratory and Field Conditions
Ahmed Shamkhi Jabbar and Saadoon Murad
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol.40, Iss. 4, Pages 1322-1329
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Monitoring the Impact of Changes in Groundwater Quality Indicators in Western Karbala on Wheat Growth using Sentinel-2 Data
Halla H. Ahmed, Aurass Muhi Taha Al-Waeli and Fadia W. Al-Azawi
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol.40, Iss. 4, Pages 1312-1321
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