Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1
Life Sciences International Journal Issue 7 Volume 1
...tween the representative strains. Furthermore, these strains have shown homology with previously characterized strains from Pakistan (O/PAK Lahore), Afghanistan, Iran, India, Nepal and Bhutan. Phylogenetically, these strains clustered into PanAsian II lineage of FMD O serotype along with previously characterized strains
Sehrish Kanwal, Ali Saeed, Muhammad Munir, Memoona Arshad
British Journal of Virology
...tween the representative strains. Furthermore, these strains have shown homology with previously characterized strains from Pakistan (O/PAK Lahore), Afghanistan, Iran, India, Nepal and Bhutan. Phylogenetically, these strains clustered into PanAsian II lineage of FMD O serotype along with previously characterized strains
Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1
British Journal of Virology
...tween the representative strains. Furthermore, these strains have shown homology with previously characterized strains from Pakistan (O/PAK Lahore), Afghanistan, Iran, India, Nepal and Bhutan. Phylogenetically, these strains clustered into PanAsian II lineage of FMD O serotype along with previously characterized strains
Lei Chen, Ling Zhu, Zhi-Wen Xu, Wan-Zhu Guo
Molecular Genetics of Aichivirus C (Porcine Kobuvirus) in China
... of Chinese Aichivirus C strains. Mutiple Aichivirus C strains and Aichivirus C variants are circulating in China. Recombination events were also observed in Chinese Aichivirus C strains. More further studies are needed to clarify the evolutionary features and pathogenicity of Aichivirus C.
...
Yanina Panzera1*, Nicolas Sarute1, Lucia Carrau1, Jaime Aldaz2, Ruben Perez1
...rsity of the circulating strains....
Xingdong Yang and Lijuan Yuan
...which only certain known strains of virus or bacterium are present through deliberate inoculation with a particular virus strain or bacterial species and being maintained free of unwanted microbiota in sterile isolators. The sterile surgical derivation and gnotobiotic status of the pigs allow studies of the infection, disease and immune responses caused by a specific pathogen in the absence of interfering maternal antibodies, other maternal immune regulators, ...
Gerald Misinzo1,*, Tebogo Kgotlele1, Epaphras A. Muse1, Jan Van Doorsselaere2, Mikael Berg3, and Muhammad Munir4
...molecular typing of PPRV strains that caused outbreak in Tandahimba district in 2011. A total of 17 (sheep=0, goats=17) out of 27 (sheep=3, goats=24) were positive for PPRV N gene. The nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis clus- tered the PPRV from Tandahimba into lineages II and IV. The results give evidence of at least two separate introductions of PPRV into Southern Tanzania, underlining the transboundary nature of the disease, particularly in regio...
Galina N. Leonova1*, Ilya G. Kondratov2, Sergei I. Belikov2
... Louping ill virus (LIV) strains in the south of the Russian Far East isolated from Ixodes persulcatus ticks and one strain was isolated from the blood of a person after a tick bite. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these strains are related to LI/A and LI/K strains isolated in England and Scotland.
...
Hu Zenglei1 and Xiufan Liu1, 2*
...inical disease. Virulent strains of different genotypes induce distinct pathological manifestations in chicken organs, especially in lymphoid tissues. Genotype VIId of NDV, which is currently endemic in many countries of Asian and Middle East, replicates at a significantly higher level, induces more potent innate antiviral and inflammatory response, and causes more severe damages in lymphoid tissues when compared with virulent viruses of other genotypes. There...
Ahmed Sultan Jatoi1*, Shahid Mehmood2, Jibran Hussain2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2, Yassar Abbas3, Muhammad Akram2
...rmance in four different strains of Japanese quails maintained at Avian Research and Training Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. For this purpose, 2160 newly hatched quail chicks were randomly picked up from available stock and then placed into 108 experimental units (replicates comprising 20 chicks each). Growth parameters i.e. weekly body weight (g), weight gain (g), times of weight gain, feed intake (g) and Feed Conversion Ratio (...
Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas Faleye1, Johnson Adekunle Adeniji1, 2 *
Tomas Jinnerot1*, Karin Malm1, Erik Eriksson1 and Jonas Johansson Wensman2
E-mail | Tomas.Jinnerot@sva.se
...late was similar to strains of both B. bronchiseptica and B. parapertussis but was considered to be of minor importance for the diagnostics of dogs. In a panel of culture-negative nasopharyngeal swabs from dogs with (n=57) or without (n=17) clinical signs of CIRD, three resulted PCR-positive for B. bronchiseptica. Altogether, the novel assay is highly specific and sensitive for detection of B. bronchiseptica
Mohammed A. Rohaim1*, Rania F. El Naggar2, Ahmed M. Helal3, Hussein Ahmed Hussein1 and Neil LeBlanc4
...lustered with the PPMV-1 strains recently reported from Israel within subgenotype VIb. Our findings report the emergence of PPMV-1 in Egyptian pigeons and the potential role these wild birds can play in the transmission and evolution dynamics of PPMV-1....
Moustafa Kardjadj
...placement of the vaccine strains. The present review summarizes the knowledge generated in epidemiology, diagnosis and surveillance of the disease in the Maghreb countries....
Mohammad Mushfiqur Rahman1, Rokshana Parvin1, Ataur Rahman Bhuiyan1, Mohammad Giasuddin2, Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury3, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam1, Emdadul Haque Chowdhury1*
...indicating that the PPRV strains in Bangladesh are continuously changing their genetic character....
Ahmed Samy, Wesam Mady, Naglaa M. Haggag, Samah H. Mohamed, Ebtissam N. AlShamy, M.K. Hassan
... the impact of different strains on the innate immune response. In the present study, using quantitative real-time PCR, cytokines gene expression were examined in response to infection with two strains of Egyptian H9N2 (namely V3 and RSF/1) in chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Hemagglutinin gene sequence analysis of the two strains reveal high similarity with difference cl...
Aiza Tahir, Muhammad Asif, Zaigham Abbas and Shafiq ur Rehman*
...ncing indicated that two strains were S. aureus, while all others were different coagulase negative Staphylococci. Their sensitivity against three phages indicated broad host range of phages SANF and SA2, and relatively narrow host range of phage SA. Phage SNAF showed an effective growth reduction of S. aureus RP isolate, compared with other bacteriophages. The bacterial challenge test in milk indicated that proliferation of S. aureus was successfully ceased u...
Iram Liaqat1*, Najma Arshad2, Muhammad Arshad3, Safdar Ali Mirza4, Nazish Mazhar Ali1 and Ammara Shoukat1
... health issues. Among 24 strains isolated from Shaukat Banaspati Ghee industry (Grw) and Shezan foods (pvt) Ltd, Lahore, Pakistan food industry, 10 highly antibiotic resistant strains were subjected to morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization. 16SrRNA sequencing was performed to identify three highly resistant strains at species level. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous...
Sidra-Tul-Muntaha1, Muhammad Sagheer1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan1 and Shahbaz Talib Sahi2
Sameera Akhtar1*, Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khushi Muhammad1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Muhammad Anees2, Imran Rashid1, Raza-ur-Rehman3 and Irshad Hussain1
...derstanding of field NDV strains. The NDVs, a prototype of Avian Paramyxoviruses (APMV-1), have been reported previously both in chicken and feral birds (natural reservoirs) in Pakistan; however, their molecular characterization is largely inadequate and requires continuous evaluation. In this study, sequencing and molecular analysis of fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (HN) genes of NDV strain isolated from an outbreak in a peacock flock was undertaken. Proteolyti...
Nadeem Rashid1,*, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa1, Mohammad Masood Tariq1, Tanvir Ahmad2, Majed Rafeeq1, Zafar Ahmad1, Mohammad Arif Awan1, Mohammad Ali1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Asad Ulah1 and Amanullah Khan3
...d and among the isolated strains of A. flavus having capacity to produce aflatoxin was investigated in this study. Finished commercial broiler feed samples (n=96) were collected from broiler chicken farms in and around Quetta district. Physical properties i.e. moisture and pH were determined by oven drying and pH meter, respectively. Viable fungal count of the feed samples was estimated by using spread plate technique. Identification of fungal is...
Urooj Fatima1, Arslan Mehboob2, Muhammad Abid3, Muti-ur-rehman Khan4 and Tahir Yaqub4*
...oth CPV-2 and new CPV-2a strains are circulating in the domestic dog poputlation in Pakistan. This pioneer research on the molecular characterization of CPVs in dogs would establish foundations to carry out effective control strategies in future.
... 
Antibacterial Activity by Chlorogenic Acid Isolated through Resin from Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.)
Ahmed Mujtaba1, Tariq Masud1, Asif Ahmad1, Waqar Ahmed3, Saqib Jabbar3* and Robert E. Levin2
...inst different bacterial strains for antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of isolated compound was also measured. Two antibiotics were used as references compounds for antibacterial activities. The aqueous ethanolic extract having 968.125 µg/ml of chlorogenic acid inhibited significantly the growth of tested bacterial strains. Among the bacterial strain tested Salmonella entritidis and
Sitansu Pan and Someshwar Bhagat
Biological control of plant diseases
...nrol potential including strains belonging to bacterial genera such as Agrobacterium, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces and Bacillus, and fungal genera such as Gliocladium, Trichoderma, Ampelomyces, Candida and Coniothyrium. Trichoderma and Pseudomonas fluorescens are the most important and widely used bioconrol agents being used across the world for the management of several plant diseases. Some bacterial biocontrol agents can inhibit both bacterial and fungal pathog...
M.A. Pendse, P.P. Karwande and M.N. Limaye
Past, present and future of nematophagous fungi as bio-agent to control plant parasitic nematodes
...h to i) screen different strains of NF that are tolerant to antagonism by other fungi, and ii) develop a bioagent based on nematophagous fungi which will show consistent success for the controlling of phytonematodes are also suggested....
Obaidullah1, Zafar Ali Shah1* and Sami Ullah2
...all three aforementioned strains of bacteria at 5 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml and 80 µg/ml concentrations versus their counterparts of Lapachol and above mentioned metallic salts....
Hussein Aly Hussein1*, Omneya Mohamed Khattab2, Shereen Mohamed Aly2, and Mohammed Abdel Mohsen Rohaim1
...sequences of SPV and GPV strains, 21 nucleotide insertion and 12 nucleotides deletions were identified in the GPCR genes of our isolates and other LSDVs. The amino acid sequences of GPCR genes of our isolates contained the unique signature of LSDV (A11, T12, T34, S99 and P199). Phylogenetic analyses showed that the GPCR genes of LSDVs identified from ticks were closest genetically to the previously detected LSDVs from infected ruminants, indicating a potential...
Saba Irshad1,*, Ayesha Ashfaq1, Ammara Muazzam1 and Abida Yasmeen2
...ant bacterial and fungal strains. Both extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, E. coli and S. aureus. All alcoholic extracts were competent enough to reduce the growth rate of M. canis and A. flavus up to 35%, with no inhibitory influence on Candida species and F. solani. These extracts fully inhibit growth of PC3 cells. Moreover, partially purified lectin, from Curcuma longa L...
Fareeda Tasneem1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*
... in ten locally isolated strains of Paramecium species including a standing-alone on the basis of 18SrDNA gene sequence strain FT8. In order to readdress the relationships of FT8 strain with other strains of Paramecium species, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed on the basis of H4 gene sequences. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the aligned sequences of our study with 22 entries of closely...
Kulsoom Akhter1, Tahseen Ghous1,2,Saiqa Andleeb3,*, Faiz-ul-Hassan Nasim4, Samina Ejaz5, Zain-ul-Abdin1, Bilal Ahmed Khan1 and Muhammed Naeem Ahmed1
..., in above sequence, the strains accumulated 118.2, 121.87 and 90 mg/g Cr (VI), 135, 127.5 and 146.25 mg/g Ni (II) and 120, 129.37, 135 mg/g Cd(II). Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied and found suitable to describe biosorption of selected metals by the isolated strains.
...
Jawad Anwar* and Zafar Iqbal
...man pathogenic bacterial strains. T. harzianum was grown under different conditions and their extracts were evaluated, using disc diffusion method against tomato wilt causing bacteria (Xanthomonas campestris and Clavibacter michiganensis). Extracts that resulted in strong activity were fractionated into acetonitrile and ethyl acetate followed by testing against human pathogenic bacterial strains (Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas...
Lucas Pedroso Colvero1, Paulo Eduardo Brandão2*, Cesar Alejandro Rodriguez Rosales2, Hanny Swam3 and Laura Yaneth Buitrago Villarreal1
...ssachusetts M41 and D274 strains), NDV (Clone 30), aMPV (BUT 8544) and IBDV (classic strain) whereas vaccine B contains IBV (Massachusetts M41 and a Brazil type strain), NDV (LaSota strain), aMPV (TRT strain) and IBDV (GP82 strain). Viscosity values for vaccines A and B where determined to be 40.2cP and 83.3cP, respectively, and a microscopic examination showed that vaccine A has a homogeneous emulsion, whereas vaccine B has a highly heterogeneous appearance. ...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Wasiullah1 and Wiqar Ahmad1
...ss the role of different strains of cyanobacteria in improvement of some major plant nutrients and soil organic matter content (SOM) under saline soil and yield of rice crop at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Islamabad during summer 2016. Pots were induced with salinity of 7.0 dS m-1 and arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Six treatments consisted of a control (no strains) and...
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
... stage and Agrobacterium strains that deliver T-DNA into plant cell from which whole plant can be regenerated. The results indicated that optimal embryo physiological age is 15 and 18 days after pollination and transient transformation efficiency decreased at 22 days after pollination. Enhanced transient beta glucuronidase (GUS) expression with average frequency of 40.56% was noticed with three days of co-cultivation period while two days of co-cultivation per...
Habibun Nabi1, Saher Islam2, Amna Arshad Bajwa2, Imran Rashid1,*, Haroon Akbar1, Wasim Shehzad2, Kamran Ashraf1, Nisar Ahmad1 and Aneela Durrani3
...lonal types and atypical strains, and on the basis of restriction map of HhaI and Sau3AI, our 3 isolates of T. gondii were found more closely linked to a typical strain. This is the first genetic analysis of T. gondii in Pakistan. In order to develop our knowledge about the toxoplasmosis epidemiology, further genotype analyses of T. gondii from animals and man need to be performed in Pakistan.
...
Rabia Arif*, Shahar Bano, Muhammad Ishfaq and Muhammad Saleem
...SU) of different natural strains of the Pyrenomycete, Sordaria fimicola, to examine genetic diversity. Strains were taken from two contrasting environments (Natural and Harsh) from the south facing and north facing slopes of Evolution Canyon, Israel. Sequenced amplicons were introduced to the NCBI database as a query in BLASTN. The query revealed >100% resemblance with the Ascomycota genus Sordaria and the t...
Zia-ur-Rehaman1, Naila Chand1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Rifat Ullah Khan2,*
...e status of four broiler strains. Day old broiler chicks (n=242) of four different commercial strains (Ross, Hubbard, Cobb and Arber Acer) were placed in brooding room in first two weeks and then chicks were divided into two groups: TN and HAT zones. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature, while chicks in HAT zone were kept at high ambient temperature. Chicks in each group were further divided into ...
Hailong Dong1, Hui Zhang2, Kun Li2, Khalid Mehmood2,3, Mujeeb Ur Rehman2, Fazul Nabi2, Yajing Wang2, Zhenyu Chang1,2, Qingxia Wu1,* and Jiakui Li1,2,*
...g for 60 (74.04%) of all strains, while mouse subcutaneous-infection model revealed that 45(55.56%) of the isolates were “killers”, 20 (24.69%) were pathopoiesia but not lead to die and 16 (19.75%) of the isolates were non virulent. This study reported the occurrence of pathogenic E. coli isolated from Tibetan piglets with white score diarrhea which highlights the threat of pathogenic E.coli in free ranging Tibetan piglets, as the loc...
Temel Gokturk1, Elif Tozlu2,* and Recep Kotan2
...ts. Totally 10 bacterial strains including 2 strains of Brevibacillus brevis (CP-1, FD-1), 1 strain of Bacillus thuringiensis (FDP-1), 2 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae (FDP-8, FDP-42), 2 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstakii (FDP-41, BAB-410), 1 strain of Bacillus subtilis (EK...
Maryum Fakhar, Iqra Jabbar, Anjum Nasim Sabri*
...ion of two salt tolerant strains [Bacillus subtilis and Halomonas aquamarina (1)] in the presence of nickel. Two concentrations of nickel were used i.e., 500μg/ml and 1000μg/ml for subsequent tests. The results revealed that at low/ sub-inhibitory concentration of nickel (500 μg/ml), motility is inhibited; adhesion, hydrophobicity, aggregation, EPS production and biofilm formation of two strains are increased. This ...
Asma Akhtar, Abdul Rehman
...to 1 mM of K2Te2O3. Both strains showed maximum growth at 37ºC and pH of 7. The bacterial growth in the presence of metal ions was delayed as compared to the control. High ellurite reduction potential was shown 98% (1f) and 97% (2b) after 24 h of incubation. Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity was increased to 279% (1f) and 150% (2b) when ompared to the respective control indicating the ability to tolerate tellurite tress. Differential patt...
Bushra Mazhar1, Nusrat Jahan1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa andleeb2, Shaukat Ali2*
...to vanillin by bacterial strains is of greater interest nowadays. Bioproduction of vanillin is not only considered natural but also safe for human health....
Zia ur Rehman1, Naila Chand1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3
... four commercial broiler strains in two different temperature zones i.e., thermoneutral zone (TN) and high ambient temperature zone (HAT) group. Day-old broiler chicks (n=242) of four different commercial strains (Ross, Hubbard, Cobb and Arber Acer) were placed in brooding room for the first two weeks and then chicks were divided into two groups: TN and HAT. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature ...
Amjad Khan1,*, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq1, Mansur ud Din Ahmad1, Jawad Nazir1, Zahida Fatima2, Asghar Khan3 and Shahid Hussain Farooqi3
... to identify circulating strains for control and prevention of future outbreaks.
...
Tahira Kamal1*, Saeed-Ul-Hassan Khan2, Amir Bin Zahoor3, Khalid Naeem3, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar4, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...-4 dilution) than others strains A and Asia -1 (positive reaction upto -3 dilutions). Further studies will be conducted to develop LAMP PCR as field test that does not require RNA extraction.
...
Muhammad Abubakar,1,2,* Aamer Bin Zahur,1,3 Khalid Naeem1,3, Muhammad Azeem Khan1,3 and Subhan Qureshi4
... that all Pakistani PPRV strains, regardless of the gene used either F or N, clustered in lineage IV which is the most prominent and prevalent lineage of Asia. The distribution of Pakistani strains of PPRV was more dispersed as the isolate collected from Taxilla was clustered slightly distinct compared to rest of the isolates collected from Pakistan. Our findings are indicative of PPR endemic state of the country.
...
Aqsa Waqar1, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Sania Begum2*, Tayyaba Rehman1, Rabia1, Armghan Shehzad2, Wajya Ajmal2, Syeda Shahdana Zia2, Iqra Siddiqi2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali2*
...upposition because fresh strains have greater adaptation to higher temperatures and countries closer to the equator. Crop damages can reach 50 - 100%, due to infected plants and shriveled grain. These problems can be overcome by knowledge about the disease, identifying resistance lines and subsequently develop resistant varieties with an aim to shorten the disease cycle. One of the quickest ways in this direction is the designing molecular markers for non-race...
Muhammad Naeem1, Bushra Sadia1,2,*, Faisal Saeed Awan1and Muhammad Anjum Zia3
...isolates of EtBr-treated strains, EB4 gave the maximum enzyme activity (7.3 ± 0.005 U ml-1) with a zone diameter of 6 mm. While UV6 was found to be the best UV-induced mutant with an enzyme activity of 20.333 ± 0.006A U ml-1 and 16 mm of zone diameter. The current results indicated 400 % and 146% enhanced SK activity in mutants UV6 and EB4, respectively, compared to wild type. UV6 also exhibited the highest enzyme...
Bashir Ahmad1, Muhammad Idrees1,*, Kafeel Ahmad1, Dawood Ahmad2, Sajid Ali3 and Shumaila Bashir4
...is (M. tuberculosis) strains predominant in the province. Therefore, this study was planned to study the genetic diversity in the M. tuberculosis isolates isolated from clinical samples. In the current study total 794 patients were tested for suspected tuberculosis by fluorescence microscopy and GeneXpert system during the study period (2015-2016) at the Provincial TB Reference Laboratory, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Among the 794 patients studied...
Iracema Nunes de Barros1,2, Luciane Dubina Pinto3, Rosely Bianca dos Santos Kuroda1, Sheila Oliveira de Souza Silva1, Leonardo José Richtzenhain1,2, Cláudio Wageck Canal3 and Paulo Eduardo Brandão1,2*
...M gene showed that eight strains were CCoV-II twenty-six were CCoV-I. These findings show some genetic features of CCoV in Brazil and may require future studies to elucidate full genome sequences of these isolates to better assess the disease transmission dynamics and future control strategies. ...
Saba Rafique1,2,*, Khalid Naeem1, Naila Siddique1, Muhammad Athar Abbas1, Aamer Ali Shah2, Akbar Ali1, Abdul Rahim1 and Farooq Rashid1
... other known IBV vaccine strains, the isolate was named as KU145467_NARC/786_Pakistan_2013 (also named as Pak-786) was subjected to Spike gene sequencing covering the amino-terminus region of 01 to 974 base pairs. The S protein sequence was submitted to the GenBank with accession number KU145467. Phylogenetic grouping and maximum nucleotide sequence identity values were used to identify the isolate that looked to be derived from recombination. It showed maximu...
Javid Iqbal, Asghar Ali Mian, Tanveer Ahmad*, Shamsul Hassan** and Sohail Hassan Khan*
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC TRAITS OF FOUR IMPORTED BROILER STRAINS UNDER LOCAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN
...tionally reputed broiler strains, imported in Pakistan, under the local environmental and management conditions. A total of 360 day old chicks of four broiler strains (90 from each strain) were procured from the local hatcheries and designated as four treatments i.e., A (Hubbard), B (Arbor Acres), C (Ross 308) and D (Hybro PN). The chicks were raised under recommended rearing requirements for 7 weeks and the economic traits ...
Muhammad Zahid Kiani*, Arshad Ali**, Tariq Sultan** and Muhammad Munir Ahmed***
CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ROOT SYSTEM OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUS L) GROWN UNDER SALT AFFECTED AREA OF PAKISTAN
...cterization of bacterial strains from rhizosphere, endosphere and rhizoplane of sunflower. Thirty six bacterial strains were selected out of 44 from plant root samples along with rhizospheric soil, collected from different salt affected areas of Central Punjab (Pakistan). Selected bacterial strains were characterized morphologically as well as biochemically at National Agricultural Researc...
Tosif Tabassam*, Tariq Sultan**, M.Ehsan Akhtar**, M.Mahmood-ulHassan** and Arshad Ali**
SUITABILITY OF DIFFERENT FORMULATED CARRIERS FOR SUSTAINING MICROBIAL SHELF LIFE
...ing rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains from maize rhizosphere. Different combinations of material were prepared using clay soil (35-50%), fly-ash (30-45%), press mud (5-15%) and lignite (5-15%). Clay soil (53% clay) was used for adhesion purpose but considering free of lump formation an important property of a good carrier, mixing 40% of soil with other material was found suitable. Using 40% of soil, six different treatments were formulated and physico-chemical char...
Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz**, Mushtaq A. Saleem*** and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi**
BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES INDUCED BY ABAMECTIN IN SIXTH INSTAR LARVAE OF THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (HERBST)
...ate susceptible (FSS-II) strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae in the laboratory. The objective was to examine changes in production or activities of carboxylesterase (CE), total esterases (TE), alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, alkaline phosphatase (AkP), acidic phosphatase (AcP), total protein, soluble protein and free amino acids (FAA). The sixth instar larvae of T. castaneum were released and exposed for 48h without food on ...
Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz** and Mushtaq A. Saleem***
TOXICITIES OF AZADIRACHTIN AND POLYCHLORINATED PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON AGAINST RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE) ADULTS
...ate-susceptible (FSS-II) strains of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adult beetles were determined through filter paper impregnated method against azadirachtin (Nimbokil 60 EC) and polychlorinated petroleum hydrocarbon (Tenekil 100 EC). The LC values of these insecticides were worked out as 12830 and 50 9331 ppm for azadirachtin and 5148 and 4047 ppm for Tenekil 100 EC against PAK and FSS-II st...
Muhammad Zahid Kiani*, Tariq Sultan**, Arshad Ali**, Ghulam Qadir*** Imdad Ali Mahmood**, Tauseef Tabassam**, Muhammad Arshad Ullah** and Nasir Abbas*
EFFECT OF PGPR STRAINS ON SUNFLOWER GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS UNDER SALINITY STRESS
...ormance of four isolated strains in five treatments viz., KS 44, KS 7, KS 41, KS 42 and KS mix under four different artificially developed -1 salinity levels (5, 8, 10 and 12 dS m ) at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad. Hybrid seeds (SMH 0917) of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) were used. After six weeks of sowing, plants were harvested and data regarding root length, plant height, root dry weight and shoot dry weight were recorded. The plant g...
Abdul Rehman Khan*, Muhammad Mahmood–Ul-Hassan**, Rizwan Ahmad** and Anjum Munir ***
ARSENIC III TOLERANCE POTENTIAL OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM POLLUTED AND NON-POLLUTED SOILS OF PAKISTAN
...ngi was explored. Fungal strains were isolated from peri-urban soils of Multan and Gujranwala irrigated with untreated industrial or municipal effluent. Some fungal strains were also isolated from non-polluted soils of Islamabad area. Arsenic (III) tolerance potential of 18 fungal isolates was tested by growing them on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium amended with different concentrations of As (50 to 5600 mg/L). The fungal...
Rabia Faiz and Dilara A. Bukhari*
.../i> positive B.t. strains against 3rd instar larvae of mosquito. Larval mortality was noted after 24 h and GCU B.t. 4 (400± 1.15) was found to be the most toxic against 3rd instar larvae of mosquitoes. Spores LC50 values of other isolates were 451± 0.90 (GCU B.t. 1), 511± 0.85 (GCU B.t. 2), 525± .013 (GCU B.t. 5), 582± 0.66 (GCU B.t. 3) and 850±...
Hongwei Liang1,2,*, Miaomiao Tong1, Lihuan Cao1,2, Xiang Li3, Zhong Li1 and Guiwei Zou1,*
...llow River, and Japanese strains of Chinese soft-shelled turtles were analyzed and compared. Calipash had higher concentrations of flavor amino acids than muscle. Muscle tissue of the Huaihe River strain had the highest concentration of pharmacodynamic amino acids and the highest concentration (P < 0.05) of arachidonic acid (females: 109.83 mg/ 100g, males: 110.72 mg/100 g). Concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic were higher in m...
Kaori Sasaoka1, Takahiro Kataoka1, Norie Kanzaki1, Yusuke Kobashi1, Akihiro Sakoda2, Yuu Ishimori2 and Kiyonori Yamaoka1,*
...enal injury in two mouse strains differing in radiosensitivity, and determined the appropriate dose of CDDP combined with radon inhalation for highly radiosensitive mice. CDDP was administered at 20 mg/kg weight to C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice after radon inhalation at 1000 Bq/m3 and 2000 Bq/m3 for 24 h. Radon inhalation had a slight positive effect against CDDP toxicity in C57BL/6J mice with respect to improved hair condition, whereas radon ...
Humaira Jabeen and Nazia Jamil*
...cing bacteria. Bacterial strains were isolated from the desert and urban soil samples. A total of 39 strains isolated from Cholistan near Bahawalpur and 24 strains were isolated from various areas of Lahore. Bacterial strains were screened for the production and accumulation of bio-plastic. Only three strains from urba...
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...ng isolated thirty-seven strains, a total of thirteen strains showed satisfactory pectinase productivity. Pectinase production of the thirteen strains was then determined qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Zones of hydrolysis produced by the bacterial strains were ranged from 0.9-2.6 mm2 in diameter. Enzyme production units were 59.0, 57...
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...ng isolated thirty-seven strains, a total of thirteen strains showed satisfactory pectinase productivity. Pectinase production of the thirteen strains was then determined qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Zones of hydrolysis produced by the bacterial strains were ranged from 0.9-2.6 mm2 in diameter. Enzyme production units were 59.0, 57...
Sherin Reda Rouby
... Sheep poxvirus vaccinal strains as control. LSDV yield amplicon differed in length by 21 nucleotides from those produced from SPPV either field or vaccinal strain. Among different LSD clinical samples, skin nodules and scabs are proved excellent sample material as they yield clear DNA bands that reflect the high concentrations of the virus. The results of the current study confirm the suitability of RP030 gene in differentiation of lumpy skin disease virus an...
Evolutionary Analysis and Phylodynamics of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 between 2015 and 2016 in Egypt
Osama Elshazly1, AbdelSatar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2, Ismaeil M. Reda2 and Hussein A. Hussein2*
...itor the circulating AIV strains and emergence of new AIV subtypes in Egypt. The wide circulation of the 2.2.1.2 subclade, carrying triple mutations (120, 129∆, I151T) associated with increased binding affinity to human receptors, is an alarming finding with public health importance.
...
Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1,*, Waseem Akram2, Sumi Lee3, Shakir Manzoor1, Syed Rajab Ayub1, Khalil Ur Rehman1, Shinawar Waseem Ali1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha1 and Sumaira Maqsood1
...ce strain and five field strains each of, Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum, were collected from Punjab, and assessed for their susceptibility to spinosad via diet incorporation bioassays. Based on median lethal concentration (LC50) values, all the strains of S. oryzae and R. dominica were more susceptible to spinosad than T. castaneum
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...khawa (KP) to analyze constrains in the adoption of improved technologies regarding tomato cultivation in March-April 2016. Two union councils Fatima and Babeni from tehsil Mardan were selected purposively based on tomato cultivation. Two villages were randomly selected from each union council. All tomato growers given training by the extension department were selected for interview, thus 104 respondents were interviewed for the study through well-structured i...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Zahir Shah1 and Farmanullah Khan1
... the impact of different strains of cyanobacteria on rice crop growth and nutrients uptake under saline soil condition at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad Pakistan during summer 2016. A total of 18 experimental pots were induced with salinity of 7.0 dS m-1 and arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Six treatments consisted of a control (no strains) and 5 different
Aqeela Ashraf1,2,*, Muhammad Imran1 and Yung-Fu Chang2
...es confirmed that 66% of strains were carrying the traT gene, 26% the Shiga toxin gene and 16% the intimin (eae) gene, while all strains were negative for aerobactin gene. Conclusively, E. coli isolates were resistant to at least two or more antibiotics, irrespective of presence or absence of relevant resistance and virulence genes.
...
Ayesha Munir, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Anjum Nasim Sabri and Imran Sajid*
... eleven S. mutans strains were isolated from carious lesions on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar along with twenty potentially active Streptomyces strains were isolated from the soil of agriculture farmlands. The biochemical and physiological characterization along with the molecular identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that caries isolates are pathogenic S. mutans and soil isolates belon...
Fatma Abdallah1*, Ola Hassnain2, Elsayed Attar3, Haytham Ali3,5, Mohamed Megahed1 and Venugopal Nair4
...update survey of the MDV strains circulating in the Egyptian poultry flocks during 2015 -2016 was conducted. Twenty one vaccinated chicken flocks suffering from different form of lymphomas, representing different governorates in the Egyptian Delta, were screened for MDV infection. Pathological findings in the visceral tumours and presence of viral DNAs with variable mitotic figures were observed in the examined visceral organs. Eight samples were screened posi...
Changqing Zhao*, Zhuochi Chen and Yubin Li
...ts demonstrated that the strains combined with Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Angel Yeast reduced the meat pH, degraded the protein in the meat by the proteases (including acid and neutral proteases) produced during fermentation, and increased the amount of free amino acids and flavored compounds. In these ways, the meat texture and taste were improved, and digestion and absorption were enhanced.
...
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Ikramul Haq1,*, Imdad Ullah Khan3, Naimat Ullah4, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Kashif Hussain1 and Azmat Ullah Khan2
...he prevailing pathogenic strains of Type D Clostridiumperfringens strains and evaluate its immune responses in rabbits, goats and sheep. C. perfringens were isolated from enterotoxaemia suspected sheep and goats from the endemic areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan during 2016. The isolates were initially identified through colony characters, Gram staining and biochemical tests. The identified ...
Abdul Wajid1,*, Asma Basharat2, Muhammad Akbar Shahid3, Sidra Tul Muntaha1, Abdul Basit4, Tanveer Hussain5, Muhammad Farooq Tahir6, Muhammad Azhar7, Masroor Ellahi Babar1 and Shafqat Fatima Rehmani2
...c properties of the FAdV strains responsible for recent outbreaks, the sequence analysis of hexon gene of 10 isolates associated with IBH and HPS was determined. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on direct sequencing of hypervariable region of hexon gene grouped these sequences into two distinct groups, three FAdV isolates were clustered together belonging to fowl adenoviruses C species and serotype FAdV-4. The similar viruses have been common...
Sahar Naz1, Farhan Rasheed2, Muhammad Saeed3*, Shagufta Iram4 and Ambereen Anwar Imran5
...ase (MβL) producing strains possess significant therapeutic challenges.
Objective: This study was carried outto evaluate the efficacy of Colistin against MβL producers.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory,Allama Iqbal Medical College,Lahore, Pakistan from 1stJuly 2016 to 25th February 2017. A total of 12126 clinical samples were collected...
Ahmed Zein Elabdeen Mahmoud1, Muaz Magzob Abdellatif2* and Mohamed Abdelsalam Abdalla3
...tide identity among Hail strains was identified to be 96.2-100%, while identity with previously sequenced Saudi Arabian strains and with reference PPRV retrieved from GenBank was found to be 94.1-98% and 81.2-100%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Hail PPRV strains clustered in four separate groups within lineage IV indicating genetic divergence based on N gene. These find...
G. Venkatesan* and Amit Kumar
...able among ORFV isolates/strains as they are not located in central part of genome and some of them are either virus specific namely Viral interferon resistant (VIR) and GM-CSF/IL2 inhibition factor (GIF) genes and or host specific namely vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-E) and viral IL-10 genes. ORFV can cause high morbidity in adults along with considerable mortality in young suckling animals and showing an expanding host range even to marine species...
Safia Rehman1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1,*, Gerald B. Pier2, Iram Liaqat1 and Bushra Mazhar1
...n), Lactobacillus strains and metal nanoparticles (copper, ferric and zinc). P. aeruginosa isolates showed in vitro resistance against 11 of 14 antibodies tested. The isolates were highly susceptible to meropenem, piperacillin, and amoxicillin. It was also observed that the growth of these resistant P. aeruginosa strains was significantly inhibited in the presence of Lactobacilli spp. and n...
Arifa Mehreen1, Iram Liaqat2,Muhammad Arshad3, Muzzamil Waheed4 and Najma Arshad1,*
...g resistant and virulent strains. With this background, this study was designed to characterize Staphylococcus aureus, the most common pathogen,using conventional microbiological and molecular methods. The agar disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility. Virulence-associated genes were detected using PCR while association analysis was used to test the likelihood of strains carrying combin...
Ali Karabayir1,*, Nazan Arifoğlu2 and Mustafa Öğütcü3
... three different chicken strains, Plymouth Rock, Australorp and Village (local mix-breed village chickens) was evaluated in the present study. Supplementation of disinfectant clearly improved the microbiological quality of chicken drinking water, by reducing the total bacteria, coliform and E.coli counts. On the other hand, disinfectant addition decreased feed and water intake of all chicken strains. Furthermore, the ...
Naeem Ahmad1,* and Zulqurnain2*
... performance of two GIFT strains (GIFT-Th, imported from Thailand; GIFT-Tw, obtained from a local hatchery) in two earthen ponds, fed with commercially available feed. Similar feeding regime and physical conditions were maintained for both treatments. It was found that there was no significant difference in final total length (TL) and standard length (SL) of the fish in both treatments (P>0.05). However, average monthly weight gain, final total wet weight (...
Junaid Akhtar1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Abdul Waheed1, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed4 and Shah Jahan5,*
... (3.3%) of MBL producing strains harbor blaIMP gene while 29 (32.5%) of MBL producing clinical strains were positive for blaVIM gene. In a nutshell, several species of MBL-positive gram-negative rods are distributed broadly in different hospitals of Lahore region of Pakistan. The findings of the present study should be considered for planning strategies to treat and prevent the further spr...
Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Javeria Choudhary1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Sohail Ahmed2 and Muhammad Sajjad Khalil1
... were performed on these strains of T. castaneum. Toxicological studies demonstrated that Fsd-, Jh- and Swl- strains exhibited higher tolerance ratio of 26.5-fold, 21-fold and 18.6-fold respectively relative to Sgd-strain against deltamethrin, whereas, these strains did not have significantly higher tolerance ratio against permethrin and spinosad except Fsd-strain with 9.5-fold tolerance r...
Qiang Li1,2, Guo Qiao2, Li Wang1, Jipeng Zhang1, Ruijun Li1, Ping Ni1, Yi Guo1 and Shigen Ye1,*
...sh were collected and 70 strains isolated from naturally diseased T. rubripes. Most isolates were obtained in May, September and December. The isolates were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and Vibrio spp.-specific PCR amplification, followed by pathogenicity determination. Results showed that the isolates belonged to 10 genera, including Vibrio (72%), Staphylococcus (9%), Pseudomonas (4%), Bacillus (...
Ammara Afzal1, Tazmeen Fatima1, Maham Tabassum1, Muhammad Nadeem2*, Muhammad Irfan3, Quratulain Syed2
...on (SSF) process. Fungal strains of Saccharomyces cervisae, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma koninji and Trichoderma harzianum was used for subsequent process using saw dust as substrate. Three major processes convert lignocelluloses to bioethanol i.e. pretreatment of biomass, enzymatic hydrolysis of raw material and fermentation. The sawdust was pretreated with 2.5% NaOH and further processed for SHF and SSF. Maximum saccharification was o...
Nimra Naseer, Adeela Fatima and Imran Sajid*
...and vancomycin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. In this study, a collection of nineteen actinomycetes strains isolated from Cholistan Desert, Pakistan, were screened biologically...
Waqas Ali* and Mudasser Habib
...e. In present study, 336 strains of serotype O (n = 178), A (n = 82) and Asia 1 (n = 76) were downloaded from NCBI database that mainly belonging to Pakistan, along with three vaccinal strains. Phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood) showed that lineages Pan Asia II, An Iran-05, and Group VII within serotype O, A and Asia 1 are causing majority of the outbreaks in the Pakistan during recent years. Moreover, only one resid...
Tahira Jamil*1, Mohammad Asghar1, Fatma Husain1, Haq Nawaz Bhatti2
...ency of Pleurotus strains for statin formation by cultivating them on lignocellulosic substrates (wheat straw, rice straw, banana stalk) in SSF for 8 days. Among Pleurotus species (P. nebrodensis, P. sepidus, P. spodoecus), P. spodoecus expressed best statin formation i.e., 9.1±1.4 mg/g. Four physical parameters including temperature, pH, inoculums size and fermentation time (each at five levels) were optimized ...
Farah Mansha, Abdul Rehman*
...e activity. The isolated strains have the ability to degrade complex chitin thus they could be used to degrade complex polysaccharides present in the organic wastes and would be helpful in cleaning the environment.
...
Sajid Ali Khan1, Mazhar Hussain Ranjha1, Azhar Abbas Khan2,*, Muhammad Sagheer1, Amjad Abbas1 and Zeshan Hassan2
...>) against two different strains of T. granarium. Plant extracts were obtained by Rotary Shaker apparatus by using acetone as solvent. Four different concentrations 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were prepared by diluting in acetone. The data regarding mortality, growth regulation and repellency of T. granarium was observed. Repellency of plant extracts was tested using area preference method while for the growth regulatory potential of plant extracts, the...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...ecies are more resistant strains or the oil extract does not possess anti-pathogenic agent against tested bacterial species. ...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa Andleeb2, Bushra Mazhar1, Anum Imtiaz1, Shaukat Ali2*
Assessment of antibiogram and resistogram of pathogenic bacteria isolated from irrigated wheat field water
...athogens. Among isolated strains, two belong to genus Staphylococcus spp., other two were Pseudomonas spp. and one strain belonged to genus Salmonella spp. Effect of various parameters such as temperature and pH on growth of pathogens were also studied. Antibiogram and resistogram analysis were carried out through agar disc and agar well diffusion methods. Optimum temperature for growth of all bacterial strains was 37oC and ...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Zahid Hussain3, Amir Sohail4, Syed Shahid Ali4*
Extracellular lipase production from Bacillus subtilis using agro-industrial waste and fruit peels
... A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated, screened and compared for lipase production. Among the evaluated strains, Bacillus subtilis strain NL-39 was selected on the basis of best lipase production. The maximum enzyme activity (34.93 U/ml) was shown by B. subtilis using SSF with soya bean meal. The lipase production by other low cost agro-industrial waste, including sunflower meal, wheat bran, oat bran, rice bran and ...
Siddra Tayyab Akhtar, Anjum Nasim Sabri
Twitching, swimming, swarming in biofilm forming strains in response to chemical and physical factors
...ally different bacterial strains were collected from a drain of sewage
water located in the vicinity of Jinnah hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Six biofilm forming
bacterial strains were selected on the basis of their motility and biofilm forming
ability firstly by growing them on congo red agar medium and then by performing
ring test. By 16S rRNA sequencing, bacterial strains
water located in the vicinity of Jinnah hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Six biofilm forming
bacterial strains were selected on the basis of their motility and biofilm forming
ability firstly by growing them on congo red agar medium and then by performing
ring test. By 16S rRNA sequencing, bacterial strains
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Tehseen Zamir3, Zahid Hussain1, Syed Shahid Ali4*
...ted. Lipolytic bacterial strains (100) isolated from soil and water samples from oil industry, mobile oil filling areas and kitchen wastages were screened on tributyrin agar and rhodamine agar plates. The strain PCSIR NL-37 was identified as Bacillus cereus following morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. Best medium for lipase production was olive oil and mustard oil cake and the best carbon sources were fructose and maltose whereas...
Muhammad Shabir Shaheen1, Shahid Mehmood1, Athar Mahmud1, Jibran Hussain1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi2, Muhammad Yaqoob3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Arshad Javid4,*
..., 240 from each of the 3 strains (Ross 308, Cobb 500, Hubbard classic). All the chicks having uniform body weight were randomly distributed into 36 replicates having 20 birds each according to completely randomized design and were fed the same quantity of feed. The birds were subjected to 4 heating systems during brooding (Floor Heating, Diesel, Gas and Electricity Bulb). Growth performances, blood glucose, cholesterol level and economic appraisal in term of r...
Sumaira Maqsood1,*, Muhammad Afzal2, Muhammad Saleem Haider1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1, Muhammad Ali1, Muhammad Ashfaq1, Muhammad A. Aqueel2 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah2
... by exposing three field strains of S. litura (Faisalabad, Chiniot and Sargodha), under laboratory conditions. Both NPV and Bt were applied using diet incorporation method. Two concentrations of a NPV based formulation (Somestar): 1x107 and 1x108 POB/ml, and three concentrations of a Bt based formulation (Dipel): viz., 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 μg/g, were applied alone and in different combinations against 2
Hao Gu*, Zhi Yang, Weiqiang Yu, Kan Xu and Yuan-fei Fu*
... and biofilm of the four strains of cariogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, low values of MIC of capsaicin on four sectional cariogenic bacteria indicated high efficiency of antibacterial activity of capsaicin. Antibacterial activity of capsaicin on Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus sanguis were proved in this study. In vivo experiments of capsaicin should be conducted later via establishing animal model of caries simul...
Ahmed Samy1*, Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba2, Gamelat Kotb Farag3 and Ahmed Abd El Halim1
...racteristic of velogenic strains. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of all tested strains within sub-genotype VIg. Three isolates were assessed for pathogenicity based upon the mean death time (MDT), the intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) and the intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) in chicken. The ICPI and MDT revealed that all tested isolates were of moderate virulence (Mesogenic) in chickens. Matu...
Muhammad Usman Ahmadand Ikram-ul-Haq*
...Four anaerobic bacterial strains (Anaerobaculum hydrogeniformans OS1, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bilophila wadsworthia, and Roseburia intestinalis) were selected as experimental models for this purpose. Significant improvement in cell density of Anaerobaculum hydrogeniformans culture with maximum OD600nm of 0.80±0.0017 reached after 4 days of incubation when oxyrase used as reducing agent, and maximum OD6...
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...od. The tested bacterial strains include, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, P. fluorescens and fungal strains were Aspergillus. niger, A. flavus, and D. turcica. The maximum zones of inhibition, 23.00±0.56 mm and 25.00±0.50 mm was given by ethyl acetate fraction of leaves against P. fluorescens and A. niger respectively. The crude saponins isolated from leaves did not give significant results against the tested ...
Tahira Moeen Khan* and Amat ul Mateen
...y against four bacterial strains three gram negative (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella) and one gram positive (Clostridium tetani). The minimum concentration of leaf extracts needed against these bacterial strains were also calculated. The present study indicated that Melia azedarach and Morus nigra leaf extracts can be used successfully for nanoparticles synthesis and CuO as signif...
Abdul Khaliq1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Akhlaq Ahmad2 and Yasir Iftikhar3
...ts. Therefore, resistant strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Rhizopertha dominica (Fabricius) and Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) were tested against phosphine and bio fumigants to check their fitness and potential following by F1 generation. Phosphine fitness in term of mortality mean calculated at 300 ppm was minimum against weevil but highly effective against red flour beetle after 24hours while, at 400ppm showed same resis...
Abdul Maalik1, Shahzad Ali1,*, Anam Iftikhar1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Haroon Ahmad2 and Iahtasham Khan1
...hat multi-drug resistant strains of Staph. aureus were major causative agent of bovine subclinical mastitis and there were multiple risk factors associated with incidence of mastitis....
Sohaib Afzaal1, Usman Hameed2, Nasir Ahmad3,*, Naeem Rashid3 and Muhammad Saleem Haider1
...p>...
Tazeen Jamil, Saba Ijaz, Rabia Arif*, Faiza Akram and Muhammad Saleem
...generations of different strains of Sordaria fimicola. The parental strains werecollected from two contrasting environments of Evolution Canyon i.e. harsh South facing slope and neutral North facing slope. Retroelements profiles were generated in order to detect retrotransposons. Strains from South facing slope exhibited more copy number of Ty3-gypsy, LINEs and Ty1-copia
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
...istan. The cells of both strains were rod-shaped, stained Gram positive and formed endospores. The isolates were able to utilize sugars like fructose, Maltose, mannose, xylose, sacchorose, sorbitol, mannitol, Arabinose and polysaccharides like gelatin and starch. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both isolates belong to the same specie Anoxybacillus rupiensis with 99% similarity under Accession number KF254911 (JF82) a...
Sumreen Hayat1,6, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique2, Bilal Aslam1, Habibullah Nadeem2, Asma Ashraf3, Muhammad Saqalein1, Mohsin Khurshid4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Saima Muzammil1,*
...K. pneumoniae strains for the effective management and control of such MDR pathogens.
...
Ragia S. Mohamed1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mamdouh. M. Hamoud1, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shimaa A.E. Nasr1, Manal M. Zaki1, ElShaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...tween vaccines and field strains. The aim of the current work is to evaluate the effect of moisture percentage and pH on the persistence of velogenic NDV genotype VII in the poultry manure which considers a major threat to the Egyptian poultry industry since 2011 onwards. In the present study, manure of specific pathogen free (SPF) chicks was contaminated with allantoic fluid of 8 log2 NDV and kept at room temperature then daily examination of poultry manure f...
Muhammad Rehan1, Asim Aslam1, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan1, Muhammad Abid2, Shakeel Hussain3, Javeria Umber4, Ahsan Anjum1 and Altaf Hussain2*
...and the emergence of new strains is limiting in its diagnosis and control. Pakistan is a developing country and poultry industry is the backbone of its economy. Recent outbreaks have caused huge losses to the poultry industry. This review details the possible role and potential of some common captive and non-captive wild bird species in the spread of NDV and also its economic impact on the commercial poultry industry of Pakistan. ...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
...development of resistant strains of pests and have adverse effects on non-target organisms including natural enemies and pollinators. Amongst bio-rational insecticides, neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators (IGRs) may be exploited as eco-friendly approach in crop pest management. We therefore, evaluated the effectiveness of nitenpyram, Clothianidin, Momentum (Mixture of Nitenpyram and Chlorfenapyr) and Buprofezin against brinjal whitefly (Bemisia taba...
Syeda Shazia Bokhari*, Ghashia Qayyum, Uzma Rafi and Aisha Waheed Qurashi
...racterization. Bacterial strains were screened and those showing positive results for their adherence ability, autoaggregation and coaggregation response were used for the vermicomposting process. Both of these strains were inoculated for vermicomposting and whole of the setup was maintained for 60 days.The results showed that microbes were characterised and identified as Bacillus cereus and Citrobacter freundii
Zhimin Yuan1, Yan Yu2, Yanmei Wang1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...zoonotic pathogens. Some strains of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of bats are pathogenic to humans. Hypsugo alaschanicus feeds on insects and has a wide geographic distribution in China, and people are in frequent contact with these bats. However, assessing the gut microbiota, especially the potential pathogens, is needed for public health. Thus, this study aimed to explore the microbial diversity of the gastrointestinal tract of H. a...
Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3
...ed reference and vaccine strains worldwide. The IBD virus was detected in 9 out of 16 (56.25 %) investigated chicken flocks. Sequence analysis revealed that the analyzed Egyptian isolates identified as very virulent Infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). The identity between these Egyptian isolates and the vaccine strains is ranged from 89.5%-95.6% and 88.1%-97.8% -at the nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels, respect...
Yasir Ali1,2*, Bashir Ahmad1, Naqeebullah Jogezai3 and Adil Hussain1
...vel species. Both of the strains were non-pathogenic and potentially industrial strains for the production of thermolabile protease and alkaliphilic lipase ...
Zil-e-Huma1, 2, Abdul Malik Tareen3, Kaleem Ullah3, Tauseef M Asmat4,Abdul Samad4, Asim Iqbal2, Mohammad Zahid Mustafa3*,Irshad Ahmad5 and Sadeeq ur Rahman6
...o identify the prevalent strains of Escherichia coli among children of less than five years of age in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. A total of 200 samples were collected from children suffering with diarrhea. E. coli was isolated using standard biological procedures and confirmed by colonial characteristics, biochemical profile and specie specific PCR. Multiplex PCR was applied to differentiate among the five main diarrheagenic E. coli pa...
Nida Zia1, *, Ayesha Maqbool2, Muhammad Safdar3, Umm-I-Habiba1, Altaf Mehmood4, Muhammad Usman5, Zahid Iqbal6, Javed Iqbal6, Shahid Mehmood6, Amanullah Khan7 and Sajid Umar8
...One cluster containing 3 strains belonged to the FAdV- C species and serotyped as FAdV-4 and showed close proximity at the nucleotide level. The other cluster containing three strains belonged to the FAdV-D species and serotyped as FAdV-11. Furthermore, the sequencing analysis of detected field strains revealed the high similarity and close clustering with FAdV-4 and FAdV-11
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar, Muhammad Imran Hamid, Mubashar Raza, Waqas Raza*, Misbah Iqbal Qamar
...culated with Trichoderma strains with pathogens inoculums provided most effective control as compared with nitrogen rich compost and nutrient enriched compost. These results suggested the potential of Trichoderma spp. for affective control of plant pathogens by considering the growth, environmental conditions favoring the disease suppression. ...
Qiuxia Lei1, 2, Haixia Han1, 2, Jinbo Gao1, 2, Yan Zhou1, 2, Wei Liu1, 2, Chunlei Wang3, Jie Liu1, 2, Dingguo Cao1, 2, Huimin Li1 , Baohua Huang1,* and Fuwei Li1, 2, *
...f bacteria. After adding strains, the time to reach the fermentation temperature was advanced by 1 to 2 days. The content of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were increased at the first weekend, reaching up to 10ppm and 3.5 ppm respectively. Three weeks later, the content of the ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were decreased to 0.3 ppm and 0.6 ppm respectively. Total N, P and K were increased gradually with time, whereas the content ...
Tahir Iqbal1, Umer Rashid1*, Naveed Shahzad2, Amber Afroz1, Muhammad Faheem Malik3 and Muhammad Idrees4
...akistani aHEV (Pak aHEV) strains with members of Orthohepevirus B species. However, Pak aHEV strains were highly divergent from other known members within Orthohepevirus B suggesting as novel aHEV strains circulating in the population of layer chickens in the country. Detection of HEV in layer chickens may pose public health risk in context of zoonosis and food borne t...
Abdul Waheed1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Junaid Akhtar4, Muhammad Saeed5, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed6 and Shah Jahan7,*
...y, 15% of ESBL producing strains harbored blaSHV gene while 43% were positive for blaOXA gene. In a nutshell, diverse variety of ESBL-positive GNRs is distributed, the findings of the present study should be considered for planning strategies to treat and prevent the further spread of ESBL-producing gram-negative rods infections.
...
Uzma Rafi*, Asmat, Muqaddes Niaz, Syeda Shazia Bokhari and Aisha Waheed Qurashi*
...werage and two bacterial strains CXA1 (Planomicrobium chinense) and IM2 (Alkaligenes faecalis) were isolated from external surface and rectum portion of cockroach, respectively. Bacterial autoaggregation started increasing after 1 h of culture incubation and reached maximum after 4 h. Isolate CXA1 showed maximum (136 %) auto aggregation as compared to isolate IM2 (37 %) after 4 h. However, biofilm formation in the isolate IM2 was higher as compar...
Muhammad Suleman1,*, Abu ul Hassan Faiz2, Muhammad Shahbaz2 and Ayesha Riaz3
...on as compared to parent strains. Twenty minutes exposure of A. niger was considered suitable for the production of xylanase. Wheat bran concentration (3.5%) was considered best substrate for xylanase production than corn cobs and sugarcane baggasse. Maximum xylanase production was observed at 30°C with pH 5.6. Molecular mass of the purified xylanase was found to be 27.2 KDa by SDS-PAGE. Total protein present in crude enzyme was calculated as 188 mg...
Irfan Irshad1, Asim Aslam1,*, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Kamran Ashraf2, Beenish Zahid3 and Abdul Wajid4
...nbsp;
...
Biomarkers for Pathogenic Clostridium perfringens in Small Ruminants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Naimat Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Asfandyar Khan2, Kashif Prince1,*, Mahboob Ali1, Ghazunfar Rashid1 and Azmat Ulah Khan2
... Sequence analysis of 73 strains from diseased lambs showed 13.10% type A, 9.52% type B and highest 20.83% proportion of Clostridium perfringens type D. Out of 108 strains from kids, 54.62% were type A, 9.25% were type B and 36.11% were type D. Clostridium perfringens type C and E were neither detected in lambs nor in kids. The association of various factors (i.e. area, housing, seasons, colostrum feedin...
Mohammed Al Bratty1,*, Hassan A. Alhazmi1,2, Desam Nagarjuna Reddy3, Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab3, Sadique A. Javed1 and Zia ur Rehman1,4
... tested against selected strains of microorganisms for its antibacterial and antifungal activities. The major classes of compounds indentified in the extract were fatty acid esters and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Methyl-(7Z)-7-hexadecenoate, methyl-(9E)-octadecenoate and methyl tetracosanoate were found to be the principal fatty acid esters, while E-pentatriacont-17-ene and 2,4-dimethylpentane were identified as predominant aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds. The pro...
Zhijun Zhong1, Rui Tu1, Xichun Wang2, Yi Geng1, Qicheng Xiao1, Yinan Tian1, Bin Wei1, Jiaming Dan1, Ya Wang1 and Guangneng Peng1,*
...R assays, identified two strains isolated from two pet dogs as Brucella canis. Histopathological changes revealed extensive inflammation and necrosis in the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, testicle, and lymph nodes, among which changes in the spleen were the most serious. Immunohistochemistry results demonstrated the detection of B. canis antigens in the lesions of all examined tissues. Strong positive staining was primarily found in the spleen, liv...
Rafiq-ur-Rehman1*, Zahoor Ahmad1, Wiqar Ahmad2, Muhammad Mansoor3 and Shah Masaud1
...ng) inoculated with four strains of rhizobium (TAL-634, TAL-169, NARC-BK and NARC-M) was evaluated during two consecutive years 2015 and 2016 at the Agricultural Research Institute, Rata Kulachi, Dera Ismail Khan (31º 49/ N latitude and 70º 55/ East longitude), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements replicated four times. The effects of different Rhizob...
Beenish Zahid*1,2,7, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Amir Zohaib2, Asim Aslam3, Raheela Akhter3, Haleema Sadia4, Qurat ul Ain5, Razia Sultana6, Irfan Irshad3 and Sobia Alyas7
... concluded that virulent strains were existed in ducks and more than one genotype of NDV was prevalent in ducks.
...
Sohaib Afzaal1,4*, Usman Hameed2, Nasir Ahmad3, Klas Udekwu4, Paulina Pastuszek4 and Muhammad Saleem Haider1
...hermodurability of seven strains of Ln. mesenteroides using pasteurization treatments. Both types of pasteurization treatments including High Temperature Short Time (HTST) and Low Temperature Long Time (LTLT) were applied to all of the strains. On applying LTLT treatment, maximum viability was found in the BSM-43 (42.84%) while minimum viability was shown by CYG-362 (26.10%). In case of HTST treatment maximum viability was s...
Betül Ayça Dönmez, Sarbesh Das Dangol and Allah Bakhsh*
... different Agrobacterium strains harboring pBIN19 binary vector that further contains gusA gene, interrupted by an intronic sequence, under the control of 35S CaMV promoter. After transformation, we analyzed the transformation efficiencies of each of the Agrobacterium strains using the histochemical GUS analysis. The highest gusA gene transfer efficiency rate both for leaf (60%) and internode (100%) explants was observed in ...
Khaled Kaboudi*
...reported in several H9N2 strains, indicating possible risk for public health. Control of LPAI H9N2 subtype infection is currently based on biosecurity and the implementation of vaccination in some countries. Regional control strategy needs to be performed. Creation of regional surveillance network is highly recommended. ...
Fizza Anwar1, Muddassar Zafar1*, Zahid Anwar1, Raja Tahir Mehmood2
....
...
Syed Maaz Nadeem1*, Muti ur Rehman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Arfan Ahmad1* and Muhammad Anees2
...nding of local field CAV strains. The CAVs have been reported previously both in broiler chicken and layer birds in Pakistan; however, their molecular characterization is largely inadequate and requires continuous evaluation. In this study, sequencing and molecular analysis of specific regions overlapping VP1-VP2 and VP2-VP3 genes of CAV strain from outbreaks in broiler flock (n=45) were undertaken in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. The phylogenetic analysis ...
Barkat Ali1,2, Wasim Sajjad1,2,3, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Sahib Zada1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Fariha Hasan1,*
... and epilithic bacterial strains from the rapidly weathering rocks collected from Nathiagali, Pakistan to characterize and screen them for antimicrobial activity. The isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Antibacterial activity of the isolates was checked against ATCC strains E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Seven different types of antibio...
Detection and Phylogeny of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) during Field Outbreaks in Broilers
Umm-i-Habiba1,*, Ayesha Maqbool2, Muhammad Safdar3, Nida Zia1, Altaf Mehmood4, Muhammad Usman5, Mehwish Sharif6, Amanullah Khan7 and Sajid Umar8
...on of the VP2 gene. IBDV strains were grouped into two distinct clusters on the basis of nucleotide sequences of hyper-variable region of the VP2 gene. According to phylogenetic analysis, 5 IBDV strains showed characteristic amino acid signatures in the VP2 gene (A222, I242, I256, I294, S299) and classified as vvIBDV. Furthermore, the sequencing analysis of detected field
Asim Munawar1,2*, Farooq Ahmad1, Aqsa Arshad1, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi3 and Chengjuan Liang4
... lab and field collected strains of R. dominica and T. castaneum against deltamethrin and phosphine. Results indicated significant difference between lab and field collected pests strains regarding their resistance mechanisms to deltamethrin as well as phosphine treatments. Field strains collected from various geographical locations were observed more resistant then lab
Saleha Ashfaq1, Manzoor Hussain1, Nazish Bibi2, Jan Alam1, Muhammad Junaid2 and Sabi-Ur-Rehman3*
...nst bacterial and fungal strains, while cytotoxic activity was studied in the methanolic extract using brine shrimp’s lethality assay. All the extracts showed significant biological activity against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and selected fungal strains. Acetone, chloroform and methanolic extracts showed maximum activity i-e 39mm, 44mm and 35mm followed by ethyl acetate 27mm and n-hexane 26mm against microor...
Naglaa M. Hagag1*, Mervat E. Hamdy1, Mary A. Sargious1, Sara M. Elnomrosy1, Nahed A. Ahmed1, Ayman A. Hamed1, Ahmed R. Habashi1, Essam I. Ibrahiem1, Mahmoud A. Abdel-Hakim2 and Momtaz A. Shahein1
... were closely related to strains isolated from Libya in 2012 (Topotype VII, lineage 3), with 92–93% amino acid identity, and were clearly separated from SAT2/GVII/Gharbia/Egy/2012 and SAT2/GVII/Alex/Egy/2012 (Topotype VII, lineage 2), indicating a new introduction of FMDV serotypeSAT2 in Egypt. Moreover, the high antigenic variation in FMDV is recognized as a major problem in vaccination. Because the vaccine strains sh...
Nahed H. Ghoneim, Maha A. Sabry, Zeinab S. Ahmed and Esraa A. Elshafiee*
...olates revealed that the strains isolated from chickens and drinking water from the same farm were identical. However, the sequence ofthe tet (O) gene from human isolates was highly similar to that from drinking water isolates. Our findings highlight the presence of MDR Campylobacter strains in chickens and the role of drinking water as a potential reservoir for tetracycline-resistant isolates. Therefore, regul...
Sana Aslam1, Wayne Thomas Shier2 and Imran Sajid1*
...them. A total of seventy strains of actinomycetes were isolated from lake samples, out of them only forty bioactive strains were selected for further characterization on the basis of their preliminary antimicrobial activities. The isolated actinobacterial strains showed an optimum growth at alkaline pH (9.0-9.5). The taxonomic analysis revealed that these isolates were closely affiliated w...
Muhammad Rasheed*, Tayyaba Naseer, Asma Hassan, Fayaz ul Hassan, Rifat Hayat, Ghulam Jilani, Samman Gul Vaseer and Muhammad Bilal Ali
... rate. Various rhizobial strains showed nodule number (23.233), nodule size (0.1022 cm) and nodule weight (20.034 mg) of different lentil cultivars. Among the treatments, BS3 gave maximum of these traits while the NIA 2005 exhibit postive response on nodulation. Rhizobacteria isolated from root nodules improved the nodulation and capacity growth of lentil cultivars by producing plant growth regulators and nutrients uptake....
Amna Shoaib*, Zoia Arshad Awan and Naureen Akhtar
...two genetically distinct strains. Furthermore, both strains were qualitatively analyzed for aflatoxins (AFB1 and AFB2) production by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). A polyphasic strategy as adopted for the current study is a reliable and reproducible means to differentiate A. minisclerotigenes from A. flavus, indeed essential in interpretations of taxonomic and nomenclature of A. flavus group that may a...
Farzana Rashid1, Rabia Masood1 and Mariam Faiz2*
...hain reaction. Among 240 strains, prevalence of MBL in K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and Acinetobacter Species was 26%, 52%, 27% and 5% respectively. Prevalence of blaNDM-1 gene was 51% identified in 14 strains of P. aeruginosa, 2 strains of A. Baumanni, 29 strains of E. coli and 18 strains of K. pneumoniae. In...
Meriem Msaad Guerfali1,*, Heitham Hamden1, Salma Fadhl1, Wafa Djobbi1, Lotfi Sillini1, Wafa Marzouki1 and Mohammed Ammar2
Sikander Ali* and S. Wajiha Khalid
...ents of different fungal strains were applied to further optimize exo-inulinase production. The best enzyme producing culture was selected for optimization study. For this, the selected Rhizopus oligosporus (strain ROMII) was used for better enzyme production, for which another screening medium i.e., sucrose minerals salt at pH 5.5 was used. Different physical parameters were applied for maximum enzyme production. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity a...
Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Asim Aslam1*, Muhammad Yasin2, Tahir Yaqoob2 and Beenish Zahid3
... with current prevailing strains in disease endemic countries such as Pakistan.
...
Murtala Muhammad, Ting Zhang, Siyu Gong, Jing Bai, Jiansong Ju, Baohua Zhao* and Dong Liu*
... of antibiotic resistant strains. The bacteria was responsible for the disease outbreak that caused massive mortality of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) in 2016. We isolated the pathogenic bacteria (HNM-1) from the infected A. sinensis and identified its identity by conventional physiological, biochemical, and molecular techniques. Virulence and pathogenesis of the disease were determined by intraperitoneal injection of the etiological agen...
Anila Latif, Zaheer Abbas, Farhatullah and Ghulam Muhammad Ali*
...nce against 12 different strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and 91 active ingredients of agricultural chemicals globally. Alternative ways should be explored to control DBM. Berberine is an insect toxic alkaloid and produced by plants of family Berberidaceae. Berberine Bridge Enzyme (BBE) gene involved in the synthesis of berberine was isolated from Berberis lyceum and over expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The integration of the BBE gene in transgenic li...
Shaheen Rahman1, Kafeel Ahmad1*, Niaz Ali2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Waqar Ali4
...assays. A total of seven strains of A. tumefaciens were isolated on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEMA) medium. The isolated strains were confirmed as A. tumefaciens on the basis of morphological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests. The bacterial cells were rod shaped having rounded ends. The strains were Gram positive. Results confirmed the pathogenicity of the isolated
Majeeda Rasheed1*, Tanveer Akhtar1, Nadia Mukhtar2, Muhammad Furqan Shahid2, Muhammad Imran3, Saima Yaqub2
...rveillance of prevailing strains in Gilgit-Balitistan (GB) territory is scarce. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of PPRV and to evaluate potential risk factors involved in the transmission of PPR disease in four distinct locations of GB province. We reported occurrence and risk factor analysis of PPR in small ruminants (n=1000) originating from different places in district Gilgit using Hem agglutination Inhibition (HI) tes...
Hasaan Aziz*, Fariha Altaaf, Attia Bashir, Abdul Basit, Syed Anam Masood Gardazi and Farah Haider
...ly distinct from vaccine strains. Though limited and preliminary data, the findings enhance our knowledge towards CDVs circulating in Pakistan. Further studies are much necessary to ascertain genetic characteristics of CDVs over a wide geographical area of the country together exploring the potential reasons of vaccine failure. ...
Hassan Boulahyaoui1,2*, Sanaa Alaoui Amine1,3, Marouane Melloul4, Farida Hilali5, Elmostafa El-Fahime1,3, Saad Mrani1,2 and Nadia Touil1,5*
...d with vaccine and field strains. Here we show that the VP4 gene of the P[14] strains detected in this study exhibited close identity with zoonotic Moroccan goat and bovine strains. The amino acid sequences of the antigenic regions inside VP8* proteins showed high conservation between the amino acid sequences of human and animal strains bearing P[14] pro...
Hafiz Muhammad Imran Javed* and Mushtaq Ahmed
...of the vaccine and field strains originating from the field outbreaks for phylogenetic analysis, nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence analyses, and a comparison of three-dimensional protein structures. The N gene ORF was 1578 nucleotide long with a single open reading frame encoding 526 amino acids. Similarly, the ORF of F gene was 1641 nucleotide long which encoded 547 amino acids. Upon phylogenetic analysis of the country isolates with the vaccine
S. Ahmed† , L. Yue, Q. Liu and H. Jian
Evaluation of media for mass production and fermentation of Pseudomonas spp. for integrated management of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...l treatments. All tested strains of Pseudomonas spp. showed stability on pH ranges from acidic pH5 to neutral pH7 and towards basic pH8 against the second stage juvenile (J2) mortality assay. ...
Muhammad Usman Shafi*, Syed Muhammad Ali**, Syed Akhtar Ali Shah***, Kamran Ahmed****
DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASE OF HEAVY TRUCK LOAD DATA IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
... pair of tire to produce strains. By adding the strains from each plate, axle load and
similarly by adding axles, the load of the complete vehicle can be determined. Field calibration was carried out to
check the precision of plates and was found in close agreement. Axle wise load of around 200 vehicles were taken
randomly and were found that more than 80% of the vehicles of each category ...
Muhammad Shahzad1, Arif Iqbal Umar1, Syed Hamad Shirazi1, Muhammad Tariq Pervez2*, Zakir Khan1, Waqas Yousaf1
HCDP: HEPATITIS C DATA BANK OF PAKISTAN
...cific demographic region strains for analysis. No HCV database available to find the HCV prevalence and distribution in Pakistan. We proposed a Hepatitis C virus database for Pakistani community, Hepatitis C Data Bank of Pakistan (HCDP). HCDP will be the first database that will holds HCV sequences obtained from Pakistani strains and HCV research publication by Pakistani researchers. We proposed a Hepatitis C ...
Erum Bughio1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi1*, Jibran Hussain2, Muhammad Hayat Jaspal3, Shahid Mehmood2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq4, Reema Bughio5 and Athar Mahmud2
Comparative Study of Carcass Traits in Four Strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) at 3 to 6 Weeks of Age
...teristics of 4 different strains of Japanese quails at 3 to 6 weeks of age. In total, 2160 quail chicks were studied with 108 experimental units of each 20 chicks were applied. Birds had free access to clean and fresh drinking water through automatic nipple drinkers all the times. There was a provision of ad-libitum broiler-quail ration feeding as per NRC standard. Data on live weight, dressing percentage, keel length, keel angle, length of shank, giblets and ...
Tahseen Ullah* and Noor ul Amin
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts
... two different bacterial strains i.e. Bacillus subtilis and E. coli using disc diffusion method to uncover antibacterial potential of the plants extracts. The antibacterial investigation was performed in three replicates using disc diffusion technique using Nutrient Agar Media for the growth of B. subtilis and E. coli bacteria. The ANOVA for inhibitions zones indicates the effect of plants, bacteria strains, and concentratio...
Aatif Amin1,*, Zakia Latif2, Arslan Sarwar1, Basit Zeshan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
...hree out of 30 bacterial strains were screened out on the basis of resistance level against various concentrations of HgCl2. Bacterial isolatesAZ-1, AZ-2 and AZ-3 showed resistance up to 40 μg/mL of HgCl2 and mercury sensitive (HgS) isolate ZA-15 was taken as a negative control. 16S rDNA ribotyping and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the characterization of isolates as Bacillus sp. AZ-1 (KT270477), B. ...
Taqi Raza1*, Sergio de Los Santos Villalobos2, Muhammad Shehzad3, Shakeel Imran4 and Derly José Henriques da Silva5
PGP Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Apple Gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus L.)
... that isolated bacterial strains have morphologically different colonies, shapes, and colors. The isolated strain mostly belonging to Coccus, Bacillus, and Spirillum. Nearly, 63% belonging to Coccus, 23% to Bacillus, and 14% to Spirillum. Only 18% of strains gave the gram positive staining results and 14% strains showed the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production abilities by slightly changing t...
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Youssef* and Suzan Abd-Elazeim Hassabo
The Role of Genetic Engineering in Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes with Emphasis on Root-Knot Nematodes: A Review
... The development of such strains by genetic manipulation by transferring gene (s) required for saponins production is effective in increasing crop yield together with fixing nitrogen. Escherchia coli is still used as a host for the recombinant DNA technology – based industrial production of proteins and peptides to manage root-knot nematode. Mi gene resistance in tomato plants has been utilized to manage M. incognita and M. javanica. Also, protoplast fus...
Ye Ge1,2,3, Qiucheng Yao1, Hongliang Chai3, Yuping Hua3* and Guohua Deng2*
Sidra Shehzadi, Sher Bahadar Khan*, Umar Sadique and Saqib Nawaz
Isolation and Molecular Identification of Clostridium perfringens Type D in Goats in District Peshawar
...ar identification of new strains of C. perfringens Type D for effective diagnosis, treatment and vaccination. A total of 100 fecal samples were collected aseptically from four different zones of district Peshawar during the period of February, 2019 to April, 2019. C. perfringens Type D was confirmed through bacterial culturing, Gram staining, biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . Results revealed that 25 feacal samples collected f...
Saima Yaqub1, Tahir Yaqub1*, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir2, Asif Nadeem3, Aziz-Ul-Rahman1, Muhammad Furqan Shahid1, Zarfishan Tahir4 and Nadia Mukhtar4
...teristics of circulating strains is crucial to devise and implement necessary interventions to control disease in developing countries like Pakistan. A total of 201 plasma samples were collected from IDUs. Samples were first screened using HIV-1 Ag/Ab Combo test and then antigen positive samples were amplified for HIV-1 pol gene (1084 bp) and analyzed. Initial screening showed a total of 49 HIV samples positive (24.37%; 95% CI: 18.96-30.76). A substantial asso...
Zaheer Ahmed Deho*, Saifullah Abro and Muhammad Rizwan
Assessment of Stability for Seed Cotton Yield of Cotton Genotypes Across Different Environmental Conditions of Sindh Province
...imatic conditions. Three strains NIA-94, NIA-95 and NIA-96 and two commercial check varieties in Sindh province of Pakistan viz. Sadori and CRIS-342 were planted under four different locations Tando Jam, Mirpurkhas, Sakrand and Ghotki environment conditions. Seed cotton yield data was recorded from each location and stability analysis (genotype x environment interaction) was performed. The pooled analysis of variance for seed cotton yield, showed highly signif...
Abdul Nabi Jatt1,2*
..., two different reporter strains such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens A136 and Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 were applied to confirm the production of signal molecules. The identification of signal molecules was achieved by GC-MS analysis. Intriguingly, GC-MS technique showed ...
Amjad Ali, Kafeel Ahmad*and Shaista Rahat
...ese multi-drug resistant strains.
...
Wenyou Huang1, Dan Yü1, Song Huang1,2, Jian Xiao2, Ping Qi2, Anhua Song2* and Zhen Huang1*
...tes were used to isolate strains with increased stress resistance and virulence. Increased virulence in some of the mutants correlated with increased insecticidal activity in cell-free extracts that could potentially be used directly for insect control.
...
Ye Ge1, Chunmiao Zhao1, Weitian Xie2, Ying Liu2,* and Chunhou Xu1,*
...protoplast from which 48 strains were obtained through regeneration, with a sporogenic rate of 69.1% and a colony number of 2.7×105 CFU/mL after an 80 °C high-temperature treatment. After 7 generations of fermentation, the average pH value was 4.47. The average number of colonies in the culture medium was 18.4. The production of protoplasts lays a foundation for research in microecological preparation.
...
Iram Liaqat1*, Tahir Hussain1,2, Aisha Waheed Qurashi3, Gulbeena Saleem2, Asia Bibi4, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar5,ShaukatAli1 and Ikram-ul-Haq6
...ree S. Gallinarum strains isolated from commercial broiler chicken by three different methods i.e., congo red, test tube and air liquid interface coverslip, (2) biofilm quantification at different time intervals and (3) monitor antibiofilm effect of three proteolytic enzymes including trypsin, chymotrypsin and proteinase k against S. Gallinarum. We observed that S. Gallinarum has strong biofilm forming ability as observed by dark bl...
Natalija Grittner1, Radomir Mandić2,* and Milivoje Urošević3
... breeds (13 breeds and 2 strains), which are not protected by the Decree of the Ministry of Agriculture of Serbia on animal genetic resources, be included in the Decree in the future, in order to preserve and improve their numbers. An urgent establishment of the animal gene bank of Serbia has been also proposed. It is given a proposal of measures for further activities on the preservation and improvement of the state of animal genetic resources in Serbia.
Laura Alejandra Arriola-Mosqueda1, Yadira Jiménez-Lara2, Eugenia del Carmen Prieto-Avella1, Carlos Ricardo Cruz-Vazquez3, Roberto Montesinos-Matias4, Mauricio Valencia-Posadas2, Ana Martha Cruz-Avalos5, Jaime Molina-Ochoa6,7 and César Andrés Angel-Sahagún2,*
... (after 14 days) of four strains of M. anisopliae. We evaluated the pathogenicity on the eggs and larvae of all tested strains of R. sanguineus at day 3 and 7. The LC50 of four strains of M. anisopliae was determined by Probit analysis, and a chi-square test was used to determine the relationship of LC50 with variable radial growth and germination...
Saad A. Moussa1, Mohammed Ahmed Mahmoud Abdullah2*, Mahmoud Saied1, Mustafa Saleh1, Mohamed A. Soliman2 and Ali Mahmoud Zanaty2
...ight: normal;">Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause Newcastle disease (ND), a devastating disease of poultry and wild birds. Phylogenetic analysis of recent Egyptian isolates in Menofia governorate, Egypt was constructed, and showed to be of genotype VII. Eight NDV viruses were isolated from vaccinated commercial broiler flocks showing respiratory manifestation in Menofia governorate, Egypt during 2019. Those viruses showing deaths and haem...
Hafiz Imran Iqbal1*, Zahir Ahmad Zahir2, Obaidur Rehman1, Rizwan Khalid1*, Abdul Waheed1, Raja Abad Raza1, Shahid Saleem1, Muhammad Rashid1, Sarosh Tariq Alvi1 and Asia Munir1
...d Rhizobium (Mn2) strains. Recommended doses of NPK were applied @ 180:140:90 kgha-1. Growth and yield of maize plants improved significantly by inoculation. Root length was increased by 32% with S1+S2+Mn2 strains at original EC. The rhizobacterial strains (either alone or in combination) significantly increased the1000-grain weight, fresh and dry plant biomass up to 35%,...
Saad A. Moussa1, Ahmed F. Afify1*, Suzan Salah2 and Ayman Hamed3
... identity with reference strains from different countries. Phylogenetic tree cleared that current research strain was found related to France strains 2013 and 2014, also to local Egypt strain 2019 with acc.no. MN053321, two samples were successfully isolated in Vero cells and positively identified after the 3rd passage by TEM and immune-peroxidase technique. ELISA results are considered an alarmingly high prevalence that req...
Basharat Ahmed1, Muhammad Hamza Azhar2, Farah R. Shakoori1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,3,*
...s. The highest number of strains was isolated in summer (30.8 %) followed by in autumn (25.3 %) and in spring (22.6 %). The lowest number of strains was isolated in winter (21.2 %). The isolates showed highest resistance against carbenicillin followed by ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, streptomycin, amoxicillin, amikacin, ceftizoxime, tetracycline, erythromycin and nalidixic acid. The isolates showed least resistance against cef...
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
...ively. All the microbial strains were inoculated on wheat straw hydrolysate and were monitored with regular interval until stable cell growth, glucose consumption, and, ethanol and lactic acid production. Fermentation performance of the adapted strain improved over parental strains. Ethanol and lactic acid yield reached to 90% and 75%, respectively, when using freshly pretreated wheat straw or wheat straw hydrolysate or rice...
Iqra Muzammil1, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Amjad Islam Aqib2,*, Ambreen Ashar3, Syed Ashar Mahfooz1, Sajjad ur Rahman4, Muhammad Shoaib4, Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Imran Khan Sohrani1, Javeed Ahmad1, Razaullah Saqi1, Fizzah Laeeq Lodhi1 and
Qaisar Tanveer5
...mination with pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The current study was designed to investigate prevalence of pathogenic strains of S. aureus, assessment of risk factors, and in-vitro antibiogram of non-biofilm producing S. aureus (nbpSA) and biofilm positive S. aureus (bpSA)from mastitic goats. The purposive sampling technique was applied to collect n=200 milk samples from differe...
Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar*, Sania Waliat, Shafaat Yar Khan, Naila Amjad
...ectively. LC50 for field strains, Bhalwal L1 and L2, against bifenthrin was 96.184 µg/ml and 130.903 µg/ml, respectively whereas against dimethoate it was 74.340 µg/ml and 84.531 µg/ml, respectively. The resistance ratios for field strains of locations 1 and 2 against bifenthrin were 8.690 fold and 11.827 fold, respectively whereas these were 8.372 fold and 9.520 fold against dimethoate, respectively....
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhmmad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2, Afzal Zahid2, Muhammad Kashif3 and Zeshan Ali4
...ation domains of advance strains is highly imperative for crop genetic improvement programs. The research aimed to determine the yield stability of sixteen advance chickpea strains was carried out at eleven diversified locations across the Punjab province of Pakistan during cropping season 2019-20. GGE biplot and mega environment analysis were employed to identify the most stable and high yielding chickpea advance
Sana Ilyas1, Muhammad Hidayat Rasool1,*, Muhammad Javed Arshed2, Muhammad Usman Qamar1 and Bilal Aslam1
...confirmed ESBL producing strains were further subjected to molecular characterization for the presence of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing genes using PCR. Of 392 samples, 219 ESBL positive E. coli were recovered and among these 156/213 (73.2%), 42/63 (66.6%) and 21/27 (77.7%) were from poultry, environmental water, and urine samples, respectively. The PCR results revealed that71.2% of blaCTX-M, 67.5% blaCTX-M -1 and ...
Iftikhar Jan* and Sahib Alam
...rch for nonaflatoxigenic strains for use as biocontrol agent. A total of 434 isolates of A. flavus were isolated from soil and stored maize grain samples collected from four agroecological zones (AEZ) i.e., AEZ-A, AEZ-B, AEZ-C and AEZ-D of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. The mycological analysis of the samples demonstrated that the highest population of Aspergillus section Flavi was existed in soil (n = 236) than in maize grain samples (n = 198)....
Muhammad Akhtar1, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood2*, Kaiser Latif Cheema1, Mushtaq Ahmad2, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid1, Amir Amin1, Javed Anwar Shah1, Zeeshan Qadeer1 and Zeshan Ali3
...analysis showed that the strains possessing higher number of pods plant-1, more root length and maximum grain weight were comparatively least susceptible to moisture stress along with higher yield potential. Results regarding drought indices also indicated that relatively higher DTE, less DSI and minimum yield reduction percentage were revealed by KK-10001, KK-10015, KK-10019 and Bhakkar-2011. Therefore, these advance lines possess best genetic constitution fo...
NawalM. Abdulla1, M. Haroun1*,Mohamed A. Shalaby2and Ahmed A. Elsanousi2
...
(NDV) field strains was reported in two captivated falcons(Falcoperegrinusperegrinus)
in Qatar.Virus cultivation in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonating chicken eggs
(ECE),haemagglutination (HA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and mean death time
(MDT)used in the investigation to reveal virus identity and pathogenicity. Both NDV
isolates were found to be velogenic str...
Nader M. Sobhy,1 Sunil K. Mor,2 Mohammed E.M. Mohammed,1
Iman M. Bastawecy,3 Hiam M. Fakhry,4 and Sagar M. Goyal2
...n/05. FMDV O, A and SAT2 strains were homologous with the vaccinal bovine strain....
Walaa Abd El-Fatah S. Metwally1, Ismail M. Reda2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2, Mohamed Abd El-Khalek Ali2
... between two reassortant strains (Chicken and duck strains) of AI. The results of testing humoral immunity revealed that the prepared vaccines with Montanide ISA70VG containing 350 HA unit/dose were high in antibody titer than vaccines containing 256 and 100 HA unit/dose. The prepared vaccines with Montanide ISA 70VG containing 256 HA unit/dose gave high antibody titer than vaccines containing 100 HA unit/dose. The ratio of ...
Fawzy Rania1, AboElkhair M.1, Bazid A.M.1, Sultan H.2, Hussien A.H.3
... programs....
Hala K. Abdelmegeed 1, Eman M. Abohatab 1, Khattab,O. M. 1 , Salem, S.A.H. 1 , Arafa, A. 2, Nashwa M. Helmy 3
...rates of the circulating strains during this period
...
El-Bagoury, G.F., El-Nahas, E.M., El-Habbaa, A.S.
...fever virus (BEFV) field strains from clinically infected cattle and buffaloes. Twenty Buffy coat samples were collected from each clinically infected cattle and buffaloes in Qaluobia province during the year 2014. The virus was isolated on BHK-21 cell line. Infected cells with BEFV showed 80% cytopathic effect (CPE) after 48 h by the 3rd virus passage. The isolates were serologically identified by neutralization and immunoflourescence techniques, and then mol...
K.A. El-Dougdoug1, A.R. Sofy2, A.A. Mousa2 and E.E. Refaey2
...ommended PVY
strains registered in GenBank. A phylogenetic tree of Ryadg gene based on nucleotide sequence
revealed 93% a moderate degree of similarity to Potato gene Y-1 isolated from Solanum
tuberosum subsp. andigenum
...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1
...sequences of phytoplasma strains on GenBank showed that we may have two
different phytoplasma isolates infecting tomato plants in Egypt.
...
Magdy, Mariam1 ; Abou ElHassan D.G. 2 ; and Salem, S.A.H 3
...>
antibody against strains A,O, SAT-2 with high titer of antibody against serotype (A) was 87 ,
serotype (O) was 72 and serotype (SAT-2) was 53 . Matching between SNT and ELISA was
applied for negative sera samples.
...
Sherif .M. Ibrahim*, Abd El-Razek. B. Abd El-Razek*. Hanan. M. El-Zahed Amal. A. Fatouh* and Ayatollah. I. Ibrahim*
...en vaccinal and isolated strains of Fowl pox virus (FPV) and Pigeon pox virus (PPV) based on biological and molecular basis. Vaccinal and isolated strains were propagated on the chorioallentioc membrane of specific pathogen free (SPF) embroynated chicken egg (ECE) showing the characteristic pock lesions for each strain with titers reached 4.5 and 3.5 log10 EID50/ml at 5th passage for FPV and PPV isolates, respectively. The i...
Abd El-Hamid, M.I1; Seham, A. ElZeedy1; El-Sanousi A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1., Abbas, A.M1
... the rest of isolate and strains....
Amir M. Walaa1 ; Ausama Yousif1; Walid H. Kilany2; Magdy El-Sayed1; Ahmed A. El-Sanousi1
Ramy A. Qabel1; Tarek F. El-Arabi2; Adel A. Shoukry1; Hassan H. Elsebaay1; Abdel-Aziz F. El-Hamahmy1
...of Rhizobium species and strains. The other group of phages was less virulent and showed turbid plaques implied as group L. This was also determined by one-step growth experiment. It was found that rhizobiophage (V) group had the attachment and latent period after 30 min and burst size of 28. On the other hand, rhizobiophages (L) group had the attachment and latent period after 20 min and burst size of 9. The Group L even though they had low adsorption capacit...
Shahida Sabir1, Anwar Ali Shad1, Tariq Masood1*, Zafar Ali Shah1, Nasiruddin2, Yaseen Ahmad1 and Syed Sartaj Alam3
... all the three bacterial strains i.e., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Xanthomonas sp., respectively. Maximum % inhibition (about 50%) was recorded at 25 mg/L concentration against all the three fungal species (Penicillium claviforme, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium sp.). Methanolic extract of P. eryngii showed increasing % mortality against red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) in methanolic extract with increasing concentration after 24 and 48 h exposure...
Ehab M. El-Nahas1, Hemat S. El-Sayed2, Sawsan S. El-Basuni3, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1
...BV vaccine Massachusetts strains H120 and M41 respectively. Egypt/Qal/014p had a unique amino acid substitution at residues 39 (Serine), 40 (Tyrosine), 41 (Lysine), 64 (Glutamate) and 69 (Valine) of the S1 proteins from H120 and M41.The cross-neutralization test revealed antigenic relatedness of Egypt/Qal/014p with Massachusetts serotypes. The commercial H120 vaccine conferred partial protection against proventriculitis induced by Egypt/Qal/014p. Conclusion: I...
Ayman S. El-Habbaa 1, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1, Samar F. El-Adaway2, and Susan S. El-Mahdy2
...velogenic and lentogenic strains, respectively using Mean Death Time (MDT), Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI) and studying amino acid motif of the F protein cleavage site. Phylogeny put NDV Giza 2014 in a separate branch independent from other Egyptian isolates, however it is more related to Lasota (genotype II) and Clone 30 vaccinal strains, while NDV Qualubiya 2014 was grouped more related to Ulster strain (genotype...
Muhammad G. Khodary1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Mohamed M. Emara2, Othman E. Othman1, Hussein A. Hussein2
...ation of the circulating strains
associated with the outbreaks.
Methods: The collected samples of Oropharyngeal, oral epithelial tissue and/or vesicular fluids were
tested by real time Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for detection of
FMDV. The highly viral loaded FMDV positive samples were typed by conventional reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sequenc...
Dina A. Abdulrahman1, Ayman H. EL-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shaheen1 & Hussein A. Hussein2
...reover, emergence of new strains is possible
through the international borders of the endemic countries. Consequently, there is a dire need for
routine molecular characterization of the circulating FMDV strains to ensure the rapid detection of any
new or mutant strains and update the used vaccine accordingly.
Methods: Twelve epithelial sample...
Abdou Nagy1, Fatma Abdallah1, Kareem Sweed2, Ahmed Salama3, Mohamed Omar4
...pt were exposed to field strains of
aMPV. For our knowledge, aMPV antibodies are detecting in Pekin and Muscovy duck flocks for first
time in Egypt.
...
Dalia M. Omar1, Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Elham A. El-ebiary1, Khalid El-Dougdoug2, Badawi Othman2, Abd Elsattar Arafa3, Hussein A. Hussein4
...ntity to some AI vaccine strains was determined for further characterization.
Conclusion: our experiments in this recent isolation of avian influenza (AI) viruses denoted clearly
that the evolution of H5N1 HPAI viruses in Egypt continues to occur in poultry farms. The subclade
2.2.1.2 of classical HPAI viruses has been the dominant cluster till now. So, continuous monitoring of
the circulating viruses is importan...
Nagwa K. Meselhy1, Mohamed A. Abo El-khair1, Basem M. Ahmed2, Sherif A. El-Soally3,
Abdelhamid M. Fares1, Mohamed A. Nayel1 and Hussein A. Hussein2
...rtogenic isolates (EHV-1 strains: Army 183 and Suffolk/48/2013). Indeed, the analysis reports that
these viruses are circulating in both Arabian and foreign horses in Egypt.
Conclusion: The nested PCR is an appropriate technique for the detection of EHV-1 present in blood
of a latently, or silently infected horses. The application of this nested PCR is considered to be a rapid
diagnostic tool for use in veterinar...
Hanaa A. Elsamadony1, Laila A. Tantawy1, Sabry E. Omar2 and Heba A. Abd Alah1
...ield and other reference strains. Then to observe microscopic lesions and to detect CAV
antigens by immunohistochemically in thymus and bone marrow tissues of SPF chicks infected with
CAV.
Methods: In this study, 30 layer farms of age 40 to 100-days-old from different governorates
(Alexandria, Gharbia, Giza and Qalubia) were examined for CAV with real-time PCR and
histopathological examination. The po...
Aml S. El-Saadany1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2 and Hussien A. Hussien2
... very virulent (vv) IBDV strains are annually reported since its first
introduction in 1989. Variant IBDV strains were also reported in few studies. To date, IBDV
associated with breaks has been characterized in flocks which were vaccinated with classical IBDV
vaccines and demonstrated IBD characteristic lesions.
Objective: In present study the aim was to molecular characterize...
Mohamed F. ElKersh1, Fatma M. Abdalla2, Gamilat K. Farg2, Soad A. Nasef3, Ahmed A. Ali2
...e eradication of the new strains to predict the newly coming waves of infection and to be able to develop the recommended vaccines. Objective: Our study aimed for Molecular Diagnosis of Avian influenza virus (AIV) from Different Avian Species that would be useful to detect the current strains present in Egypt to use it in vaccination program. Methods:In this study, we collected 122 sample representing 12 different area in Eg...
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
...rently, the used vaccine strains (mainly genotypes I and II) are
three to seven decades old and are genetically distant from the currently circulating virulent
Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
Objectives: In this study we compared two vaccination programs against NDV in chickens,
one using genotype VII inactivated and live NDV vaccine are available in the market and
second group used genotype II inactiv...
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Potential of the Roots of Berberis brevissima Jafri. (Berberidaceae)
Zain Ullah1*, Anwar Ali Shad1 and Saqib Ali2
... and S. aureus bacterial strains and the results ranged from 10-18 mm zone of inhibition. The GC-MS analysis of the six oil sub-fractions (H-1 to H-6) confirmed the existence of linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid in the highest amount....
Maimoona Imran1,2, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Hafsa Saeed2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...lebsiella pneumoniae strains KW and CC were investigated for their bioremediation potential. Maximum uptake of Cu++ by mid log phase cultures of KW and CC was 19.26 and 28.77µg per mg cell dry weight, respectively. The strains also exhibited efflux ability; KW possessed more efficient efflux system as it expelled 94.46% of maximum stored copper within 24 h as compared to 56% by CC. These
Nabila Kousar1, Tanzeela Riaz2, Anum Feroz1, Abdul Rauf Shakoori3 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...arval stage of different strains of pest populations and the mixture 0.5DM+1DE was found to be most effective among all mixtures on the basis of LC50 values and relative toxic unit. The toxicity of this mixture was analyzed on glucose, glycogen, trehalose, total proteins, soluble proteins, free amino acids and total lipids contents of 4th instars larva of most resistant GUW and least resistant LAB-S populations at exposure to LC20
Mona Kadry, Sara Mohamed Nader*, Esraa A. Elshafiee and Zeinab S. Ahmed
...showed that 6 Salmonella strains [S. Typhimurium (3), S. enteritidis (2) and S. Infantis (1)] were isolated from chicken meat and eggshell surface samples. In human, it was found that 6 salmonella strains (S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. Infantis, S. Virchow, S. Haifa, S. Kentucky) were isolated. The results of multiplex PCR showed that ESBL-producing salmonel...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Safdar Ali Mirza2, Sumera Sajjad3, Shaukat Ali1,*, Muhammad Faiz Qamar4 and Ikram Ul Haq5
...nd fliI complemented strains. This study will extend initial evidence that FliI plays important role in flagellar export system and flagellum-mediated rotation is criticalfor swimming, swarming motility and biofilm formation. The flagellar basal body has an ancient and evolutionarily conserved macromolecular assembly and known architecture making it an ideal drug target. The knowledge obtained will help to elucidate mechanism and design principles necessar...
Zhongyong Wu1, Wenzhu Li2, Chunxia Ni1, Zhuolin He1, Xiao Hou1 and Wanxia Pu1*
...taphylococcus aureus strains were divided into 11 genotypes by fingerprint with oligonucleotide primers OLP13. There were 12 strains in type 1, 8 in each of types 2 and 5, 22 in each of types 3 and 7, 13 in types 4, 11 in type 6, 25 in type 8, 28 in type 9, 8 in type 10 and 5 in type 11. Among the 11 types of S. aureus isolates, type3 (14/37) and type 7 (15/35) were the main prevalent stra...
Aqsa Shahid1, Saima Muzammil1, Farhan Rasheed2,Bilal Aslam1, Muhammad Akhtar Ali3, Syed Zohaib Haider4, Masroor Ellahi Babar4, Muhammad Saeed1, Umair Waqas1 and Mohsin Khurshid1,*
...tive A. baumannii strains in Pakistan which poses serious clinical concern that can lead to therapeutic failures in near future.
...
Rizwana Sultan1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Habib ur Rehman2, Saba Usman1, Ahsan Anjum1,*, Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Muhammad Usman3 and Muhammad Zahid Iqbal3
... were closely related to strains reported from India and China. This study is the first report on molecular characterization of E. tenella in Pakistan highlighting the pathological potential and distribution of E. tenella.
...
Nagarathinam Arunkumar*, Jainullabudeen Gulsar Banu, Nagarajan Gopalakrishnan and Arkalgud Hiriyannaiah Prakash
... wax-degrading bacterial strains isolated from four mealybug species infesting cotton were screened for lipase production. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, lipase-positive strains were classified into six genera, namely, Pseudoxanthomonas, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Providencia, Enterobacter, and Serratia. Acinetobacter lwoffii PSAD2 and A. beijerinckii PSAD...
Manar M. Farouk1*, Amal El-Molla1, Fayez A. Salib1 and Yousef A. Soliman2
...d Salmonella spp. strains, and 3) Build a phylogenetic tree for the partial codon sequence of stn gene of some recovered strains in order to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of practical preventive measures. A total number of 518 diarrheic sheep and goats belonging to 7 mixed flocks of sheep and goats were enrolled and from which rectal swabs were collected and subjected to culture for Salmo...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...ce of resistant nematode strains and health hazards are associated with the ceaseless use of the synthetics. The efficacy of furfural (2-furanaldehyde) from agricultural biomass waste was examined as a practicable replacement to the regular synthetic nematicide. Agricultural wastes were collected and refluxed with hydrochloric acid to produce furfural. Growth response of sugarcane plants increased significantly (p=0.05) with the highest concentration (75 mg) o...
Samreen Khan*, Salma Javed, Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasira Kazi
...r compared with original strains. This research established occurrence result of EPNs from four sites of Lakki Marwat district. In future, these discovered nematodes may be applied in captioned district as biocontrol agents against insect pests of agricultural systems. One of the alternative method against insecticides for better management of plant health under greenhouse and field circumstances in integrated pest management program. Being potential of these ...
Iqra Mobeen1*, Rabia Arif1*,Maimoona Ilyas1, Siu Fai Lee2 and Muhammad Saleem1
... SNPs were unique in SFS strains and others were fixed in the NFS strains of S. fimicola. These polymorphisms might be adaptive in stressful environmental conditions. Genotyping of eight SNPs of RK-MTases genes of S. fimicola was accomplished by designing allele specific primers via amplification refractory mutation system–PCR (ARMS-PCR) yielding amplicon...
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...cal applications. Twenty strains were isolated on chitinase producing medium (CPM) from soil samples collected from local termites’ influenced areas. Of all these, three isolates gave positive test for chitinase screened on the bases of clear zone on CPM following chitinase assay. The best chitinase producer was selected and identified as Bacillus subtilis employing 16S rRNA gene sequence identification technique. B. subtilis yielded highes...
Eman H. Mahrous1, Mohamed. W. Abd Al -Azeem2, Faisal A. Wasel1, Waleed Younis2*
...nt Pasteurella multocida strains.
Keywords | Antimicrobial susceptibility; Pasteurella multocida; Rabbits; Virulence genes
...
Aftab Ahmad Sheikh1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Belqees Akhter1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Abdul Manan Saeed2
...atic change are major constrains for expansion of irrigated agriculture in the country. In this scenario, use of underground saline water for crop production with acceptable economic yield is a viable management strategy. Therefore, a lysimeter study was conducted to evaluate the effects of saline water on quality and quantity of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Forage sorghum was sown in cemented blocks and five increasing levels of saline water (0.30, 4,...
Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Chinelo Charity Eze1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Damian Ejike Agbo1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*
...s (MARI) of the isolated strains were greater than 0.8. The formation of plaques (clear zone) on the lawn of Pseudomonas spp confirmed lytic action. The bacteriophage showed plaques on Pseudomonas sp. isolated from other sites also. The isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosaphages from residential wastewaters is a promising molecular tool in combating the global antimicrobial resistance threat....
Yang Yang1,2, Ji Shao1,2, Mingxu Zhou3,4, Qiangde Duan1,2, Xinyi Zhang1,2 and Guoqiang Zhu1,2*
...ETEC strain C83902. ETEC strains were stimulated by exogenous and endogenous long-chain and short-chain AHL molecules, respectively, and their biological characteristics, such as growth characteristics, biofilm formation ability, and adhesion ability to piglets intestinal epithelial cells IPEC-J2 were observed under the influence of the AHLs described above. Real-time PCR was used to detect the transcription levels of genes encoding major subunits of pathogeni...
Altaf Hussain1*, Muhammad Saad Ashraf3, Asim Shamim1, Mohsin Nawaz1, Arslan Mehboob2 and Urooj Fatima2
...ome extent, the epidemic strains and epidemic patterns predominant strains of IBDV in Pakistan is unclear. This highlights the need to characterize field strains of IBDV to ascertain the evidence of vaccine failure and to establish foundations for the development of vaccine matching with the epidemic strains....
Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1* and Faisal Amin2
...try as all isolated H9N2 strains belongs to this clade of G-1 lineage. Two isolated H9N2 strains A/Chick/Pak/303/2018 and A/Chick/Pak/436/2019 contain six glycosylation sites instead of seven as found in their ancestral strains. A comparative analysis of neuraminidase amino-acids sequences of B2 sub-lineage with Y- 280 lineage and B1 sub-lineage demonstrated that there were no human relate...
Mary A. Sargious1, Hanaa A. Ahmed1, Ragab M. El-Shawarby2, Hatem H. Bakery2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, E. Gus Cothran4 and Ayman Samir Farid5*
...m. Across the five basic strains of the Arabian horse, nine loci showed 13 private alleles with the Seglawi recorded six and the Abeyan recorded no private alleles. The highest Nei genetic distance and pairwise FST values were recorded between Abeyan and Hamdani while the lowest were recorded between Kehilan and Seglawi. The cluster pattern of the individual phylogenetic tree and STRUCTURE plots of the five basic horse strains
Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Kutkat1, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Baki1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Omnia Mohamed Kutkat2, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1
...pidly evoluted NDV field strains. Herein, the present study investigated the prevalence and the phylography of currently epidemic genotypes of NDV. Out of 550 samples were collected during an active surveillance in 2020 and 2021 from different poultry farms in five Egyptian governorates, 100 pooled samples were tested for NDV identification. NDV replication and growth was detected by embryo mortality after inoculation of all samples in one passage in embryonat...
Mohammed H. Galhoum1, Hamza M. Eed2, Essam S. Soliman1*
...tance among the isolated strains.
Keywords | Antimicrobial, Broiler chickens, Conventional, Molecular, Prevalence, Salmonella
...
G. Basana Gowda*, N.B. Patil, M. Sahu, S.R. Prabhukarthikeyan, S. Raghu, G.P. Pandi, T. Adak, C.K. Swain, S. Pokhare, S.D. Mohapatra and P.C. Rath
...o other 16S rRNA gene of strains within the National Centre for Biotechnological information (NCBI), Genbank. Among different bacteria strains, two, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were reported from resistant populations. Other species belonged to Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Klebsiella pneumonia (all four from resistant populations) and Achromobacter sp (from a suscept...
Farheen Aslam*, Hira Lodhi, Rasheeda Bashir, Faiza Saleem and Shagufta Naz
... multiple drug resistant strains of bacteria for New delhi-metallo-beta-lactamase (bla-Ndm1) gene. Blood samples (5ml) of children suffering from different infections, under treatment in a teriary care hospital, were screened for blaNDM-1 gene. Blood samples of 116 patients having tested for multiple drug resistance were analyzed for blaNDM-1 gene by PCR. Sixteen samples were found to be positive for blaNDM-1 gene. The bacterial species harboring blaNDM-1 gene...
Hazel Tamakan* and Huban Gocmen
... dog samples, and 3 MRSP strains were identified. Methicillin resistance of these isolates was found to be statistically significant (χ²= 90.013, p<0.0001). As in MRSA, the increasing presence of both S. pseudintermedius and methicillin resistance has started to become a global problem, and with this study, awareness will be raised in both patient owners and veterinary clinics so that they can take the necessary precautions....
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
...rview of sericulture, constrains of sericulture industry being faced by local farmers in Pakistan and impact of natural food supplements on silkworms growth and cocoon yield.
Novelty Statement | In this review article current activities related to sericulture and methods to improve economic and biological traits through diet supplementation have been discussed.
...
Aly M. Ghetas1*, Dalia M. Sedeek1, Hanaa S. Fedawy1, M.A. Bosila1, Asmaa M. Maatouq1, Hoda M. Mekky1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi1,2, Mohamed M. Amer3
...entity with the Egyptian strains and vaccine strains respectively. Finally, significant genetic changes in our IBDV isolates were observed as comparing to vaccine strains. Thus, continuous monitoring of IBDV outbreaks in vaccinated chickens and evaluation of the used vaccines are required.
Keywords | IBDV, Identification, Phylogenic tree, Native chickens, RT...
Samah Samir, Amal Awad*, Gamal Younis
...of virulent -MDR E.tarda strains in fish farms constitutes a hazard to aquaculture as well as a significant public health concern, therefore, appropriate sanitary management is required to improve water quality and reduce sickness incidence and economic losses.
Keywords | E. tarda, Fish farms, Virulence, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Biofilm.
...
Tiyyabah Khan1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Muhammad Rizwan Khan1, Muhammad Umer1, Adnan Akhter1 and Waseem Akram2
...oprid) against Pakistani strains of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (rusty grain beetle) and Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle), and tested whether insects’ mortality could control fungal contamination in stored grains or not? Bioassays were performed on wheat grains artificially infested with C. ferrugineus or T. castaneum along with spores of Aspergillus flavus or A. parasiticus. The results revealed that all the tested insecticides proved to be more toxi...
Guo-dong Zhao1,2*, He-ying Qian1,2, Yi-ling Zhang1,2, Gang Li1, 2, Jian Tang1, 2 and An-ying Xu1,2*
...ces between two silkworm strains with different susceptibility after exposure to fenvalerate. The results showed that a total of 2363 differentially expressed genes were detected in the Lan5 DGE library and 1611 were detected in the Mysore DGE library, respectively. The possible functions of all DEGs were determined using the gene ontology (GO) classification system. Pathway enrichment analysis was carried out using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes ...
Aml M. Ragab1*, Maha R. Basyoni1, Enas A.I. Khoris2, Nadia A. Abd Elghany3
...ferences B. cereus group strains and our isolates. Comparison of sequences showed that our strain groups were identical to others in nucleotide sequence similarity, ranging from 98% to 100%. The topology of the groEL- based trees was comparable to that of the phylogenetic tree from B. cereus group strains. Three subclusters could be identified, (nhe) and (cytK) could be detected in all of the B. cereus isolates, (hbl) could ...
Jiang Wu*
.... coli and Staph. aureus strains decreased at 1/2 MIC. When the chemical constituent concentration in T. officinale increased to MIC, the bacteria growth was completely inhibited. Untreated E. coli and Staph. aureus displayed typical bacilli-like and spherical morphology with uniform cell size, and the cell surface looked intact and shiny. On the contrary, when the cells were treated with increased concentration of chemical constituents of T. officinale, the c...
Zaniar A. Abas1, Mohammed Omer Baba Sheikh2,5*, Hardi N. Aziz3, Omed I. Abid4
...2/Erbil & CPV-2/krk) strains belong to new CPV-2a. A Phylogenetic tree constructed basis on the VP2 gene revealed that the field virus sequences from the present study were divided into two main phylogenetic groups (cluster A and cluster B), 10 new CPV-2a from a field isolate belonging to cluster A with (china-MF423125) and (Italian-MK348096) strains with high identities 99.20%-99.70%. The cluster B are contained 5/2 CPV...
Nour H. Abdel-Hamid1*, Walid Elmonir2, Eman I. M. Beleta1, Rania I. Ismail1, Momtaz Shahein1, Mahmoud E. R. Hamdy1
...olates and the reference strains. ERIC-PCR and RAPD-PCR Dendrograms clustered the B. melitensis isolates into two clusters and three clusters composed of 16 and 13 genotypes with genetic similarity percentages of 62% and 54% with a diversity index of 0.82 and 0.88. Both ERIC-PCR and RAPD-PCR dendrograms clustered B. abortus isolates into two clusters and three genotypes with discriminatory of 0.8 and 0.72. Both ERIC and RAPD PCRs revealed 25 singleton genotype...
Sher Bahadar Khan1,*, Mumtaz Ali Khan2, Irshad Ahmad3, Faheem Ahmad Khan4, Hamayun Khan1 and Sher Ali Khan5
...tal of 280 Staph. aureus strains from a total of 1250 milk samples from buffaloes were tested for 15 antibiotics using disc diffusion method followed by detection of their respective antimicrobial resistant genes through PCR. Among them, the highest prevalence of Staph. aureus was found in Peshawar-Mardan division (30%), followed by Malakand (28.5%), Bannu-Dera Ismail khan division (25%) and Hazara division (16%). Over all the high resistance was found against...
Abdelrahman A. Abdelrahman1, Salama A. S. Shany1, Kareem E. Hassan1, Mansy A. A. Dardeer2, Ali A.1*, Magdy F. El-Kady1*
...ion, MG, MS, and Untyped strains, with a high prevalence of MG (27.9%) and lowest for MS (8.8%). An rRT-PCR used for detection of AIV-H9N2 and IBV showed high prevalence for IBV (88.2%) and AIV-H9N2 (52.9%), the highest rates of co-infection were MG-H9N2-IBV, Mycoplasma other than MG/MS, and H9-IBV with rates of (17.6%), (14.7%), and (13.2%) respectively, While for single infection were IBV (14.7%) and H9N2 (7.4%). The highest mortality rate was (30%) of co-...
Mohamed Lebdah1, Sahar Abd El Rahman2*, Ahmed Attia3, Reham Karam2, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1, Mohamed Ibrahim El Bagoury1
... small distance from NDV strains in chickens and turkeys which is alarming for the potential transmission of NDVs from quails to other poultry species.
Keywords | Newcastle disease, Quails, RT-PCR, F gene, Pathological changes, Class II genotype VII.1.1
...
Hend K. Sorour, Mohammed A. M. Saleh, Azhar G. Shalaby*
...tween the three examined strains despite coming from different sources. It could be concluded that the practices inside poultry farms might be a possible source of spread of antimicrobial resistance to the food chain in Egypt.
Keywords | Colistin, Resistance, Mcr-1, Nucleotide sequence, Poultry, PCR
...
Mohamed. E. Taha1, Mohamed S. Ahmed2, Ahmed I. Ahmed2, Amany Adel3, Salama Rehab4,5*, Nabila Osman2**
...ll as the other Egyptian strains “A/chicken/Egypt/ME543V/2016” (99-100%), and “A/quail/Egypt/113413v/2011” (98-99%). Also, six of the N-glycosylation sites were identical to the Hong Kong isolate “HK/G1/97”, while the other two glycosylation sites at amino acid residues “188–191” and “200–203” were mutated. The phylogenetic analysis clearly highlights the aggregation of the sequenced AIV ...
Rawda S. Mohamed1,2, Mohammed Y. Matoock2*, Abeer H. Abdelrazek2
...iveness of two different strains of mice, Balb/c (B) and Swiss (S). A total of fourteen adult males, each of (S) and (B) mice, were housed in either the control group or the multiple concurrent acute stress (MAS) group that was exposed to different physical and emotional stressors for 3-hours. Serum corticosterone level, brain levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were measured. ...
Amreen Zahra1*, Mushtaq A. Saleem2, Hasnain Javed3, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
...istics of the prevailing strains is the need of the hour for successful disease control interventions in endemic countries like Pakistan. Here we present, a detailed molecular and computational analysis of the major genetic constituents, Gag-Pol region of HIV-1 for the very first time in Punjab-Pakistan including three regions of outbreak i.e. Kot Imrana Sargodha, Faisalabad and Gujrat. Drug resistance mutations such as T12A, I13A, K14R, I15V, K20I, T31S, E35D...
Basel A. Abokhadra, Samah M. Mosad, Sahar Abd El Rahman*
...gy to BoHV-1.1 reference strains away from BoHV-5 reference strains that were clustered in the other clade. BoHV-5 reference strains were different from our isolate by 25 nucleotide substitutions, which led to five amino acid substitutions ( E316D, A378T, S410G, I425T, E429G).
Keywords | Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1, Glycoprotein B, ...
A. El-Shemy1*, Hoda M. Mekky2, M. A. Bosila2, A. M. Allam1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi2, M. M. Amer3
...at the isolated Egyptian strains in this study were distant from the vaccine strain used in Egypt. In conclusion, three isolates of DHAV-1 were characterized from the examined duck flocks. Phylogenetic analysis of these isolates revealed the occurrence of differentiation between our field DHAV-1 isolates and the vaccine strain. Therefore, applying an appropriate vaccination program for breeder duck flocks is significant in controlling DHAV-1 infection. Thus, w...
Xinjun Zhang1,2, Pengyong Wang1,2, Huimin Ju1,2, Yanhong Wang1,2, Yang Yang1,2* and Guoqiang Zhu1,2*
...T24 cells, 7 canine UPEC strains were isolated from dogs in Yangzhou, China. The adhesion-encoding genes (iha, fimH, papA, papC, papG allele I, papG allele I’, papG allele II, papG allele III, focA, focG, sfaS), virulence-associated genes (sat, cdtI, cnf1, hlyD), iron uptake system encoding genes (iroN, iut, ireA) were investigated, and the ability of biofilm formation was examined. In addition, UPEC in invading T24 cells, cytotoxicity, immune response a...
Muhammad Ajmal Khan1, Muhammad Yahya2*, Ali Hazrat2, Javed Khan3, Saeed Jan4, Tabinda Nowsheen2 and Inam Ullah5
... Gram-negative bacterial strains through agar well diffusion assay (small wells were made with cork borer and 6μl of plant extract was added to the wells). The antioxidant activity of methanolic leaves extract was evaluated through a well established protocol 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) at various concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 µL). The phytochemical analysis of methanolic leaves extract of T. camphoratum showed 2.80% alkalo...
Ahmed Abd El-Salam1*, Yasser Hamouda1, Salah El-Safty2, Ahmed El-Attar2
... quality differs between strains. From the two egg type breeder strains, 240 hatched eggs (120 eggs per strain) were picked at random. The layer breeder flocks were tested at four different ages (22, 33, 43, and 64). The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in egg shell quality between the W-36 and brown hy-lines.Strain and age had a substantial impact on Egg weight, Egg length, Egg width, Shap index, Spec...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Kamran Javed1 and Imran Akhtar2
...genetic diversity in the strains under study. Principal component analysis, along with agglomerative hierarchical clustering tools were employed. Twenty-four recently bred upland cotton strains bearing diversified origin were configured in triplicate following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The data for novel attributes were recorded. Analysis of variance results indicated that a significant level of variation was ...
Omnia Mohamed Khattab1*, Hala Kamel Abdelmegeed2, Mohamed Mahmoud Mashaly1, Mervat Hamdy1*, Naglaa Hagag1, Ayman Hamed3, Hanan Aly Fahmy3, Essam Ibrahim4, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein2, Elsayyad Mohamed Ahmed2
...utbreaks and other EHV-4 strains available in databases proving wide distance with other EHV-8 and EHV-1. The study recommends rt-PCR as a screening test for the tentative diagnosis of EHV-4 in epidemiological studies and n-PCR as a sensitive differential test for the virus detection. The virological studies and molecular assays confirm the involvement of EHV-4 in equine abortion, suggests the possibility that latent virus reactivation in mares could result in...
Zahra Naz1,2, Fouzia Ismat1, Muhammad Saleem2, Mazhar Iqbal1, Aamir Shehzad1 and Moazur Rahman1,2*
...nserved nature among NDV strains and also due to its pivotal role in the viral life cycle, the M protein can be employed as a promising diagnostic antigen for reliable detection of NDV infection in chickens. In the present study, we have devised a strategy for extraction and solubilization of the NDV M protein from Escherichia coli in a single step using a non-ionic detergent, lauryl-dimethylamine oxide (LDAO), enabling the purification of the detergent-solubi...
Umar Farooq Gohar, Attia Majeed, Bushra Muneer* and Hamid Mukhtar
...kistan. About 261 fungal strains isolated, among them 22 strains had the ability to produce podophyllotoxin. Maximum podophyllotoxin production (88.14µg/ml) was shown by fungal strain P-18, which was later identified as Penicillium sp. through 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Optimum growth conditions and parameters such as fermentation medium, pH, temperature, inoculum size, carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized to atta...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Muhammad Hussnain Babar2, Aamir Hussain3, Rana Abdul Hameed Khan3, Hammad Hussnain4 and Saghir Ahmad4
...ently bred upland cotton strains across test environments. Twenty-one cotton strains were sown according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis illustrated that additive effects of genotypes, environments and multiplicative effects (GEI) were significant at (p<0.01). Test sites accounted for the biggest share (74.1%) of the...
Ali Wahdan1*, Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Manal Munier2, Elsayyad M. Ahmed3, Marwa Abo Hashem1
...;...
Performance Stability Assessment in upland Cotton Strains throughout Cotton-growing Belt in Pakistan
Muhammad Jamil1*, Ghulam Sarwar2, Imran Akhtar3, Ghayour Ahmad4 and Saeed Ahmad4
...nce stability of studied strains in terms of seed cotton yield against selected environments. Twenty-five upland cotton strains recently bred by different research stations including the check cultivar (CIM-602) were selected for this study. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis procedure was followed for the data analysis. The analysis of variance revealed that strains...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1*, Zahid Rızwan2 and Muhammad Atıf Majeed1
... ability of the parental strains. CSF varied between 0.5 and 0.79. PO206×J101, based on MEI and SF, was ranked 1st, followed by PO205×C102 and recommended for field rearing....
Jie Yang1, Wenjun Zhou2, Qi Zhang2, Lei Chu2, Zhenshi Chen1, Xiajun Zhang2, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang1* and Lihui Wang1*
...3, 329, 298, 5, 11 and 5 strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, AZM, spectinomycin and ceftriaxone, respectively. The mutation detection of AZM-R related gene showed that there were single (A) nucleotide deletion mutation in mtrR promoter region, G45D mutation in mtrR coding region, G70 mutation in rplD and A2047G mutation in 23s rRNA allele, but no mutation was found in rplV. A total of 8 different STs were identified in 5 AZM-R
Hams M.A. Mohamed1*, Katreen K.G.2, M.W. Abd Al-Azeem1, Faysal A. Wasel2, Ahmed M. Abd-Eldayem3
...ance of L. monocytogenes strains against several antimicrobials in addition, they harbored antibiotic resistance genes, including. ampC, aad6, tetM each present in 100% of our isolates and mefA (37.5%). Furthermore, different virulence genes, including the most often found virulence-associated genes hlyA and inlB (100% for each), inlA (50%) were present in our isolates. Interestingly, all of the isolates demonstrated varying degrees of biofilm forming capabili...
Mehwish Saleem1* and Amina Atiq2
...icles. Various bacterial strains were successfully combatted by garlic nanoparticles’ strong antibacterial properties (E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus). Additionally, Staphylococcus aureus showed the greatest sensitivity to garlic nanoparticles, with inhibitory zones of 19 mm, 17 mm, and 18 mm for an aqueous extract for aqueous extract and for ethanolic garlic extract was (19mm, 17mm and 15mm) K. pneumonia was t...
Ahmed Rizk1, Gomaa Said Ramadan2*, Alaa Eldin Abdou3, Ossama Ahmed El-Weshahy1, Omer Sayed Rashed1
...G-1 and Mamourah chicken strains was 866.45 grams and 558.75 grams in the first generation. In the second generation, the Tanta G-1 line’s body weight was 1006.50 grams against 555.10 grams for the Mamourah strain, while in the third generation the average body weight in the Tanta G-1 line was 1068.93 grams versus 551.25 grams in the Mamourah strain at the age of 8 weeks. This difference between the two lines was significant (P≤0.05). Body weight at...
Umair Faheem1*, Madiha Mobeen Khan2, Qurban Ali3, Muhammad Jamil4, Wajiha Anum2, Mashal Rehman2, Imran Akhtar2, Mussurrat Hussain1, Qaisar Abbas1, Ghayour Ahmad5 and Abrar Ahmad6
...a juncea. Five varieties/strains i.e. BRJ-9070, BRJ-9072, BRJ-1004, BRJ-1104 and KP Raya were grown in two sets with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and there were three replications. No pesticides used on untreated block and natural populations of aphids were allowed to develop to estimate losses while and aphid population was recorded every 10 days intervals, while the treated blocks were kept free from aphids by the use of carbosulfan @ 400 ml/acre....
Rahman Ullah1*, Muhammad Junaid2, Nabila Gulzar2, Rahat Ullah Khan3, Baseer Ahmad4, Ambrina Tariq5, Aamir Iqbal6, Mushtaq Ahmed7 and Mirwaise Khan8*
...igenic Escherichia coli) strains in both raw and pasteurized milk available in the market of District Kasur, Punjab (31.0896° N, 74.1240° E). A total of 65 samples of milk including 5 pasteurized milk samples from various sources were analyzed through scientific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method including other microbiological laboratory techniques (Total plate count, Gram staining, Hydrogen sulphide, Citrate, Urease and Indole Tests). A high leve...
Chunlan Shan1, Chaoying Liu1, Qin Lu1, Guowen Fu2, Syed Aftab Hussain Shah3, Rana Waseem Akhtar4, Ru Zhao2, Libo Gao2, Chang Liu2, Shushu Miao2, Hongdan Wang2 and Hong Gao2*
.... coli superior serotype strains were isolated and identified from Yunnan Saba pigs. The genomic DNA of all isolated superior serotypes of E. coli was obtained. Five major high pathogenicity island (HPI) structural genes (irp1, irp2, irp3, irp4 and irp5) were cloned, sequenced and referenced with GenBank database. The sequence identities of irp1, irp2, irp3, irp4 and irp5 with GenBank were 98 %, 99 %, 99 %, 98 %, and 99 %, respectively. Forty-four E. coli isol...
Ghulam Akbar1*, Muhammad Anjum Zia1, Amer Jamil1 and Faiz Ahmad Joyia2
...ong these beta hemolytic strains the Streptococcus equisimilis is being used for industrial streptokinase production. It has 414 amino acids globular chain with 47000 D molecular weight. The fibrinolytic drug is comparatively cheap as compared to all other fibrinolytic drugs. It is the drug of choice in all low income nations and developing countries. The mortality rate with cardiovascular diseases is 85% in less developed countries and 75% prevalence is in wo...
Amir Abdullah Khan and Muhammad Irfan*
...rent study, 68 bacterial strains were isolated from citrus field soil and tested for antifungal activity using the streak plate method. Among them, one bacterium was found to be antagonist against the pathogen. This was identified as Bacillus subtilis 2i through 16SrRNA. The disease causing fungus was also isolated and identified as Schizophyllum sp. B2A through 18SrRNA.The strain Bacillus subtilis 2i was cultivated in sub-merged fermentation for the productio...
Nauman Zaheer Ghumman, Muhammad Ijaz*, Arslan Ahmed, Muhammad Umar Javed, Iqra Muzammil and Ahmed Raza
...e emergence of resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) confers overwhelming economic losses to the global dairy industry. The current study was planned to investigate the S. aureus and MRSA associated subclinical mastitis in 345 milk samples (Cattle n=173, Buffalo n=172) collected from indigenous bovines of district Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The milk samples were screened for S. aureus and the confirmed isolat...
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...ign: justify;">Bacterial strains were isolated from infested Heterodera avenae cysts and screened against the second stage juvenile
(J2) mortality assay in vitro. About 40.16 % isolates showed 40.0% J2 mortality during 12 hours. Significantly
increased upto 86.0% mortality was observed in 24 hour exposures. Among them twenty six Bacillus strains were
Hira Anwar1, Muhammad Jabran1,3, Anam Moosa2, Usman Arshad2, Abdul Haseeb1, Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Burhan4, Amjad Abbas1, Muhammad Naveed5 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1*
...t of different bacterial strains i.e., Bacillus sp. MN54, Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Burkholderia. phytofirmans PsJN alone and in different combinations was assessed on plant growth promotion and inhibition of M. incognita infection on okra in a greenhouse experiment under completely randomized design (CRD). The results revealed that application of Enterobacter sp. MN17 significantly enhanced the root length (19.0), root weight (8.7), and shoot dry weight (19.6...
Ahmed S.M.H. EL Roby
...an the
other strains and gave the highest corrected mortality percentage in the infestation (from 68.59% to 70.83%). The
LC50 were 25.42 and 45.5 IJs/ insect for the two strains, respectively.
...
F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen
...S.S.16 @ 75 IJs/cm2. The strains PAK.S.S.16
and PAK.P.S.9 showed shortest 1.21 and 1.2 days to death in termites, while the isolate PAK.P.S.9 showed the
shortest infection cycle length (4.65). Moreover, the strain PAK.S.S.16 showed highest rate of reproductive potential
(830) than other three strains. The study was influenced by mortality; days to death, infection cycle length and
<...
I. Jafri, A.A. Shahid, A. Ibrahim† and M. Atif
...tomato in field. Various strains of bacteria were examined for their influence on shoot, root length, plant
height, egg-mass, number of juveniles and number of knots per root system. Outcomes revealed that
Controlled (C1) Meloidogyne sp., Bacillus sp., (T1), Meloidogyne sp., and Bacillus thuringiensis (T2)
remarkably suppressed nematode infestations because they act as growth inhabiting agents for juveniles;
redu...
F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen
...ntomopathogenic nematode strains; steinernematids and heterorhabditid were estimated by
nucleotide sequences using three molecular makers viz; ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2 rDNA (seventy nine); D2-D3 and
28S (LSU) sequences of rDNA region (fifteen) and 12S rDNA mitochondrial gene (twenty nine) to investigate the
genetic diversity. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using two different methods maximum parsimony (MP) and
...
A.W. Amin†, A.A. Anter, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
...ato.
...
Sofiane Tamendjari1,2*, Farida Bouzebda Afri1,2, Lina Chaib1, Hebib Aggad3, Zoubir Bouzebda1,2
...as with respect to these strains, and to evaluate their degrees of resistance to certain antibiotics used in human and veterinary medicine
A total of 90 samples of sheep, chicken and turkey meat were collected and analyzed. Modified Baird-Parker medium was used for enumeration and isolation of strains, free coagulase and thermonuclease tests were performed as well as other biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility ...
A total of 90 samples of sheep, chicken and turkey meat were collected and analyzed. Modified Baird-Parker medium was used for enumeration and isolation of strains, free coagulase and thermonuclease tests were performed as well as other biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility ...
Dina N. Ali1*, Sayed H. Elhabtey2*, Manal M. Amin1
...inst reference bacterial strains by using agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MO and Nano-MO was 3% and 2%, on Listerea monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and E. coli bacteria, respectively. While, in inoculation of MO and Nano-MO in cheese complete reduction of examined bacteria was recorded at 3rd week of storage except for L. monocytogenes Nano-MO killed it at 2nd week. Overall acceptability (OAA) in...
Nachaat Sakr
...l genotypes and pathogen strains. Most significantly, stability of cultivars for head blight resistance was fulfilled during seasons as well as under several experimental conditions, suggesting that cultivars with stable and high disease resistance could be incorporated to crossbreeding programs to reinforce host resistance to fungal infection. This primarily study has recognized some favorable barley and wheat cultivars for selected breeding and commercializa...
Muhammad Afzal1,3*, Shafqat Saeed1, Hasan Riaz1, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, M. Habib ur Rahman2
...due to multiple virulent strains and higher recombination rate that is a serious threat to the cotton crop of the last two decades in Pakistan. Alternate host plants belonged to vegetables, weeds, and mixed farming practices helped the evolution of new viral and whitefly species. The CLCuD develops resistant cultivars against CLCuV and screening of new host resistance forms. Applications of DNA markers to induce resistance into the cultivars and editing of gen...
J. Salma and F. Shahina
...e valuable for selecting strains of entomopathogenic nematodes for mass production on large scale to provide protection to crops against insects....
Ghada A. Ibrahim1*, Mohamed Sayed Helal1, Nahed Abd Elhafeeze Kamoura2, Mohamed Samir3,4, Amira Mohamed Mazid5, Mohamed F.M. Farag6
...tamases (ESBL) producing strains are one of the dominantly pathogenic bacteria that involved in bovine respiratory infections. Its spreading problem is growing rapidly especially it could combine resistance with high-level of virulence traits that make it is more difficult to be treated. This study provides insight into the respiratory infections by Klebsiella spp. and its MDR profile in bovine cases, as well as the potential target genes that were involved in...
SADAF SARFRAZ1*, SAFDAR AMEER1, REENA AMBREEN1, SHOMAILA SIKANDAR 2, SHAISTA NAWAZ3 AND YASIR SALEEM3
...ous bacterial and fungal strains. As shown by the findings of the present study, Cinnamon oil is found a potent antibacterial agent against all microbes used. Additionally, it was found that cinnamon samples collected from Sri Lanka has the highest oil content (3.1%), followed by China (2.8 %) and India (1.9 %), where all tests were standardised using fixed oil levels. In terms of antimicrobial properties, obtained r...
AZKA ASIF, HAREEM MOHSIN*, SADIA N CHAUDHRY, & WARDA FATIMA
...biochemically identified strains isolated form oil contaminated sites. All strains used were known producers of biosurfactants but showed variable results for different tests. Four of five strains produced similar results for OST, TGS and emulsification assay. Drop collapse assay produced negative results when small amounts of biosurfactants were present. So it was concluded that a single ...
Ayesha Ahsan1, Rabia Arif2*, Samina Nazir1, Muhammad Saleem2 and Memunna G. Shahid1
...omolog bml gene from six strains and F3 and F4 generations of Sordaria fimicola collected from the Evolution Canyon-1. Sequenced products of 464 bp of tubulin gene and 548 bp for PKC gene were aligned to observe the genetic variations between the eight parental strains of S. fimicola and reference sequence of S. fimicola. Total six polymorphic sites were observed in case of tubulin gene out of which 5 sites were common among...
Syeda Fakhra Waheed1, Asim Aslam1*, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2 and Beenish Zahid3
...re-emergence of virulent strains of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) has resulted in substantial economic losses in Pakistan despite mass and intense vaccination regimens. Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important immunosuppressive diseases of the poultry and has been a constraint on sustainable food security around the globe, including Pakistan. This disease damages the bursa of Fabricius (BF), which causes immunosuppression in birds....
Omnia M. Khattab1, Morcos I. Yanni2, Hala K. Abdelmegeed2, Mahmoud Eliwa1, Naglaa M. Hagag1, Sara M. Elnomrosy1
...the isolates the vaccine strains of EU498680 and EU498681.No amino acid substitution was detected.
Keywords | Feline Pan-leucopenia, PCR, Sequencing, vaccination, screening, VP2and Egypt
...
Imran Muhammad Siddique1, Naseem Sharif1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Mudassar Naseer1, Ammara Noreen3, Naseem Akhtar4 and Safeer ud Din5
... five less seeded kinnow strains (1-6 seeds). Results depicted that less seeded kinnow strain, encoded LSKS-2, produced superior external and internal quality attributes. Average fruit weight and size outstripped other contestant strains. It produces average weight per fruit as 170.58gms with length/breadth, as 70.68mm and 68.08 mm respectively. Maximum juice recovery as 46.22% with glucose 48.08gms per liter, fructose 27.72...
Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hammam, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed* and Mahfouz Mohamed Mostafa Abd-Elgawad
...cal (Nemaless, bacterial strains of Serratia marcescens) nematicide; that is, the gain threshold was 0.78 versus 0.57 metric tons of pods feddan−1 (= 4200 m−2), respectively. This comparison should serve as a favorable, forward-looking assessment for the economic and safe application of biological pest control. Applying the chemical (oxamyl) or biological (Nemaless) nematicide is justified for M. arenaria control but Nemaless is less costly. Grower...
M. A. Abou El- Nasr1, Kh. A. Dougdoug1, Hayam S. Abdelkader2, and Rehab A.
Dawoud2
...ence homology with other strains of PPV and 45% similarity to the CP or PPV-D strain. A PCR fragment coding for the 43 C-terminal amino acids of the Nib and the N-terminal part of the CP (complete variable region plus 19 amino acids of the conserved core) was cloned and expressed into the pQE- 100 plasmid vector. Upon induction, the viral protein coat gene was expressed as 6xHis-tagged PPV/CP fusion protein in E. coli M15 cells. The fusion protein was confirme...
Om-Hashem M. EI-Banna1, M. A. S El-Kady2, E. A Salama1 and Salwa N. Zein2
... to ß RNAs of both strains. On the Other hand, nucleotide, and amino acid sequences of the two strains revealed differences in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) between the coat protein and ꞵb gene. It was clear that five bases, and 18 out of 1 16 amino acids were found different. three amino acids insertion, and one amino acid deletion. Little differences were also observed regarding the 5' UTR of RNA γa as six...
A.Y. Ahmad1, M. A. Amer2, T. A. Mostafa1, F. M. Abo El-Abbas1, and M. El-Hammady1
...paring with standard PVY strains showed highest similarity with PVY NTN -H followed by PVY NTN-Tu660, PVYN-Jg. PVY Wi and PVYN-Fre in rate of 98.8, 90.0, 89.9, 83.9, and 70.1 % respectively using DNASTAR software....
Om-Hashem M. El Banaa l, A.A. Abou Zeid2, Fawzia I. Moursy3 and Azza, G. Farag
... sequence of the Morocco strains of S. citri Saglio (R8A2HP and G113) were used. Two pairs of primers SC. SC’ and SC8. SC9 were used. PCR fragment of correct size 330bp was amplified with primers SC. SC expressing spiralin gene and 760bp was amplified with primers SC8, SC9 for recA gene. No amplified products were obtained from samples of healthy citrus trees. Nucleic acid hybridization using non-radioactive DNA probes through southern blot hybridization...
Sahar. A. Shoman1 and B. A. Othman2
...nce of the published TMV strains. Detection of the TMV-E using RT-PCR raises the availability of species-specific primers for the TMV-E that will be helpful for diagnosis in mixed infection. In addition, it will be helpful in further molecular characterization of this strain....
A.l. Abd El-Fattah; A.s. Saclik M.M. El-Kholi; I.A. Åbdcl-Hmnid and M.A. Madkour
...igned to screen the SCMV strains in Egypt based on biological. serological and molecular characterization. Data of the use of Sorghum bicolor vars. Rio and Atlas show successful detection of 7 SCMV strains (A, B. D. E. H. l. and M). The indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) detection Of SCMV strains showed the presence or five strains. i.e...
Rafik Soliman1*, Rafik H. Sayed2, Hanan Mahmoud3, Heidy Abo El-Yazeed1, Marsell Saad1, Shaimaa Abdelall Elsaady2, Khalid Sh3
...sgalactiae. The selected strains for vaccine preparation were inactivated with a predetermined minimal lethal dose of gamma radiation (4krad kGy/min) and the bacterial inactivation was assured using bacteriological examination. Two experiments were done; in experiment No.1, the immunizing efficacy of the prepared vaccine was evaluated in two groups of apparently normal lactating cows (4 cows /group). The first group was unvaccinated and kept as a control grou...
Yue-Xia Ding1, Qun Wu2, Zhao Namula1 and Yi Ma1,*
...d erythromycin-sensitive strains by gradually increasing the antimicrobial concentration. Plasmid conjugation test was carried out by membrane filtration method. The correlation between antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits was analyzed by LD50 and related genes. Sensitive Streptococcus isolates to erythromycin and S. pneumoniae ATCC49619 were induced to resistance in vitro, MIC value was from ≤ 0.5 μg/mL up to ≥ 64 μg/mL, and ermB or mefA ...
Asmaa A. Darwish*, Adel M. El-Kattan, Mona A. Mahmoud, Mohamed T. Ragab, Amani A. Hafez
...d to B. melitensis field strains virulence and assess the immunological, hormonal, and iron profile alterations related to B. melitensis infection in sheep and goat with special reference to their value as biomarkers for the disease. Vaginal swabs were collected from 110 ewes and 150 does for bacteriological examination. Blood samples were collected for immunological, hormonal, and iron profile estimation. The total recovery of B. melitensis was 13.50% with ne...
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Waqar Younus1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Yasir Iftikhar2*, Sonum Bashir2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2 and Azhar Hussain1
...of new pathogen and pest strains causes catastrophes to GB’s cereal and horticultural Crops. Moreover, Traditional plant varieties that resist disease and pests have been supplanted with fragile but high-yielding cultivars. As a result, diseases like rust, smut, black scurf, early blight, late blight, potato leaf roll virus, potato virus Y, grey mold, mildew, crown gall disease, gummosis disease, and nematodes and pests such as insect pests, i.e., fruit ...
Mati Ullah1*, Muhammad Rizwan2, Ali Raza3, Xianlin Zhao4, Yanling Sun4, Sarah Gul5, Muhammad Ihtesham Waheed6, Muhammad Nadeem Khan7, Alvina Gul8, Sami Ullah Jan9* and Chao Huang4*
...sed the genomes of three strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103, Lactobacillus casei L9, and Lactobacillus paracasei W56) of LCG isolated from traditional yogurt samples using the next-generation sequencing approach. The GC contents of the characterized strains were in the range of 46.03 to 46.52% while the protein-coding sequences (CDS) were in the range of 2544 to 2888. The pan-genome analysis of the three
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
...ution of novel bacterial strains. Numerous plants act as a source of novel compounds that could be used to develop new drugs. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the methanolic extract of Corylus jacquemontii for phytochemical, antibacterial, antioxidant potential. The methanolic fraction of C. jacquemontii was evaluated for quantitative phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial efficacy was investigated via well diffusion method by using...
Muhammad Adeel Farooq1, Shaukat Ali1*, Ali Hassan1, Rida Sulayman1, Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem2, Hafsa Shahzad1, Muhammad Summer1, Arooj Latif1, Tahreem Tanveer1
...oying a mutation in wild strains. To reduce costs, less expensive agro-wastes were used, such as soybean meal, wheat bran, apple peels, rice husk, and cucumber peels. The mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis (BSAA-5 to BSAA-40) and Bacillus licheniformis (BLAA-5 to BLAA-40) were prepared by exposure to UV radiation for 5 to 40 min to synthesize α-amylase via submerged fermentation. Then the crude α-amylase synthes...
Farha Deba1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Muhammad Irfan1*
...seven distinct bacterial strains that can produce keratinase were isolated and identified from the abattoir region. A transparent, clear zone was evident in each isolate during the initial primary screening on skimmed milk agar plates. The secondary screening was then evaluated via submerged fermentation utilizing raw feathers as a substrate for keratinase production. On skimmed milk agar plates with streaked pure culture growth patterns, these seven
Maria Azam1, Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1, Saddam Hussain2, Amjad Islam Aqib3*, Shanza Rauf Khan4, Kashif Akram1, Misbah Ijaz5, Maheen Murtaza6, Afshan Muneer6 and Sammina Mahmood7
...he other hand, resistant strains were put to antibacterial testing assay against metallic nanoparticles both by well diffusion and broth microdilution method. To analyze the data, both probability and non-probability statistical tools were applied using SPSS version 22 of statistical software at 5% probability. The current study showed 24.56% of S. aureus positive from commercial dairy while the resistance of these isolates against gentamicin, enrofloxacin, le...
Iram Liaqat1*, Noor Muhammad1, Muhammad Mubin2, Najma Arshad3, Tehreema Iftikhar4, Sumera Sajjad5 and Farzana Rashid5
...ntial of actinobacterial strains isolated from soil samples of Pakistan. Out of fourteen purified actinobacteria, antibiotic susceptibility profile confirmed five isolates showing resistance against tested antibiotics (ampicillin; lincomycin; rifampicin and erythromycin). Ribotyping confirmed that these isolates belong to Streptomyces species and were identified as S. monticola, S. septentrionalis, S. polaris, S. desertarenaee and S. lutosisoli. Primary screen...
Xu Yun-Ming1*, Sun Zhi-Yuan1, Yang Jian-Bo1, Bian Rong-Rong2, Ren Hong-Lin3, Zhong Si-Yuan1, Cai Yu-Hong1, Peng Jing1 and Bao Hua-Xia1
... incubating 60 min. Two strains of B. cereus out of 18 strains were positive result by LAMP assay. The detection limit of B. cereus genomic DNA(gDNA) by LAMP was 0.755 pg/μL which was 100 times more sensitive than conventional PCR assay. The CFU limit of LAMP assay was 14×103 CFU/mL. The artificial polluted samples (chicken meat) can be detected by LAMP, when at least 45 min must be needed to enrich bacteria. Visua...
Mai M. Dawood*1, Mohamed Fawzy2 and Mohamed S. Elshahidy3
...with previously isolated strains which indicates persistence of vvIBDv in Egyptian poultry environment. In conclusion, theses data reveal the success and nonstop evolution of the vvIBDv in the Egyptian environment. This is why we must do further analysis in result of the nature of the viruses.
...
Olabode, H.O.K1, Mailafia, S1, Martha Echioda-Ogbole1*, Ameh, J.A1, Amadi, K.I1 and Meseko C.A2
... circulating viral field strains for comparism with empirical vaccine strains and create more public enlightenments and awareness campaign about the disease burden and possible zoonotic impact....
ZAMARA MASOOD1, FAROOQ SALEEM1, SARFRAZ AHMAD2, TALHA JAMSHAID3, IMRAN WAHEED4,
MUHAMMAD AZEEM1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN6, 7*
...ainst selected bacterial strains, both Gram
positive and Gram negative i.e. from 1.33 mm to 25.66 mm and against
fungal strains i.e. from 1.33 mm to 24.33 mm. These findings suggest that
the different parts of R. laetus exhibiting different biological activities and
could be used as a promising source of novel drugs.
...
SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1*, MUNAZZA DANISH AJAZ2, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL3, AHSAN SATTAR SHEIKH4 & FIRDAUS KOUSAR BUKHARI5
...IT. Particular probiotic strains (including Lactobacillus johnsonni La1 and Saccharomyces boulardii) have been able to downgrade the concentration of bacteria. It has been reported that Lactobacillus reuteri is at par in efficacy in this regard. The aim of this article involves the provision of an update of the present and futuristic approaches and therapeutics to eradicate infections in animals and humans. Miscellaneous approaches include anti-Campylobacter c...
Raed Hussein Salih Rabee1, Yahya Sabah Abdulameer1, Walla Farhan Obed1, Noor R Abady1, Adnan Mansour Jasim1*, Firas Hussein Albawi1, Mohammed Jasim Jawad2, Ahmed Samir Abukhomra3
...drug-resistant microbial strains, allergic and an alteration of the normal flora in the intestines. The study aimed to evaluate the residue levels of enrofloxacin in chicken meat after administering berberine (BBR). Escherichia coli (E. coli) was isolated from chickens suffering from diarrhea, and its isolation was confirmed by culturing it on MacConkey agar medium. In this study, a total of one hundred chicken chicks were reared, and on the tenth day of the e...
Iko-Ojo Charity Ikwe Agada, James Agbo Ameh, Olatunde H. Olabode and Martha Echioda-Ogbole*
...te field circulating CPV strains and the potency of available vaccines in Nigeria is hereby recommended.
...
Lessons to Learn from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recent Advances in mRNA Vaccines Against Viral Diseases
Mahmoud M. Bayoumi
...ilored to specific viral strains. Moreover, mRNA-based vaccines offer several advantages over conventional or molecular-based vaccine types. The mRNA vaccine only encodes the target viral protein, with no infection hazard or even nucleic acid integration. Furthermore, mRNA vaccines can stimulate both specific cellular and humoral immunity in a short time scale to combat a life-threatening or emerging viral disease. This review will comprehensively cover the re...
Moustafa A. Zaghloul1*, Mohamed F. Azooz1, Saleh E. Ali1*, Heba M. Soliman1, Maha M. Sayed1, Mohamed H. Kafafy2 and Alaa R. Morsy1
...wed high identity to LSD strains fromSouth Africa, Australia, Kenya, Sudan, Ethiopia, Russia, Bangladesh and Iran. Initially, possible T-cell and B-cell epitopes were predicated by manipulating the four antigenic proteins GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV. Several bioinformatic methods were employed to find superior epitopes. Fifty-three epitopes passed the three B-cell prediction tools. Twelve promising and top linear B epitopes passed the antigenicity, allergenicity ...
Morcos Ibrahim Yanni1* and Eid Elsaid Abdelaziz2
...s, locally used vaccinal strains and other used strains internationally. Ten brain tissues from confirmed rabid cases in three governorates; Dakahleya (3), Alexandria (4); and Beheira (3) were diagnosed using viral cell culture and Direct Fluorescent Test (DFT) for the rabies virus. The samples were tested positive by DFT and isolated on baby hamster kidney cell culture. Of them, three confirmed rabies samples were picked to...
Akram A. Salama1, Moustafa A. Zaghloul2*, Ahmed A. Zaghawa1, Mohamed A. Nayel1, Ahmed M. Elsafey1, Mohamed F. Azooz2, Hanem S. Harb1 and Walid S. Mousa1
...e identity with vaccinal strains of LSDV was 94.1%. The alignment analysis revealed a distinct 27-base deletion in the vaccine strains. Our results can be used to better understand the epidemiology of LSDV in Egypt and to build an effective disease control programme. Furthermore, our findings emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance and characterization of circulating LSDV strains
Rabiea Pervaiz, Shaista Bano*, Sarfraz Ali Tunio, Abdul Nabi Jatt and Aisha Amber Soomro
...fication of the isolated strains was determined by sequencing their 16S rRNA genes. The isolates identified as B. pseudomycoides were screened for their antibacterial potential. In order to circumvent the trouble created from rhizoidal colony morphology of B. pseudomycoides, a colony mutant of a strain showing strong antibacterial activity was obtained by screening/selection method and designated as B. pseudomycoides strain SB138m. The sequence of 16S rRNA gen...
El-Absawy, E.A.; Mahmoud, Amal; Hemeida, A.A. and Helmy, M.
...es pvy0, pvyw and PVYN:O strains. The Egyptian PVY isolate was clearly classified within group I, and was more closely related to PVY strains. Ten nucleotide substitutions resulted in 3 conserved amino acid substitutions (VI*I, G7*E, M or V and S8*G) and were able to differentiate between both groups. The partial coat protein region was more diverse than that of the 3'UTR (92.6-100% and (97.7-100% identity, respectively). Th...
El-Dougdoug2, Kh.A; Ghalyl, M.F. and Tahal , M.A.
...denti$r the Streptomyces strains, morphological, physiological, biochemical and antagonism testes were performed. The Egyptian isolates of Streptomyces were found to be a species ofcalvus, canarius, vinaceusdrappus, nogalater and viridosporus. The Streptomyces spp were grown in glycerol asparagine broth medium and the culture supernatants obtained were filtered through 0.45 pl filter. These isolates were tested in two experiments for their ability to control a...
Nassarl , Entsar A.; El-Dougdoug , Kh. A.; Osmanl , M.E; Dawoud3, Rehab
A. and Kinawy l , Aliaa H.*
...ogy with other published strains of TMV in GenBank and 81% amino acid sequence homology. Tissue culture approach was used to pemit the recovery of TMV-Ch-free micropropagated shoots via application of 20 mg/l virazole followed by thermotherapy at 380C for two weeks and early screening to facilitate the efficient production of virus free tissue culture derived propagules using the produced antiserum against TMV-Ch-EG....
Madbouly, H.M; Orkhan, M.H**; Nagwa El-khoty
...vian influenza (Al) H5N1 strains have been isolated during February 2006 from infected chicken located at El-Qanater El-Khiria center, Qaluobia, Eypt. These isolates were molecularly characterized and compared with those H5Nl strains isolated during January 2007 from the same locality. The strains isolated from infected chicken during 2006 were closely related to A/ty/Turkey/l/05 stra...
El-Tarabili M. M., El-Shahidy M. S., Rifaat M. M., Kania S. A. and Abdelwahab Shahira A.
... to detect the MCF virus strains in both cattle and deer. The virus was detected in cattle samples by Ovine MCF RT-PCR while was detected in deer samples by a newly developed assay for deer MCF. Prevalence of ovine MCF was 18.5% in cattle and 58% in sheep. Nucleotide sequencing analysis of selected cases from cattle and deer showed that the similarities among the detected positive samples and published one ranged between 98-100% for both. The high prevalence o...
Hassanein, S.A.*; Ibrahim, A.K**; Mervat, M.M.* and Nahed,K.A.*
...ign: justify;">Reference strains and field isolates of herpesviruses recovered from cattle, sheep and goat in Egypt were compared by virus neutralization, (VN), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Antigenic comparison using VN test and their effect on MDBK cell culture detected no difference, thus demonstrating the close antigenic relationship between the examined herpesviruses. Using the restri...
M.A. Farag*, Abeer, E. Mansour* and s.M.
...onse against the vaccine strains 01/3/93 and A/l/Egypt/2006 accompanied by protection percentage of 33% against challenged virus 01/3/93 with low values of AOD were recorded in sheep previously infected with BVDV one week before vaccination. Challenging the immunity of sheep both simultaneously infected with BVDV and vaccinated or infected one week post vaccination against 01/3/93 revealed protection percentages of 66%. Sheep fed on commercial ration treated w...
Amina A. II. and M.K. Amin
...le to lysis 13 out of 20 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, this result shows that phage PAI has a broad host range. The phage was able to lysogenized three strains (PAOI, PU21. MAM2) and was also able to release spontaneously from these lysogenic strains. The phage particles which released spontaneously from lysogens were used for transducing different genes from donor ATC43 to recipient ...
B. A. Othman; Kh. A. El-Dougdoug; M. H. Abdel Ghaffar and T. F. El-Arabi
... the role or R. meliloti strains Barseem (parental) and Barseem (mutant), and led to decrease the growth characters and nitrogen content of clover plants. While Barseem IP2 (mutant) was not affected by phages since the growth characters and nitrogen content of clover plants were increased. ...
Seham A. El-Zeedy1, Dalia A. Abd El-Moaty1, H. A. Hussein2 and M. A. Shalaby2
...d 98.8% to the classical strains Cu-l, D78, and PBG-98, while Giza/2000 has the highest identity 98.3-98.1% on nucleotide level and 98.3% on a.a level to the vvIBDV. The multiple alignment of the two Egyptian isolates with different IBDV serotype I strains showed that isolate shared three unique a.a residues at positions 222A, 256I, and 294Ile that were found only in vvIBDV as well as the conserved serine rich heptapeptide r...
A. A. El-Kholy1, S. Vilcek2 and A. M. Daoud1
... laboratory and vaccinal strains of BVDV. Clustering and phylogenetic analyses suggested that these Egyptian vaccinal and field BVDVs are low-Kinetic variants of reference BVDV-Ia. particularly the NADL, represented as a distinguished branch within the phylogenetic tree. Accordingly, BVDV-la (NADL-like), is the dominant circulating genotype in Belbees, El-Sharquia, to date, and the local vaccine could likely induce an antigenically appropriate immune response....
Nahed A. Mohamed l, H. A. Hussein2, Fathia M. Mohamed1 and M. A. Shalaby2
... isolation of BVDV field strains from apparently health buffaloes. One hundred and thirty-two samples including buffy coat and organs were collected from apparently health Screening buffaloes in Cairo, Mansoura and Suez governorates in Egypt during the year 1999. Screening of samples by GAPT using standard known anti-BVDV antisera revealed that three positive samples for the presence of BVDV antigen. In a trial for the isolation of the BVDV, 69 buffy coat samp...
H. A. Hussein1, N.A. Mohamed2, F.M. Mohamed2 and M.A. Shalaby1
...h behavior of BVDV field strains isolated from apparently health buffaloes in cell culture was studied. The isolated viruses were classified into 3 groups based on the onset and severity of cytopathic effect (CPE). The cytopathogenicity of the isolates were different when these viruses were inoculated on BVDV-free and-infected cell lines. To study the discrepancies on the growth behavior of the local isolates, the viruses subjected to further passages on MDBK ...
H.A. SULTANl, H.A. HUSSEIN2, and F.F. EL-KHAYAT3
...th other serotype-1 IBDV strains. as they cross-reacted in AC-ELISA and AGPT. Although, the epidemiological investigation and antigenic typing by AC-CLISA test as well as pathogenicity study suggested that IBD field isolates are in the majority of highly virulent pathotype producing acute disease with severe clinical picture. The current study presents evidence of two variant isolates existing in commercial broiler and native Baladi farms with history of probl...
Ausama A. Yousif1,3, Sandy M. Watkins1, Lyle J. Braunl, David J. Hurley2 and Christopher C. L. Chase1
...y infecting and vaccinal strains of Bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) indicate that mixed pestivirus infections occur in vivo and that bovine cells support replication of RNA from BVDV-I and BVDV-2 (Ridpath and Bolin. 1995: Becher et al. 2001). BVDV type-specific molecular beacons were used to estimate the effect of the presence of two BVDV RNA genotypes on the RNA relative replication efficiency of each genotype by comparing Ct values obtained from the samne...
Tarek Refaay, E.A. Elshafiee, Hayam A. Mansour and Maha A. Sabry*
...mong the E. coli O157:H7 strains was B2 identified in raw and cooked beef and cooked chicken, collected from Luxor, Hurghada, and Alexandria governorates, respectively. Whereas, D phylogenetic group E. coli O157:H7 was only found in raw chicken sample collected from Hurghada Governorate. In conclusion, the detection of pathogenic MDR E. coli O157:H7 in food samples, food handlers and food equipment in some touristic cities in Egypt poses a serious risk to publ...
Sarah G. Yousef1*, Ahmed Shehta2, Hend M. El Damaty1 and Hussein A. Elsheikh3
...alysis revealed that our strains (ON816021 and ON816022) were 100% identical showed complete identity with MAP-C (M. paratuberculosis of cattle origin) as Japanese (CP066812) and German strain (CP022105). Overall, the findings highlight the potential of the IS900 gene-based molecular technique for MAP detection in small dairy cattle farms....
Tabinda Nowsheen1, Sayed Wadood Ali Shah2, Ali Hazrat1*, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar4 and Muhammad Ajmal Khan3
...nst all tested bacterial strains at25, 50 and 100 µg/ml. The methanolic crude extract of A. maritime various parts showed MIC of 37.5µg/ml for S. aureus which is gram-positive bacteria followed by 75µg/ml for P. aeruginosa, (gram negative), and B. subtilis (gram positive) that is nearly similar to the activity of ciprofloxacin (standard). The methanolic leaves extract of A. maritime displayed the highest scavenging activity (78.09µg/ml)...
Taleeha Roheen1, Shagufta Kamal1*, Shazia Anwer Bukhari1, Ghulam Mustafa1 and Saima Rehman2
...the other three isolated strains of Sphingomonas sp. (MG-2, MG-1 and MT-2). The strain designated as MT-1 was found to be rod-shaped with μmax 0.065±0.25 h-1 and 13.59±0.25 UmL-1 sMMO. The optimum pH and temperature for the growth of MT-1 and production of sMMO were 6.3 and 37 °C, respectively. The concentration of MG-1 and MT-1 was significantly higher in the soil of Faisalabad region (FSD) as compared to MG-2 and MT-2 in soil of Sargodha...
ISHRAT FATIMA1, MOAZZAM JAMIL1, AZHAR HUSSAIN1*, MUHAMMAD ZAHID MUMTAZ2, MUHAMMAD LUQMAN1, SAJID HUSSAIN3, SAIF UR REHMAN KASHIF4 & MAQSHOOF AHMAD1
...ss of five promising ZSB strains on the productivity of okra. The experiment was conducted using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Data regarding physiological, growth, and yield parameters were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that inoculation of ZSB strains significantly increased these attributes of okra. Inoculation of strain Bacillus sp. ZM20 followed by Bacillus aryabhattai ...
TAHIR IQBAL1, 2, UMER RASHID1* & MUHAMMAD IDREES3, 4
...chickens. Like other HEV strains, it is single-stranded positive sense RNA virus belonging to Hepeviridae. In the present study we report partial structural homology of ORF3 encoded protein (ORF3P) of Pakistani novel aHEV (Pak naHEV) strain with a kinase 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophos-phokinase (HPPK) which participates in folate biosynthesis in bacteria. This finding is in agreement with the role of ORF3P as multifunctional protein...
SYED MUJTABA HAIDER1, KHIZAR HAYAT BHATTI1*, EJAZ HUSSAIN SIDDIQI1, SYED MAZHAR IRFAN1,`2, & ALLAH BAKHSH GULSHAN2
...L. against six bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Shigella sonnei; Escherichia coli (1) (4C11); Escherichia coli (2) (ATCC 13048) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae). Agar well diffusion method was applied to assess the antibacterial activity of these extracts. Their antibacterial activities were associated with typical chemical like gentamicine (antibiotic) as positive control. This study revealed that S. pyogenes, S. aureus and N. gonor...
SEHRISH MUSHTAQ1, MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ1, MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*1 FAIZA KHAN1, SOHAIB AFZAAL1, UMMAD HUSSAIN1, MUBASSHIR HUSSAIN1, RASHID MUKHTAR BALAL2 & MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER1
...crops. A total of twelve strains were identified based on morphological and biochemical tests following Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. The antagonistic potential of bacterial endophytes to A. solani was explored using the agar absorption method. This study showed the antifungal potential of Pantoea sp. (35.66%), Ensifer adhaerens (35.33%), Citrobacter diversus (33.03%), and Azotobacter nigricans (31.56%) to check the growth of pathogenic fun...
SIDRA MOQADDES*¹, RABIA ZULFIQAR1, MAWRA GOHAR1 & HINA QAISER1
... determine the bacterial strains involved in infectious cases and relationship with age, gender and social status of patients was determined. Results of the study revealed that 61% of samples were positive for Escherichia coli, other contributing pathogens were Staphylococcus spp. (24%), Klebsiella spp. (9%), Proteus spp.(4%) and others (2%). Out of 85 samples (march-june 2015), 48(56%) were from females and 37(44%) from males. Samples were categorized into fi...
HANNANA MARYAM, SANA MAQSOOD & SIKANDER ALI*
...gainst various indicator strains including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Azotobacter sp. It was concluded that Brevibacillus sp. possesses strong potential for laterosporulin biosynthesis. Further manipulation of physical and nutritional parameters improved its biosynthesis in liquid culture....
Uqba Mehmood
...analysis of Spo mutants (strains which lack Sporulation (Spo) gene or have its inactive form) revealed that many of these strains did not produce extracellular proteases. Some evidence for the involvement of serine proteases in sporulation has been provided by inhibitor studies. Nevertheless variation in germination response of germination defective strains with different nutrients was rec...
SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL2 & MUNAZZA AJAZ3
...e (PDR/EDR) in microbial strains has been a continuous phenomenon in nosocomial and miscellaneous infections. The load of these bugs has inflated over worldwide. Microbes evolve such phenomena involving mutational processes, hyper performance of pumping out systems, synthesis of secretory saccharides, bioaccumulation and directed flagella based shifting resulting out of hypo-doses of drug stimulation. Further, the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae member
MUHAMMAD MANSHA*1, QAMAR ALI1, UROOJ FATIMA DILAWARI1, ABRAR HUSSAIN1 & MUHAMMAD TARIQ1
...ected bacteria and fungi strains and are expected to be effective in other bioscreening studies....
Kalaiselvi Natarajan1, Karal Marx Karuppiah1, Sheena K Baby1, Sakthivel Mohammed2, Shanmugam Seerappalli Aran1 and Suresh Eswaran1*
...cies, which has numerous strains. Even though culture of Koi carp is practiced at many tropical countries, there is a very little information on the seed production and embryonic development of the species especially in RAS. The present study was aimed to study the breeding, embryonic and larval development of Koi carp in RAS system. The matured brooders were administered with three synthetic hormone ovaprim, ovatide and WOVA -FH at 0.7 ml per kg of body weigh...
Philip O. Akporhuarho1, Ufuoma Godstime Sorhue1*, Adimabua Mike Moemeka2, Onyinye Stella Onwumere-Idolor3, Jonathan Ujomu1, Emmanuel Abadah1, Jennfer Aaron1
...ty-four day-old Aboracre strains of broilers were randomly allotted into four dietary treatments. Treatments one (control) had no ACSM in the diet but was given routine antibiotics medication for broilers. Treatments two (T2), three (T3), and four (T4) had ACSM at 1%, 1.5%, and 2% inclusion levels. The experimental diet was fed for 8weeks; Daily feed intake and weekly body weight were collected, panelist were trained for sensory evaluation of meat, while splee...
Abdel Satar Arafa
...ratory tropism with some strains also show gastrointestinal tropism. The ideal mechanism of transmission among birds varies by host species and virus strain. The respiratory and contact transmission are likely the primary routes of transmission and may partly arise initially as an adaptation to poultry which clearly has implication for zoonotic transmission. Inactivated vaccines are the most common vaccines used to control H9N2 viruses, however they have a wid...
Aspen Abutalip*, Batyrbek Aitzhanov, Assiya Mussayeva, Vladislava Suchshikh, Natalya Yegorova
...stic system with vaccine strains of the causative agent of emphysematous carbuncle used for active immunisation of animals in Kazakhstan and field experiments with biological material from sick and deceased animals, results were obtained that indicate that the developed test system can be used to diagnose animal diseases. Testing the system on vaccine strains showed a highly specific immunological reaction of the test drug t...
Amir Afzal1*, Sairah Syed1, Hafiz Husnain Nawaz2, Ruqeah Mustafa1, Marjan Aziz1, Madeeha Khan1, Azra Khan3, Uzma Javed1, Attiq Ur Rehman4, Rubab Altaf 5 and Qamar Shakil6
...e rapid evolution of new strains. The evolution of new races is primarily driven by the selection pressure imposed by the deployment of resistance genes in wheat cultivars. Work documented by prominent researchers conducted in diverse regions of the planet has been reviewed in this article to understand how disease perpetuates from one year to next year. Recent studies have shown that Pst populations can undergo rapid adaptation to changing environmental condi...
Lipigwe Lauya1*, Peace Nkiruka Okeke2, Nanma Tongnan Cosmas1 and Chukwudi Chizorom Ibeh1
... and resurgence of super-strains, cross-reactivity of HIV types that interfere with accurate reporting of HIV-2 cases, and suboptimal/neglected treatment and care (S/NTC) for HIV-2 individuals. Additionally, gaps in surveillance infrastructure, health inequality in classifying HIV burdens based on HIV type, and deprived HIV-2 research and policy enforcement could create obscurity in HIV-2 data. Considering the existing circumstances, this article highlights th...
Modelling of female Pupal body weight and fecundity of the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori l) strains
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Hakim Shah
...the nine reared silkworm strains, the mean heaviest pupa was 1.52±0.01 g of hybrid PFI 14, while the mean lightest pupa was 1.24±0.03 g of hybrid 206MKD*C-102. The mean highest fecundity was 458.1±16.9 eggs/female laid by hybrid PFI 14, while the mean lowest fecundity was 387.6±9.74 eggs/female laid by inbred 206MKD. A positive significant (p<0.05) to highly significant (p<0.01) correlation was found between the female pupal body weight and fecundi...
Wali-ur-Rahman, Muhammad Khan and Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
... mortality of 6 silkworm strains of Bombyx mori L. Silkworm strains fed on the PFI-1 mulberry variety showed an increment of 9.91% and 0.936% in larval and cocoon shell weight and 3.681 and 3.0 in percent shell ratio and good cocoons and a decrease of 9.4 and 7.6 in percent larval and pupal mortality than those fed on Kanmasi mulberry variety.
The PFI-1mulberry variety, being better in all performances, is re...
Ghazala Yasmeen
... effect of two rhizobial strains (i)Thal 8 and (ii)TAL 620,on three varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) differ in nodulation capacity viz ICC 4948 High nodulating (HN), ICC 4948 Low nodulating (LN), ICC 4948 Non-nodulating (NN) . Seeds were inoculated with peat, as a carrier based inocula of rhizobial strains and sown in earthen pots during the mid November, under natural conditions. Data on growth and yield param...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
...ture....
Wali-ur-Rahman and Muhammad Khan
...fertility of eggs of two strains of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Out of 6 mating durations from 1 to 6 hours, 5 hours duration was found for the maximum fecundity and 1 hour duration for the maximum fertility of eggs of Chinese and Japanese silkworm strains. Since mating durations from 1 to 6 hours are statistically non-significant therefore, 1 hour mating duration can be used for the maximum fecundity and the maximum fer...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...of Bombyx mori L. strains (J-99, J-101, 205-MKD, 206-MKD, 206-PO, 207-PO and 208-PO) during spring and autumn seasons. Eight quantitative traits viz., total food ingestion (Tl), Total food digestion (TD), cocoon weight, shell weight, efficiency of conversion of ingested food into cocoon (ECIC) & shell (ECIS), efficiency of conversion of digested food into cocoon (ECDC) & shell (ECDS) were measured. Rearing was carried out at 24±1°C and 75±...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...lated for seven silkworm strains (J-99, J-101, 205-MKD, 206-MKD, 206-PO, 207-PO, 208-PO) during Spring (26±1°C, 75±5% RH) and Autumn (30±2, 80±1% RH) rearing seasons. The results revealed a significant difference among the silkworm strains for ingestibility, ECI, ECD, AD and LBWG During spring season maximum and minimum ingestibility, ECI, ECD and AD were 69 08% (J-101, 5th instar), 34.93% (205-MKD, 5...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...orm (Bombyx mori) strains The results revealed that different mulberry cultivation forms significantly influenced silkworm growth and cocoon characters Maximum (3 11g) per larva body weight gain, absolute body weight (3 06g) increment, daily body weight (0 23g) increment and growth rate (34 78%) was recorded on low cut while minimum body weight (1 86g) gain, absolute body weight (1 81g) increment, daily body weight (0 15g) increment, and growth rate (30...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...xotic bivoltine silkworm strains, four of Japanese origin (J-99, J-101, 205-MKD, 206-MKD), and four Chinese (C-102, 206-PO, 207-PO, 208-PO) were screened for their relative resistance against bacterial flacherie. In addition, effect of high temperature and relative humidity (rH) on the resistance of silkworm strains was also studies. The results revealed that at 25+1oC and 72+2% rH, overall mortality was significa...
G. A. Bajwa and M. N. Ashiq
...erie than flacherie....
Mohammad Arif Chaudhry and Ashraf Hassan Chaudhry
...its previously reported
strains in morphological and physiological
characteristics. The isolate produced reddish brown to
whitish brown pigmentation on solid medium. Though Qmod
medium proved to be the best for isolation but it showed
maximum growth on P+N and tween-80 media, in 28 days. In
the absence of combined nitrogen, the strain CN5 fixed
nitrogen showing acetylene reduction assay (ARA) and
was found highly sensitive to higher concentration of
N...
*Nasir M. But, **Noor Mohammad, *Sartaj and *M. I. Sultani
...Pakistan. All the
grass strains were replicated thrice in the plots of 3x4
m size. The grass were harvested at ground level at the
end of the growing season during the last week of
October,1983 and 1984. The harvested material was sun
dried to determine the dry grow Cenchrus ciliaris years
results it is recommended to grow Cenchrus ciliaris (RM
269), Pnicum antidotale (RM269), and Pennisetum purpureum
(A146) in the rangeland...
Mian Mohammad Muslim
...ratory, Lahore. The pure strains of Japanese, Chinese and European races separating as a result of their segregation, were picked up on the basis of their respective racial characteristics. The pure lines of Japanese, Chinese and European races, so obtained, were given the following names....
Shakeel Haider Zaidi and Anwar Ahmad Khan
... were conducted on three strains of Curcuma domestica to judge their comparative yield potential under Peshawar climatic conditions. Results revealed that two years rotated crop would give more yield and net income to the farmer as compared to
cumulative yield and net income obtained from crops harvested every year. Haripur and Changa Manga strains are equally high yielding and appear to be suitable for cultivation i...
Hanan Yousif Jasim1*, Rasha Munther Othman2, Wasan Moaed Shaker3
...A gene in Staphylococcus strains.
Keywords | Staphylococcus sp., mecA gene, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA
...
Pavana Jyothi Vanjavaka1, Mouradam Veerasami2, Mohana Subramanian Bhaskaran2*, Vijay A.K.B. Gundi1*
...ate globally with random strains. This particular study aimed to determine the genetic changes in the VP2 gene, which are responsible for creating different antigenic variants, and to understand their impact on pathogenicity. In contrast, molecular characterization has become an essential tool in comprehending the evolution of viruses. For studying the molecular level changes, 28 field isolates were collected from various regions in India and subjected to PCR ...
Javairia Mehboob1, Syeda Hafsa Ali1*, Fahima Ashraf Kasi1, Syeda Ayesha Ali2, Safa
Farooqi3, Muneeza Arbab4,
...ic
bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) and Plant pathogenic fungal
strains (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger). Our results confirmed the formation of
AgNPs with size <100 nm. Antibacterial activity of lavender mediated AgNP was highly
significant, followed by artichoke mediated AgNP and Alkanet AgNP. However, in contrast,
Artic...
Zara Naeem1, Khajista Jabeen1*, Muhammad Khalid Saeed2, Sumera Iqbal1
...of all the tested fungal strains. Maximum growth inhibition (84%) was observed in 2% of the concentration of the extract against Cladosporium cladosporoides. On the other hand, the minimum reduction was observed in 4% of concentration of methanolic extract of S. halepense against T. viride as compared to control. The phytochemical analysis was also conducted to check which chemical entities are present in the extract that accounted for the antifungal potency o...
Zhenyu Chang1,3, Qingqing Xiao1,2, Yourong Ye1,2, Mujahid Iqbal4, Mengqi Duan1,2, Yangzom Chamba1,2* and Peng Shang1,2*
...ig probiotics. Seventeen strains of Lactobacillus isolated from Tibetan pig manure were identified by physiology, biochemistry, 16S rRNA molecular biology and acid and bile salt tolerance tests. The results showed that, screened strain is Lactobacillus Roy’s F1. Tibetan pig source Roy’s Lactobacillus F1 showed the ability to grow maximum when the inoculation was 1%, the temperature 37 ℃ and pH = 7. This strain depicted a strong tolerance for arti...
Walid Elmonir1*, Dalia Abdeltawab1, Hanem El-Sharkawy2 and Rasha N. Zahran3
...ds (59.4%) of Salmonella strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 12 isolates (37.5%) were MDR. The study highlighted the wide-spread of MDR Salmonella in egg production systems in study region. Extended surveillance and veterinary monitoring of antibiotics use in this sector are mandatory for public safety....
Noor Rahmawati*, Dea Indriani Astuti and Pingkan Aditiwati
...lecular analysis. Thirty strains of endophytic fungus were taken from twigs and leaves. Based on the early TLC examination, a number of endophytic fungus showed the presence of compounds with antioxidant function. Endophytic fungi crude extracts have been shown to be able to inhibit DPPH radicals by up to 86 percent by A26 and A19 and by 80 percent by B3 in spectrophotometric studies on cultures with antioxidant activity. This is the first report on endophytic...
Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza
...s of Lahore. A total 248 strains of microscopic fungi were cultured by using serial dilution method and plate assay method. Pure cultures of these strains were further inoculated on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) plates supplemented with indicator compounds guaiacol or tannic acid to check the laccase producing ability. Among 08 isolated strains belonging to Aspergillus species of microscopic ...
Ying Zhong1,3,4, Jingni Chen1, Chunping Huang1, Huaiyuan Jin1, Jinlu Huang1, Lining Zhao1, Yi Geng3, Guiping Wang1,4 and Xueqiao Qian1,2*
...mei. We identified seven strains of pathogenic bacteria from ponds with outbreaks of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis at a L. vannamei farm in Zhuhai, China. Among the seven bacteria strains, one strain was isolated from aquaculture water, two strains were isolated from hepatopancreas, and the other four strains were isolated from juvenile shrimp. The res...
Abdul Majeed Saim1, Arshad Javid1, Misbah Sarwar2, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman3 and Ali Hussain4*
... E. coli and S. enterica strains were 100% and 99% identical, respectively, to previously isolated E. coli and S. enterica strains. Overall prevalence of E. coli and S. enterica was recorded as 16.55% and 2.7% respectively. Captive pigeons exhibited maximum 19.1% and 3.3% occurrence of blaTEM of E. coli and S. enterica respectively, 18.3% and 2.5% of sul3 respectively in peafowls, and 23.3% and 3.3% of qnrA respectively in c...
Faiza Ghazanfar1, Masood Rabbani1*, Aamir Ghafoor2 and Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq3
...le drugs resistant (MDR) strains of thermophilic C. jejuni from broiler chickens. A total of 375 cloacal swab samples were collected by systematic sampling method of commercial broiler farms in and around Lahore and examined for the presence of thermophilic C. jejuni. Their prevalence was found to be 53% (200/375). Confirmation was done by biochemical and molecular (Polymerase chain reaction) testing methods. Phylogenetic tree analysis was also performed for g...
Tran Ngoc Bich1*, Vo Tuan Khai Huyen2, Nguyen Tran Phuoc Chien1, Dang Thi Tham1, Nguyen Vinh Trung1, Truong Van Hieu3, Thai Quoc Hieu4, Huynh Truong Giang1, Le Quang Trung1
...e analysed, and the LSDV strains were genetically characterised. Out of 1,278 animals clinically examined across 180 farms, 80 tested positive via PCR, resulting in a morbidity rate of 6.26% and a herd prevalence of 37.22%. The morbidity rates in the 19 districts surveyed ranged from 1.45% to 17.95%. Risk factor analysis revealed that unvaccinated animals had the highest incidence rate at 17.94% (P<0.05), with an OR of 5.52 (95%CI: 3.62–8.44). Additio...
Sultan Çobanoğlu1, Waheed Anwar2*, Muhammad Asim Javed2 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan3
...ult female of T. urticae strains (red and green) using leaf-disc bioassay method. Their corrected mortalities were also calculated using Abbot formula. Results indicated that the concentration 4×108 conidia/ml of Trichoderma longibrachiatum caused the highest mortality of red (86.97%) and green (88.63%) strains of T. urticae. Beauveria bassiana, V. lecanii and M. anisopliae have also caused significant mortality rangin...
Nahed Yehia1*, Rania I. Mohamed2
...c study of nine selected strains, they belong to G1/97-B like Eurasian sub-lineages (EGY-2 group) that had circulated in Egypt since 2014 and they were clustered with the 2021-2022 strains in the Egy-2b subgroup. Compared with Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97, the strains in this research had a specific characteristic mutation at L87I in A-chicken-Egypt-RN1-2022 and A-chicken- Egypt-RN9-2022, D405N i...
Mona F. Shousha1*, Aml M. Ragab2 and Salwa M. Helmy1
...ging multidrug-resistant strains. As a result, this study determined the patterns of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella spp., which was isolated from sick broilers from different farms in Egypt. Then, we investigated the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Salmonella isolates. First, 800 internal organs (heart, liver, intestine, and yolk sac) were collected from 200 infected broilers to genetically ...
Nguyen Khanh Thuan1*, Bui Thi Le Minh1, Ngo Van Thong1,2, Nguyen Ho Thanh Tuyen1, Nguyen Lam Truong1, Pham Minh Thien1
...cated that those E. coli strains isolated from pigs’ feces were significantly resistant to ampicillin (61.30%, 81.81%), followed by streptomycin (54.84%, 63.64%). However, those E. coli strains were still sensitive to some of the antibiotics, especially ofloxacin (100%). A total of 71.43% of E. coli strains depicted resistance against multiple antibiotics, and the resistant pattern o...
Hamayun Arshad1, Muhammad Waris2,3 and Qurratulann Afza Gardner1*
...ayer) protein in various strains of Lysinibacillus sphaericus is reported to exhibit bioinsecticidal property. Here, we aimed to search for local strain of L. sphaericus and test its S-layer protein for toxicity against Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi larvae. For this purpose, we isolated various bacterial strains from our local environment using standard microbiological techniques. Among those isolates, we fo...
Thaer W. Enad*, Khalefa A. Mansour
...solates and the Egyptian strains, suggesting a possible transmission route. This study outlines an increased risk of disease from SAT2 form and significant biosecurity challenges to Iraqi livestock, indicating requirements for focused at-risk surveillance and control efforts.
Keywords | Buffaloes, Epidemiological semi nested RT-PCR, SAT2, Foot-and-Mouth disease, Molecular
...
Yasser Asaad Hameed Al-Shareef, Firas Hussain Kadim Abawi*
...hes identified velogenic strains of NDV in poultry which breach the immunity induced by the currently applied vaccines, warranting future monitoring to better device control strategies in poultry. ...
Karar Ali Abdulkhuder* and Abdul Kareem Salman Alyassari
...of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from eye infections. For this purpose, a total of 20 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from eye infection samples and then were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using standard methods. Additionally, a subset of isolates demonstrating high resistance was selected for molecular analysis to detect the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, including mecA, ermA, and ermB. The antibiotic susceptib...
Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Ahmed Eid1, Marwa E. Abo Hashem1*
...imicrobial resistance of strains and stn gene sequencing in S. Typhimurium of poultry (STP), S. Enteritidis of poultry (SEP) and S. Typhimurium of human (STH) were accomplished. Salmonella prevalence was 4% for both chicken (12/300) and human samples (2/50). Chicken isolates serotyped as S. Typhimurium (50%) and S. Enteritidis (50%). Human isolates typed as S. Typhimurium (100%, 2/2). All serovars were resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin (100%). Multidru...
Sehar Aslam1, Muhammad Qasim1*, Mohsin Khurshid2*, Usman Ali Ashfaq1 and Muhammad Akhtar Ali3
...terizing novel probiotic strains from dairy sources, specifically Dahi. To evaluate the probiotic potential of these isolates, various biochemical, morphological, and physiological tests were performed, followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to genotype the isolates. The tolerance of the isolates to pH, temperature, and bile salt, as well as their antimicrobial and adhesion ability, was evaluated. The results showed that the identified novel probiotic
Javeria1,2*, Mudasser Habib1,2 and Muhammad Salahuddin Shah1,2
...elationships of the PPRV strains circulating in some districts of Punjab, Pakistan after detecting by PCR. Samples showing definite clinical signs, were collected from reported disease outbreaks and subjected to RT-PCR based on detecting the nucleoprotein (N) gene of the virus which showed 63% positivity rate in the collected samples. It has been shown, based on phylogenetic analysis, that the circulating strains were relate...
