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Xingdong Yang and Lijuan Yuan

...tors, and intestinal and environmental microbes. Due to the similarities between pigs and humans in terms of genetics, physiology, intestinal anatomy, and immune system, pig is particularly a suitable animal species for the modeling of human enteric pathogen infections, immune responses and for vaccine evaluations. These are the basis for the successful establishment of the infection and disease models for human rotavirus, human norovirus and human enterovirus...

Josef D. Jarhult1, 2

...reated humans and in the environment. The use of oseltamivir for treatment of uncomplicated influenza in otherwise healthy patients should be questioned.

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Rabnawaz1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Tahir Sarwar2, Mohammad Jamal Khan3

...ources in semi-arid environment. A field study was conducted during Rabi 2010-11 and Kharif 2011 crop seasons to compare the CWP of main crops (wheat, sugarcane, maize and tomato) under public and civil canal irrigation systems in Peshawar Valley. For this purpose, 18 farms were selected under public canal system and 13 under civil canal systems. Results revealed that average CWP of wheat, maize, sugarcane and tomato was 0.96, 1.11, 3....

Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro*, Habib-Ur-Rehman Memon, Muhammad Ali Ansari, Ahmed Naqi Shah

...tracts for effective and environment friendly weed management and enhancing cotton yield.

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Luca Vitale

...t, to cope with limiting environmental conditions by means of different mechanisms that contribute to their adaptive success in different habitats.

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 Shubhada K Chothe, Bhushan M Jayarao and Suresh V Kuchipudi

... escape the anti-protein environment in the virus infected cells and are likely to be conserved across the species. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about the role of lncRNAs in influenza virus infection and the exciting prospect of exploiting lncRNAs as targets to develop novel anti-viral therapies.

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Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Hidayat-ur-Rahman2, Sheraz Ahmed2* and Fakharuddin2

... analysis and individual environments. Heterosis over better parent was determined for all traits across environments. Heterobeltiosis estimates reflected both positive and negative values, suggesting additive as well as non-additive gene actions in the expression of traits. Performance of hybrids was environment-specific. However, heterobeltiosis estimates ranged between -7.9 and 25.90 fo...

Ahmed Zein Mahmoud1, Muaz Abdellatif 2, 3*, Luai Shazali1

...he antibodies detection, environment appeared to be a significant factor on the level of antibodies in the tested small ruminants population. Taken together, results indicate the seropositivity of PPRV in the region and warrant future large-scale surveillance studies to better assess the situation of the disease in the region.

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Ali Tahmasebi1, Parvin Raji1*, Mostafa Kamali2

...en under altered sensory environment. Out of 30 participants in the study, 15 children were with spastic diplegic CP with mean age and body mass index of 7 ± 1.3 years and 14.70 ± 1.73 kg/m2 respectively and 15 normal children with mean age and body mass index of 7.2 ± 1 years and 14.83 ± 1.57 kg/m2. Children were instructed to stand with bare feet for 60 seconds on a 5-cm-thick piece of foam which was placed on a Kistler force plat...

 Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro, Qamaruddin Jogi, Mahmooda Buriro, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari and Ali Nawaz Khaskheli

 

...t to be an effective and environment-friendly approach for weed management. A pot experiment to evaluate the allelopathic potential of leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (L.) against Convolvulus arvensis (L.) and Cyperus rotundus (L.) was undertaken during summer 2011. The study was conducted at Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out in three replicated completely randomized design. The treatments ...

Hina Fatima, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Mahreen Zaid-Ullah, Abdul-Jabbar, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai

...ut considering the local environmental conditions of Pakistan. Thus the main objective of the research was on the comparative efficiency and the productivity analysis of BT- Cotton varieties with those of the conventional non-BT-Cotton varieties. The population  of  this research covers the area of Rahim Yar Khan of Pakistan. Two hundred and fifteen farms were selected from each of the NonBT-cotton farms and BT-cotton farms. The Cobb- Douglas Stochas...

Muhammad Khurshid, Muhammad Nafees, Inam-ur-Rahim and Wajid Rashid

...fe to socio-economic and environmentally vulnerability in upland areas.

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Wan-Long Zhu* and Gao Wenrong 

...asonal variations of the environment, such as changes in body mass and energy metabolism, are important adaptive strategies for small mammals. Ambient cues, as temperature and photoperiod, play important roles in animals’ physiological adjustments. In order to determine the contributions of temperature and photoperiod to seasonal changes in body mass and thermogenesis in Apodemus chevrieri, we examined seasonal-acclimatized and lab-acclimated...

Muhammad Aslam

..., irrigation management, environmental, technological, institutional and socio-economic constraints. Future prospects include upscaling of modern technology, enhanced seed production, improved inputs availability and use, improved irrigation, improved agriculture-education-training-research- extension-nexus, reclamation of salinized lands, improved agricultural credit and support price policies. Recommendations include improving agricultural research and exten...

Shagufta Jabeen1, Muhammad Saqlain Raja1, Sadia Saeed1, Muhammad Mobeen Zafar1, Rizwana Abdul Ghani1, Abid Mahmood1, Muhammad Fiaz2, Pakeeza Arzoo Shiaq1, Shahid Mahmood Baig3, S.M. Saqlan Naqvi1 and Ghazala Kaukab Raja1

...n under the influence of environmental risk factors.

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Sadiq Hussain, Muhammad Sharif, Sarmad Khan, Fazli Wahid, Hina Nihar, Wiqar Ahmad, Imran Khan, Nadeem Haider and Tabassum Yaseen

...nder prevailing soil and environmental conditions.

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Atul Sharma, Aruna Chandra Singh, Gautam Bacher, Sunil Bhand

...cts on the human health, environment and agriculture. The occurrence of bacterial “suprainfection” with tolerance to antibiotics has attracted the significant attention, mainly due to the consequences of multi drug resistance and potential threat to human health and the environment. With the increasing incidences of antimicrobial contamination, especially in food, dairy products, agriculture and

Muhammad Imran*, Munir Ahmad, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Farooq Nasir, Imran Bodlah, Muhammad Nasir and Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh

...biotic affect of rearing environment suggests polycarbonate boxes the most suitable on all three developmental stages of bumblebees for efficient commercial mass rearing.

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Ayanda Opeyemi Isaac,1,* Oniye Sonnie Joshua2 and Auta Jehu2

 

...ndicators of toxicity in environmental impact assessment programmes.

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John Gachohi, Simon Karanja, Salome Wanyoike, Nduhiu Gitahi, Salome Bukachi, Kenneth Ngure

...o-referencing of adverse environmental attributes that support Leptospira growth, (ii) animal and human seasonal public health burden of Leptospirosis, (iii) seasonal variation in the distribution of Leptospira determinants in a slum setting, and (iv) a simulation model based on an ecological metapopulation framework to track Leptospira bacterial population dynamics in biotic and abiotic habitats in a slum setting. This is the first study in Kenya to describe ...

Muhammad Sohail1,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Naureen Aziz Qureshi2 and Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry3

...tinel species in aquatic environment. Freshwater mussels were exposed to none (0µg L-1), low (120 µg L-1), medium (240 µg L-1) and high (360 µg L-1) levels of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) alone and in combinations (Pb + Cr + Cu) for 15 days under laboratory conditions. Gill cells of mussels were used to determine the DNA damage by comet assay. The tail DNA (%), comet tail length and olive tail moment (OTM) were the parameter...

Rashid Ahmed Khan* and Muhammed Naveed

... insecticide resistance, environmental pollution, fruit contamination and health hazards. The major goal of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bio-insecticide, emamectin benzoate with other conventionally used insecticides against B. zonata. The results revealed the high toxicity of emamectin benzoate with LC50 value of 38.25 followed by trichlorfon, λ-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid with LC50 values of 44.21, 58.98 and 187.81 ppm, af...

Wang Tian1, Huayong Zhang1,*, Jian Zhang2, Lei Zhao1, Mingsheng Miao3 and Hai Huang1

... relationships with both environmental factors and phytoplankton biomass are investigated in Lake Nansihu. A total of 76 zooplankton species were identified in the lake, including 17 protozoa, 36 rotifera, 12 cladocera and 11 copepods species, respectively. Zooplankton species richness changed slightly in the four seasons but varied a lot in different positions. Protozoa was absolutely dominated in zooplankton abundance and its mean value ranged from 2710.2 in...

Muhammad Saeed* and Iftikhar Hussain Khalil

..., Pakistan under rainfed environment, using RCB design with 3 replications. General combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and narrow sense heritability for maturity and yield components traits were determined. The main objective of the research was identification and proper selection of best performing wheat parental genotypes and best F1 crosses, based on GCA and SCA estimates. Significant differences were observed among the wheat genotype...

Fida Mohammad, O.S. Abdalla, Sheraz Ahmed, Fakharuddin and S. Rajaram

...ing biomass. Genotype by environment interactions (GEI) were significant for all the characters except for thousand kernel weight. The influences of yield components on grain yield were explained by the cluster analysis of environments. Clustering of five test environments based on Shifted Multiplicative Model (SHMM) exposed the major role of grains spike-1 and harvest index in production ...
S. Bushra1,*, M. Tariq1, M. Naeem1, M. Ashfaq1, I. Bodlah1 and M. Ali2
... natural enemies and our environment.
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Lingtong Ye1, Chao Cao1,2, Bin Tang1,2, Tuo Yao1, Ruixuan Wang1 and Jiangyong Wang1*
... larvae from the aquatic environment through the known COI sequences of adults.
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Atta ur Rehman Khan1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi2, Tariq Mukhtar1, Sajid Aleem Khan2 and Waqas Ashraf3
...ous to health and causes environmental pollution by contaminating underground water. The bio-protectant potential of mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus mosseae) and neemex® (Azadirachtin) against invasion and development of Meloidogyne incognita was tested in eggplant roots in greenhouse pot trials. Neemex (5 g, 10 g and 15 g) and G. mosseae (100 g, 150 g and 200 g) were applied as protective treatment. The roots of eggplant were inoculated wi...
Yang Wang1, Zhide Cheng2, Mengjie Tang3, Haixia Zhou1, Xiaolu Yuan4,Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Shuting Mao1 and Jing Wang1,*
...ility to hypoxic plateau environment. We found that the sperm-specific lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-C4) gene Ldh-c is expressed in plateau pika skeletal muscles. In order to shed light on the effect of LDH-C4 on the anaerobic glycolysis in plateau pika skeletal muscle, 20 pikas were randomly divided into two groups the inhibitor group (experimental) and the control group, reach of 10 pikas. The pikas of experimental group were inject...
Jun Cui, Xiaoxu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Derong Kong, Xuemei Qiu, Hongdi Wang and Xiuli Wang*
...n high water temperature environment of crucian carp.
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 Sheraz Ahmed and Fida Mohammad

...o flowering was the most environment responsive trait and its heritability fluctuated between 0.22 and 0.91. Plant height was significantly associated with yield at phenotypic level only. Yield exhibited significantly negative phenotypic correlation with days to flowering. Similarly, yield was positively correlated with leaves per plant, green leaves weight per plot, cured leaves weight per plot and grade index at both phenotypic and genotypic level. Based on ...

Idowu Fagbamila1*, Adaobi Okeke2, Micheal Dashen2, Patricia Lar2, Sati Ngulukun1, Benshak Audu1, David Ehizibolo1, Paul Ankeli1, Pam Luka1, Maryam Muhammad1

...nditions of the carcass, environment and themselves. Data collected could be valuable for instituting effective intervention strategies for Salmonella control in Nigeria with the aim of reducing Salmonella spread from poultry to humans.

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Memoona Akber1, Muhammad Mushtaq1,*, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1, Amjad Rashid Kayani1 and Noor-un-Nisa2 
...year around in the urban environment of Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
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Abdul Aziz Khan1,*, Shahid Munir2 and Irfan Ahmed2
...r populations in diverse environments.
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Jun Gao1,2, Liang-Liang Yue3, Xianhuan Jiang1, Liju Ni4, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Yuxun Zhou,1 Kai Li1,* and Junhua Xiao1,*
...to the habitats loss and environmental degradation.
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Xiang Nong1,2,3,*, Yao-jun Yang1,2, Guang-you Yang3, Feng-zheng Chen2, Mei Tang1,2 and Gang Wang2
...t can be released to the environment. The toxicity test of stigmasterol against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro showed that stigmasterol was toxic under 0.5% concentration. Treatment under this condition also showed mite mortality of 16.67% within 12 h and 23.33% within 24 h. The insecticidal activity of stigmasterol was weaker than that of ageraphorone compound obtained from E. adenophorum Spreng. Through preliminary separation....
Muhammad Tahirand Memoona Shehzadi*
...using the economical and environment friendly techniques. Present study was proposed to evaluate theresponse of spring and autumn sunflower to chemical and bio-fertilizers for yield and quality traits during 2014 at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The treatments comprised on the combination of chemical fertilizers (No chemical fertilizer, half recommended dose of fertilizer and full recommended dose of chemical fertilizer) and Plant Growth Pro...

Muhammad Khurshid1,2*, Muhammad Nafees1, Mehmet Somuncu2

... and shaped an uncertain environment that is not suitable for both landless nomadic pastoralism and ecological sustainability. This study reflects that how this agriculture encroachment may have contributed to the pastoral resources degradation and subsequent landless pastoralist’s marginalization in uplands of Naran. Extensive field surveys carried out during last three years (2013-2016) to understand crops encroachment process and its implications for ...

B. Ramanujam, R. D. Prasad, S. Sriram and R. Rangeswaran

Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management
...oderma do not affect the environment, human beings and other living organisms adversely and to prevent the sale of poor quality products to the farmers, the Central Insecticide Board of Government of India has made registration of microbial pesticides mandatory before commercial production/import/sale. Guidelines and data requirements for registration of microbial pesticides have been provided in the annexure of Insecticide Act. Quality control parameters set ...

K.N. Ahmed and M.R. Hasan

Sudden outbreak of mealy bug and armoured scale causing severe damage to economic crops in Bangladesh
...s depending on different environmental conditions. The females develop parthenogenetically. It is a sucking pest and mainly feeds on citrus. Its secondary hosts include fig, apple, almond, guava etc. Due to severe infestation, premature falling of leaves occurs. The ber or plum scale, Aonidia ziziphi Rah. was recorded from Rajshahi, Bangladesh as a serious pest of ber or plum plant damaging the leaves and immature fruits during December-January, 2007. The fema...

Madhuban Gopal, Rajesh Kumar and Arunava Goswami 

Nano-pesticides - A recent approach for pest control
...cides has led to several environmental problems such as resistance and environment pollution. Nanotechnology visualized as a rapidly evolving field has potential to revolutionize agriculture and food systems. We utilized nano-technological interventions for developing nanopesticides with potent fungicidal and miticidal properties. Nanosulphur and nanohexaconazole were prepared using encapsulation technique. The Dynamic Light...

D. C. Khatua, B. Mondal and G. Saha

Bioassay of some agricultural chemicals, human drugs and disinfectants on Phytophthora melonis Katsura causing fruit and vine rot of pointed gourd
...pointed gourd in aqueous environment. Antifungal antibiotics viz. validamycin, kasugamycin, griseofulvin, fluconazole and ketoconazole did not have any pronounced effect on mycelial growth, sporangia formation and its germination. None of the eight antibiotics used in this study prevented mycelial growth. No sporangia formation was recorded in five antibiotics viz. streptomycin sulphate + tetracycline hydrchloride, streptomycin sulphate, oxytetracycline hydroc...

D.K. Hazra, Megha Pant, S.K. Raza and P. K. Patanjali

 

Formulation technology: key parameters for food safety with respect to agrochemicals use in crop protection
...d commodities along with environmental pollution. Conventional formulations, because of their characteristics i.e. dustiness and use of volatile organic solvents in their preparation maximize several problems like health haz-ards and environmental pollution etc. With the increasing awareness of toxic effects of conventional formulations, there is a significant trend towards switching over from such pesticide formulations usi...

Anjan Bhattacharyya, Suhrid Ranjan Barik & Pritam Ganguly

New pesticide molecules, formulation technology and uses: Present status and future challenges
...uction and protection of environment since long time. There is a sequential rise in the production and consumption of pesticides in India during the last three decades. Researches are going on to develop safer molecules which could undergo photo-degradation, microbial degradation as well as chemical degradation leaving very less amount of residues in the environment. Conventional pesticide formulations like WP, EC etc are en...
Bao-Ming Ge* Dai-Zhen Zhang, Qiu-Ning Liu, Sen-Hao Jiang, Jun Cui, Chun-Lin Zhou and Bo-Ping Tang
...nt forests, and then the environmental change according to the dike age increasing should be considered as the main factor explaining such variation.
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Muhammad Mansoor, Zaigham Abbas and Nageen Husssain*
... presently accepted that environmental factors trigger the disease in genetically sensitive individuals. Gluten, a protein fraction commonly found in wheat grains, associated with food related disorders and a number of autoimmune diseases. We hypothesized that gluten containing diet would further exacerbate an already undergoing arbitrary immune reaction in SLE patients. Pristane was injected in female BALB/c mice to induce the disease. After five months, mice...
Song Li1,* and Zuojian Feng2
.... albiventer and its environmental evolution in southwestern China are also provided.
...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
...e they suffer in aquatic environment. In this study, we identified a set of 27 GSTs including 8 classes of members in common carp genome. Both sequences alignment and phylogenetic analysis exhibited that genes derived from the same GST class from different species share more similarity than genes of different classes in the same species. Copy number of GSTs examining showed that five classes of GST genes in common carp have undergone the gene duplications, inc...
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman1*,Ibrahim Alhidary1, Abdullah H. Alyemni2, Rifat U. Khan3, Abdel Raouf S. Bello4, Mohamed Y. Al-Saiady2 and Ramzi A. Amran1
...itively affect the rumen environment and consequently growing lambs’ health and productivity.
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Sidra Manzoor1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Wasim Shehzad1, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Muhammad Imran1, Tanveer Hussain2, Abdul Wajid1 and Maryam Javed1
... that it might be due to environmental or epigenetic effect, sampling number or a breed difference. To know the functional consequences of the identified polymorphism, RNA secondary structure analysis was performed and SNP was found changing the termination loop shape in mRNA. However, to increase the selection efficacy of dairy animals, the effects of candidate polymorphism should further be screened in different environment
Mehwish Faheem1,*, Saba Khaliq2 and Khalid Parvez Lone2
...enile C. catla at environmentally relevant concentration. Moreover, these results also depict the non-monotonic, biphasic dose response to BPA. 
...
Hassen Allaya1,2,*, Abderraouf Ben Faleh1, Manel Rebaya1, Sonia Zrelli3, Abdallah Hattour2, Jean-Pierre Quignard4 and Monia Trabelsi1
... in genetic structure or environmental conditions.
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Niamatullah Khan1*, Najeeb Ullah2, Inam Ullah2 and Asif Imran Shah1

... is affected by variable environmental conditions throughout the country which confines its production. Two years field research was conducted at Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan to assess the impacts of six sowing dates on yield and yield attributing traits of seven cotton varieties during 2015 and 2016. The experiment was laid out in split plot design having three repeats. Sowing dates; March 15, April 01, April 15, May 01, May 15 and June 01 were k...
Shuangye Wang1, Yunlin Zhao1, Zhenggang Xu1,2,*, Li Li3, Liang Wu1, Choucang Duan1 and Jiao Peng1

 

...quo;s Deer, to their new environment, this study was designed to track and observe 16 Milu, which were released in the Dongting Lake wetland area from Jiangsu, from April 4 to May 12, 2016, using instantaneous scanning and recorded 486 observations. Nineteen types of behaviour were observed which were classified into nine categories: resting, feeding, moving, excreting, parental behaviour, embellishing, rutting, vigilance and social behaviour. This study analy...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Arshad1, Mubasshir Sohail1,2 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa3,4
...lly hazardous to man and environment. Plant-derived mixtures are normally more easily degradable and could show a minor undesirable impact on environment with respect to synthetic compounds. This study was planned to check the efficacy of four different essential oils (neem oil, lemon oil, eucalyptus oil and orange oil) at different doses against percent mortality of Varroa mites. The essential oils were applied at tw...
Nargis Bano and Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*
...uces the sensitivity and environmental stress of crops as it alleviates the adverse effects of numerous stress causing factors. Numerous SA levels are found to protect several species of plants against environmental stresses by initiating different processes that are involved in the mechanism of stress tolerance. SA is part of an extremely complex signal transduction network’s part and it works differently in different...

Abdus Subhan1, Qudrat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mansoor2 and M. Jamil Khan

...a also falls in hot arid environment where organic amendments and efficient water used to reduce the input cost and improve crop yield. A field experiment was conducted at Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC), D. I. Khan during year 2014 –15 and 2015–16 to investigate the water use efficiency and response of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop to organic and inorganic fertilizers on a heavy textured soil. The treatments used in the experiment incl...

Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali* 

...er specific chemical and environmental conditions.

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Rabia Arif*, Shahar Bano, Muhammad Ishfaq and Muhammad Saleem
...ken from two contrasting environments (Natural and Harsh) from the south facing and north facing slopes of Evolution Canyon, Israel. Sequenced amplicons were introduced to the NCBI database as a query in BLASTN. The query revealed >100% resemblance with the Ascomycota genus Sordaria and the topmost species in this investigation was fimicola. Circular Phylogram showed close relatedness among the strains under study and potential association wit...
Muhammad Imran Mahmood* and Muhammad Zubair
...s recorded under drought environment.
...
Liushuai Hua1,3, Shiping Gong1,*, Xiangjing Zhong2, Jun Tao2, Yu Chen2 and Jieming Deng2 
...effects of two important environmental conditions (water depth and availability of sand beds) on changes in body weight and health status in captive big-headed turtles before and after hibernation were evaluated. Results showed that providing a suitable sand bed during hibernation have a significant effect on turtle health (P< 0.05), but makes no significant contribution to body weight maintenance. An appropriate water depth (less than three times bo...
Boran Karataş, Muhammed Arabaci and Şükrü Önalan*
... and when ecological and environmental parameters are concerned, G75K25 group, which consumed statistically significantly less food and demonstrated a lower food conversion ratio, would be more beneficial, and for fish breeders, who would like to increase the growth rate of the trout, G66K34 polyculture group would be more useful when compared to brown trout monoculture.
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Semra Benzer1,* and Recep Benzer2
...ecologic features of the environment and so its growth features are similar to the values of other water systems.
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Imran Ali Rajput1*, Tajwer Sultana Syed1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Imran Khatri1 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi2 

... the natural enemies and environmental hazards. 

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Fahad Tanveer1, Adnan Afzal2, Muhammad Adeel3*, Sana Shahid4 and Maham Masood5
...sedentary, non-ergonomic environment and life style. This becomes the reason of an increased load of human resource and cost. To shed this load of resources and cost, it’s essential to sort out means which give real relief to this increasingly significant problem. To compare outcomes of sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) versus Maitland manual therapy in improving non-specific neck pain. It was a quasi-experimental study design. The study was co...
Temel Gokturk1, Elif Tozlu2,* and Recep Kotan2
... increasing awareness on environmental issues, alternative methods were sought in the past; and in this context, studies were conducted to find new methods in which fungi and bacteria were used in the biological control against pests. Totally 10 bacterial strains including 2 strains of Brevibacillus brevis (CP-1, FD-1), 1 strain of Bacillus thuringiensis (FDP-1), 2 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae (FDP-8, FDP-42), 2 s...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
... to human, livestock and environment. To dispense with the detrimental consequences of chemicals, use of resistant cultivars can prove one of the effective and reliable alternative approaches for the management of this pest. As the information regarding resistant cultivars is lacking, therefore, the objective of the present study was to identify resistant sources from among the available commercial okra cultivars. Okra cultivars showed significant variations f...
Anan Kenthaoand Pornpimol Jearranaiprepame*
...cates the involvement of environmental conditions in morphological adaptation, providing useful information for the sustainable conservation of this fish.
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Aqsa Imtiaz and Abdul Rehman*
...the poultry wastes based environmental pollution and keratinase could be used to improve feather meal digestibility in animal feed as an additive.
...
Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Abdul Majid Khan1,*, Ghazala Roohi3 and Muhammad Akhtar1
... in evaluation of palaeo-environments. The present study involves the analysis of enamel hypoplasia in seven extinct giraffid species to determine and compare stress periods during the early Miocene to Pleistocene ages of the Siwaliks of Pakistan. Enamel hypoplasia is a tooth malady which is caused by the deficiency of food/nutrients. The feeding deficiency is directly linked to the physiological or environmental stress. In ...
Wanrong Wei and Weiguo Zhang* 
...om predators and extreme environment, and the function of burrows varies with the degree of burrow complexity. We studied the burrow architecture (length, internal dimensions, fractal dimension of tunnel systems, number of nesting chambers and surface holes) by excavating the tunnels of 24 burrow systems of the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae). Pikas have two types of burrow systems, namely temporary and permanent burrows. The number of surface holes a...
Faiza Ambreen*1 and Muhammad Javed2
...h may be used as part of environmental monitoring programs.
...

Warda Fatima1 , Shahida Hasnain1 , Saqib Mahmood2

 

...ion where both genes and environment have roles in disease development. In the present study we selected a family withmultiple schizophrenic patients and have identified some reasons for disease development. It is estimated from study that in Pakistan there is gender bias in schizophrenia unlike the worldwide data because more of males are affected in the selected family. For the males the age at onset was higher compared to females and the affected individual...

 Maryum Fakhar, Iqra Jabbar, Anjum Nasim Sabri*

...ria isolated from saline environment and to check their biofilm forming ability under nickel stress. Our previous results showed that these bacteria are capable of producing proline, glycine betaine, choline and other osmolytes under NaCl stress. On the basis of those results it is hypothesized that this osmolyte production ability may help them in nickel resistance under Ni salt stress. This study was centered on assessing the adherence, motility, hydrophobic...

Malak Atiq Ullah Khan* and Fida Mohammad 

...Knowledge of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) is essential for identifying environment-specific and widely adapted genotypes. Multi-environment trials were conducted to evaluate the magnitude of genotype (G), environment (E) and GEI effects on yield and yield components of wheat. Eighty-one wheat genotypes were evaluated under nine

Sajid Muhammad* and Fida Mohammad 

...ting of genotypes across environments is required to determine yield stability of genotypes. The specific objective of the current study was to analyze genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of grain yield for 50 genotypes using GGE model. Germplasm was field-tested using alpha lattice design in two replications at Peshawar (E-1 and E-3), Hangu (E-2 and E-4) and Kohat (E-5) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan during 201...

Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani2, Sami Ullah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Abdur Rauf3 and Inam Ullah2

...s in D.I. Khan, Pakistan environments. 

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Soraya Khosravian Dehordi*, Abdolnaser Mohebbi and Kahin Shahanipour

...sures to heavy metals in environment produce several armful health effects. The generation of oxidative stress creates by the common mechanism their carcinogenicity and toxicity. The present study was planned to determine whether an oral administration of nano-selenium (nano-Se) influencing on biomarkers of oxidative status in the rats spleen exposed to the cadmium (Cd) metal. For this purpose, thirty male rats equally divided into six groups, group I received...
Zia ur Rehman1, Naila Chand1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3
...s performed better in TN environment.
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Muhammad Zamin* and Abdul Mateen Khattak 

...c landscape under saline environments. 

...
...kept in distinct captive environment. This is evident that the quality of lodging environs and area range had solid connection with frequency of various normal and abnormal types of behavior in captive animals.
...

Syed Asif Imran Shah1*, Shah Jehan Khan2, Kalim Ullah1 and Obaid Ullah Sayal

...es while lower values of environmental coefficient variance were observed for all the studied attributes which reflected that these traits were genetically controlled and under less influence of environment. Higher broad sense heritability and expected genetic advance reflected that all attributes were governed by additive genes and early phenotypic selection for their improvement might be effective. Five principle component...
Tasleem Akhtar*, Muhammad Asif Aziz, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Sheraz Ahmedand Imran Bodlah
...2015). Among the abiotic environmental factors, temperature had a strong, significant and positive correlation with the foraging activity of A. mellifera on B. napus (r= 0.766; P= 0.0037 **), whereas relative humidity and rainfall had significantly negative correlation (r= -0.759; P= 0.0041 **, r= -0.715; P= 0.0089 **).
...

Muhammad Ijaz Khan* and Amanullah Jan 

...il and provide favorable environment for the growth and development of crops, soil conditioners are used. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of soil conditioning and irrigation regimes on the performance of maize crop during 2011 and 2012. Four irrigation regimes ranging from 3-6 irrigation in relation to the critical stages of maize crop were applied. Irrigation consisted of 93 mm water. Three organic soil conditioners viz., farmyard manure (10...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar1*, Abid Ali2, Manzoor Hussain2, Saadia3, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Sohail Latif6
...ost and pollute the soil environment. Therefore, some alternative but sustainable, environment friendly and cost effective approaches of nutrient management can be a possible solution for these problems. So the present study was conducted at Agronomic Research Area, Groundnut Research Station Attock, Pakistan during rabi 2013-14 to check the effect of different integrated nutrients management strategies on the yield and qual...

 Sumia Bint Zaman, Sidra Majeed and Shahid Ahmad*

... irrigation in favorable environments. Benefit-cost analysis shows that break-even point can be achieved in fourth year of plantation of Jatropha. The projected consumption in Pakistan for petro-fuel for 2025 is 35.1 mt, which is almost double of the current consumption. Thus, the target projections for replacement of petro-fuel with bio-diesel will be 3.51 mt for which 3.5 mha of land is required, as Jatropha has to be grown in marginal areas with marginal yi...

 Shazia Erum, Rashid Anwar and Shahid Masood*

...the product quality, the environmental virtue and human skill of the area. In the present study, comparative analysis of total seed proteins of Kasuri methi (GI of Kasur, Pakistan) was evaluated with other Trigonella genotypes by SDS-PAGE. Results showed that at protein level Kasuri methi acquired a unique status as a G.I of Kasur. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) of 28 genotypes including both methi and methray from various agro ecological zones of Pakistan were inte...

 Muhammad Azeem Khan*, Abid Hussain, Irfan Mehmood and Sonila Hassan **

...zones of Pakistan due to environmental harshness in general and law of inheritance in particular. Due to increase in mean annual temperatures and irregular rain patterns, area under major crops at Kohat and productivity of major crop at Attock decreased. Bivariate correlations between mean seasonal rainfall, area and production of major crops were moderately positive and statistically significant (except for wheat crop at Attock). This means that an increase i...

Imtiaz Hussain*, Hassnain Shah, M. Azeem Khan, Waqar Akhtar**, Abdul Majid*** and M. Yaqub Mujahid*

Corresponding author:izhussain@yahoo.com

PRODUCTIVITY IN RICE-WHEAT CROP ROTATION OF PUNJAB: AN APPLICATION OF TYPICAL FARM METHODOLOGY
...ues that not only create environmental pollution but also affect the productivity of the cropping system. Stagnation in yield of rice and wheat is reported mainly due to uninterrupted sequential rice-wheat cropping which cause low fertility, increased weed problem, more disease and insect invasion leading to yield losses. Berseem is the only crop that breaks this rotation. Farmers are aware of the beneficial effects of this crop rotation and believed that this...

 Javid Iqbal, Asghar Ali Mian, Tanveer Ahmad*, Shamsul Hassan** and Sohail Hassan Khan* 

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC TRAITS OF FOUR IMPORTED BROILER STRAINS UNDER LOCAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN
...akistan, under the local environmental and management conditions. A total of 360 day old chicks of four broiler strains (90 from each strain) were procured from the local hatcheries and designated as four treatments i.e., A (Hubbard), B (Arbor Acres), C (Ross 308) and D (Hybro PN). The chicks were raised under recommended rearing requirements for 7 weeks and the economic traits measured were body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, ant...

 Shahida N.Khokhar*

CROP INOCULANTS- AN UNDEREXPLORED POTENTIAL IN AGRICULTURE
... poverty alleviation and environmental concerns have caused a shift in paradigm from use of agrochemicals to green way of life. Bioinoculants are in perfect harmony with the concept of Evergreen Revolution. They have the potential to improve value cost ratio (VCR) of agricultural production. Pakistan faces increase in degraded lands, water shortage, energy crisis, all contributing to poverty. During last two decades, many efforts were made to address the issue...

 Hassnain Shah, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Umar Farooq, Nadeem Akmal*, Shahid Munir and Bashir Hussain**

POTENTIAL FOR INVESTMENT IN INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGIES: A CASE OF LOW COST SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION STRUCTURES IN RAINFED POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
...nservation under such an environment could provide the foundation for agricultural and natural resource development. To develop appropriate technologies for increasing land productivity through soil and water conservation, applied research has been carried out during 2001-07 in the rainfed Pothwar area. Low cost soil and water conservation structures were developed and demonstrated in the area. The investment appraisal based on the cost incurred and benefits r...

 Shafique Qadir Memon*, Muhamamd Safar Mirjat, Abdul Quadir Mughal** Nadeem Amjad***, Muhammad Azhar Saeed, Shabbir Kalwar, Asif Ali Mirani and Habib Iqbal Javed****

TILLAGE AND NPK EFFECT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPRING MAIZE IN ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
...erefore, considering the environmental conditions, the deep tillage with recommended dose of NPK performed best and provided more vegetative growth and grain yield in maize. However, poor-resource farmers can use the medium level of NPK @ -1 150-75-75 kg ha for getting an economical and successful maize crop.

...

 Sara Khalid*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz*, Khalid Saifullah Khan* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*

EFFECT OF ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, FRUIT AND YIELD QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY
... globally to protect our environment and prevent health issues resulting from pesticides and hazardous chemicals. In this regard, studies were conducted using six different organic amendments on strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler which included T = planting 1 media -1 (soil + silt + farm yard manure); T = planting media + 400 mgl humic 2 -1 acid; T = planting media + 200 g kg leaf manure; T = planting media + 200 3 4 -1 -1 g kg vermicompost; T =...

 Hafiz Sultan Mahmood*, Munir Ahmad**, Tanveer Ahmad*, Muhammad Azhar Saeed* and Muhammad Iqbal***

POTENTIALS AND PROSPECTS OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN - A REVIEW
...cing profit and reducing environmental risks. These technologies have demonstrated to provide benefits to farmers as well as reduced environmental stresses in the developed world. Present paper provides an overview of precision agriculture and examines the potentials, prospects, implications, issues and relevance of precision agricultural applications in Pakistani agricultural system. There is a scope of many precision techn...

 Muhammad Yasin Mirza*, Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Muhammad Amjad* and Malik Shah Nawaz*

STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR ECONOMIC TRAITS IN SESAME ( L.)
... estimation of genotypes environment(GE) interaction and to identify stable genotype(s) using stability parameters, and to determine inter-parameters correlation. Two locations (NARC and D.I. Khan) were suitable for high productivity. PR-19-9-S produced maximum (341 kgha ) at NARC and V-90005 produced 344 kgha and PARS-I produced 304 kgha at D.I Khan. The variance due to GE interaction was highly significant for all the traits showing heritable variation among...

 Shahida Khalid*and Shahida Nasreen Khokhar*

INTERACTION OF HERBICIDES AND BIO-INOCULANTS WITH AGRICULTURAL CROPS AND WEEDS
...lants contribute to soil environment through their versatile role. Whereas weeds are a limitation and herbicide carryover can also be injurious to subsequent crops. The residual/carryover herbicides may influence sowing decisions for the next crop due to reduced herbicide breakdown. The present study aimed at exploring the contribution of bio-fertilizer microbes (Azospirillum) to mitigate the inhibitory effect of herbicide residue in soil, and their inhibitory...

 Javed Khan*, Ehsan-ul-Haq*, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Tariq Mahmood*,
Awais Rasool*, Naheed Akhtar and Saleem Abid**

BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FEEDING ON WHEAT APHID SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

 Shafique Qadir Memon*, Nadeem Amjad**, Muhammad Safar Mirjat***, Abdul Quadir Mughal***, Khalil Ahmad Ibupoto***, Shabbir Ahmad Kalwar****, Asif Ali Mirani**** and Muhammad Azhar Saeed****

EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND USE OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF MAIZE
...erefore, considering the environmental conditions, the deep tillage with recommended dose of organic and inorganic fertilizer performed best and provided more vegetative growth, grain yield and dry matter in maize. Residual effects and supplemental fertilizer application in maize production were greater than fresh maize production.

...

 Ali Ahsan Bajwa*, Ehsanullah*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Wahaj Nafees*, Mohsin Tanveer* and Hafiz Salman Saeed*

IMPACT OF FERTILIZER USE ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW
...rains and cash crops but environment is being deteriorated at alarming rate also. Increased use of fertilizers, pesticides, chemical growth regulators, machinery and poor management practices are accelerating environmental pollution, soil degradation, global warming, climatic change and food deterioration. Conservation agriculture offers a sustainable solution for all these problems most often. This review focuses the use of...

 Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-Din*, Sikandar Khan Tanveer*, Maqsood Qamar* and Syed Haider Abbas*

EVALUATION OF ADVANCE WHEAT LINES FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RAINFED ENVIRONMENT
...er yield under stressful environment is the main objective while evaluating genotypes for rainfed ecologies. A field study was conducted at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan to evaluate the agronomic traits of three advance lines (NR-397, NR-379 and NR-400) in comparison to released variety (NARC-09) under rainfed conditions during crop season 2010-2011. Crop was sown on normal (November 15) and late (December 15) planting times...

 Kalim Ullah*, Zahid Usman*,Niamatullah Khan*, Rehmat Ullah**, Fazal Yazdan Saleem***, Shahid Iqbal Khattak**** and Muhammad Ali*****

GENETIC DIVERSITY FOR YIELD AND RELATED TRAITS IN UPLAND COTTON GENOTYPES
...mparison to variances of environment and highly heritable in broad sense. These instant results suggest that these breeding materials have the room for further improvement and can be successfully utilized in future breeding programmes. 

...

 Muhammad Nisar Khan*, Tariq Hassan*, Hassnain Shah*, Saleem Abid*, Irum Raza* and Saqib Shakeel Abbasi*

ASSESSMENT OF THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING COURSE UNDER WATERSHED PROJECT AT FATEHJANG FIELD STATION, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

Muhammad Zahid Kiani*, Tariq Sultan**, Arshad Ali**, Ghulam Qadir*** Imdad Ali Mahmood**, Tauseef Tabassam**, Muhammad Arshad Ullah** and Nasir Abbas* 

EFFECT OF PGPR STRAINS ON SUNFLOWER GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS UNDER SALINITY STRESS
...plant growth under harsh environment. A pot trial was conducted to examine the performance of four isolated strains in five treatments viz., KS 44, KS 7, KS 41, KS 42 and KS mix under four different artificially developed -1 salinity levels (5, 8, 10 and 12 dS m ) at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad. Hybrid seeds (SMH 0917) of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) were used. After six weeks of sowing, plants were harvested and data regarding root le...

 Muneeb Zafar*, Tahir Mehmood**, Irfan Ahmad Baig**, Abdul Saboor** Mazher Abbas***, Shumaila Sadiq** and Khalid Mahmood****

ANALYTICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF NON-OPTIMAL USE OF PESTICIDES AND HEALTH HAZARDS FOR VEGETABLE PICKERS
...ults in contamination of environment (water, soil, and air) and increase the health cost of vegetable pickers. The purpose of this study is to estimate the excessive use of pesticides and economic cost of health hazards for the vegetable pickers in district Vehari. Data from 90 respondents were collected and analyzed. The most common health problems identified during the survey were headache, eye irritation, skin infection, cough and shortness of breath. Healt...

  Muhammad Nisar Khan*, Hassnain Shah*, Saqib Shakeel Abbasi and Abid Hussain*

FARMERS PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE APPLICATION OF BIOZOTE IN SELECTED DEMONSTRATED RICE FIELDS AT HAFIZABAD AND SHEIKHUPURA DISTRICTS
...ment are also considered environment friendly and a cheap substitute for fertilizer. Biozote application in rice crop was demonstrated at farmers' fields in Hafizabad and Sheikhupura districts under the project “Improving Soil Fertility and Soil Health in Pakistan”. The present paper aimed to assess the performance of biozote on rice and is based on perceptions of farmers involved in on-farm demonstration trials. Four different treatments on each s...

 Dilawar Khan*, Abid Saeed*, Junaid Ahmad*, Imtiaz Qamar**, Fazal Yazdan**, Saleem ud Din** and Muhammad Tariq**

ASSESSMENT OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION IN DHRABI WATERSHED AND CHAKWAL REGION IN PAKISTAN
...es in arid and semi-arid environment where forage for rearing of livestock and food for human being is the better option for that land use systems. Dhrabi watershed is one of the areas where, there is a high potential for forage and livestock production. The analysis includes assessment and role of this riparian vegetation which is very helpful for integrated watershed management in different watershed areas. Dhrabi watershed is a catchments area of Dhrabi res...

 Ishaq Ahmad*, Abdul Rehman**, Ehsan –Ul- Haq*** and Arif Mahmood****

RESISTANCE RESPONSE OF RICE ( L.) GERMPLASM AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER ( G.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION IN PAKISTAN
... threat the pest and its environmental friendly control. Present study was carried out in greenhouse of Plant Genetic Resources Institute (PGRI), NARC. Twenty six Pakistani genotypes of rice germplasm including 15 coarse and 10 fine genotypes were screened in pot experiment during 2011 including TNI, used as susceptible check. The damage results revealed that one genotype PK-8893-4-1-3-1 was moderately resistant, seven genotypes were moderately susceptible, el...

 Hafiz Sultan Mahmood*, Tanveer Ahmad*, Zulfiqar Ali*, Munir Ahmad** and Nadeem Amjad***

FIELD EVALUATION OF A WHEAT STRAW CHOPPER
...heat straw and saves the environment from smoke pollution, if straw is burnt in the field. Field performance of this technology has not been evaluated yet, although this technology has been adopted in Pakistan for many years. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an improved version of wheat straw chopper in combine-harvested wheat fields of southern Punjab and to determine the economics of this machine. Five test plots ranging from 0....

 Ummad-ud-Din Umar*, Muhammad Aslam Khan**, *Ateeq-urRehman*, Abdul Hannan***, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*, Azhar Ali Khan****, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar****

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF POTATO LEAF ROLL VIRUS DISEASE PREDICTION MODEL BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FOR FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
...of disease incidence and environmental variables and validated by two years data collected in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Maximum and minimum air temperatures, relative humidity and rainfall were employed as independent variables while PLRV disease incidence served as the response variable. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to select potentially useful predictor variables for model development. In stepwise regression analysis minimum temperature, relative h...

 Nasarullah*, Raiz uddin*, Fakhar Uddin* and Muhammad Jamal*

INTERPRETING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...essed with wide range of environmental conditions ranging from plains to mountains. Wheat is grown throughout the country to feed more than 200 million people. To get maximum yield, high yielding genotypes suitable to diverse agro-climatic conditions are needed. However, so for few varieties have been developed that can efficiently grow in different environments. This is one of the reasons for lower wheat production in the c...
Naimat Ullah Khan1,2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1Nisar Ahmad3, Ayesha Hassan1, Muhammad Kashif Prince1, Muhammad Luqman Sohail4,*, Mian Saeed Sarwar2, Hazrat Ali2, Tahir Usman2, Asadullah Khan2, Siffat Ullah Khan3 and Shahid Zaman5
... of etiological agent in environment.
...
Alaeldein M. Abudabos*, Abdullah N. Al-Owaimer, Elsayed O.S. Hussein and Mutahar H. Ali
... broilers. Two levels of environmental temperatures: normal (22°C) and high (32°C) and two levels of vitamin C in drinking water (with and without) were arranged in a factorial arrangement resulted in four dietary treatments for the period from 15 to 30 days of age. Results revealed a significant two way interaction for body weight gain (BW) and feed intake (FI) (P<0.01) for the first week of the trial (15-22 day). The effect of treatment in the sec...
Ali Haider Saleem1,*, Khalid Javed2, Masroor Ellahi Babar3, Tanveer Hussain3, Asad Ali2, Afzal Ali2, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Zahid Farooq1 and Muhammad Dawood2
...was used to minimize the environmental effects. The variation i.e. “W” type heterozygous condition showed a higher average daily weight gain. Sequence analysis of LEP gene confirmed the presence of genetic variability among Lohi animals; this variation might be associated with other economic traits for future breeding programs and marker assisted selection.
...
Grace C. Onyishi, Ifeanyi Oscar N. Aguzie, Christopher D. Nwani*, R.N.N. Obiezue and I.C. Okoye
...relative humidity of the environment.
...
Humaira Jabeen and Nazia Jamil*
... was to evaluate various environments for bioplastic producing bacteria. Bacterial strains were isolated from the desert and urban soil samples. A total of 39 strains isolated from Cholistan near Bahawalpur and 24 strains were isolated from various areas of Lahore. Bacterial strains were screened for the production and accumulation of bio-plastic. Only three strains from urban soil sample were able to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Strain Acinetobacte...

Ikramullah Khan1,2*, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Sohail Akhtar2, Ijaz Ali3 and Ghufran Ullah4 

...>The ability to adapt to environment is of great importance to all living things.Heat stress response was determined in dairy cows,9 each from Holstein Frisian (HF), Crossbred-50% (HF × Sahiwal) and Bos Indicus (Sahiwal and Achai). Cows were sampled at environmental temperature 18, 32 and 42 °C in February, April and June, respectively. The physiological parameters recorded were rectal temperature (RT), respiration...
María Magdalena Crosby-Galván1, Bernardino Espinoza-Velasco1 and Mónica Ramirez-Mella2,*
...ihua pumpkin could be an environmentally friendly and ecological alternative for feeding ruminants that can be incorporated into the diet as much as 30% of the ration. However, this study was limited to an in vitro assay; in vivo studies are necessary to evaluate the potential of chihua pumpkin´s residue in the productive performance of ruminants. It would also be appropriate to evaluate the intake behavior, productive performance and nutri...
Zahida Parveen1, Safdar Sidra1*, Bushra Nisar Khan2

Shahid Ali1* and Salamat Ali2  

...evenues of open shed and environmentally controlled (EC) shed broiler farms in Punjab, Pakistan. Multistage sampling technique was applied for selection of sampled respondents. 120 farmers, 60 farmers of open shed and 60 farmers of EC shed were interviewed during 2014. Dummy variable regression was applied for estimation and comparison of costs and revenues of open shed and EC shed broiler farms. Results revealed that there was statistically significant differ...
Liumeng Zheng1, Yanmei Wang1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yuanzhao Qin3, Yuming Guo3, Hongxing Niu1,* and Yanzhen Bu1,*
...entropy model with seven environmental variables to evaluate habitat suitability. Our results indicate that the current reserve may be too small to meet the crested ibises’ needs in the future, and we believe that more ibises will disperse outside the reserve as the population expands. The distribution of crested ibises in the Dongzhai Reserve area was mainly affected by altitude, followed by distance to forest, and distance to roads. Notably, our study ...
Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1,*, Waseem Akram2, Sumi Lee3, Shakir Manzoor1, Syed Rajab Ayub1, Khalil Ur Rehman1, Shinawar Waseem Ali1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha1 and Sumaira Maqsood1
...Spinosad, a reduced risk environment friendly insecticide, is increasingly being used as a grain protectant in different countries. Geographical variation in susceptibility to spinosad in stored grain insect pests has been reported worldwide; however, there is a lack of information in Pakistan. In the present study, one laboratory reference strain and five field strains each of, Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum

Muhammad Suhaib1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Masooma Munir3, Badar-Uz-Zaman1, Bushra Atta4 and Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5 

...ant regardless of stress environment or normal growth conditions. While regarding salicylic acid induced amelioration it was notable that both levels of salicylic acid had significant effects on the physiology and biochemical parameters of crop plants however lower level of salicylic acid 0.25 mM was found more efficient then the higher level of salicylic acid. Salicylic acid induced improvement is significant regardless of stress envi...
Aqeela Ashraf1,2,*, Muhammad Imran1 and Yung-Fu Chang2
...lity, enormous number of environmental sources and increased resistance to antibiotics. The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from bovine mastitis and identification of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes associated with them. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. Resistance and virulence genes were detected by PCR. The results showed that 100% of isolate...
Gulnaz Malik1, Abdul Qadir1 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,*
...ompromised by prevailing environmental temperature since it has a significant effect on the toxicities of insecticides. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the effect of post-treatment temperature on the toxicity of four insecticides viz., spinosad, emamectin benzoate, lufenuron and thiamethoxam. For this purpose, toxicities of insecticides were tested at three different temperatures 20°C, 25°C and 30°C, on whole wheat grains whic...
Mingming Ning1,2, Yanjie Zheng1, Yuanyuan Dun1, Weijun Guan2 and Xiuxia Li1,*
...ulating the chicken body environment, involving adding proportion of chicken serum and some growth factors. CAFSCs can be transferred to 34 passages nowadays. Surface marker Oct4, CD105, nanog, CD73 and SSEA-4 on CAFSCs are detected positive with immunofluorescence histochemistry, Gene CD44, CD29, CD73 and SH2 are detected positive with RT-PCR. We carry karyotype analysis out and find that chromosome is 2n=78 and shows normal. CAFSCs in mid period of subcultur...
Wael S. El-Tohamy1,*, Russell R. Hopcroft2 and Nagwa E.M. Abdel Aziz3
...ton community and eleven environmental variables were investigated seasonally during 2014 through nine stations in the Damietta estuary of the Nile River. Meroplanktonic larvae were the major component representing 39.4% of the total zooplankton abundance. Copepods and their larval stages contributed 36.2%. Rotifers ranked the third important group (12.6%). Protozoa contributed 10.6% of the total community. According to the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (C...
Muhammad Shahid Saeed1, Adeela Shahid2, Samia Jawed3, Muhammad Akram4, Irshad Hussain Qureshi5 
... genetic, behavioral and environmental factors. There are many drugs available for asthma and magnesium sulphate is given intravenously as an important adjunct therapy during the acute severe attack of asthma
Objective: This study was panned to determine the effect of intravenous MgSO4 on pulmonary function test in acute severe attack of asthma.
Methodology: A double blind placebo control study was conduced on a...

Imadud Din1*, Fazal Munsif1, Irfan Ahmad Shah3, Hamayoon Khan1, Fahad Ullah Khan1, Ibrarullah2, Shahab Uddin4 and Tauqir Islam1 

...nable crop under various environmental conditions. The aim of the present study was to assess twenty-four different wheat genotypes for morphological traits and yield components. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design having three replications. Components of variation, broad sense heritability, genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), range and genetic advance were estimated for yield a...
Shumaila Irum1, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal*2 and Fatima Naumeri3
...y success of educational environment heavily depends upon benefits to learners and this further facilitates the learning processing. The most commonly used tool, to measure it, is Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM).
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the perceptions of medical students in pre-clinical years about educational environment in a...
Ayesha Noreen1, Dilara A. Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1,*
...e generated by intake of environmental pollutants, smoke, tobacco, xenobiotic, drugs, medical materials, radiations, pesticides, industrial solvents and ozone. The processes running in the cell membranes, peroxisomes, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum also generate ROS. ROS can be activated by numerous external factors, and play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis. ROS and tumor cell interaction could activate the signalling pathways, promot...

Jahangir khan* and Abbas Ullah Jan 

...rding health concern and environment concern tend to have a positive influence on willingness to pay for pesticides free fruit. Households in the study area are willing to pay 14 percent more price premium suggests households’ demand for pesticides free apple in the study area. 

...
Safia Rehman1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1,*, Gerald B. Pier2, Iram Liaqat1 and Bushra Mazhar1
... isolates from different environments. In the present study 72 samples from blood, 43 from sputum, and 19 were obtained from tracheal aspirates patients suffering from chronic and acute lung infections admitted to a local hospital in Lahore. Susceptibility of 134 isolates of P. aeruginosa was tested against selected antibiotics (meropenem, imipenem, piperacillin, amoxicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, clarithromycin, clarithromycin, c...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Rashid Mushtaq1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2, Sumaira Maqsood3, Ishita Ahuja4 and Atle M. Bones4
...lems of pest resistance, environmental pollution and human health concerns. The isolates of S. litura nucleopolyhedroviruses (SltNPV) were collected from infected larvae fed on natural cotton crops. The NPV was isolated from the larvae and viral occlusion bodies (VOBs) were detected using a light microscope. The toxicity of native isolates against S. litura also studied by testing different concentrations (1 x 102 POB (Polyhedral occlu...

Saif Ullah and Mohammad Akmal*

...n the cropping system of environment. Combined effect of N, P and S on sunflower is essential to review. Field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. Nitrogen (40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1), P (30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) and S (10, 20 and 30 kg ha-1) were compared in a randomized complete block design in three replications. Plot (4m x 4.2m) with six rows were made and planted at 0.7m spacing on ridg...

Muhammad Abu Sufyan Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Ghaffar Ali and Muhammad Fayaz 

...ysis show that location, environmental and agricultural characteristics of a farmland determine its price. Residential and commercial encroachment on fertile irrigated farmlands at urban fringe is alarming. More than half of the sampled transacted farmland parcels were used for residential and commercial units’ construction. Farmland potential for commercial or residential use creates a value expectation and it capitalizes into farmland price. The value,...
Lamiaa Elsayed Mokhtar Deef
...non-native species in an environment. The biometrics and molecular markers were used to confirm the identification of A. albiventris at the species level. In the current work 757 bp and 668 bp were identified as regions of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) and mitochondrial 12S rRNA genes, sequences of both genes were placed in the GenBank publication database (Accession numbers are KF783143 and KJ193305) and (Accession numbers are M95109, KF783175...
Haozhen Liu1, Xiangfu Li2, Yinong Wang1,*, Xun Liu3,4, Li Wang1, Dong Liu1, Chen Chen1, Jinjing Li1, Haifeng Jiao5 and Zhongjie You1,5
...gshan and elucidate main environmental variables that shape their spatial patterns. The environment of the study area has significant spatial heterogeneity. Environmental variables of sediment and water column were studied to provide models for spatial patterns of macrobenthic assemblages. Result showed that most of variation in macrobenthic spatial patterns were explained by the studied <...
Merica Slišković1, Meta Povž2, Marina Piria3,*, Goran Jakšić4, Ana Gracanin5 andGorana Jelić Mrčelić1
...were well adapted to the environmental conditions. Positive allometry in both males and females were observed (W = 0.004 L3.119). This represents the first LWR dataset for sichel. The morphometric and meristic traits values from this research add to the limited data that is presently available. By comparing historical and recent data on sichel distribution, we observed a dramatically declining trend. Therefore, further research and tar...

Muhammad Israr1*, Saeed Ullah1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Asif Yaseen3, Urooba Pervaiz4 and Nafees Ahmad5 

... is the most significant environmental issue in the present world and posing a challenge to the goals of future sustainability. The aims of this study was to measure the agriculture land degradation process in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan by studying the perceptions of the farmers about the different dimensions of agriculture LD with the construction of LD index. For achieving this primary data was collected by proportionate random sampling techniques...

Monsif Ur Rehman1*, Hidayat-ur-Rahman1, Muhammad Iqbal2, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1 and Zahir Shah3 

... well in a wide range of environments. Promising maize populations (and their hybrids) could be used as a source for inbred line development as well as cost-effective alternatives to single-cross hybrids. This study was aimed at determining combining ability and grain yield performance of S1 lines derived from ten maize populations. These populations were crossed in half diallel design and the resulting 45 cross combinations were further explored for their use...

Waqas Ali* and Mudasser Habib 

...on campaigns and drastic environmental conditions strains under negative selection has the ability to make escape mutants. 

...
Mouslim Bara1,2,* and Luciano N. Segura3
...chness along large-scale environmental gradients, but mechanisms by which climate influences the bird abundance are still unknown. We analyzed seasonal variations on the bird community structure of Rallidae and Anatidae families in the northeastern Algerian Garaet Hadj Tahar for three consecutive years (September 2012 to August 2015). We studied the effect of air temperature and water depth on bird abundance and two ecological diversity indices (Shannon and Sh...
Farah Mansha, Abdul Rehman*
... helpful in cleaning the environment.
...

Muhammad Arshad*, Sabeeta Jan, Sundas Awan, Samra Azam, Shiguftah Khalid and Muahmmad Ayub Khan 

...it further under diverse environments. 

...

 Sadia Murawwat1, *Nageen Fatima1, Qandeel Iqbal1, Syeda Ameena Rizvi1 and Mehak Fatima1

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING BEYOND CLASSROOM: CHALLENGES AND ANTICIPATED RESOLUTIONS
...d curriculum, e-learning environment, conduction of internships and synchronization of institutes and industries. Moreover, new trends and pedagogical techniques to improve the status of techno-oriented Pakistan are also inspected.

...

Hareem Mohsin, Azka Asif*, Warda Fatima, Sarooj Nadeem, Anjum Nasim Sabri

Assessment of biocalcification by the water absorption test using microorganism from oil contaminated site
...tion is considered as an environment friendly process that includes the precipitation of protective layer of calcium carbonate on the cement based structures or buildings. In the present study, the biocalcification capacity of Bacillus pasteurii was studied on the cement samples. The cement samples were treated with urea and calcium salt (calcium carbonate) that act as a source of calcium along with the microorganism under optimum culture conditions. Alkaline ...

 Tahir Abbas*1, Khawaja Raees Ahmad2, Asmatullah3, Khalid Pervaiz Lone4, Muhammad Ali Kanwal2, Sadia Suleman2

Reno-hepatic protective effects of Jambul against chromium induced anomalies in mice
...cts against heavy metals environmental toxicants especially Cr+6 is novel and cheapest; that should be sponsored for ethno-medicinal purpose.

...

Farah Deeba, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir, Muhammad Irfan, Javed Iqbal Qazi*

Chitinase production in organisms: a review
...e terrestrial and marine environments. Chitinase are chitin degradable enzyme have control of phytopathogens, physiological functions and degradation of chitinous waste. Interest in chitin wastes utilization is increasing day by day because of its natural resistance against degradation. The review focused on different sources of naturally chitinase production in organisms was discussed.

...

Durr-e- Samin Tahir*, Waqar Nasir, Sarah Bushra, Fatima Batool

Height trends in the population of Rabwah, district Chiniot, Pakistan and comparison with WHO standards
...irs. It is influenced by environmental factors such as nutrition, disease and lifestyle. A study was carried out to compare the height trends of
the local population of Rabwah with WHO standards. A total of 4293 accurate observations (male=2084 female =2209) were recorded. The age group chosen for present study is 5-19 years which is the phase of growth and height
increase. Heights of the parents and siblings up to 25 are also recorded for furthe...

Nasir Raza Zaidi1, Mian Waheed Ahmad1, Mahesh Gautam1, Riffat Mehboob2*

Risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Pakistani population- A crosssectional study
...ecting the neurons. Many environmental and genetic factors have been associated with MS. The aim of this study
is to identify the possible risk factors that are linked to MS in Pakistani population. This study was conducted in
Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital Lahore from 2013 to 2014. The first hundred patients who came for
reporting MRI of the brain and had positive findings of MS were retrospectively evaluated. Mean age of the pati...

Sadaf Niaz1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Asif Nadeem1, Misbah Hussain1, Riffat Mehboob3*, Fridoon Jawad Ahmad3

Mutation analysis of RING1 domain of Parkin in early onset of Parkinson’s disease in Pakistani patients-a pilot study
...e or due to other
environmental factors. However, we have limitation of sample size due to less occurrence of disease in this area. The
current study is very important for successive researches in Pakistan as the disease ratio is increasing continuously
due to consanguineous marriages.

...

 Anam Javed, Javed Iqbal Qazi*

Skin health implications of Chemical detergents and importance of biodetergents
...ble so do not persist in environment. Our body’s protecting shield, the skin, has more chances of exposure and biodetergents have potential to eliminate the associated risk. Economical production of biosurface active substances at industrial level through utilization of bio-waste origin feedstocks would also enhance recycling and energy conservation in the environment. Through the application of biosustainable developm...

 Maleeha Manzoor1,2*, Ruijuan Ma2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Fouzia Tabssum1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1

Microalgal-bacterial consortium: a cost-effective approach of wastewater treatment in Pakistan
...t using microalgae is an environmental friendly practice, involving various interactions among
the micro and macro fauna and flora of treatment plant. The use of algal-bacterial consortia for wastewater
treatments has proved more effective in biomass production, nutrient cycling and bioremediation of organic
pollutants, heavy metals and many other contaminants. The biodegradation approach of involving consortium might
attain self-su...

 Khurram Shahzad1*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Farhat Jabeen2, Nasreen Kosour3, Muhammad Sohail1, Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan1, Munir Ahmad1

Bioaccumulation of manufactured titanium dioxide
...
into the aquatic environment. Nanoparticles have the potential accumulative and
toxic influence in the water environments. There is a need to exploremore likely
accumulation of nanoparticles in the aquatic organisms. This study was designed
to investigate the possible bioaccumulation of TiO2, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to
tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Fish were exposed to three doses o...

 Anber Naqvi1*#, Abdul Qadir1, Adeel Mahmood2, Mehvish Mumtaz3, Iqra Aslam1, Gan Zhang4

Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in maternal blood serum from selected districts of Punjab, Pakistan
...releases of PCB into the environment to prevent human exposure.

...

 Siddra Tayyab Akhtar, Anjum Nasim Sabri

Twitching, swimming, swarming in biofilm forming strains in response to chemical and physical factors
...ould change the physical environment of
sewage systems as well as flooding some specific chemicals, which disrupt
bacterial motilities and biofilm formation.

...

 Raazia Kiran1, Alya Riaz1, Muhammad Irfan1*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir2

An overview of pre-treatment methods used for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomasses into valuable products
... influence on the
environment. Second generation (2G) or cellulosic bio-ethanol is produced from the
biomass in three main steps that are pre-treatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation.
The pre-treatment method involves the use of different physical processes i.e., size
reduction, steaming or boiling, ultrasonication, and bursting, chemical methods i.e.,
solvents, acids, salts, bases, the physicochemical processes include liquid...

 Abdul Majid Khan*

Review report on mammalian dental defect (enamel hypoplasia) in different groups of mammals
... Enamel hypoplasia is an environmental and physiological
stress indicator for the insults an animal has faced during its growth and
development. It also points out the health status of a mammal during different
phases of its life span. The article outlines the dental enamel hypoplasia studies in
low and high crowned mammals. It also depicts the diversity in feeding habitat of
mammals having positive results for occurrence of ...

Ali Zohaib1*, Saima Yousaf1,2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Tahira Tabassum1, Tasawer Abbas3, Wardah Muzaffar1 and Wasiq Ikram2 

...lizers occur that add to environmental pollution and reduced nutrient use efficiency. However, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are cheap and excellent alternate and can be applied as seed inoculation to enhance nutrient use efficiency along with reduced nutrient losses. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed inoculation viz. control (no treatment), Rhizobium japonicum (nitrogen fixing bacteria) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (...

Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3* 

..., are often the cause of environmental degradation and at the same are impacted by it. More than 80% of the farmers in Pakistan are resource-poor or practice subsistence farming which degrades the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for climate smart extension education for these farmers. The main purpose for this study was to examine environmental degradation/climate change as...

Misbahullah, Shad Khan Khalil, Asim Muhammad*, Afza Tabassum and Shah Fahad  

...nking water. Alternative environmental friendly methods are needed to explore possibility of weed control and enhance crop yield. Sorghum extract and their application times on weed dynamics, phenology and leaf tracts of variety Atta Habib was sown at the Research Farm of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan throughout 2015-16. Used of sorghum extract with three concentrations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), weedicide (affinity) with three different lev...
Shagufta Nighat1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1,*, Syed Israr Shah1, Amber Khalid1, Tariq Mahmood2, Ayesha Aihetasham3 and Muhammad Asif4
...als are elevating in the environment due to rapid industrialization, and other activities like, combustion of fuel, processing of metals, coal mining, automobile, lead-acid batteries, and building material.Toxic metals are bio-accumulated by insectivorous bats due to their foraging habits and high trophic level. There is a growing interest on the conservation of bats throughout the world as they play an important role in controlling insect population. We measu...
Xiao-Ying Ren1, Di Zhang2 and Wan-Long Zhu1,*
...enced by diet. Thus, the environmental factors (temperature, humidity and diet) may lead to the difference of geometric morphometry of skulls characteristics in Eothenomys.
...

Muhammad Ilyas*, Sardar Ali Khan, Shahid Iqbal Awan and Shafiq-Ur-Rehman 

...arameters under both the environmental conditions which clearly specified that non-additive gene action was present. Results indicated that the said breeding material might be better suited for heterosis breeding under drought prone semi-arid areas. 

...

Raza Ullah1* and Jamal Shah

...f agriculture to natural environment makes this sector more vulnerable to climate changes and climate induced risks including rising temperature, changes in rainfall patterns, floods, droughts and heavy rains etc. Farmers adopt available risk coping tools to minimize the impacts of such risks at farm level however, these adoptions require farmers to incur cost or forgo part of the potential benefits from agricultural production. These costs (explicit or implic...
Farheen Shaikh*, Saima Naz, Nadir Ali Birmani
...teraction depends on the environmental and ecological conditions that cause different biological and pathological problems. Chewing lice have a high capability to develop host specificity. In present study the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Insecta) were examined for their population and rate of infestation on Common quail Coturnix coturnix (Aves: Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Jamshoro and Hyderabad Districts, Sindh, Pakistan. The study was conducted duri...
Aqeel Mehboob, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Muhammad Sarmadand Maryam Bajwa
...ry part of plant. Due to environmental pollution and the incapability of toxic agents in controlling the target pests at the recommended doses of synthetic pesticides, alternative methods like botanical extract in the control of this pest consider greater importance nowadays. The antifeedant and oviposition deterrent index of Moringa oleifera, Murraya paniculata and Piper nigrum leaf extracts were evaluated against S. litura by choi...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2 
...population and different environmental factors was also studied. Average relative humidity was found positive and significantly correlated with fruit infestation. Average precipitation showed positive but non-significant correlation in case of all the cultivars except Singhnath 666 which was positive and significant. On the other hand, average temperature was found non-significant and negatively correlated in case of Brinjal Long 6275, Round Brinjal 86602 and ...
Pingping Cang1, Mingming Zhang1, Guo Qiao1,Qirui Sun1, Dehai Xu3, Qiang Li1, Xinghua Yuan4 and Wenbin Liu2,
... operating leverage, and environmental costs under experimental conditions was conducted. Analysis results revealed that BFT system was more effective than the control system with water exchange in gibel carp culture, suggesting that BFT system could be successfully used in gibel carp aquaculture.
...
Peng Song1,2, Wei Feng2, Haiying Shi2,Jinsheng Zhao3, Renmin Liu3 and Wei Xu2,*
...yes will contaminate the environment without decolorization. Bacterial decolorization generally demonstrates good color removal effects. In this study, the capability of Enterococcus avium to decolorize both water and oil-soluble azo dyes were investigated. The bacteria was incubated under static conditions in the presence of 50mg/L Amaranth or 5 mg/L Sudan I in LB media at 37°C for 10 h, and reduction of the dyes was monitored. The preferable pH fo...
Hao Gu*, Zhi Yang, Weiqiang Yu, Kan Xu and Yuan-fei Fu*
...es simulating human oral environment. After the complete experiments, capsaicin is expected to be used as adjuvant medicine to treat caries.
...

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Nosheen Fatima1, Raheel Babar3 and Ikramul Haq4  

...n-living elements of the environment known as ecosystem and biodiversity. Any disruption in this balance may result catastrophic effect on the environment including impact on plant, animal and human life. Hence, efforts to maintain a healthy biodiversity through conservation are needed. Since the life is passing through the time of global warming and climate variation, new issues for farming community are on the rise. These ...

Najeeb Ullah1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Farkhanda Khan3 and Zaki Ullah

...wth phase and unsuitable environment, respectively. Thus it is concluded that the genotype, CIM-602 sown on April 15 suits well to the study area and had the potential to optimize cotton yield and quality in irrigated condition of Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. 

...
Dur-E-Shahwar1,2, Riaz Ahmad Sheikh1, Nazia Jamil2*
...bons are found as a main environmental pollutant. Present study is focused on production of biosurfactants from indigenous bacteria, isolated from produced water and produced water contaminated soil samples collected from three selected sites of Eastern Potwar, Punjab, Pakistan. Forty seven bacteria were isolated out of which five (F1, F3, F20, F23 and C16) were selected on the basis of high optical densities of 0.7, 70% oil and grease reduction potential and ...
Juan Augusto Hernández-Rivera1, Jaime Molina-Ochoa2,*, Luis Jorge García-Márquez1, Omar Francisco Prado-Rebolledo1, Rafael Julio Macedo-Barragán1, Arturo César García-Casillas1 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah3
...greenhouse effect in the environment. This review shows and update of the crossbreeding in dairy cattle in both hemispheres. Here, is reviewed the effect of heat stress on dairy cattle; the mechanism of autoregulation; the benefits of the heterosis in crossbreeding cattle by hybridization; the body condition score in crossbred dairy cattle; the yields in crossbreds; here is also discussed that even when there have been many crossbreeding in dairy cattle, but w...

Muhammad Ali1,2*, Norsida Man2 and Farrah Melissa Muharam2 

...be influenced by a risky environment to become either risk averse or risk neutral. Indeed, less attention has been paid by researchers to empirically examine the motivation of farmers to manage their agricultural risks exclusively from the lens of Malaysia. Thus, the research was formulated to assess the motivation of farming community towards agricultural risk management in Malaysia. The research data were gathered through pre designed interview schedule from...

Rehmat Ullah* and Khalid Nawab 

...ects on human health and environment, the present study was carried out in the four districts (Dera Ismail Khan, Swat, Charsadda and Mansehra) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa selected through multi-stage sampling technique. Furthermore, four union council viz. Band Kurai, Baidara, Khanmai and Baffa from the sampled districts were selected. A total of 384 respondents were selected through unknown population sampling formulae i.e. 96 from each Union Council. Data were col...
Fariha Latif* and Muhammad Javed
...spond differently to the environmental stress conditions. Thus, the sensitivity, bioaccumulation and antioxidant capacities of three major carps Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhina mrigala towards metals mixture (Cd+Cr+Cu+Pb) were determined during present research work. Sensitivity of the three fish species (120-day old) towards metals mixture was measured in term of 96 h LC50 and lethal concentration. These acute toxicity t...
Liyan Zhang1,2, Zhidong Zhou1,3, Haiping Li1,2, Yanlong Qiao4, 5 and Yueping Zhang1,3,*
.... The complex hydrologic environment of the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters did not block gene flow among different populations, which indicates relatively high genetic homogeneity; thus, the populations should belong to the same fishery management unit. The nucleotide mismatch distribution and neutrality test results indicated that the studied S. japonicus populations experienced a recent expansion event during the late Pleistocene. At present, <...
Marian Kuczaj1, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2,*, Alicja Mizera1, Renata Pilarczyk2, Bogumiła Pilarczyk3 and Patryk Barton1
...of selected breeding and environmental factors on the results of rearing heifers of the phf red-white variety. The research included 133 cows and heifers and their offspring, i.e. 116 calves only from single pregnancies. The calves were weighed and the zoometric measurements were carried out on the day of birth, at the age of 1 month and 6 months, and daily increments were calculated in the analyzed periods. Data regarding cows included: BCS condition, ...
Catherine J. Allen
... indigenous federations, environmentalists, NGOs and intellectuals united in a critique of neoliberal development paradigms. Ecuador and Bolivia have enshrined sumak kawsay and suma qamaña in their national constitutions. How does this political discourse correspond to indigenous notions of well-being experienced in the socio-culturally diverse communities of the Andean region? I begin by focusing on inhabitants of Sonqo, a rural...

John Ogunsola1*, Richard E. Antia2, Benjamin O. Emikpe2 and Olajumoke A. Morenikeji

...of a pseudo-naturalistic environment, poor fostering ability and inadequate perinatal care. The prospects, if these challenges are addressed, are potentially humongous and rewarding. When appropriate management and health practices are put in place, wild animals in captivity can be successfully bred; thus, offering captive breeding as a veritable tool for conservation. 

...
Jesse Butler
...lations between self and environment. As contemporary exemplars of Native American and Confucian philosophy, respectively, Cordova and Tu illustrate how both worldviews exhibit ESU and thereby serve as models toward the cultivation of ecological well-being.
...

 Tazeen Jamil, Saba Ijaz, Rabia Arif*, Faiza Akram and Muhammad Saleem

...ted from two contrasting environments of Evolution Canyon i.e. harsh South facing slope and neutral North facing slope. Retroelements profiles were generated in order to detect retrotransposons. Strains from South facing slope exhibited more copy number of Ty3-gypsy, LINEs and Ty1-copia as compared to strains from North facing slope. In total, 52 fragments of Metaviridae (Ty3-gypsy), 104 fragments of LINEs and 66 fragments of Ty1-copia<...

Ragia S. Mohamed1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mamdouh. M. Hamoud1, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shimaa A.E. Nasr1, Manal M. Zaki1, ElShaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1* 

... day 4; due to the humid environmental conditions applied at room temperature. Later, the moisture content of the treated manure decreased gradually and recorded 52.5%, 40% and 32% at the 8th, 28th and 33rd days of experiment; respectively. To recapitulate, both moisture % and pH of the poultry manure is greatly affect Newcastle disease virus persistence in the farm environment which is a critical point during cleaning and p...
Tianlong Cai1, Falk Huettmann2, Kisup Lee3 and Yumin Guo1,*
...oints (1990-2013) and 14 environmental layers as predictors. Results show that the Songnen Plain and Korea Peninsula are the most important stopover habitats. Four other major areas are also suitable for stopover: (i) the coastal area of the Bohai Sea, (ii) the Three Rivers Plain-Amur River Basin, (iii) the Torey Lake Basin and the (iv) Zeya River-Heilongjiang River. The gap analysis revealed that existing nature reserves conserve merely 16.7% of the suitable ...

Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Sheraz Ahmed2*, Sultan Akbar Jadoon2, Imtiaz Ali2 and Ajmalud Din2 

...onsidered as independent environments: Mardan 2008 as environment-1; Mansehra 2008 as environment-2; Mardan 2009 as environment-3 and Mansehra 2009 as environment-4. Field trials were conducted using randomized complete block design in four replicates. Data for all traits were subjected to Griffing and Hayman analyses ...
Fukuan Du1,2, Yongkai Tang1, Juhua Yu1, Shengyan Su1, Fan Yu1, Jianlin Li1, Hongxia Li1, Meiyao Wang1 and Pao Xu1,2,*
...nt species. However, eco-environment deterioration and overfishing have almost caused extinction of the species in the Yangtze River. Therefore, it is very urgent to perform genetic research on C. nasus to protect the wild population. In this study, we sequenced the brain transcriptome of C. nasus using Illumina Hiseq 4000 platform. We obtained 123,764 unigenes with an average length of 1092 bp and a total of 115,169 putative Simple Sequence Repe...

Fady Samir1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Manal M. Zaki1, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shaimaa A. E. Nasr1, El Shaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1* 

...e) might be a reason for environmental pollution which contaminate the environment either chemically through haphazard usage of medications and or biologically through massive use of homologous/heterologous vaccines especially the live ones. The aim of the current work is to estimate the persistence time for velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of genotype VII in poultry manure in compare to LaSota vaccine strain as a mod...
Aisha Khalid1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Tahir Yaqub2, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1, Sehrish Firyal1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3
...pment of an economic and environment friendly mechanism for the production of thermostable cellulase. Production of cellulase was focused due to its diverse range of application in industry. In the present study, conditions were optimized for the maximal production of recombinant thermostable cellulase from Thermotoga naphthophila using BL21-CodonPlus (DE3) cells as expression host and pET28a as expression vector. Effect of various concentration of Isop...

Abdul Kabir1, Laiba Uroog2*, Naushad Ahmad3, Fawad Ahmad3, Muhammad Saqib3, Noor Badshah4 and Taj Ali Khan3 

...rs due to non-contagious environmental bacterial species. In Pakistan, it is the major disease of different dairy animals including bovines. However, only a little information is available about bacterial profile of the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find the Etio-prevalence of bacterial species causing subclinical mastitis in a cohort of buffaloes at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. 120 quarter samples were collected from suspected buffaloes in selected...

Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi* 

.... There is a need to use environmentally safe approaches to overcome the loss of grain yield in rice due to this disease. Climate change has a serious effect on this disease because in current scenarios cropping pattern has been changed and the stakeholders has shifted to some other crops rather the practicing ones. Since, farming community has adopted rice crop in non-core areas of Indian Sub-continent where it was out of question before this. Climate change ...

Aziz Ur Rahman* and Syed Mehar Ali Shah 

...ed to assess genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for yield and yield related traits in rice. The genetic material comprised 87 rice F5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) along with three check cultivars namely Pakhal, Kashmir Basmati and Fakhr-e-Malakand. The genetic material was planted in alpha lattice design using three replications across different locations namely Peshawar, Swat, Manshera and Charsadda of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan d...
Abid Hussain1,2, Farida Ahmed3, Shyamali C. Dharmage4, Shafiq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam5 and Zaigham Abbas1,*
...h facilities, and strict environmental regulations of air quality to manage allergic diseases in Pakistan.
...
Sun Hong1, Zhang Yifeng1, Wang Baishi2, Li Yangwei1, Xu Wenbo1, Mao Runkun1 and Wang Zhenglong1,*
...ving to endure a hypoxic environment. In this study, we used the embedded artificial tunnel method in a natural burrow system to measure oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and the temperature and humidity in the underground burrows of mandarin voles in Xinzheng, Henan Province, China during the spring and summer of 2015. Our results show that 1) the depth and complexity of the burrow were higher during summer than during ...

Abdur Rehman1*, Iqbal Javed2, Zhang Nannan3, Muhammad Niamatullah1, Raheel Saqib4 and Allah Bakhsh

...formatisation subject to environmental index. Recently the Park in Hebei province, although more modern and high standard basic farmland and so on the basis of the modern agriculture construction, but still incomplete for the system of information service, large capital needs, information service supply and demand contradiction and the lack of high-quality agricultural information personnel. The concept of informatisation can be incorporated into the construct...

Zahin Anjum1*, Farhat Shehzad1, Amina Rahat1, Hamid Ullah Shah2 and Saleem Khan3 

...at may be present in the environment as pollutants and can enter the food chain and might be carcinogenic to humans. The lead content was found high in fish with the mean value of 3.18mg/kg and the lowest values were observed in chicken with mean value of 1.38mg/kg. The chrysene, naphthalene, flourenthene and Dibenz(a,h) anthracene concentrations were also found high in fish and mutton. The observed values were greater than permissible limits determined by Cod...

Mehboob Arslan* and Xin Yang 

...trinsic factors and microenvironment established within the host cells. The pressure exerted by invading pathogen disrupts the internal balance and dictate the host-pathogen niches. For absolute survival, proliferation, and propagation inside the host cell, viruses modulate certain metabolic pathways to destabilize the host metabolism. These alterations in host metabolic signaling as a result of virus-host interaction generate a favorable
Iqra Jaffar, Zainab Sehzadi, Muhammad Adeel, Khalid P. Lone and Mehwish Faheem*
...biquitous in the aquatic environment. In the present study, freshwater fish (Labeo rohita) juveniles were exposed to low concentrations (10μg/l and 100μg/l) of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) for 7 days to evaluate oxidative stress in liver and gills by analyzing activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and by measuring lipid peroxidation (LPO). Catalase activity increased significantly in liver and gills of fish e...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
...ide residues in food and environment causing health and ecological problems. The indiscriminate use of synthetics insecticides in crop protection has also led to development of resistant strains of pests and have adverse effects on non-target organisms including natural enemies and pollinators. Amongst bio-rational insecticides, neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators (IGRs) may be exploited as eco-friendly approach in crop pest management. We therefore, e...
Xiaona Cao1,3-5, Yuanyuan Ren2-5, Xiaoteng Cui2-5, Baoxin Qian2-5, Chunyan Zhao 2-5, Jie Yang2-5, Chao Su2-5,* and Xingjie Gao2-5,*
...ls upon some unfavorable environmental stress. Previously, we found that Tudor domain containing 1 (SND1)-containing SGs actively communicate with the nuclear and cytosolic pool of HeLa cells. Here, we are interested to investigate the dynamic distribution of three nuclear proteins, including heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1), Hu Antigen R (HuR) and T cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1), in the SG aggregation and nucleus/cytoplasm localizat...
Zhengfei Wang*, Dan Tang, Xuejia Shi, Huayun Guo, Xiuping Chen, Daizheng Zhang and Boping Tang*
...l vents are very extreme environments. Bythograeidae crabs are considered the most common and abundant species and predators at the top of food chain in the hydrothermal vent ecosystem. However, the genetic basis for the adaptation of hydrothermal vents crabs to the harsh environment remains poorly explored.The objectives of this study were to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptability in vent crabs...
Wafaa M. Hikal1,2,* and Hussein A.H. Said-Al Ahl3
...nus is widespread in the environment, including the hospital water sources and medical devices especially in dental units and dialysis machines. It poses a threat to public health as it is responsible for human infection. In inappropriate conditions, it forms cyst with high levels of resistance to disinfection methods. The aim of this study was to isolate the pathogen from the dental units and hospital water network and treatment of Acanthamoeba with
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...rae have led to many environmental and health problems urging to seek out environment-friendly and safe alternate strategies to control D. mangiferae. To this end, the present study evaluated the methanolic extracts and essential oils of eight indigenous plant species for their insecticidal potential against 2nd instar D. mangiferae individuals. Standard twig-dip method was used for toxicity bioa...

Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3 

...culation in the Egyptian environment in spite of vaccination with classical vaccine strains.  

...
Rana Waqas Arshad1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Kamran Ashraf2 and Raheela Akhtar1,*
... were placed in the same environmentally controlled house. Samples of blood and bursa of Fabricius were collected from slaughtered birds after every 7 days till the end of experiment (35 days). The size of bursas and the bursa/body weight ratios were significantly greater in live vector vaccine group than other vaccinal groups. ELISA revealed high antibody titre in live vector vaccine group and a partial protection was observed in birds vaccinated with immune ...

Shumaila Sadiq1,2*, Abdul Saboor2, Fouzia Jamshaid3, Abdul Qayyum Mohsin2 and Azeem Khalid

...icient with the changing environment so they may be encouraged for cooperative farming. Climate change vulnerability monitoring may be beneficial for policy makers in policy formulation and implementation processes to develop zone specific sustainable adaptation strategies particularly to improve farmers’ food security, economic situation and education in Pakistan. 

...

Asad Ullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad1*, Amir Raza2, Farmanullah Khan3 and Muhammad Sharif3 

Sadaf Rahim and Mudassar Iqbal* 

...agro-chemical product as environmental friendly biodegradable organic insecticides. 

...

Muhammad Shafique, Nosheen Noor Elahi*, Muhammad Rashid, Amjad Farooq and Kausar Hussain Shah

... conducted under natural environment to evaluate the effect of PGPR on biomass production, nitrogen and proteins percentage of four mung bean varieties under different NaCI levels in sand culture after 5,7 and 9 weeks of sowing. Both inoculated and uninoculated plants were grown on mineral medium that were N-free either without NaCI or with a range of NaCI (20, 50,100, 200 and 300mM). Dry weight of plants was increased at 0-50mM NaCl and decreased at 100-300mM...
Wen-Feng Li1, Rong-Yue Zhang1, Chun-Hua Pu2, Jiong Yin1, Zhi-Ming Luo1, Xiao-Yan Wang1, Xiao-Yan Cang1, Hong-Li Shan1 and Ying-Kun Huang1,*
...ies while protecting the environment and maintaining ecological balance. Moreover, through enhanced comprehensive pest control, sustainable development of the sugar industry will be promoted.

 

...

Waqas Raza*, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar and Muhammad Imran Hamid 

...ending on the prevailing environmental conditions, soil type, prevailing of different mating types and the vulnerability of the crop under plantation 

...
Hui Wang1, Lin Wang1, Xuanlu Li1, Shanshan Li1, Yongqiang Zhao2, Shicheng Lv2, Xinrong Xu1, Guang Yang1 and Bingyao Chen1,*
...re reserve in China. The environmental capacity of its core zone of 225.96 km2 area is approaching saturation, and more and more birds have begun to utilize the buffer zone. We conducted a line transect survey in December 2010 to estimate bird density and evaluate the importance of the buffer zone. As a result, 34 protected species among the 4975 individuals were sighted, including 127 red-crowned cranes (Grus japonensis) and 868 common crane...
Mujahid Niaz Akhtar* and Amjad Farooq
...onducted to evaluate the environmental changes on cotton bollworms like Pink Bollworm (PBW), Spotted Bollworm (SBW) and American bollworms (ABW) present in Multan (Southern Punjab), Pakistan. The experimental data was collected from spring 2014 to fall 2016. Eggs and adults count of these bollworms were counted throughout the cropping season. Statistix (Version 8.1) were used to analyzed the data statistically. The mean values were compared at the significance...

Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar, Muhammad Imran Hamid, Mubashar Raza, Waqas Raza*, Misbah Iqbal Qamar 

... considering the growth, environmental conditions favoring the disease suppression. 

...
Zakirullah1, Hamayun Khan1, Ali Gohar2, Haq Amanullah1,*, Muhammad Younas1, Muhammad Tarique Tunio3, Muhammad Saleem Khan4, Ibrar Muhammad Khan1 and Noushad Khan5 
...bulls under the existing environmental conditions.
...

Durr-e-Nayab*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil, Fida Mohammad and Shad Khan Khalil 

... (December, 15) planting environment using a triplicate Randomized Complete Block design. Genotype × environment interac tion across the two environments was significant for spikes plant-1, spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, spike density, 1000-grain weight and grain yield plant-1. Line × tester interaction effect was also highly significant for all traits under both normal as...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2,*, Hareem Mansoor1, Sana Khan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
...ll as the concerns about environmental hazards and emergence of resistance against these insecticides, the current project was designed to figure out the lethal concentration (LC50) of emamectin, abamectin and spinosad alone and in various conbinations such as abamectin:emamectin (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3) and abamectin:spinosad (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3) against two larval instars (4th and 6th) of MBDIN and Lahore populati...

Sajjad Ali1, Atta-ur-Rahman1 and Sher Ali2* 

... out the impact of built environment on land use of tehsil Takht Bhai, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, for the period of 1985-2015. Spatial techniques like Geographic information system and remote sensing are used to detect land use changes. This study is carried out at three levels; initially the whole tehsil is studied for land use change analysis by comparing 1985 and 2015 Landsat images. Secondly, four sample union councils were targeted for medium level analysis. Thi...

Muhammad Ilyas* and Fida Mohammad 

...n: justify;">Genotype by environment (GE) interaction complicates selection process of desirable genotypes. Therefore, newly developed germplasm or genotypes needs to be evaluated in multi-environment trials (METs) to know yield potential and adaptability. This experiment was designed to interpret GE interaction using 55 F5:8 bread wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with five checks. Experimental material was planted usin...

Muhammad Sharif1*, Sadullah1, Ghulam Rasool2, Muhammad Nasir Khan1, Zubair Rehman1, Ahmed Khan2, Ijaz Ahmad3 and Khalid Hussain4 

...mproves soil properties, environment friendly and provide sufficient crop yield. Conservation tillage system is successfully practiced worldwide as a resource conserving techniques. Therefore, an experiment was conducted under the treatments, i.e. conventional tillage (CT), Zero tillage (ZT) and Chisel plough (CP) during the year 2016 at the field research area of Balochistan Agriculture College, Quetta. The study was designed to compare conventional versus co...
Min Li1,2, Jingjing Wang3, Suxian Hu3, Philip Stott4, Baoqing Lin5, Lianshan Li5, Hui Liu1, Heng Bao1, Duoying Cui6 and Guangshun Jiang1,* 
...v>Wildlife interact with environmental variables at different spatial scales. We undertook point counts of birds in the Xianghai wetland reserve of northeastern China from 2000 to 2009, and used remote sensing and GIS technologies to map land cover types. We linked cover types to avian species richness, evenness, and Shannon’s diversity using a stepwise linear regression model and regressions of proportions of cover types at different spatial scales. We ...
Muhammad Ramzan1, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1*, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Ghulam Murtaza2, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1 and Faisal Manzoor1
Taimoor Khalid*, Asad Ullah and Mussawar Shah
...o illegal forest use the environmental services are greatly reduced (P=0.000), people are illegally occupying forest land (P=0.000), implementation of forest law is not same for all (P=0.000), timber permits are issued illegally to rich and powerful (P=0.000), due to illegality in forest management the forest management is not sustainable (P=0.000) and forest are cut without permission (P=0.000). Bringing forest department out of political influence and fair i...

Muhammad Zubair1, Sagheer Ahmad2*, Awais Rasool1, Muhammad Asad Farooq1 and Ibni Amin Khalil3
 

...eld and stability across environments via Genotype and Genotype × Environment (GGE)-Biplot Technique to identify best potential varieties of sugarcane for a region. Nineteen varieties of sugarcane were assessed in seven environmentally different locations of Pakistan for their yield response. Experiment at each location was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with ...
Rafiq-ur-Rehman1*, Zahoor Ahmad1, Wiqar Ahmad2, Muhammad Mansoor3 and Shah Masaud1
... crops is economical and environmentally sound activity in crops production. Response of mungbean cultivar (Inqalab Mung) inoculated with four strains of rhizobium (TAL-634, TAL-169, NARC-BK and NARC-M) was evaluated during two consecutive years 2015 and 2016 at the Agricultural Research Institute, Rata Kulachi, Dera Ismail Khan (31º 49/ N latitude and 70º 55/ East longitude), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current experiments were carried out in ...
Zelle Huma1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1 and Farman Ali2
...ion is directed that the environment of these districts are appropriate for EPNs presence.
...

Muhammad Shahzad Akbar*, Maria Aslam, Muhammad Rehan Khalid, Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed 

...n-target effects such as environment contamination. This laboratory study evaluated the toxicity of methanolic extracts of eight flowers i.e. Mexican marigold (Tagetes lucida), African marigold (Tegates erecta), tecoma (Tecoma stans), calendula (Calendula officinalis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), lily (Lilium longiflorum) and chrysanthemum (Glebionis segetum) against the worker individuals of subterranean termite Odontotermes ...

Muhammad Abdul Rahman1*, Abdul Saboor1, Gulnaz Hameed1, Ghulam Bilal2 and Farooq Tanwir3 

... on identifying critical environmental hazardous factors (CEHFs), threatening health and production of dairy production system in Pakistan under climate change scenario. Expert Judgment approach is employed to identify and then rank most significant CEHFs that are related to emerging security hazards to dairy system. These CEHFs are then stitched with existing body of literature to consolidate our findings. Results comprised key CEHFs affecting occurrence of s...

Jahangir Khan1*, Abbasullah Jan1, Kar Ho Lim2, Syed Attaullah Shah1*, Aditya R Khanal2 and Ghaffar Ali1 

...tion, health concern and environment concern of pesticides use also influence the WTP. Findings from this study help in assessing the market potential for pesticides-free fruits in Pakistan 

...

Sibgha Noreen*, Sumrina Faiz, Muhammad Salim Akhter, Kausar Hussain Shah 

...s L.) grown under saline environment (150 mM NaCl). The results showed that salinity stress (150 mM) resulted into significant decrease in biomass accumulation of sunflower up to 50%, while it was improved by 80% in control by the foliar application of osmoprotectants. Chlorophyll (Chl-a, chl b and total chlorophyll) contents were also decreased significantly due to saline environment; however, there was improvement of 288.5...
Hafiza Sadaf Zahra1, Asia Iqbal2, Sayyeda Hira Hassan1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Muhammad Khan1*, Muhammad Irfan3, Chaman Ara1, Shaukat Ali4
...ases are associated with environmental factors. Artificial light at night (ALAN) is considered one of the major environmental risk factors for breast cancer. It inhibits production of melatonin (MLT) from pineal gland which results in abnormal epigenetic changes that relates with an increased risk of BC. The most important ALAN-mediated epigenetic changes include methylation of DNA and acetylation of histone, which are signi...
Mehwish Faheem1*, Maleeha Rafeeq1, Aisha Majeed1 and Saba Khaliq2
...e presence of BPA in the environment
...
Barkat Ali1,2, Wasim Sajjad1,2,3, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Sahib Zada1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Fariha Hasan1,*
...roorganisms from unusual environments, such as reported from the surface and inside of rocks are a repository of certain metabolites that might be able to solve the problem of increasing resistance against antibiotics. The present study was designed to isolate endolithic and epilithic bacterial strains from the rapidly weathering rocks collected from Nathiagali, Pakistan to characterize and screen them for antimicrobial activity. The isolates were identified b...
Fariha Latif1*, Muhammad Javed2, Hammad Ahmad Khan2 and Khalil-Ur-Rehman3
...ersistent in the aquatic environment. The main objective of this study was to assess the time and dose dependent effects of Pb on bioaccumulation and oxidative stress in the liver, kidney, gills, muscles and brain of Cirrhina mrigala. The 120-days old fish were exposed to 1/4th (11.81mgL-1) and 2/3rd (31.49mgL-1) of 96-h LC50 of water-borne Pb for three fortnights (42 days) in glass aquaria at pH 7....

Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry2, Muhammad Irfan3, Muhammad Khan1, Shaukat Ali4 and Saima Shahzad Mirza5 

...y metals contents in the environment during different seasons. These results revealed the potential of fish scales to depict the metal profile of water bodies without sacrificing the animals. 

...

Hassnain1, Abdul Basit1*, Mehboob Alam1, Imran Ahmad1, Izhar Ullah1, Noor Alam2, Inayat Ullah3, Muhammad Areeb Khalid1, Muhammad Shair4 and Noor ul Ain1 

... a control (Glass house) environment. Different concentrations of chitosan (0, 50, 100,150 mg L-1) and various water stress intervals (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) were given to tomato plants from 15 days after transplantation. Results showed that various application of chitosan and water stress interval had a significant (P< 0.01) effect on almost all studied parameter. Tomato plants treated with 6 days water stress interval had maximum average plant height (...
Hazrat Ali1,2,*, Ezzat Khan1,* and Muhammad Jamal Nasir3
... Pakistan. The different environmental samples were collected from the river, downstream the city of Peshawar, and analyzed for the selected heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Heavy metal accumulation was studied in muscles of six fish species collected from the river. Heavy metal accumulation was also studied in other tissues such as skin, gills, liver and kidneys of two fish species i.e., Clupisoma naziri and Mastacembelus ...
Ammara Blouch1, Ata ul Mohsin2, Muhammad Naeem2 and Rashid Mahmood1*
...ticides under controlled environmental conditions. Bio pesticides are important alternates for chemical control of economically damaging insect pests like leaf worm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius. In this study, two commercial products including Dipel with Bt sub speciess kurstaki and Turex with Bt sub speciess kurstaki and aizawai were tested against three early larval instars of S. litura under laboratory...

Shazia Akhtar1, Abdul Samad1*, Afshan Gohar1, Muhammad Munir Shahid2, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Arslan Sarwer1, Adnan Khan1 and Karam Ahad1 

...nd the public health and environmental consequences resulting from the misuse of pesticides is alarming. Proper training is required to handle the pesticides for farmers in peach orchards of Swat, Malakand Division. There should also be monitoring of the health status of farm workers.  

...
Mubasher Ahmad Malik1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad2, Muhammad Jalal Arif1 and Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*
...s which are safer to the environment and compatible with human health. The present study was conducted to investigate the insecticidal properties of native isolated Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PxGV) and Azadirachta indica (AZA) on mortality and development of P. xylostella under laboratory conditions. Both AZA and PxGV were applied alone and in integrated manners at LC20 and LC50 dose rates. The combination of 3...

Muhammad Sohail1*, Imtiaz Hussain2, Maqsood Qamar2, Sikander Khan Tanveer2, Syed Haider Abbas2, Zeshan Ali1 and Muhammad Imtiaz3 

...iting factors in rainfed environment, especially during reproductive growth stages. However, variability might exist among wheat genotypes in response to stressful conditions. The objective of the study was to test the climatic adaptability potential of the wheat genotypes using canopy temperature measurement as physiological indicator. The trial was comprised of forty spring wheat genotypes which were sown on normal and late planting dates to create variable ...

Muhammad Asim1*, Asghari Bano2, Sikander Khan Tanveer3 and Muhammad Umair Aslam

...ed by various genotypic, environmental and crop management factors. In this study, we elaborated the role of these factors, in rainfed agro-ecology, using data of six genotypes, grown in four sowing windows over six years. The rainfed wheat productivity is predominantly determined by environmental conditions, particularly rainfall induced moisture availability. Hence, the best match between sowing time and the
Nurlybay Kazhgaliyev1*, Talgat Kulmagambetov2, Dulat Ibrayev1, Saule Bostanova1 and Zhanat Titanov1
...ging climate and altered environment can significantly impact the adaptation traits among different animal species.We describe here the rationale and economics of adaptation of Aberdeen Angus and Hereford beef-producing animals brought from Canada and the Netherlands to Northern Kazakhstan. In order to investigate common zootechnic methods, daughters of imported Aberdeen Angus and Hereford cows were grouped at the age of 18-19 months with a live weight of no l...
R. Yasmeen1*, S. Shaheen1, B.N. Khan2, S.S. Bokhari1, U. Rafi1 and A.W. Qurashi1
...e of these metals in the environment, different invasive and non-invasive techniques are used. In the present study, enclosure of Axis axis commonly known as spotted dear was selected from Lahore and Bahawalpur zoo. Non-invasive technique was used to monitor heavy metal exposure and both biological (faecal, feed) and non-biological (water, soil) samples were collected. Soil was collected from different depths (6, 12, 18 inches) to study deposition patte...

Muhammad Israr1*, Helen Ross2, Shakeel Ahmad3, Nafess Ahmad4 and Urooba Pervaiz5

...rticipation/empowerment, environment, health, education, and standard of living. We apply the methodology to a study in northern Pakistan. The index of multidimensional poverty demonstrates that alongside the other dimensions there is severe poverty in terms of environment, empowerment/ participation, and wealth dimensions. The measure of intensity of the poverty shows that 55% of the population was severely poor while the M...

Ajmalud Din1*, Munir Ahmad2, Fahad Masoud Watto2, Sheraz Ahmed1, Imtiaz Ali1 and Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah

...isture stress and normal environmental conditions. High variations were recorded for cell membrane stability, relative water content and osmotic adjustment which indicated the suitability of these traits as selection criterion for drought tolerance. Significant association was observed between chlorophyll and proline content. Osmotic adjustment was significantly correlated with relative water content and cell membrane stability. According to obtained results, ...
Muhammad Asif Gondal, Qazal Waheed, Sana Tariq, Waseem Haider, Aisha Khan, Qudsia Rasib and Haroon Ahmed*
... of freshwater snails to environmental factors. However, only 3 species of snail were found from the 13 sites of Islamabad during the period of study. The presence of the snails like Melanoides tuberculata, Indoplanorbis exustus and Gyraulus convexiusculus belonging to Family Planorbidaeand Family Thiaridae. Freshwater snail samples were collected from Islamabad and Rawalpindi in screw capped sterilized bottles from various localities during the ...
Bhandari Jyoti1,2, Yasen Shali3, Zhang Zehua4, Yao Xiaoho5, Deng Jiang3, Zhang Yaling5, Wang Cuiling5, Li Yang5, Lei Xueping5, Wang Wenfeng5, Mohammad Farooque Hassan6 and Li Can1,*
...that insect behavior and environmental conditions co-influence the population density and spatial distribution pattern of this pest.
...

Malak Atiq Ullah Khan1*, Fida Mohammad2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Sheraz Ahmad2, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Tariq Kamal

...wheat cultivars. A multi-environment trial (MET) was conducted to assess the pattern of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) effects on yield using multiple stability models viz. Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), GGE biplot analysis and stability parameters. Eighty-one wheat genotypes were evaluated during three consecutive years (2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16) across nine ...
Hong-mei Gao, Wen-long Su, Gui-bin Tao, Han-yang Li, Wen-zheng Cao and Zhi-dong Qiu*
...>and reverse the BM microenvironmental signals, and this could provide an idea to attenuate anemia in chemotherapy.
...
Guoan Yin1,2, Lei Wang1, Xiaoyu Zhao1, LangchaoYu1, Liwei Guan1 and 
Dapeng Huang1,2*
... pregnancy and lactation environments on Postures of primiparous sows during lactation. This study has investigated the postures of lactating primiparous sows raised in the crates or free pens during pregnancy and lactation. Total 12 gilts were reared in three types of environments randomly during pregnancy and lactation, including gestation pens and farrowing crates (PC), gestation pe...
Muhammad Faheem Akbar1,*, Muhammad Abdul Haq2, Imtiaz Ahmad1, Vasileva Viliana3 and Amjad Sultan1
...sidues in food and their environmental impacts, this study designed to find out the biological degradation of conventional and bio pesticides sprayed on cauliflower crop. Bio pesticides are environment-friendly products and highly biodegradable with low persistency and residual effects. Imidacloprid, endosulfan and profenofos were selected as convectional, while spinosad and biosal (neem compound) as bio pesticides, and were...
Muneer Abbas1*, Muhammad Ramzan1, Khalid Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1 and Sohail Abbas2
... and feasible having low environmental risks having minimum percent foliage, pod and gain damage of 2.09, 0.71 and 0.29, respectively with 0.13 larval population/plant, maximum yield of 875 kg/ha with 68.84 % yield increase over control under current investigations. Light traps had ideal MCBR of 13.3 with net income Rs. 32000 followed by B. thuringiensis and hand picking having net income Rs. 11150 and 10300, respectively. T. chilonis and T-bird ...
Veli Sel1, Isa Yilmaz2,* and Mete Yanar3
...stigate the role of some environmental factors affecting the somatic cells count (SCC) in the farms of Anatolian water buffalos in Igdir. For this purpose, a total of 637 milk samples gathered from 91 animals raised in 54 farms were analyzed and statistically evaluated. The age and education level of the farmers and the effect of the milker on the SCC were found to be significant (P <0.001). SCC value (65.930 ± 2.484 cells/ml) was found to be the low...
Zhi Yi Jin and Shao Ming Qin*
...ect woodland and aquatic environments because Scaly-sided Merganser have high requirements for safety and water conditions under both landscape and micro-habitat scales.
...

Muhammad Asif Farooq1*, Muhammad Jalal Arif1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi1, Bilal Atta2 and Ahmad Nawaz

...ered as an effective and environment-friendly approach to managing pests. The present study was conducted at different locations in the Multan District, Punjab Province, Pakistan for two consecutive years 2016-17 to devised four IPM modules (PRMM-1, PRMM-2, PRMM-3, and PRMM-4) for mango to evaluate their impact on insect pests, pesticide residues and yield in mangoes. The modules were based on a combination of different IPM tactics to suppress the pest populat...
Dongping Liu1, Guogang Zhang1, Chao Wang2, Baoping Qing2 and Jun Lu1,*
...species under a changing environment.
...

Muhammad1*, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Syed Akhtar Ali Shah1 

...he goal is to reduce the environmental damages, enhance food supply, increase employment opportunities and broke the vicious circle of poverty. This study performs a focalized analysis and investigates the influencing factors of urban farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for organic fertilizer in District Mardan, Pakistan. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used and data were randomly collected from 384 heads of the household of urban farmers. Data w...

Attique Ahmed1, Tariq Sultan1, Ghulam Qadir2, Obaid Afzal2*, Mukhtar Ahmed5, Shamim-Ul-Sibtain Shah3, Muhammad Asif4, Safdar Ali2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood

...t practices genotype and environmental conditions may also affect the growth and nutrient uptake. PGPR and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in combination with synthetic fertilizers can enhance crop productivity and soil fertility. Present experiment aimed to investigate the effect of PGPR and PSB inoculation with T1 Control (Recommended NP), T2 (PGPR-1 + PSB + ¾ N + ¾ P),T3 (PGPR-2 +PSB +¾ N + ¾ P), T4 (PGPR-3 + PSB + ¾...
Qaisra Siddique1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3

 

...marker for assessing the environmental stress due to these pesticides.
...

Ahmad Naeem Shahzad1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi2, Samee Ullah1, Muhammad Latif3, Shakeel Ahmad1 and Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari1* 

...to survive under adverse environmental conditions. The current study emphasizes the ameliorative role of trehalose, in mitigating the detrimental effects of salt stress, in cotton plants. Three concentrations of trehalose (0, 5 and 50 mM) were applied to plant foliage, subjected to varying levels (0, 11 and 17 dSm-1) of salinity. Salt stress disturbed the sodium and potassium concentrations in leaves and roots of plants. Different morphological traits of plant...
Wen Qin1,2, YanGan Huang1, Lei Wang1, Gonghua Lin1, Jundong Yang1,2, Pengfei Song1,2, Hongmei Gao1,2, Jingjie Zhang1,2 and Tongzuo Zhang1,3,*
...ve in arid and semi-arid environments. In Qinghai Province, goitered gazelle are found only in the Qaidam Basin, which shows pronounced seasonal changes ranging from cold, dry winters to short, hot summers. The gut microbiota plays a very important role in host health, immunity, and digestion. Therefore, seasonal changes in gut microbiota can affect host digestion and metabolism in ways that help the host adapt to different forage conditions. Understanding the...
Saeed Fatima1, Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Usman Atique2,3*, Arshad Javid4, Noor Khan2, Sonia Iqbal2, Hamid Majeed5, Hamda Azmat2, Bakhat Yawar Ali Khan6, Irfan7, Muhammad Tausif Shahid1, Gulnaz Afzal1
...al concentrations in the environment. Similarly, a higher concentration of Cd was observed in water (0.78 ppm) and sediment (0.64 ppm) samples. In acquiescence to the above-given outcomes, the metal concentration hierarchical arrangement in sediment and water was identical to the witnessed in fish species (Cd > As > Hg). In conclusion, this study established that selected metals level in HP water and sediments displayed levels higher than the permissible...

Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Riyasat Sultan 

...eflected the distinctive environmental and socio-economic conditions. The system and schedule devised by the local population is based on indigenous knowledge and is for the better management of forests, grasses and agriculture resources. According to field survey, availability of fodder (grasses) at the pastures, ban on cutting of grasses and grazing in the village, management of land at pastures, refuge from scorching heat of summer are the major causes of s...

Faisal Hafeez, Asad Aslam*, Ayesha Iftikhar, Afifa Naeem, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar and Muhammad Jawad Saleem 

... harmless for nature and environment

...
Omer Draz1, Xijun Ni2, Khizar Samiullah1,*, Riffat Yasin1, Rana Mehroz Fazal1, Sakeela Naz1, Saleem Akhtar1, Mahpara Gillani1 and Muzammil Ejaz1
...gical features and palaeoenvironment of the described species.
...
Afzal Nimra1, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Safdar Sidra 2, Rida Ahmad1
...aints, indoor equipment, environmental tobacco smoke) and outdoor (dust, soil and fuel combustion) sources. The hospitals were located on busy roads, where high vehicular emissions probably emit trace metal pollutants. 
 

Muhammad Medrar Hussain*, Asad Jan* and Sayyar Khan Kazi 

...an population. Different environmental stresses greatly affect cash crops. Among these, drought is a serious abiotic stress effecting rice productivity. Therefore, the current study was designed to know the role of OsTZF8 gene in conferring tolerance to drought stress. For this purpose, OsTZF8 gene was over-expressed in Oryza sativa subspecies indica variety Swat-1. Through Agrobacterium mediated transformation, OsTZF8 gene (pBIG-Ubi-OsTZF8) was successfully t...

Muhammad Salim1*, Ayhan Gökçe1, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash1 and Orkun Ersoy

...yer. In order to develop environmentally sound control programs for in sito management of granary weevils, it will be necessary to expand the present study based on life table to get a comprehensive understanding and to determine the effect DE has on granary weevils and other grain pests when it is combined with plant extracts. 

...

Shah Nawaz Khuhro1*, Irshad Ali Junejo1, Muhammad Haroon Hullio1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan2, Sultan Ahmed Maitlo3 and Mukhtiar Ahmed Shaikh

... on human health and the environment is a main public health issue in Pakistan. These negative effects of pesticides can be minimized by awareness to the growers focusing more on alternative methods for sustainable crop production and by reducing the use of pesticides and trainings on pest counting helps in sustainable pesticide usage in Pakistan. Randomly 66 farmers were selected to conduct the interview for background information about the growers’ sta...

Ayesha Zafar1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sarfraz2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3 and Ghulam Murtaza

...an. The plants in saline environment are negatively affected due to several issues like low osmotic potential, specific ion effect, and nutritional imbalance. The fertilizer behavior in salt stress conditions is quite different as compared to the normal soils. Linseed is an important oil seed crop. Its 50 % yield reduction occurs at ECe 5.9 dSm-1 and ESP value of 25-30. A field experiment was conducted on saline sodic soils to determine fertilizer requirement ...
Muhammad Mohibullah1*, Mehran1, Sundas Batool1, Muhammad Amin1, Zakiullah1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Irfanullah1, Abdur Rehman1 and Sardar Ali3
...cted primary presence of environment in the performance of chickpea genotypes for the said parameters. Overall, the gcv and pcv were low to moderate for majority of the parameters. Highest amount of gcv and pcv were recorded for seed yield per plant (30.48 and 32.00%) and secondary branches per plant (20.47 and 24.29%), respectively. High broad sense heritability and genetic gain values were also noted in seed yield plant-1 and 2ndry bran...

Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood2*, Mushtaq Ahmad2, Imtiaz Ali3, Muhammad Saleem1, Irfan Rasool1 and Zeshan Ali

...s was carried out in two environments i.e. under moisture stress and non-stress environment following randomized complete block design at Gram Breeding Research Station, Kallurkot, Punjab, Pakistan during rabi season of 2018-19. Under moisture stress conditions, highly significant positive correlation was exhibited by drought tolerance efficiency (DTE) with final grain yield followed by seed weight (SW) and pods plant-1(NPP)...

Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Waqas Raza1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Waseem Abbas1, Shehzad Iqbal1 and Ashara Sajid

...), aphid population, and environmental factors are normally used to monitor the disease severity as these factors are interconnected. In the present study, ten potato varieties viz., FSD white, FD 8-1, FD 71-1, Tota 704, Kuruda, FD 74-41, FD 76-24, SH 216-A, N 96-25 and FD 74-50 were evaluated against PLRV. The range of disease incidence was from 15.93% to 64.58%. Moreover, susceptible reaction was observed in five varieties (FD 71-1, Tota-704, FSD white, FD 7...
Imad Hassan1, Bilal-ur-Rehman2, Muhammad Amir2, Faheem Ali2*, Salman Ilahi2 and Amjad Ali3 
...ects on human health and environment. Consequently, it becomes important to have a simple and cost effective solution to avoid the problems of air pollution due to the combustion of biomass. Using an Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is an effective method for the removal of particulate matter from industrial processes and boilers. This research proposes the development of a cost effective, simple and compact ESP, through practical installation and efficiency a...

Abdul Raqeeb1,3, Syed Moazzam Nizami2,4*, Aamir Saleem3, Lubna Ansari3, Saeed Gulzar3, Basit Ali3, Masooma Saleem5
 

...e and importance of microenvironment in regional and national forest inventories. The study provides a comprehensive tool for estimating volume and biomass, thereby resulting in an accurate assessment of carbon sequestration and stocking in cedar dominated forest ecosystem in the region. 

...

Naeem A. Mughal1*, Yasmin Nergis1 

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL MINING CONCERNS AT THAR COAL FIELDS AND THEIR REMEDIES

Muhammad Nafees Khan1, Iftikhar Hussain2, Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Ullah2, Shehzad Ali Jamshed4 

THE EFFECTS OF TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE ASPECTS ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE
...uch
a competitive environment, organizations can compete effectively by utilizing the potential of its human resource. While
managing human resources, it is important to provide such facilities to the employees which result in yielding best
employees’ performance. Several organizations, however, struggle to manage performance of their employees. The
key research question which this study set out to answer was to see the effect...

Kifayat Ullah*1, Tahir Mahmood2, Naeem Jan3, Zeeshan Ali4 

A NOTE ON GEOMETRIC AGGREGATION OPERATORS IN T-SPHERICAL FUZZY ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN MULTI-ATTRIBUTE DECISION MAKING
...sed in T-spherical fuzzy environment and elaborated with
a numerical example. The results obtained are analyzed and their advantages over existing structures are studied.

...

Rashid Nawaz*1, Iftikhar Hussain1, Sikandar Bilal Khattak1 

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IDENTIFICATION AND PRIORITIZATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
...elieved to influence the environmental
sustainability of cement production of Pakistan. Environmental sustainability decision requires a scientific approach of
identifying and prioritization of KPIs. The cement industries are confronted with challenges to implement sustainable
manufacturing processes. The data gathered through questionnaire distributed among 213 respondents representing
24 cement ...

Zulfiqar Ali Soomro1* 

NOISE CONTROL FILTRATION OF LATERAL AND YAW DYNAMICS FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE WHEELSET ON TRACK
...is created deteriorating environment on deranged railway vehicle speed in any direction of basic
degree of freedom. In this paper, Brief applicable mathematic is used framed for necessary modeling. The estimation
of perturbations for the movement by wheels and velocity of train in lateral and yaw phases are enumerated.
Here dual bucy kalman estimator is implemented to decrease the influence of the noise caused due improper ratio
of ...

Daulat Khan1*, Khizar Azam2, Noor Muhammad Khan1, Muhammad Israr1, Naeem Ejaz3 

ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER FOR DISPOSAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH NEQS CRITERIA AND ITS REUSE FOR IRRIGATION WITH DILUTION

 M. Ihsan Ul Haq1, Ahmad Hussain2*, Farzana Yasmeen3, Shafiq R. Qureshi4

LIFE CYCLE COSTING AND PAYBACK PERIOD EVALUATION OF A SOLAR THERMAL DESALINATION SYSTEM
...r /> cause economic and environmental problems due to their dependency upon fossil fuels. Solar flash desalination
is one of the best desalination techniques in the developing stages. Solar energy, passive vacuum and recovery of
latent heat of condensation make this system a sustainable option for desalination. In this paper, economic analysis
of the solar thermal desalination system of saline water is presented. The unit cost of desalina...

Naseem Ahmad1, Sahar Noor1, Rehman Akhtar1*, Misbah Ullah1, Khizar Azam2 

PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF COMPRESSOR TO RECOVER FLARE GAS USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT TECHNIQUES
...br /> minimizes harmful environmental impacts and achieve financial benefits. 

...

Muhammad Aamir1*, Riaz Muhammad1, Naseer Ahmed1, Muhammad Sadiq2, Muhammad Waqas3, Izhar1 

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAD FREE SOLDER ALLOY FOR GREEN ELECTRONICS UNDER HIGH STRAIN RATE AND THERMAL AGING
...br /> harmful effect on environment. The current work is focused on the examination of thermal aging and strain rates
on mechanical properties of Sn96.5-Ag3.0-Cu0.5 (SAC305) LFS alloy. The selected thermal aging temperatures are 60
°C, 100 °C and 140 °C. Strain rates are measured at 10/s, 20/s, 30/s and 40/s. The microstructure examination
before and after thermal aging is carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) f...

Khuram Rashid1, Saroosh Danish2, Muhammad Akram Tahir3 

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON UTILIZATION OF WASTE RUBBER TIRES AS FILLER IN CONCRETE
...red as a sustainable and environment friendly solution. Experiments were designed
by incorporating coarse and fine rubber content as partial substitution of conventional aggregates. Seven mixtures
were proportioned; one mixture with conventional aggregates was the control specimen, three mixtures were casted
by replacing fine aggregate by waste rubber tires powder and remaining three were proportioned by replacing coarse
aggregate b...

Faisal Shabbir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir* 

INVESTIGATION OF USING PAPER INDUSTRY WASTE (HYPO SLUDGE) IN CONCRETE MIX
...In order to address such environmental issues related to cement manufacturing
there is dire need of replacing cement with other binders to be used in concrete. This study investigates the utilization of waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) in concrete. WPSA was partly replaced in the ratios of 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent of cement. Specimens were tested for initial setting time, final setting time, mechanical strengths (i.e. compressive and tensile strength) and ...

Anwar Ullah*, Sabir Islam*, Sikandar Bilal Khattak*, Safi Ur Rahman**, Shahid Maqsood*, Misbah Ullah*, Rehman Akhtar*, Rashid Nawaz* 

MAINTENANCE SYSTEM FOR HEAVY EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT
...tive of the
rough environment it works in. The analysis includes segregation, Pareto analysis and Five Why analysis. A dedicated
maintenance model is proposed which includes checklist and proper maintenance schedule. 

...

Waqas Anwar, Iftikhar Hussain 

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN RESTIVE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN AND REMAINING PART OF COUNTRY
...port, insecure operating environment, difficult terrain, dearth of previously existing infrastructure, centuries old traditional cultural underpinnings, non-availability of skilled manpower / plant and machinery, non-acceptability of allied contractors, and larger operating distances of sites from base camps.

The paper identifies dynamics and variables in order of preference using multi-variant analysis for low productivity in restive regions. The auth...

Waqas Anwar, Iftikhar Hussain 

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN RESTIVE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN AND REMAINING PART OF COUNTRY
...port, insecure operating environment, difficult terrain, dearth of previously existing infrastructure, centuries old traditional cultural underpinnings, non-availability of skilled manpower / plant and machinery, non-acceptability of allied contractors, and larger operating distances of sites from base camps.

The paper identifies dynamics and variables in order of preference using multi-variant analysis for low productivity in restive regions. The auth...

Sajjad Haydar*, Zunaira Asif*, A. A. Bhatti**, Obaidullah Nadeem***, Ghulam Hussain*, Nadeem Abbas*

EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN THE PUNJAB TANNERY SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF DADA TANNERY
... international buyers on environmental compliance, during tanning process, has forced this sector to install
wastewater treatment plants to address the issue. This study aims to evaluate the performance of wastewater
treatment plant (WWTP) of a local tanning industry. Raw wastewater showed high concentration of organic matter
and Chromium. Phosphorous concentration was found deficient for satisfactory biological treatment. W...

Wisal Shah*, Muhammad Nafees**, Muhammad Iqbal***

EVALUATION OF MARBLE SLURRY WASTE FOR PREPARATION OF COMMERCIAL GRADE CEMENT
...es serious impact on the environment.
This study was conducted with the objective to demonstrate the practicability of using marble slurry wastes in the
manufacturing of cement on commercial scale. Waste marble slurry was obtained from marble processing units
and compares it with the calcium carbonate used in the cement industry by analyzing it for...

 Muhammad Nafees*, Asim Nawab*, Wisal Shah**

STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGNED FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS

Waqas Anwar1*, Iftikhar Hussain1

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN RESTIVE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN AND REMAINING PART OF COUNTRY
...port, insecure operating environment, difficult
terrain, dearth of previously existing infrastructure, centuries old traditional cultural underpinnings, non-availability
of skilled manpower / plant and machinery, non-acceptability of allied contractors, and larger operating distances
of sites from base camps.
The paper identifies dynamics and variables in order of preference using multi-variant analysis for low p...

Tabassum Yasmin*, Muhammad Sadiq*

IMPACT OF LANTHANUM DOPING ON SAC305 LEAD FREE SOLDERS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
...t-asian: normal;">The environmental concerns over the toxicity of lead- bearing electronics are forcing electronic industry to use leadfree solders. Among various lead-free candidate material, Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) appeared as a strong candidate. However, due to the coarse microstructure and formation of hard and brittle Inter-Metallic Compounds (IMCs...

Nisar Mohammad٭, Mohammad Mansoor Khan٭, Noor Mohammad٭

EXTRACTION OF HIGH QUALITY TALC FROM TALC-CARBONATE ROCK OF MINGORA EMERALD MINES BY FLOTATION AND LEACHING
...ld crystals. Controll of environmental threat caused by these rock dumps is an additional benefit of the research. Two step froth flotation process with AF65 (Poly propylene Glycol, Cyanamid) as frother, Sodium hexa metaphosphate as depressant for carbonates, equal mixture of oleic acid and kerosene oil as collector gave encouraging results. It was found that talc can be separated as float at pH 6 - 7±0.2 in rougher flotation and 10 - 11±0.2...

Shaukat Ali*, Shah Khusro*, Laiq Hasan**, Asif Ali Khan**

A SURVEY OF MOBILE PHONES CONTEXT-AWARENESS USING SENSING COMPUTING RESEARCH
... social networking, environmental pollution monitoring, and healthcare monitoring etc. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of research efforts contributed by researchers, organizations, and academia emphasizing on using mobile phones sensing capabilities for developing effective context-aware applications. The readily available knowledge is organized and classified effectively to give insight knowledge about the phenomena. We believe that...

Syed Farasat Ali Shah*, Amjad Naseer**, Rashid Rehan**

USE OF RUBBER WASTE IN CONCRETE TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION- AN OVERVIEW
...n spaces is hazardous to environment; therefore researchers have explored new means to effectively manage such waste. Tyre wastes have no exception; it cannot be readily recycled or reused. They are dumped in open grounds around the world. In Pakistan they pose a bigger threat as they are burnt, which results in emission of harmful gases in the atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to reuse these rubber wastes to reduce environment

M. Nafees*, Bushra Khan*, Robina Naz*

STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY IN STEEL RE-ROLLING MILL WITH REFERENCE TO HIGH NOISE LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE
Muhammad Qasim*, Mohib Ahmad*, Mohammad Inayatullah Babar*, Shahid Bashir*,
Farah Mahmood*, Zeeshan Sabir*
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PARAMETERS ON EFFICIENCY OF PHYSICAL LAYER DEPLOYED FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
...rated in ns-2 simulation environment along with different physical layer parameters and their impact is assessed and evaluated. This work also demonstrates the compatibility between ns-2, network simulation environment and CST, antenna design simulation environment.

...

Zeeshan Sabir*, M. Inayatullah Babar*, Saeed Ur Rehman**, Amjad Ullah Khattak * Syed Riaz Ul Hassnain*

EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MANET ENVIRONMENT BASED ON TCP WINDOW SIZE EVALUATION
...per we have simulated an environment of MANETs consisting of a few Mobile nodes that tend to form a network amongst eachother during their random mobile behaviour. The environment has been simulated using three different routing protocols via the Network Simulator(NS)-2.35 scripting and the performance of these protocols have been compared based upon their TCP window size evaluation and the number of tcp ...

Muhammad Tahir Manzoor*, Javed Iqbal*, Mohammad Inayatullah Babar*, Zeeshan Sabir* Khizar Azam*

MULTI HOP CLUSTER DESIGN IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
...tion from different environment factors. It is a promising technology which is composed of tiny sensing objects called sensors that are wirelessly distributed in the environment of interest in the form of clusters. Consumption of energy of sensor nodes depends on the size of the cluster and the amount of information send over the network. An inherent problem with the WSN is the consumption of battery powe...

Mumtaz Shah*, Hashim Nisar Hashmi* Naeem Ejaz* Abdul Razzaq Ghumman*

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
... method found to be environmentally and financially sustainable.
...

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1

An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...sources conservation and environmental protection are considered as basic human needs of a society. The developing world is struggling with lack of or inadequate supply of these resources while combating with climate change at the same time. It is a fact that sustainable development comes only by judicious utilization of the resources and environment protection that help in addressing socio-economic challenges. An integrated...

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1

An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...sources conservation and environmental protection are considered as basic human needs of a society. The developing world is struggling with lack of or inadequate supply of these resources while combating with climate change at the same time. It is a fact that sustainable development comes only by judicious utilization of the resources and environment protection that help in addressing socio-economic challenges. An integrated...

Saba Iqbal1*, Muhammad Luqman1, Hafiz Muhammad Nasrullah1, Asmat Ullah1 and Hafiz Muhammad Akram2

Response of Cotton to Application of Organic and Inorganic Source of Nutrients in Semi-Arid Climate
...culture is considered as environmental friendly, carbon smart and an economical approach to get maximum output in existing agricultural production systems. Unselective use of organic manures is often used in the agriculture to improve soil health but it cannot significantly increase yield. Application of organic and inorganic source of nutrients can uplift the economics of existing cotton based production systems by improving soil health and reducing the cost ...

Waheed-ur-Rehman*, Amjad Naseer*, Rashid Rehan*, Mohammad Ashraf* and Muhammad Ibrar*

PERFORMANCE OF BRICK MASONRY CAVITY WALLS WITH DIFFERENT WALL TIES
... displacement controlled environment. Lateral strength, stiffness and ductility of the walls were determined and compared. Test results show that use of ties increases stiffness of cavity walls, the increase being higher in the case of I-shaped ties compared to Z-shaped ties. The ductility also increased with I-type wall ties. However, wall ties have no effect on the lateral strength.
...

Asadullah Saleem* and Nadeem Ehsan*

STATUS OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS IN INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION FIRMS OF PAKISTAN
...y globalized competitive environment, performance measurement discipline has received much attention among researchers and construction firms during last two decades. Before a solution in the form of a suitable performance measurement framework could be prescribed to domestic firms to solve performance related problems, it is a pre-condition that one gets to know the health of performance measurement system (PMS) currently practised by thes...
Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Usman Ali Naeem*, Muhammad Ali Shamim*, Usman Ghani* and Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*
INVESTIGATION TO CHECK THE FEASIBILITY OF COMPOSTING FOR SMALL CITIES IN DEVELOPING WORLD: A CASE STUDY OF TAXILA CITY
...the prevalent major environmental problems resulting from poor solid waste management were investigated. In the next stage of investigation, focal area was further subdivided into three neighbourhoods while considering the population and living standards of dwellers, with these zones named as poor, average, and rich. A total of fifty, thirty and fifteen sampling sites are selected from each of these zones respectively. Solid waste samples a...

Feroza Arshad*, Aftab Ahmed Memon**, Muhammad Aslam Uqaili** and Arshad Habib Malik*

SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL ROBUST INTELLIGENT CASCADED REACTIVITY CONTROLLER FOR CANDU REACTOR
...buted parallel computing environment using MATLAB. The proposed NICRC is formulated in a highly complex multi-objective neural form and evaluated against full power operation of CANDU nuclear power plant from cold start-up to high power. The performance of highly robust NICRC is tested and evaluated for a typical transient providing complete coverage of moderator level, low log and steam pressure modes of CANDU reactor and found excellent within...
Amjad Hussain1, Ata Ur Rehman2, Zia Ur Rehman Tahir3, Aftab Ahmad1, Fahad Noor3, Qasar Wasique Ahmad1
INVESTIGATION OF EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTION ABOUT LEAN IMPLEMENTATION
...onal culture and working environment
especially how employees interact with each other’s and what’s their attitude towards their jobs. Literature reveals that employee’s behaviour towards lean implementation is controversial; some perceives this positive and others take this negative. This study aims at investigating varying employees’ perceptions towards lean because of their position at work. V...

 Amir Naveed1, Unsia Habib1, Fouzia Parveen2, Syed Naveed Ul Hasan1, Muddasar Habib1, Irfan Shah1

AN INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL DEPOSITS OF MAKARWAL PAKISTAN AND THEIR POSSIBLE IMPACTS ON SURROUNDING WATER-CASE STUDY
...ol for the prediction of environmental risks associated with coal mining in Makarwal area. Further, the water samples of Makarwal area were also analyzed and found to be contaminated with heavy metal pollutants.

...

 Sikandar Bilal Khattak, Iftikhar Hussain, Rashid Nawaz

EVALUATING THE SOCIAL ASPECT OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION FOR PAKISTAN VIA ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
... relies on economy, environment and society. This makes social aspect (society) to be of prime importance. This paper focuses on the social aspects of the sustainable construction. Most of the sustainability studies are carried out through questionnaire or interviews. Similarly, this papers also uses the questionnaire for data collection. The collected data is analyzed with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The pair wise comparison (From-...

 Sikandar Bilal Khattak1*, and Iftikhar Hussain1

ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENT CONSCIENCE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN USING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
...lobal spread. For years, environment-friendly construction, green buildings, lean construction, and sustainable construction has been portrayed as a possible alternative. However, the success factors for environment conscience construction differs in different regions. Identification of these factor is the first step towards achieving it. However, no all-inclusive study exists for a developing and terror hit c...

Abdul Shakoor1, R.A. Sayed2, Khizar Azam2

KNOWLEDGE BASE TECHNOLOGIES AS A NEW PARADIGM IN DATA DRIVEN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
...obally oriented business environment requires wide-ranging information based decision support system. The knowledge sharing framework requires an extensive research to improve inter-operatiability of cross-functional systems and subsequently provide the basis for diverse utilization of knowledge base technologies in manufacturing. The effective knowledge sharing framework in manufacturing industries is used to speed-up the New Product Devel...

 Adnan Ali Khan,* and Shahrukh Khalid**

CAPACITY ESTIMATION OF SIMO SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE
... in interference limited environment. The performance is analyzed by calculating the ergodic capacity and hence the spectral efficiency for Rayleigh fading SIMO channel in the presence of unequal power Rayleigh fading co-channel interferes. Expressions for evaluating system’s capacity using maximum ratio combining (MRC) are presented. The analytical results are verified by developing Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the effect of var...

 Usman Ali Naeem*, Hashim Nisar*, Habib-ur-Rehman** and Naeem Ejaz*

DEVELOPMENT OF FLOOD DISCHARGE MODELS USING GIS
...th the crash of mutually environment disparity and human actions in the overall milieu. With the advent of technology it is now possible to model the complete resource allocation of any hydrological network duly integrating both natural and artificial networks. Advance applications allow an excellent automated system to monitor, control and manage water allocations to better utilize water resources, minimize wastage and predict hazards. The...

 S.W. Shah*, M.I. Babar*, L. Khan**, M.N. Arbab*, H. Ullah*** and R.A. Syed***

RELIABLE MULTICAST IMPLEMENTATION IN JAVA
...local area network (LAN) environment. The reliability has been introduced at application layer and is receiver’s initiated, NACK (negative acknowledgement) based.
...
Kadir Karakuş1, Turgut Aygün2, Şenol Çelik3, Mohammad Masood Tariq4*, Muhammad Ali4, Majed Rafeeq4 and Farhat Abbas Bukhari4
...cts of genotype and some environment factors such as birth type, dam age, lamb’ age in control and live weight on testis characteristics were also researched. The furthest importance sequence was obtained for testis length (TESLENG) (100%), followed by age, testis diameter (TDIA), age in control (DAGE), birth weight (BW), around scrotum (SCC), scrotum length (SCL) and birth type (BT). TDIA > 8.5 and DAGE will provide 21.06 unit to live weight (LW). BW...

Parakriti Gupta1, Kapil Goyal2 and Mini Pritam Singh3*

Hepatitis E Virus and Zoonosis
... humans, animals and the environment so as to develop better prevention control measures through ‘One Health’ concept. The clinical manifestations of HEV can vary from self-limiting acute viral hepatitis which occurs in apparently healthy individuals to acute liver failure which leads to high mortality among pregnant women. Recently, chronic infections due HEV genotypes 3 and 4 have also been documented in immunosuppressed and transplant patients w...
Dibyendu Biswas1*, Shib Shankar Saha2, Shankar Biswas3 and Md. Abu Sayeed4
Outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease of Cattle in South-West Part of Bangladesh and its Clinical Management
...ntra-herd level hygienic environments. Five different treatment protocols were applied for recovery of the affected cows; where no significant differences were estimated among the treatment protocol in contrast to recovery from LSD. However, dexamethasone, chlorpheniramine maleate, combination of oxytetracycline and meloxicam showed apparently good results. Interestingly, most of the household in this study area never used mosquito curtains at their cattle hou...

Hina Imtiaz1*, Salma Khalid2, Kashaf Riaz1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Zubair Rehman

...to save human health and environment.  

...
Sinan Uzundumlu1, Yesim Buyukates1,*, Murat Yigit2, Musa Bulut2,  Rıdvan Kaan Gurses1 and Barbaros Celikkol3
...fish farm to observe the environmental properties of the marine system. Water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, chlorophyll-a and inorganic nutrients such as NO2+NO3, NH4, PO4 and SiO2 were observed between May 2014 and September 2014 in the study area. The observed results were compared with acceptable limits pronounced in international organizations s...
Roni Koneri1*, Meis Nangoy2 and Pience V. Maabuat1
...ndicators for evaluating environmental changes in long-term studies (biogeography) and short-term studies (conservation biology). This research study was aimed to analyse the composition and diversity of dragonflies in Tunan Waterfall area, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted from March 2018 to May 2018 at at three types of habitat, namely primary forest, secondary forest, and agricultural land. At each habitat type were laid four 300-metre-long ...
Waqar Majeed1, Naureen Rana1, Elmo Borges de Azevedo Koch2* and Shahla Nargis1
...ociated with seasons and environmental variables in two different wetlands sites was estimated and study was performed on monthly basis for a whole year. The arthropods were collected by sweep net, direct hand picking, forceps. For each sampling day in each month, 20 sweeps were randomly taken in each block. The insects at rest or on shrubs were manually collected. Overall, 5867 individuals were recorded pertaining to 152 species. Among the arthropods collecte...
Ayesha Noreen1, Amina Elahi1, Dilara Abbas Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1*

 

...potential application in environmental biotechnology.
...

 Honghai Zhang1,*, Yao Chen1, Xiaoyang Wu1, Shuai Shang2, Jun Chen2, Jiakuo Yan1, Qinguo Wei1, Xibao Wang1, Yongqiang Lu3 and Huanxin Zhang2

...imal performance and the environment. We collected fresh feces of the Tibetan wild ass (Equus kiang) from the Jinan Wildlife World and Qinghai - Tibet Plateau Wild Animal Park. And we divide the sample into Group A (the low altitude area) and Group B (the high altitude area). we studied the basic structure of the gut microbiota by sequencing high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 hypervariable regions. The differences of gut microbiota in...
Aribah Naz1*, Uzma Badar1,Afsheen Arif2*, Zaid Qureshi1, Sondas Saeed1,Erum Shoeb1, Maqsood Ali Ansari1 and Obaid Yusuf Khan1
...to survive under diverse environmental conditions including high salinity and low pH. Ease of detection is one of the prominent features of these glowing organisms to be the center of attention of many researchers and scientists. The focus of the study is to characterize and identify local Gram negative luminescent bacterial strain isolated from gut of Nemipterus japonicus commonly known as Japanese threadfin bream fish.Isolation, temperature optimizati...
Sumaira1, Syed Mohsin Bukhari1, Maqsood Iram2, Arshad Javid1Ali Hussain1, Waqas Ali1, Khalil Ur Rehman3, Shahla Andleeb3, Irfan Baboo4 and Nimra Khalid1
...>The effects of feed and environmental factors have been studied in ecdysis process in Indian rock python. Ten experimental animals were observed in captivity and it was noted that ecdysis was more rapid during summer compared to winter. Furthermore, ticks and mites were recorded during both the seasons while internal parasite species belong to genus Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus were recorded from Python molurus. Hi...
Zengwen Huang1,2, WuReliHazi Hazihan2*, Baheti Bodai2, Kadyken Rizabek3, Nuralieva Ulzhan3, Omarova Karlygash4, Juan Zhang1 and Yaling Gu1*
...is well adapted to harsh environmental conditions and displays strong disease resistance, fast growth, and high cold tolerance. The effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of follistatin inhibin alpha gene (INHα) in YM sheep was analyzed, and the INHα gene was amplified from total RNA of the ovary tissue of YM sheep and was successfully cloned. The eukaryotic siRNA expression vector was constructed with the cloned gene as the targ...

Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Ghulam Qadir1, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Muhammad Faisal Nawaz1 and Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich2

Impact of Fertilizer and Planting Geometery on Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Yield in Saline-Sodic Soil
... production under saline environment. The experimental design was split-plot with three repeats. Three planting geometry (10cm x 20cm, 15cm x 20cm and 20cm x 20cm) and four phosphorus levels i.e. (i) control (no phosphorus), (ii) P (60 kg ha-1) recommended dose (RD), (iii) 125% P of RD (75 kg ha-1) and (iv) 150% P of RD (90 kg ha-1) were used. Observations included were; plant height, bulb mass, bulb diameter, cloves bulb-1 and bulb yield. Data revealed that p...

Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman

Genotype by Environment Interactions of Vegetative Growth Traits of Bread Wheat Genotypes
...he amount of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) is an important step in identifying high yielding and stable genotypes for cultivar development. Keeping in view the significance of genotype and environment, a multi environment study was conducted to evaluate the response of genotypes to different cropping systems and environments. The performance ...
Tong Zhang1,2, Feng Xu1,*, Ming Ma1 and Peng Ding3
...vior rhythm to adapt the environmental and social changes.
...

Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud1, Yonis Abukar Mohamed2, Osman Sheikh Ali Jama3, Pravin Mishra4* and Mohamed Idiris Mohamed5 

Prevalence and Major Pathogens Associated with Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Benadir Region of Somalia
... might be because of the environmental factors as well as the hygienic managements of the farms. Therefore, implementation of integrated approaches has great importance in the study sites for the avoidance and management of mastitis hence minimizing economic loss and prevents significant public health risks.

...

Rao Wali Muhammad1, Hafiz Muhammad Wasif Ali2*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Qadir Ahmad2, Abdul Qayyum2, Waqas Malik2 and Etrat Noor2

Estimation of Different Genetic Parameters in Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes under Field Condition
...cts and less affected by environment. Thus, direct selection of accessions on basis of studied parameters could lead to genetic improvement of the material and these traits could also be helpful for potential improvement of yield in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius).

...

Iram Sharif1*, Amna Nazir1, Eram Shahzadi2, Shahid Munir Chohan3 and Ghulam Sarwar4

Influence of Sowing Dates on Cotton Growth (Gossypium hirsutum), Yield and Fiber Quality
...conomy. It faces various environmental conditions which restricts its growth and production. The study was carried out at Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad, during the year 2018-19. The objective of the research was to evaluate the sowing date effects on growth, yield parameters and fiber quality of cotton and genotypic assessment in two sowing dates. The set of six genotypes was sown in two different dates viz., 10th April and 10th May in split plot design ...
Huma Abbas1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Umar Shahbaz3*, Haseeb Ullah Kamber1, Nazir Javed1, Muhammad Junaid1, Hira Abbas4 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3
Evaluation of Advanced Mung Bean Germplasm against Cercospora Leaf Spot and its In-vitro Management by Different Fungicides
...erant germplasm and with environmentally safe fungicides is a cost-effective approach. The present study was aimed to find the resistant germplasm against the disease and to evaluate the relative efficacy of different fungicides against the C. canesens in lab conditions. Twenty varieties/lines were screened against Cercospora Leaf Spot disease in field conditions. No line/ variety was found immune and only one line (16051) was resistant against this disease. F...

Muhammad Imran1,2*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Amer Rasul3

Brown Leaf Spot: An Exacerbated Embryonic Disease of Rice: A Review
...ime. Due to changing the environmental conditions and appearance of the disease epidemic, the use of fungicides judiciously is the alternate significant method for quick and efficient control of diseases and improving the yield of rice. While, the use of phytoextracts and antagonist are considered to be safe, eco-friendly, cost-effective economically and biodegradable. The use of plant activators as another new strategy that activates the defense system of pla...

Md. Sahidur Rahman

Origin and Spillover of Coronaviruses: Prospects of One Health Action
...xperts, epidemiologists, environmental scientists, and microbiologists to curb the COVID-19. One health encourages joint disease surveillance by establishing laboratory networks and regulating proper biosafety, biosecurity, and risk communication to facilitate strong disease prevention and control strategy by which we could prevent the next coronavirus outbreak in humans.

...

Mushtaq Ahmad Khan*, Abdul Basir and Beena Saeed

Biochar Improves Phenological and Physiological Attributes of Wheat in Soil Amended with Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources
...organic matter deficient environments. Therefore, the present study was conducted to enhance N availability from organic and inorganic N sources via biochar (0, 10, 20 and 30 tons ha-1) under four levels of N (0, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1) during Fall 2015-16 and 2016-17. The required N was met from urea, poultry manure (PM) and farmyard manure (FYM). Application of 20 and/or 30 t BC ha-1 significantly delayed booting, anthesis, physiological maturity in wheat, ...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Olubumi Atolani2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji3
Toxicity Effect of Eucalyptus globulus on Pratylenchus spp. of Zea mays
...ise as an affordable and environmentally-friendly alternative for nematode control and increased crop yield particularly in maize production.

...

Muhammad Javaid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1 and Muhammad Arslan Khan1

Role of Nanotechnology in Crop Protection and Production: A Review
...zers and to overcome the environmental stress seed treatments with nanoparticles, to improve the crop yield use of smart gene delivery system. This technology can also be useful for sustainable water use and irrigation water filtration. It also plays an important role in pollution reduction. Green revolution of any developing countries can be achieved by adopting nanotechnology.

...
Zhi Chen1, Toshifumi Minamoto2, Longshan Lin3 and Tianxiang Gao4,*
...ost method of extracting environmental DNA of macro-organisms from filter membranes in large scale eDNA surveys.
...

Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Ayman Balla Mustafa2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5

...as of arid and semi-arid environment. This study was planned to check its production potential in extensive management system (EMS) and semi-intensive management system (SIMS). The mean milk yield and range of Marecha she-camel was found to be 5.6±0.3, 6.1±0.2 and 3-8, 5-9 kg under EMS and SIMS, respectively. The fat, protein, lactose, SNF and total solids percentage was found to be 4.44, 4.40; 3.42, 3.38; 4.82, 4.76; 8.96, 8.93 and 13.38; 13.33,...

Turgay Şişman1,*, Muhammet Çağrı Keskin1, Hatice Dane1, Şeymanur Adil1, Fatime Geyikoğlu1, Suat Çolak2 and Esra Canpolat1

...determine the effects of environmental contamination, nuclear abnormalities of peripheral erythrocytes and lung, liver, and kidney histopathologies were evaluated in marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) in agricultural areas. The most prominent histopathological alterations observed in lung tissue were noted as epithelial hyperplasia, thickness of alveolar septa, dilatations and congestions of blood capillaries, and melanomacrophage accumulation. An incre...

Tasleem Akhtar1, 2, Ghazanfar Ali1,* and Nuzhat Shafi2

... High pollution load and environmental stress on these species seems to be very high and not led to the ideal growth pattern. It is concluded that, the fish is under the physiological stress and it is very essential for fishery managers to impose adequate regulations for sustainable fishery management and conservation in this state of Pakistan, in which most of population depend upon fish resources. No information regarding LWRs and morphometric measurements o...
Feng Xu1,2,3*, Weikang Yang1,2,3*, Ming Ma1,2,3 and David A. Blank4
...size, human disturbance, environment factors, body size of a prey and a predator, season, traits of species and numbers of others factors were thought to have significant impacts on vigilance. Here, in this study we considered only three of them: group size, disturbance, and predation vulnerability and their impact on the vigilance of the Demoiselle crane (Antropoides virgo). Our results showed that group size, human disturbance, and predation vulnerabi...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
...sential oils as safe and environment-friendly alternates to hazardous synthetic insecticides, and suggest the incorporation of these phytoextracts in the future pest management programs against subterranean termites and other insect pests. 
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1,Muhammad Asam Riaz1,Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Luqman2, Mehar Zubair Shehzad1, Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Mujahid Tanvir1 and Saadia Wahid1
...ant extracts as safe and environment friendly alternates to hazardous synthetic insecticides and suggest the incorporation of these natural compounds in the pest management programs against agricultural and urban insect pests. 
Mehwish Saleem Khan
Evaluation of Changes in Zinc Levels in Patients Suffering from Cancer
...o ionizing radiation and environmental pollutants. In this study zinc level in serum of cancer patients was observed. For this purpose, the blood of 50 cancer patients was taken from MAYO HOSPITAL Lahore. The patients are suffering from different type of cancers such as, breast cancer, lung cancer, uterus cancer, oral cavity cancer, esophageal cancer, urinary bladder cancer, blood cancer and brain tumor. In addition to serum zinc level of cancer patients many ...

Muhammad Shahzad Akbar, Farrukh Sajjad, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*

Field Evaluation of Promising Botanical Extracts, Plant Essential Oils and Differential Chemistry Insecticides against Subterranean Termites Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
...h mammalian toxicity and environmental hazards. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some promising botanical extracts (Dodonaea viscosa, Gardenia jasminoides and Nerium indicum), plant essential oils (Allium sativum, Citrus aurantium and Cymbopogon citratus) and differential-chemistry insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, emamectin, indoxacarb, pyriproxyfen and triflumuron) against subterranean termites (Odontotermes obesus)...

Muhammad Shaheen

Mining Patterns from Complex Energy Dataset: A Case Study of Pakistan’s Energy Sector
... in social, economic and environmental factors defines its prominence in sustainability. To ensure sustainable energy development the consumption and production patterns may comply with each other and may also comply with the conditions of sustainability. This paper reviewed the current state of energy in Pakistan and proposed an automated intelligent geographic decision support system that ensures optimal energy development plan for the country in order to co...
Jiawei Zhang1,2, Thomas Quirke1, Shibao Wu2*, Shaoshan Li2 and Fidelma Butler1
...s offer another positive environmental enrichment for this group of penguins and in turn, these penguins at Fota Wildlife Park are considered to have a high educational potential. Some suggestions about captive management and future research are also proposed.
...

Chibuzo Uzoma Izuogu1*, Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke1, Loveday Chukwudi Njoku1, Gillian Chidozie Azuamairo1 and Mary Chikerenma Atasie2

 

Repositioning Nigeria’s Agricultural Extension System Towards Building Climate Change Resilience
...orsening its operational environment. Changes in rainfall pattern have made it cumbersome for effective implementation of extension advice in real time. Training needs of extension workers for climate change resilience among others include the need to bridge digital divide, implementation of strategies for a better interface with development partners and optimization of the use indigenous mitigation strategies for climate change. The review recommends that ess...
Ehsan Kashani1, Hamid Reza Rezaei2*, Morteza Naderi3 and Nematolah Khorasani4

 

...sticity in ever-changing environments is emphasized by scientists and conservation biologists. Central deserts and steppes of Iran host a different kind of insectivores like hedgehogs; however, their ecology and genetic properties are rarely documented. For species of hedgehogs that are included in the subfamily Erinaceinae, at least four known species are listed for Iran. Brandt’s (Paraechinus hypomelas) and Long-eared (Hemiechinus auritus...
Muhammad Shafiq1,2,*,Rajwali Khan1, Ilyas Ali3, Sadeeq Ur Rahman4, Saif Ullah3Shah Jan Mohammad2, Mohammad Jan2 and Jinhu Huang2
...) production under local environment than HF and Jersey. Calf serum immunoglobulin concentration was affected by cattle breed type and showed a positive correlation with cow serum IgG decrease before parturition. It was found that the Partum stage of different cattle breeds has a significant effect on IgG in colostrum and serum of their respective calves. Therefore, the present study provided a baseline for the improvement of passive transfer of immunity to ne...

Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Wakil2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi3 and Waqas Raza1*

Influence of Resistance Inducers on Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Contents of Susceptible Chickpea Cultivars after Inoculation with Ascochyta rabiei
...re stressed by different environmental confines may be weakened and susceptible to disease and these include nutrient scarce plants. Tissue contents of potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus of above parts of the ground of plant in three cultivars of chickpea (‘C-44’, Bittle-98’ and ‘Pb-91’) after treatment with Bion® (acibenzolar-S-methyl), salicylic acid (SA), potassium hydroxide (KOH) or plant extracts of neem (A. indica A. Ju...

Zaheer Ahmed Deho*, Saifullah Abro and Muhammad Rizwan

Assessment of Stability for Seed Cotton Yield of Cotton Genotypes Across Different Environmental Conditions of Sindh Province
...khas, Sakrand and Ghotki environment conditions. Seed cotton yield data was recorded from each location and stability analysis (genotype x environment interaction) was performed. The pooled analysis of variance for seed cotton yield, showed highly significant (P< 0.05) differences for varieties, locations and varieties × location interaction. The analysis depicted the significance of both the linear and non-linear c...
Fangqing Liu1, Jared Atlas2, Chaohao Du1, Anoop Das3 and Longying Wen1*
...and China in response to environmental factors. We collected 399 pheasant and divided them into two groups: high altitude (>1500m) and low altitude (<1500m). The results that all morphological size measures of males were significantly higher than those of females (P<0.05). Most measures of size at low altitude significantly greater than those at high altitudes, including body weight, body length, and wing length for males (P<0.05), an...

Muhammad Shahid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1 and Kashif Razzaq3

Application of Nanotechnology for Insect Pests Management: A Review
...ing of greener, safe and environmentally benign protocols for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Insect pests are main density dependent factors that deteriorate the quality and production of various crops i.e. vegetables, fruits, ornamental and field crops. In past decade, these insect pests had been controlled by the application of synthetic insecticides but due to the injurious application of these insecticides causes the development of resistance,

Inam Ullah1,2, WU Qing-Ming1*, Ruqia Bibi2 and Najam Un Nisa2

Comparison of Nesting Site Preferences and Breeding Ecology of Red-Vented Bulbul, Baya Weaver, and Grey Bush Chat in Sheikh Badin National Park Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
...uding breeding, defense, environmental factors, shelter, and conservation.  The relation between a bird and plant species is considered to be the central aspect of wildlife and biodiversity , which makes the nesting behavior a vital factor when investigating the life of birds. This study was conducted to know the trees used for nesting by avifauna species of Sheikh Badin National Park. The current study was conducted at Sheikh Badin National Park from Oct...

Shishir Sharma* and Laxmi Prasad Joshi

Current Insights on Stemphylium Blight of Lentil with its Management Strategies
...omplexity is seen due to environmental concerns and contrasting morphological characteristics among species. The frequency and intensity of this disease depends on environmental and climatic factors that are mainly favored by high humidity, temperature greater than 220c, and cloudiness. The pathogen mainly persists in crop debris and occasionally in seed during the offseason. Mapping QTLs by utilizing wild varieties and land...

Hafiz Hammad Ahmad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1*, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz4

Growth and Yield Response of Sunflower to Organic Amendments in Aridisol
... P supply under P stress environment. A pot research was executed to explore the response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to sparingly soluble P sources grown under P deficient environment at research area, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha during 2018. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of T1 = NK + P0 (Contro...
Umair Faheem1*, Qaisar Abbas1, Saghir Ahmad2, Ghayour Ahmad2, Abdul Karim2and Mussurat Hussain1
...side these insect pests, environmental factors also affect the cotton production as well as population fluctuations of insect pests. The current study was designed to measure the impact of different meteorological limitations i.e. temperature (oC), relative humidity (RH) and rainfall (RF) on population fluctuation or dynamics of the A. biguttula biguttula. It was found that there is a direct relationship between A. biguttula biguttula ...
Imran Haider1, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza1*, Rashid Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Israr3, Umair Riaz4, Maliha Sarfraz5, Nasir Abbas6, Salman Haidar Abbasi7, Zafar Abbas8 and Muhammad Aamer9
 
 
Ming-Yue Zhang*, Bo Yuan, Xiao-Hui Zhang, James Ayalaand Rong Hou*
... and the ideal result of environmental enrichment is to make captive giant pandas appear close to nature. To understand the effect of Pinus koraiensis bark substrate on the behavioural responses of captive giant pandas, we selected 6 adult female giant pandas and 6 juvenile giant pandas from Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, and performed a one-month behavioral study during the non-mating season, focusing on observing the performances of stere...
Muhammad Hamayoon Khan*, Niaz Hussain Khuhro, Muhammad Awais, Muhammad Usman Asif and Raza Muhammad
 
 
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Jahangir Shah1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Sami Ullah2,3, Hera Gul4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Zeshan6
 
 
...d vagaries of the desert environment. By realizing the economic importance of this high-value desert plant, a pioneer study on seed germination response to various agro-climatic factors was conducted at the Arid Zone Research Institute Bahawalpur. Healthy jojoba seeds were sown at the fortnightly intervals by dividing the whole year into 16 treatments to identify the optimum sowing time for the Cholistan desert of Bahawalpur. The results revealed that maximum ...
Wali Muhammad1*, Humayun Javed1, Munir Ahmad1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ontrol and safety to the environment. In the present study, effect of four sowing dates was evaluated on the infestation of L. orbonalis on brinjal at two locations in the Pothwar region of Pakistan. The study revealed that sowing dates influenced infestation by brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Shoot infestation significantly varied on brinjal at both locations sown at different dates. The maximum average shoot infestation of 9.7% was observed on late sow...
Muneer Abbas1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Muhammad Saleem2, Abdul Ghaffar2Sohail Abbas3, Niaz Hussain1 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...save natural enemies and environment. Experiment was conducted in three guava, citrus and mango producing districts of Punjab i.e. Faisalabad, Sargodha, Toba Tek Singh with five treatments. Each experimental unit comprised of 1 ha area. Five treatments viz. A=sanitation, B=MAT, C= protein based baits, D= plant extracts and E= A+B+C+D were used during 2015-16. Data of % infested fallen fruits, total flies/trap, total flies captured/year, % fruit p...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Ayesha Iqbal1 and Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,3
...tions indicate the drier environments with hard and tough food available during the late Miocene. The late Miocene hipparionines were expected to have inhabited a mosaic of woodland and grassland with predominant C3 vegetation which latter shifted to C3/C4 grasses. For this purpose, fifteen dental samples (Five for each Hipparion species) from well dated late Miocene localities between 8.8-7.7 Ma are analyzed. All the &d...

Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1*, Aslam Khan Gadehi1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro2, Mukesh Kumar Soothar1 and Zohaib Ur Rehman Bughio1

 

 

...nglish spinach in saline environment.
...
Baochao Liao1,2, Xiujuan Shan2,3* and Yunlong Chen2,3
...nation of the effects of environmental change at a population-level on a species to be examined. The present study applied a DEB-ABM to the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus. The DEB-ABM accurately captured energy acquisition and allocation throughout the anchovy lifecycle (egg, yolk sac larva, exogenous feeding larva, juvenile, and adult) and predicted how individual-level processes affect energy dynamics at higher levels of biological organization....
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam and Sajid Mahmood*
...azing, disease and harsh environmental conditions. Awareness campaigns and enforcement of legislation are recommended to save the population of chakor.
...
Hafiz Hammad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz4 and Muhammad Arif4
...s L.) in P deficient environment at research area, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha in year 2018. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design (CRD) with eight treatments which were replicated four times. The treatments plan includes T1 = NK + P0 (Control); T2 = NPK (Recommended rate); T3 = NK + RP at 7 g pot-1; T4 = NPK + RP at 7 g pot-1; T5
Sheza Shehzadi1, Mohammad Umar Farooq2*, Rukhsana Kausar1, Ijaz Ali1*, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Maqbool Shahbaz4
...ver increasing threat of environmental and social health due to the use of fossil fuel. Lingo-cellulosic biomass has seen getting fame as bioenergy crops in maintaining food security alongside fulfilling energy demands. Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) has turn out the promising nutritious forage to the livestock on the sustainable basis, feedstock for biofuel and also has proven to be environmental friendly. The p...
Muhammad Tariq Chaudhary1, Saleem Ashraf 2, Muhammad Yaseen3 and Muhammad Luqman3
 
 
...(P<0.05), educational environment at IATI Sargodha (P<0.01) and Rahim Yar Khan (P<0.05) were the prominent determinants of their employability. Study concludes that educational activities and co-curricular activities were equally important for the successful academic performance and earning an employability. Study stresses to streamline extracurricular activities at institutes level and conductance of inter and intra institutes competitions to bring p...
Asima Batool1, Ghulam Abbas2*, Zuhair Hasnain3, Nasira Perveen4 and Muhammad Naeem Akhtar5
...raised under heat stress environment for 15 days and harvested. Data regarding seedling parameters were recorded and analyzed. The study revealed that SB-11 and 32-F-10 were able to produce longer shoots under heat stress while SB-11 and ND 6339 produced longer root under heat stress. The hybrids like SB-11, Hycorn-984 were able to retain greater shoot and root water contents as evident from their increased f...
Md. Sabbir Ahamed1, Md. Rayhan Chowdhury1, Md. Atik Mas-ud1, Sujat Ahmed2, Md. Shahadat Hossain1 and Mohammad Nurul Matin1
 
 
...than the PCV, suggesting environment may play influencial role on their phenotypic expression. Correlation coefficient values of yield attributing traits reveals that the association among total grain per panicle (0.96**) and FGPa (0.95**) were positive and significant with yield.
...
Hazrat Ali1, 2* and Ezzat Khan1*
...eavy metals is a genuine environmental problem. Bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals in fish poses a potential health risk to fish consumers including humans. The aim of present research work was to study the bioaccumulation of Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb in the carnivorous fish Mastacembelus armatus at different sites of three rivers in Malakand Division, Pakistan. The study also investigated tissue-specific accumulation of these metals in M. armatus at ...
Chen Tongde1, Fakher Abbas1, Jiao Juying1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2*, An Shoshan1, Muhammad Ansar3, Qaiser Hussain2, Mah-Noor Azad2 andAyaz Ahmad2
...anding of the ecological environment status in Pan-Third Pole. The Pothohar Plateau was selected as the representative area of soil erosion in the country. Along the route of Muree-Islamabad-Rawalpindi-Gujar Khan-Chakwal, 15 investigation units (12 small watersheds and 3 rectangular areas) were selected to investigate the types and characteristics of soil erosion, land use types and soil and water conservation measures, from April 16 to 20, 2019. Map interpret...
Ryan Septa Kurnia1* and Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto2
 

...uction to mimic the microenvironment in respiratory tissue engineering.
...
Sohail Akbar1*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Muhammad Yaqoob2, Muhammad Farooq Iqbal2, Kashif Ishaq2, Muhammad Kamran2, Shazia Shamas3, Arbab Sikander4 and Muhammad Hashim5
 
 
...y cows are more prone to environmental stress as they have more heat of metabolism. Moreover, they are high producer and high producer animals are more susceptible to heat stress. Heat Stress has harmful impact on production, reproduction, metabolism and immune status of animal. Semen quality of exotic cattle is also affect by heat stress. Similarly, fertility decreases during highly warm months due to heat stress. In managemental perspective, cooling systems ...
A.E.S. Patrick1,*, S. Kuganathan2 and U. Edirisinghe3
...cted the sensitivity for environmental and habitat characteristics. Therefore, this study revealed the baseline evidence on the LWRs and the growth patterns, which could be considered for studying the survival of local fish to reach the optimal species richness and abundance.
...
BamideleAkinsanya1, Isaac O Ayanda2,*, Benson Onwusa1 and Joseph K Saliu1
...ily get into the aquatic environment. These chemicals were investigated in the fish parasite Tenuisentis niloticus, as a reflection of the extent to which these compounds are present in the lagoon. One hundred (100) samples of Heterotis niloticus were investigated for parasitic infection for a duration of six months, while the parasites encountered were used as sentinel organisms to check for the presence of PAH and BTEX. GC-MS was used to analys...
Ibrar Muhammad Khan1, Dezhi Xu1, Zubing Cao1, Hongyu Liu1, Adnan Khan2,  Sajid Ur Rahman3, Jam Zaheer Ahmed4, Muhammad Akmal Raheem5 and Yunhai Zhang1*

 Amjad Ali1*, Pirzada Jamal Ahmad Siddiqui1, Naveed Ahmad2,Shabir Ali Amir3, Rafaqat Masroor3,Seema Shafique1 and Zaib-un-Nisa Burhan1

...and scientific research (environmental, biological parameters) is recommended.
...
Bram Brahmantiyo1,*, Henny Nuraini2,3, Astari Wibiayu Putri3, Maizirwan Mel4,5 and Cecep Hidayat6 
 

...adaptability in tropical environments. Research were held at Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, Ciawi, Bogor, Indonesia using 79 adult rabbits (20 does and 20 bucks of Hycole, 14 does and 12 bucks of Hyla, and five does and eight bucks of New Zealand white). The age of the rabbits evaluated in this experiment was rabbits with age 20 wk old. The mean birth weight for Hyla was 53.6 g + 7.5 g, Hycole was 51.6 g + 9.9 g, and NZW was 54.4 g + 10.7...

Uwem E. George1, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo2, Oluseyi A. Olayinka3, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah4, Temitope O.C. Faleye3,5, Bolaji Oluremi6, Arthur O. Oragwa7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel E. Udoh9, Oluwadamilola G. Osasona1,10, Emmanuel Donbraye11, Olufunke P. Adeniji12, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi3,13* and Johnson A. Adeniji3,13,14

...biotic resistance in the environment. These ARGs may have been exchanged with handlers and rural dwellers around the Sanctuary. Surveillance of sympatric human faecal and environmental microbiota and their resistomes at the Wildlife Sanctuary are merited to inform public health interventions and decrease ARGs dissemination.

...

Atilla Yıldız

...al mucus is a biological environment that affects sperm survival and determines the ability of cows to become pregnant. Insemination based on cervical mucus characteristics may increase pregnancy rate. Therefore, this study’s aim is to evaluate the extent to which the scores specific to the changes in physical properties of cervical mucus predict the probability of conception at insemination time. Cervical mucus in 36 clinically healthy Holstein cows was...
Arshad Bhat1*, Masudul H. Wani1, Shabir A. Wani2, Abid Qadir3, Iqra Qureshi4 and Abid Sultan2
 

...ackages for reducing the environmental damage caused due to dumping of polyethene and other non-degradable bottle in the canals, streams orchards and other open spaces. The results reveal that number of sprays are positively affecting the defensive expenses and is having a negative relationship between educational attainment and defensive expenses but a positive relationship between willing to pay for purchase of biodegradable packages of pesticides and educat...
Tanay Dineshkumar Shah
 

...ia is having a favorable environmental condition to grow mushrooms. Hence various varieties of mushrooms are grown in different regions of India. However, the per capita consumption of mushroom in India is very less as compared to other countries though mushroom has many health benefits as compared to other regular diets a normal Indian consumes. Gujarat is one of the states of India where the consumption of mushrooms is less. The paper concentrates on finding...

Md. Ariful Islam, Md. Badol Ashraf and Md. Mahmudul Alam*

... respectively. Different environmental factors and seasons influenced the prevalence of surgical affections. Heavy rainfall and high humidity have made this region a vulnerable place for the prevalence of surgical affections in calves. This study has correlated between different variables and the prevalence of surgical affections in Mymensingh district. Variables like sex, breed and season have found to be influenced the abundance of surgical diseases in the s...

Naveed Wahid Awan1, Asif Ali Abro2* and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa3

...venue, and indicators of environmental and agricultural accessories were obtained from statistical year books at the national and provincial level, Metrological Department of Pakistan from 1993 to 2019. Panel data approach is applied to analyze the data for each province of Pakistan. The results are presented through rank and regression analysis. The rank analysis was done based on crop production, the area cultivated, yield, use of fertilizer, number of tube-...

Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Qasim Raza1*, Awais Riaz1, Misbah Hanif2, Wajiha Saeed2, Shawaiz Iqbal1, Tahir Hussain Awan1, Syed Sultan Ali1 and Muhammad Sabar1

...ation is ideal under all environments and should be recommended in DSR system to improve early crop establishment and sustainable production.

...
Li Shengqing1,2,3, Zhang Xiyun2,3, Liu Shengcai2,3, Hu Guoyuan2, Fan Yuxia2,Liu Huaixin2, Wang Tingting2 and Zhang Yanming1*
...ulinum toxin as a novel, environmentally friendly biological rodenticide for the population control of rodents in plateau pastoral area. The toxin is subjected to toxin component, DNA sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses. The lethal median dose (LD50) values of intragastrically and orally administred type D botulinum toxin in wild plateau pikas, plateau zokors, and Microtus fuscus are calculated through Horn’s method and the improved ...

Bushra Baig and Saeeda Yousaf*

... and potato. Keeping the environmentally friendly nature of these biopesticide, compared to synthetic pesticides, it is recommended that more research be directed for assessment of more active compounds that could act as potential candidates for biopesticide. The objective of the study was to find the bioactive compounds in plant extracts of Neem and Black pepper and their effectiveness against reduction in number of whitefly and aphids.

...

Shujaa Arshad1, Muhammad Umair1*, Rana Shahzad Noor1, Chaudhry Arslan2, Arslan Afzal1 and Zafar Islam3

...so these systems are not environment friendly. Therefore, it is needed to use alternate energy sources for cooling systems with environmentally friendly technologies. In this research, a small scale solar-driven desiccant cooling system was developed with 3 feet length, 2 feet width and 2 feet height and tested for local environmental conditions of Pakistan. Pakistan has blessed with an ab...

Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Abdul Waheed, M. Abbas Khan, Imtiaz Ahmad, Shamsul Islam, Basharat Hussain Shah, Sohail Aslam and Qamar uz Zaman

... little influence of the environment in the expression of these traits. High PCV and GCV were observed for DRW (26.98 and 29.11%), NBP (25.36 and 28.63), PH (23.20 and 24.21), DSW (20.38 and 22.59) and NLRP (20.34 and 23.55 %) suggesting the presence of wide range of genetic variability in the genotypes for these traits. Heritability ranged from moderate (65.28 %) for SD to high (91.86 %) for PH whereas expected genetic advance was high (>20 %) for all the ...
Md. Alal Hossen1, Mohammad Amzad Hossain1*, A.K.M. Munzurul Hasan1,2, Bipresh Das1, Sohel Mian1, Mohammed Mahbub Iqbal1
 
...ng S-GnRHa in freshwater environment and to observe their early development stages.
...

Muhammad Nawaz1*, Muhammad Dawood1, Kainat Javaid1, Muhammad Imran2, Fengliang Zhao3, Shahzadi Saima4 and Syed Tansir Hussain Shah2

Qaiser Shakeel1*, Rabia Tahir Bajwa1­, Yasir Iftikhar2, Mustansar Mubeen2, Muhammad Luqman3, Waqas Ashraf1 and Ifrah Rashid4

... no hazardous effects on environment as well as humans.

...

Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Latif4, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Sarfraz Hussain5, Aneela Riaz6 and Abid Niaz2

Taqi Raza1*, Kashif Nazir Qureshi2, Shakeel Imran2, Neal Samuel Eash3 and Imma Bortone4

...or irrigation has caused environmental and health issues. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the treated effluents of textile, ghee and chemical industries for major heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Fe) and other basic analysis (pH, EC, TSS and TDS). Effluent samples were collected from the discharge of industries entering into main wastewater collecting channel located in Faisalabad city. Heavy metals contents were determined via atomic absorpt...

Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sarfraz Hussain3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1 and Aneela Riaz4

Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar1*, Fiaz Hussain1 and Shabbir Ahmed2

...t, this strategy is both environmentally and health-friendly. In Pakistan, we consider using leaf removal therapy to treat grape bunch rot disease because it is the least expensive.

...

Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz3

Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Humaira Ramzan1, Mudassar Hafeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Sher Muhammad4 and Muhammad Latif4

... were found under saline environment when maximum concentration of Si was applied i.e. 100 µg Si/g and least values were obtained when no Si was applied. Thus, application of Si as higher concentration (100 µg Si/g soil) proved superior to mitigate harmful effects of salts on rice plants.

...

Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Sana Majeed1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Luqman2, Asad Abdullah1 and Muhammad Afzal3

...ical insecticides are an environment-friendly approach and have been used in integrated pest management for various insect pests. Here we tested the effect of emamectin benzoate 1.9% EC alone and with botanicals; Parthenium hysterophorus L. and Moringa oleifera L. on the digestibility indices and survival of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The P. hysterophorus extract at 50 mg concentration was comparable to the alone application of ema...
Zhi Wang1*, Wenhua Liu2 and FadaoTai3
...d in a simulated natural environment, activity patterns and time budgets were investigated. The results showed that the species was clearly nocturnal but varied greatly in the number of daily activity bouts showing bimodal patterns in winter, trimodal patterns in spring and summer, even tetramodal patterns in autumn. It is possible that they are the most active in autumn and they reduce activity times per bout in winter to reduce energy loss arising from prolo...
Sajid Ali1, Muhammad Avais1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Kamran Ashraf2, Saira Jabeen1, Sajid Hameed3, Muhammad Awais1, Jawaria Ali Khan1 and Imtiaz Ahmad4 
...ming. Similarly, cows in environmentally controlled sheds had a 2.6 times higher probability of lameness than cows kept in open sheds. Moreover, prevalence of lameness was significantly associated (P<0.05) with the seasons of the year; highest in wet summer while lowest in spring. Among the hoof and claw lesions, sole ulcer was significantly (P <0.05) more prevalent than white line disease, sole hemorrhage or inter-digital dermatitis. It wa...

Muhammad Yamin1*, Usama Ali Zafar1, Ghulam Usman2, Muhammad Nauman1, Muhammad Rizwan3, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Azhar Ali1 and Usman Haider1

...gh yield in a controlled environment. In the current study, the development and validation of IoT system consisting of monitoring and control units were carried out for controlling the environmental factors in tunnel farming. Three tunnels were set for monitoring the environmental factors using temperature, humidity and soil moisture sensors. Two of three tunnels were fit with control unit...

Md. Mukthar Mia1 and Mahamudul Hasan2

...gh contact interactions, environmental pollutants, and the host reservoir, like a stray dog, could be feasible. Distressingly, such a pathogen is currently endemic in Asian nations, including India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and China. Thus, the literature review encompassed comprehensive knowledge concerning contemporary disease occurrence with causes and transmission imperative for management practice. Besides, the study converged on afresh advanced treatment pr...

Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhmmad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2, Afzal Zahid2, Muhammad Kashif3 and Zeshan Ali4

...-20. GGE biplot and mega environment analysis were employed to identify the most stable and high yielding chickpea advance strains. GGE biplot among PC1 and PC2 illustrated that G-10 (K-15019) was ideal genotype performing best across the environments. Higher yield potential coupled with more yield stability across all test environments was recorded in G-10 (K-15019) followed by G-2 (CH47/...
Sana Ilyas1, Muhammad Hidayat Rasool1,*, Muhammad Javed Arshed2, Muhammad Usman Qamar1 and Bilal Aslam1
.... coli from poultry, environment and poultry farm workers in Islamabad and Rawalpindi Pakistan.A total of 250 poultry samples, 92 poultry environmental samples, and 50 poultry farm worker’s urine samples were screened for ESBL producing E. coli using ChromeIDTM ESBL agar. Biochemical confirmation of the isolates was carried out by API 20E. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiling and phenotypic ...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Muhammad Umair Sial2, Naeem Iqbal2 and Shafqat Saeed2
...oxic pollutants from the environment. Several insect pests like thrips, whiteflies, mealy bugs and caterpillars attack on these plants. Among them, leaf eating caterpillar, Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is serious insect pest for these precious plant species in various countries. The larvae of the pest can cause 80-100% defoliation. The various confirmed host of T. varians include Ficus benjamina, F. religiosa, F. benghalensis, F. caraica, F. infe...

Sehrish Khudadad1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Ahmed Zia3, Mian Sayed Khan4, Gulnaz Parveen5, Muhammad Kamal Sheikh6*, Falak Naz7, Muhammad Qasim8 and Syed Waqar Shah9

...hey act as soil turners, environmental indicators, pollinators, seed dispersal/ orchid seed removal agent and scavengers. Ants can be both prey and predators for the crops and various insects. They also spread human diseases. Ant fauna is poorly known in Pakistan. As Pakistan occupies an important biogeographic position and the taxonomic studies on ants of Pakistan are badly needed. During this study ant specimens were collected from different localities of di...

D. N. Abd-elshafy1, 2 and M. M. Bahgat2, 3

... that can be detected in environmental or clinical samples. Its replication in cell culture is slow and so cytopathic effect might take up to two weeks to appear making it not easy to detect presence of virus. the present work aimed to study effect of inhibiting HepG2 cellular proteases on replication rate of the virus. Plaque infectivity count assay was carried out using safe concentrations of the cocktail protease inhibitor MixG and its five components: ABES...

Elharony, S.B.1,3, SaharA.Youssef2 and Richard F. Lee3

...xpensive
and environmentally hazardous reagents and equipment. It can be
performed even in low technology laboratories. The amount of tissue
required by this method is ∼50–100 mg. The quantity and the quality
of the nucleic acid extracted by this method is high enough to
perform hundreds of PCR-based reactions and also to be used in
other DNA manipulation techniques such as restr...

Arshad Abdulkhalq Yaseen1,2* and Mária Takácsné Hájos1

...reasing the yield, using environmentally friendly products are essential for human health and environmental protection. This research was aimed to assess the possible role of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract (MLE) in improving some quality parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under plastic tunnel conditions. In this regard, three different lettuce varieties (May King, Kobak and Great Lakes) were grown in sp...

Asfand Raheel1, Syed Zulfiqar Ali2, Muhammad Waris2, Muhammad Basharat2, Basheer Ahmed2, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder4 and Taqi Raza4*

Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Hussein A. Hussein2

...pread to the surrounding environment. The evaluation methods of the AI vaccines are very important
for controlling the license of the bad vaccines. Comparative studies between the invitro and invivo
methods for 8 types of AI vaccines (5 batches for each) to evaluate their efficacies were done.
Methods: The invivo method, was done through the vaccination-challenge pathway of SPF chickens
to estimate the protection...
Arslan Mahmood Ahmad1, Muhammad Ameen Jamal1, Abdul Sattar1,  Aamir Ghafoor2, Aqeel Javeed3 and Amjad Riaz1*
...ishment, is sensitive to environmental impact. Any detrimental effect to this unit may lead to major abnormalities in future development. Artificial activation of oocyte is a one of key step in cloning. Strontium chloride (SrCl2), a calcium oscillation inducing salt, is commonly used for the artificial activation mouse oocytes; however, limited reports are available to evaluate its negative impact. The objective of this study was to optimize the con...
Nehafta Bibi1,2, Faiq Jan3, Munawar Saleem Ahmad4 and Haitao Wang1,5,*
...r food in light abundant environment and raise their broods in dark cavities. However their visual performance in dim light conditions is largely unknown. Here, we compared light intensity threshold of activity in two groups of passerines, i.e. secondary cavity and non-cavity nesting. For this purpose, different species of secondary cavity and non-cavity nesting passerines were subjected to two phases of trials: in the first trial birds were released in...
Wen-Feng Li, Rong-Yue Zhang, Jiong Yin, Hong-Li Shan, Xiao-Yan Cang, Zhi-Ming Luo, Xiao-Yan Wang, Jie Li and Ying-Kun Huang*
...e and seek effective and environmentally friendly control technology for sugarcane borers, promote environmentally friendly control for sugarcane pests, new sex pheromone trap of sugarcane borers, Abamectin•Bacillus thuringiensis and Tebufenozide were selected and applied for control of Sesamia inferens Walker and Argyroploce schistaceana (Snellen). The results showed that new sex pheromone trap of ...
Abeera Razzaq1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3 and Qingyou Liu3
...significant interest for environmental toxicology studies. Thepresent research was conducted to assess the genotoxic potential of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) mixture to fish Labeo rohita by using micronuclei assay. Fish were exposed to the four sub-lethal doses (26.61, 13.30, 19.98 and 7.98 mgL-1) of Cr+Cr mixture for 28 days and blood was sampled after 7 days interval. A group (n=10) of fish were also kept in clean water (negative control=...

Ghani Akbar*, Muhammad Asif and Zafar Islam

...endations under the wide environmental conditions of rain-fed areas of the country.

...
Song Jiang1,2,3, Xianbin Mo1,2, Falin Zhou2,3, Jianhua Huang2,3, Qibin Yang2,3, Lishi Yang2,3 and Shigui Jiang2,3*
...n effect of genotype and environment. The results showed that the average body weight and survival rate of P. monodon in Diet A group were higher than those of Diet B group, and the heritability of P. monodon in Diet A and Diet B group was 0.53±0.12 and 0.39±0.09, respectively, which belonged to high heritability, and the heritability of survival after transformation was 0.38 and 0.22, respectively, which varied from medium to high ...
Bingjie Zhou1, Hitesh Bhagavanbhai Mangukiya1, Siva Bharath Merugu1, Fakhar-un-Nisa Yunus1, Yuchen Fan1, Zhenghua Wu1,* and Dawei Li1,2,*
...nal promoting tumor microenvironment formation. Beside cancer progression and drug resistance, the abnormal expression of AGR2 is also involved in diseases like asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. Studies on the role of AGR2 in tumor micro-environment can help potential therapeutic development. Here, we report the generation of a fluorescent functional AGR2 fusion protein as a powerful visual tracking tool to trace the ex...
Donglai Li1,Mei Han1,Huw Lloyd2, Linyu Jin1, Lei Zhang1, Jiangxia Yin1 and Dongmei Wan1*
... the absence of strictly environmental pressure on males that would favor discrimination may account for a lack of an adjustment in feeding effort. The absence of discrimination between own and EPP chicks in parental care suggests that females pay no fitness cost as a result of EPCs, which may explain the high frequency of EPY in nests.
...
Hassan Shahzad Khan1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Asim Gulzar1
...d negative impact on the environment and non-target organisms. To overcome these problems, emphasis is being laid for alternatives such as biopesticides which are environmental friendly and economical. Therefore, in the present study, the toxicity of eight plant extracts and their green synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated against A. albopictus. The maximum mortality of 88% of 3rd instar larvae of...
Maimoona Imran1,2, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Hafsa Saeed2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...-essential metals in the environment have posed a serious threat to all kinds of life. Bioremediation is considered as the best possible solution among the existing ones to reduce this kind of pollution. In the current study, copper resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains KW and CC were investigated for their bioremediation potential. Maximum uptake of Cu++ by mid log phase cultures of KW and CC was 19.26 and 28.77µg per mg cell dry wei...

Muhammad Madni Afzal1*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Amer Habib1, Waqas Ashraf2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3, Muhammad Raheel2 and Qaiser Shakeel2

...ontinuously destroys the environment and human health. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the fungicidal efficacy of desert plant extracts against basal rot of onion in the laboratory, greenhouse and field. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for in-vitro study and randomized complete block design (RCBD) for greenhouse and field experiments. Three desert plants i.e. Gossypium thurberi, Calotropis procera and Suaeda fruticose were used a...

Javed Anwar Shah1, Azhar Iqbal1, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Aslam3, Muneer Abbas4 and Ilyas Ahmad5*

...e world. Under favorable environmental conditions AB epidemics may cause partial to complete yield loss. Chickpea faces several biotic and abiotic stresses. Among biotic factors chickpea blight is most important factor responsible for drastic decline in productivity. Other disease management approaches are not more efficient and economical except to exploit the host plant resistance mechanism. The present study for screening of 60 elite chickpea lines was carr...

M. Azam, Iqtidar Hussaian*, Ghazanfar ullah, A.A. Khakwani, M.S. Baloch, K. Waseem, M. Amjed Nadeem and M.K. Javaid 

...he most prominent global environmental issues and there is a need to evaluate its impact on agriculture. It is need of the hour to determine suitable transplanting time for rice in this changing climate scenario to have better yield. The experiment was conducted to study the response of transplanting dates and seedlings densities on fine rice variety “Super Basmati” at Agronomic Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail K...
Arshad Khan1, Mohammad Ihsan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Mohammad Nisar1, Muhammad Laiq1, Maryam Bibi1, Nasir Ali2, Ulfat Naz1, Muhammad Zakria1, Nausheen Nazir3, Adam Khan4 and Muhammad Asif Nawaz5
...are adaptable to various environments.

...

Izaz Hussain, Ahmad Khan* and Habib Akbar 

...equired for avoiding the environmental pollution. However, the bulky application of FYM and slow decomposition limits its widespread application by farmers as a source of nutrients. With the objectives of improving soil mineral N availability and its impact on maize growth, two years field experiments were conducted at the University of Agriculture Peshawar in 2017 and 2018. The experiment included three factors i.e. beneficial microbe (BM: 25 and 50 L ha-1) a...

Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman

...heck cultivars), a multi-environment experiment was conducted at three locations for two years; The University of Agriculture, Peshawar; Agriculture Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra; Agriculture Research Station, Buner; and at one location for one year; Agriculture Research Station , Kohat, during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Data were recorded on tillers m-2, grains spike-1 and kernel weight. Analysis of variance indicated that the main envi...
Tanmoy Mandal1 and Sunil Kr. Ghosh2*
...lanthes extracts will be environmentally sound and eco-friendly and is recommended for leaf miner control to promote organic farming.
...
Mona Kadry, Sara Mohamed Nader*, Esraa A. Elshafiee and Zeinab S. Ahmed
...chicken in harboring and environmental spread of ESBL and carbapenemase - producing Salmonella spp, which could pose a potential hazard to human and animal health. A total of 334 chicken meat samples, 197 eggshells and 160 human stool specimens were included in this study. The presence of salmonellae spp. was examined using bacteriological isolation and serological identification. PCR amplification of the ESBL and carbapenemase-encoding genes was performed. Th...
Kanwal Haneef1,2, Rakhshinda Habib1,3, Nadia Naeem1,3 and Asmat Salim1,*
... depending upon the microenvironment, the fusion products may perform tissue-specific function. Stem cell factor (SCF) is one of the important cytokine for cardiomyocyte survival following cardiac injury. The main objective of the present study is to determine the fusion potential of SCF transfected MSCs and cardiomyocytes (CMs). Rat bone marrow MSCs were transfected with SCF through retroviral system and co-cultured with rat CMs. Co-culture of SCF transfected...
Sen Liu1,2, Yue Zhu2, Haixia Leng2, Ying Wang1, Xiangju Yin1 and Yajun Zhao1*
...ating processes, and the environmental adaptability of Chiropteran animals.
...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Safdar Ali Mirza2, Sumera Sajjad3, Shaukat Ali1,*, Muhammad Faiz Qamar4 and Ikram Ul Haq5
...lem in both clinical and environmental settings. Various gram negative bacteria exhibit biofilm formation mediated by flagellum-mediated motility. Type III protein secretion systems of several gram-negative bacterial pathogens use flagella to invade foreign surfaces, host tissues and substrates. Flagellar biosynthesis and function in Salmonella typhimurium isregulated by >50 genes. Bioinformatics analysis of flagellar assembly in S. typhimurium
Hui Wang1,2, Yuchen Zhao1 and Xinpu Wang1,*
...rsity and its associated environmental factors were less reported in northern China. The relationship between the activity-density of carabid beetles and environmental factors was conducted under three different grassland management regimes (typical enclosure, enclosed mowing, and farmer grazing practice) in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, northwestern China, from May to September 2017. Eighteen species from nine genera w...

Kawa A. Ali1*, Sazar S. Noraldeen2 and Arshad A. Yaseen2, 3

...m L.) in three different environments (open field, lath house and plastic house) to indicate the best method of chlorophyll estimation. After 80 days from sowing chlorophyll estimation was implemented first by nondestructive methods using SPAD (SPAD-502 Plus Konica Minolta Tokyo, Japan) and atLEAF chlorophyll meter (at-LEAF FT-GREEN-LLC Willington, DE, USA) instruments, then the same leaves were cut and chlorophyll estimation were done by destructive methods u...

Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Muhamamd Ibrahim3, Fengliang Zhao4, Rumsha Hassan2, Humaira Nawaz5, Muhammad Usman Saleem6, Kinat Javed2, Ayesha Komal2 and Hajra Naz2

...hich naturally exists in environment in small proportion but continuously increasing due to anthropogenic activities. The rapid increase in population is putting pressure on urbanization, agriculture and industrialization which have resulted in gradual increase in Cd level. It is released from industries as an impurity and pollutes soil, water and air in different ways. High solubility in water increases its mobility in the soil ecosystem. The use of sludge an...
Zhongyong Wu1, Wenzhu Li2, Chunxia Ni1, Zhuolin He1, Xiao Hou1 and Wanxia Pu1*
... practices, geographical environments, and the use of antibiotics may be the reasons for the varied distribution of different genotypes in those provinces.
...
Ayman Balla Mustafa1, Abdalla Elgenaidi1, Aldukali Alkeskas1, Asim Faraz2,*, Ahmed Eisa Elhag3, Mohanad Bashari4 and Bernard Faye5
...ged together at the same environmental conditions under intensive system. Collection of milk samples started at second week postpartum and continued biweekly interval up to end of 4th month postpartum. The total fat, protein, lactose, solid non-fat (SNF) and density percentages were determined by automatic milk analyzer device (lactoscan Model-90, Europe). Results elucidated that there was no significant difference of lactose and fat content between...

Nasir Mahmood Cheema1*, Ghulam Shabbir2 and Nazakat Nawaz3

... very much influenced by environmental conditions. Fatty acid composition of Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) reflects its oil quality. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to see the Pothwar environmental condition effects on quality of castor bean oil. For the purpose, castor bean oil (Ricinus communis L.) two years experimental data from the stand point of oil content and oil quality were collected and analyzed ha...

Hidayatullah1*, Sammia Mahroof1, Saleem Abid2, Naveeda Anjum3, Noor Habib4, Akhter Saeed5 and Muhammad Arshad Farooq1

...atly affected by erratic environmental conditions. So, it is important to assess yield stability in diverse environments. Therefore, stability analysis of six chilli advance breeding lines; NARC Chilli-1, NARC Chilli-2, NARC Chilli-3, NARC Chilli-4, NARC Chilli-5, NARC Chilli-6 was carried out. F1 hybrid ‘Big Daddy’ was used as check. Plant material was figured out under Randomised complete Block Design with thre...

Muhammad Zubair Ishaq1, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2*, Saghir Ahmad2, Amna Bibi2, Hafeez UR Rehman3, Umar Farooq3, Javaria Ashraf4 and Samaria Nisar4

...owing time in a specific environment. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the yield potential of different cotton genotypes under different sowing dates (early to late). In 2019 and 2020, a field experiment was conducted at Cotton Research Station, Sahiwal, Pakistan. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The main plot comprised six sowing dates with an interval of 1...
Diana Rachmawati1*, Johannes Hutabarat1, Olga Anne2, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3 and Tita Elfitasari1
...ation of the aquaculture environment. Floating net aquaculture engineering of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskål, 1775) on Bacillus subtilis supplementation in the diet is one of the solutions to overcome the deterioration of the aquaculture environment caused by the accumulation of dieting waste. The purpose of the research was to study the effects of B. subtilis supplementatio...
Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo3, Muhammad Luqman4, Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1 and Mujahid Tanvir1
...se pests poses issues of environmental contaminations and health hazards and suggests looking for alternate biorational plant protection measures such as botanical pesticides. This study evaluated the potential toxicity of acetone extracts of 40 indigenous plant species of Soon valley and surrounding salt range (Punjab, Pakistan) against D. citri and A. gossypii using standard twig-dip and leaf-dip bioassay methods, respectively. Results of initial screening b...
Bushra Shaikh, Sadia Muniza Faraz*, Syed Riaz un Nabi Jafri, Syed Usman Ali
...nterprets the map of the environment, expressed by grid based model and generates an optimal or near optimal path. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated by simulation studies using MATLAB and VREP. The algorithm is verified by a sensors based robotic setup with three different maps. The experimental results verified self-localization technique with an accuracy of 98 % for a mobile robot prototype in an indoor environment. T...

Najam-un-Nisa1, Ruqia Bibi1, Balqees Riaz1, Bushra Khalil1, Iqra Maheen1, Saima1, Uzma Islam Khan1 and Inam Ullah1,2*

...e the best indicator for environmental changes hence the migratory birds fauna was observed during September to March of the year 2017-1019. Point transect method was used to explore the avifauna diversity at study site. In current study, total of 13,933 birds belonging to 39 species, 21 families were observed. Among these 39 species, 33 bird’s species were terrestrial and the rest of 21 bird’s species were aquatic. In water birds species, Great Eg...

Hasnain Raza1*, Maryam Maqsood2, Muhammad Muzamil Nazir1, Iqra Tariq1, Kaynat Ahmed1, Qurat-ul-Ain1, Ali Raza2, Huda Bilal3, Muhammad Bilal Shoukat1, Attiq ur Rehman1, Awais Rasheed1 and Muhammad Zeshan Gulzar1

...highlighted as a serious environmental concern due to heavy metal buildup in soils and food crops, as well as potential health hazards to humans from ingesting these foods.  Human health hazards are becoming more crucial as wastewater irrigation increases because exposure to a variety of toxins must be evaluated against the advantages to food security and livelihoods. By irrigating treated wastewater, the danger of human exposure to heavy metal contaminat...

Huda Bilal1, Hasnain Raza2*, Kaynat Ahmed2, Iqra Tariq2, Qurat-ul-Ain2, Sana Sarfaraz1, Sanaullah1, Maryam Maqsood3 and Ali Raza3

...imate change is a severe environmental concern that is affecting land (plants, soil, microbes, animals, and arthropods) and aquatic biodiversity (waterbodies, phytoplankton, coral reefs, and fishes) drastically.

...

Junaid Ahmad1, Shahzeb Javed2*, Mehmood Khan1, Shadman1, Muhammad Farooq3*, Muhammad Saleem4, Rahila Afzal5, Muhammad Aasim6, Naqeeb Ullah7, Muhammad Noman Khan8, Dawood8 and Naila Ilyas9

...ain a sanitary and clean environment.

...

Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Pervaiz Khan2 and Fozia Gull3

...e relationship among the environmental and host effects on the outbreak of this crucial pest. The research work was conducted in two gardens (50 hectors) of mango fields of Mirpur Khas, known as mango land of Sindh during (2014-2015) seasons. The two sites of garden with different varieties of mango were selected and 10 traps hanged in (1hector) trees. Methyl eugenol (volatile chemical) embedded in homemade (plastic bottles) traps with cotton soaked. Traps wer...
Dong-Min Hou1, Ting Jia2, Chun-yan Liu1, Zheng-Kun Wang1 and Wan-Long Zhu1*
...ant role in the survival environment of T. belangeri to adapt to the fluctuation of food resources.
...
Gong Xue-na1, Jia Ting2, Zhang Di2 and Zhu Wanlong1*
...ns to cope with seasonal environmental changing, such as temperature, photoperiod, and food etc. To investigate the physiological and behavioral adaptation strategies in Eothenomys miletus of different areas from Hengduan mountain regions in response to high-fat diet, E. miletus in Jianchuan (JC) and Xianggelila (XGLL) were fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks and returned to a low-fat (LF) diet for another 4 weeks, body mass, food intake, restin...

Hamida Bibi1*, Dave Rraffaelli2 and Muhammad Sharif1

...r and to reveal the real environmental condition of ponds and canal system of North Yorkshire, UK. Samples of benthic communities from eight different stations were collected from the bed of ponds and canals with a pond net. The sites were varying in their qualities as determined in the laboratory by Average Score Per Texon (ASPT) as well as water conductivity. For most sites the body mass distributions were skewed towards smaller body sizes with another appar...

Nazeer Ahmed Lashari1*, Saghir Ahmed Sheikh2, Aijaz Hussain Soomro2 and ShamsuddinTunio3

...marized that the storage environments & packaging material significantly influences the physical, chemical & cooking properties of the white rice during the storing period. Findings can be helpful to the exporter, farmers and households in the selection of packaging material and storage environments for white rice storage.

...
Amin Arif1, Khizar Samiullah1*, Riffat Yasin2, Bilal Rasool1, Shakila Naz1, Xijun Ni3 and Saleem Akhtar1
...d comprehensively. Palaeoenvironment, biostratigraphy and geology of the locality have also been discussed. The coexistence of Giraffokeryx punjabiens with its mammalian paleo-community reveals the persistence of mosaics of diverse habitats ranging from tropical evergreen forest to subtropical ones, closed seasonal woodlands to wooded savannas during the deposition of the Dhok Bun Ameer Khatoon, Chinji Formation.
...

Mst. Deloara Begum1, Md. Muniruzzaman1, Md. Salauddin2* and Md. Mostafizer Rahman1

...sues of fish and aquatic environment are extremely susceptible to microbial contamination. In this research a total of 79 samples were collected from different local market. In which 54 samples were from dried fish and 25 from cooked fish samples. In this research there were 18 different types of dried fish and 6 types of cooked fish were used as a sample. Laboratory work was done by different bacteriological laboratory methods and purified isolates were ident...
Ikechukwu Eugene Onah*, Ifeoma Esther Aniaku, Jude Ifeanyi Okwor and Ada Sylvester Haruna
...y while knowledge of the environmental factor that bridges the gap between the crow and man is lacking. This study evaluated the plasma biochemistry profile of C. albus and the environmental factor that bridges the gap between man and crow through which disease pathogens could be transmitted. The plasma biochemistry parameters of C. albus determined in this study are higher in females than in the males but the ...
Sohail Anjum1, Awais Ahmad1, Farzana Bibi1 and Hazrat Ali2*
... can easily adapt to new environment where food supply and garbage are found in abundance. Their intelligence is also acknowledged duly. They are also obligate to human presence. We can assume that “where there is human, there is house crow essentially”. The present article documents the ecology of this bird in Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The house crow population has reached a considerable size in the study area. The species has colon...

Iffat Nawaz1*, Tahseen Zeb1, Bibi Saima Zeb2 and Javaria Sherani3

...tically controlled as no environmental influence was observed based on two years data. Therefore, these traits can be considered to identify and distinguish landraces from each other, may be used as morphological markers in maintaining germplasm purity. 

...

Ruqia Bibi1, Najam-un-Nisa1, Sania Komal1, Hafiza Nimra Ghani Qureshi1, Maryam Safdar1, Hafiza Hina Jameel1, Saman Gul1, Sania Saeed1 and Inam Ullah1,2*

... the best indicators for environmental changes, the migratory bird’s fauna was observed from September to March 2017-2019. The line-transect method was used to explore the avifauna diversity at the study site. 16371 individuals were observed belonging to 11 families belonging to approximately 38 species during the present study. The relative abundance was found to be 1, the Shannon-wiener diversity index (H´) was calculated as 3.43, the Simpson ind...

Ayesha Khan1*, Asmatullah2, Urooba Perviaz1, Khalid Nawab1 and Mahmood Iqbal1

...igations and to minimize environmental and health hazards.

...

Sonam Khatri1, Shaheen Faizi2, Shahina Fayyaz1 and Erum Iqbal1*

...poses negative impact on environment and biodiversity which create urgency in development of an alternative biosafe measure to control these pests. In this regards, researchers have focused on the use of phytopesticides which are eco-friendly and easily accessible and degradable in soil as compared to synthetic chemcials. The given information in this review article highlights the importance of Citrullus colocynthis L. Schrad as a promising biological and pest...

Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi

... while safe guarding the environment from pollution.

...
Iqra Mobeen1*, Rabia Arif1*,Maimoona Ilyas1, Siu Fai Lee2 and Muhammad Saleem1
...be adaptive in stressful environmental conditions. Genotyping of eight SNPs of RK-MTases genes of S. fimicola was accomplished by designing allele specific primers via amplification refractory mutation system–PCR (ARMS-PCR) yielding amplicons of different sizes. This study concluded that SNP markers are an efficient and informative marker system in S. fimicola. Most of the studied SNPs are ...

Adel M. Abdelrahman1, Sahar R. Mohamed1, Soliman M. Soliman2, Sherif Marouf3* 

...which adapt with adverse environmental conditions and provide milk, meat, wool, hides, and skin. Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa is harbor multidrug antimicrobial resistance of camel has serious consequences for human health, so, this study aimed to characterized of P. aeruginosa especially extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing one; phenotypic and genotypic. The isolates of P. aeruginosa were confirmed biochemically by a Vitek 2 compact sys...
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...fe forms. It has various environmental, food, medical industrial and biotechnological applications. Twenty strains were isolated on chitinase producing medium (CPM) from soil samples collected from local termites’ influenced areas. Of all these, three isolates gave positive test for chitinase screened on the bases of clear zone on CPM following chitinase assay. The best chitinase producer was selected and identified as Bacillus subtilis employing ...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Misbah Rizwan2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Muhammad Sabar1, Muddassar Ali1 and Muhammad Yasir Ali4
...ensions about health and environmental hazards, exposure risks, residual perseverance and development of resistance. So there is a need to find out an alternate practice for the management of this pest. Pest damage may be reduced through the proper management of nutrients requirements and modifications with mineral nutrients such as Silicon (Si). In this experiment, Si amendments, at the rate of 1.25 and 2.50 g Sikg-1 soil were applied under control...

Najeeb Ullah1*, Muhammad Nadeem2, Malik Mujaddad-ur-Rehman1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Yasir Arfat3

...conomically feasible and environment friendly by utilizing the industry waste.
...
Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sadia Nawaz1, Iqra Ameer1, Ameer Khatoon1, Hameed Ur Rehman3, Sahibzada Muhammad Jawad4 and Haider Ali5
...ecies adapted to similar environmental conditions. However, all other parameters like red blood cells, hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, white blood cells, lymphocytes, mid-range cells, granulocytes and other less important parameters including platelets, red cell distribution width-standard deviation, red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, Plateletcrit and Platelet-Large cell rati...
Nabila Rasheed1*, Bushra Waseem1, Kanwal Haneef2, Shumaila Usman3, Madeeha Sadiq1, Tabinda Urooj1, Sarah Tarique2 and Dabeeran Zeha4
...rse effects on perinatal environment. This study was designed for the comparative analysis of viability and healing properties of GDM affected WJMSCs (GDM-WJMSCs) with Normal controls (N- WJMSCs). Mesenchymal stromal cells were isolated from Wharton’s jelly of human umbilical cords from normal and gestational diabetic mothers. Cell viability was tested by trypan blue exclusion method and wound healing potential by scratch assay method. Healing of the scr...

Noha M. El-Shabrawy1, Atef M. Kamel2, Aza S. Goda1, Gehad R. Donia1, Ahmed M. Salah-Eldein2* 

...ants introduced into the environment. Continuous monitoring of such pollutants required an indicator sensitive to environmental toxins and represents its accumulative effect. The aim of the present study is to determine the preferable tissue and bird that can be used as a bio-indicator for heavy metals pollution in El-Salam Canal which is considered as an important source of water for land irrigation and drinking of livestoc...
Ali Ikhwan1*, Dian Indratmi1, Faridlotul Hasanah1, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum2,3 and Irum Iqrar4,5
...fungicide that harms the environment. The purple Cleome plant (Spider plant – Cleome rutidosperma Linn.) can be extracted and function as an organic fungicide for environment-friendly control. This research aimed to examine the type and concentration of purple cleome extract metabolites and understand their effectiveness in inhibiting C. capsici. Purple cleome leaf is extracted with 1:1 w/v absolute metha...

K.M. Injarul Haque, Sharmeen Islam*, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan, Md. Ruhul Amin 

...ant feed by reducing the environmental pollution.

Keywords | Environmental pollution, Silage, Metabolizable energy, Organic matter digestibility, Physical properties 

...

Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sehar Khalid3, Rimsha Kanwal2, Iqra Ameer1, Sadia Nawaz1 Aamir Khan4, Abid Ur Rehman5, Muqaddas Kousar6, Shafa Ullah Khan7 and Nadia Nazir7

...acterial and fungal) and environmental stress. Different drugs have been used against several infections, but sometimes they produce toxic effect in fish body and deteriorate the water quality, which in turn decrease the output of the aquaculture. To overcome these issues, herbal products are used in aquaculture and these are the perfect immune stimulator, antibiotic alternative and growth promotor. The current research was conducted to assess the effect of va...

Shireen S. Aboelwafa¹, Alsagher O. Ali², Rania Hamada³, Hassan Y.A.H. Mahmoud2* 

...biological indicators of environmental contamination with T. gondii and N. caninum oocysts. In addition, in developing countries such as Egypt, where sheep and goat meat is commonly consumed, T. gondii and N. caninum infection in small ruminants may also affect public health risks. So that we estimate the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum infections in Egyptian small ruminants, by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the seroprevalenc...

Kusuma Adhianto*, Satria Ibnu Lenanto, Akhmad Dakhlan, Muhamad Dima Iqbal Hamdani 

...w positive value, and an environmental correlation of 0.47 which is a high positive value. The results of this study indicate that environmental factors have a major influence on goat performance. Based on the results of research, it can be concluded that selection of female Saburai goat based on weaning weight would improve yearling weight, and also improvement of environmental factors su...

Hera Gul Mohmmand1, Rozina Gul1, Hamayoon Khan2, Sheraz Ahmed1*, Laila Fayyaz1, Ajmalud Din1 and Imtiaz Ali1

...obtained for genotype by environment (GE) interaction for all traits except plant height. Application of phosphorus enormously improved seed yield in all chickpea genotypes. Based on mean data, chickpea plants with P application produced more seed number plant-1 (60.9), pods plant-1 (57.3) and seed yield (557.2 kg ha-1). Higher seed yields were produced by genotypes NDC-4-20-1 (1004 kg ha-1) and NKC-5-S-15 (851 kg ha-1). Seed yield had significantly negative p...
Zane Vincevica-Gaile1, Karina Stankevica1, Maris Klavins1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Damat Damat3*, Praptiningsih Gawawati Adinurani4, Lili Zalizar5, Muhammad Zul Mazwan6, Juris Burlakovs7
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi8,9, Rista Anggriani3 and Aamir Sohail10
 
 
...in, it can be considered environmentally unfriendly and unsustainable. Seeking peat-substituting materials is of crucial importance on a global scale and may become a vitally significant assignment for future generations. The necessity for peat-free soil amendments is also directed by the targets of circular economy and environmental sustainability goals, leading to reducing or abandoning the use of fossil resources and payi...

Yao Zou, Shien Ren, Miao Xu, Nannan Liang, Xuxin Zhang, Chongxuan Han and Xiaoning Nan

...the correlations between environmental factors and skull measurements for each species. The results of variance analysis indicated that three zokors showed male-biased sexual size dimorphism except for E. baileyi. We also found that there were significant differences of linear measurements among four species. The results of cluster analysis showed that the four species of zokors divided into two branches, one including E. cansus and E. rothschildi, the other E...

Mukhlisi Mukhlisi1,*, Tri Sayektiningsih2 and Ishak Yassir1

...dapt to various types of environments, particularly secondary forests, were most dominant. Nevertheless, the karst forests of Teluk Sumbang were also essential habitat for threatened and protected bird species.

...

Zein Ahmad Baihaqi1,2, Irkham Widiyono3*, Bambang Suwignyo4, Amado A. Angeles5 

...a negative impact on the environment. It requires special attention to the loss of feed energy from the methane gas formation process. Public fretfulness agreed that the gas produced by ruminants is a big factor in the effects of global warming. Alternative the decrease in methane production from ruminants is by utilizing secondary metabolite compounds in plants. These studies are interesting to be continued and explored in an effort to reduce methane producti...

Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed1, Aziz Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3*, Amna Bibi3, Hafeez-ur-Rehman4 and Umar Farooq4

...ssue overall and current environmental changes have even exacerbated it in the numerous areas of the world. Adverse effects were observed on plant growth and productivity under drought conditions. Total 40 wheat genotypes with diverse genetic makeup were assessed in glasshouse for seedling attributes against limited water conditions using completely randomized design during the season 2019-20 in the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Based on mean values reason...
Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Asim Gulzar1, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Tayyaba Zainab3
...desirable effects on the environment, non-target organisms and human health. Biopesticides such as plant extracts and green synthesized nanoproducts have received much attention as potentially useful bioactive compounds against mosquitoes. In the present study, the effects of extracts of four plants i.e. Azadirachta indica, Zingiber officinale, Syzygium aromaticum and Datura stramonium and their green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were evaluated aga...

Shumaila Nazir1, Iqbal Javed1, Muhammad Luqman2* and Azra3

...stan seek to improve the environment of exports with countries close to Pakistan and its neighbors. Policymakers should address the problems of Kinnow export and formulate policies. 

...

Gülseren Kırbas Dogan1,*, Emin Karakurt2, Mushap Kuru3 and Hilmi Nuhoglu2

...nchymal tissue. Genetic, environmental, teratogenic, faulty breeding selection, or feeding related anomalies can be observed either locally or systemically. This study aimed to evaluate in detail the various anomalies in six calves according to pathological and anatomical investigations. Six calves were delivered to the Department of Pathology at the Kafkas University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine between 2017 and 2019. These calves comprised one with anencep...

Ramy S. Yehia1,3, Essam A. Shaalan2* and Hashem M. Al-Sheikh1 

...d deleterious effects of environmental conditions on fungi capacity is required.

...

Omer Eyuboglu

...rsely affects the marine environment and marine based economic activities and applications. The transportation of NIS causes a decline in fish industries, spoilage of culture fishing stocks, rising production costs, adverse effects on human health and changes in biological diversity. The most prominent alien species in Turkish Black Sea waters are  species invasions which are witnessed in the Black Sea. The Black Sea, which has incurred significant losses...

Mohamed Attia Ahmed Awad1*, Obaida Abdel Kareem Almasri2, Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Mohamed Ibrahim1, Rabie Ragab Sadek1, Samy Abou-Bakr1

...emonstrate the effect of environmental factors on the pattern of the lactation curve. A total number of 1533 weekly test-day records were collected on 584 Shami cows during the period from 1983 to 2012, at Deir Al-Hajar station belonging to the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Syria. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model applied in XLSTATE software. The least squares means for the lactation curve parameters were 9.7 ± 0.12 kg fo...

Bilal Jan1, Farida Anjum1*, Aasma Bibi1, Syed Roohul Hussain1, Abdul Ahad1, Azeem ud Deen1, Zia Ullah2 and Farrakh Mehboob3

...y for the benefit of the environment and mankind.

...

Houria Bouazzara1,2,*, Rachid Chaibi 1,2, Farouk Benaceur 1,2,3, Amira Nouioua4 and Laura Bruno 5

...obic indicating the good environmental quality of Wadi M’zi River.

...

Tarık Bugra Saruhan and Alptug Sarı*

... agricultural drugs, and environmental pollution.

...

Halidou Maiga Nafissatou1*, Abdou Moussa Mahaman Maâouia2, Moumouni Issa1, Marichatou Hamani1 

...on that is influenced by environmental factors. Thus, within the framework of the genetic improvement of cattle, after the selection of the Azawak zebu in 1931, the crossing of this breed with the Alpine Brown by artificial insemination, is experimented in Niger. This work reports the first results of this introduction on growth and reproduction. Data from 52 crossbreds (75%, 50% and 25% of Alpine Brown blood degree) and 63 Azawak were used for reproduction pa...

Jan Clyden B. Tenorio

...h, veterinary health and environmental health. The interdependence of these three pillars highlights its importance as a holistic tool for inclusive development. With a prevailing pandemic that is caused by a zoonotic viral agent, One Health truly is the keyword of the times. Similarly, the numerous Neglected Tropical Diseases prevalent throughout the world also calls upon a One Health approach for their control, elimination and prevention. Public health veter...
Ilvir Khabibullin1*, Ruzel Khabibullin1, Irina Mironova1, Lyalya Musina2, Elmira Akhmadullina1, Victoria Morozova1 
... maintain their internal environment after maximum physical exertion. The conducted experiments showed that bioactive supplements of different nature optimized the homeostasis of the laboratory animals. It positively affected their skeletal and heart muscles, lung tissue, liver and kidneys, where immunity and blood cells develop. Although the swimming test at the beginning of the experiment showed that mice and hamsters had approximately the same indicators of...

Evrim Sönmez

... to engage in organic or environmentally sensitive agriculture. Although there are a large number of sources in literature on the mortality rates of Beauveria bassiana’s A. obtectus, studies on the effects on the biology of the pest, the number of eggs it lays and the number of adults emerging from beans after the application are limited. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of Beauveria bassiana (Nostalgist BL®) on the mortality ra...

Hafeez-ur-Rehman1*, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Saghir Ahmad2, Muhammad Akram2, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Shahid2, Muhammad Mehmood Iqbal2, Ali Raza2 and Muhammad Iqbal2

Mohammad Mahmudi1,2*, Muhammad Musa1,2, Sulastri Arsad1,2, Evellin Dewi Lusiana1,2, Alamanda Bunga1, Nur Azlina Wati1 

...es has destroyed coastal environments due to land conversion, particularly mangroves. Recently, the concept of eco-green aquaculture by integrating mangroves and shrimp ponds has been discussed as an attempt to preserve mangrove forests as well as using them as wastewater treatment for aquaculture sewage. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of integrated super-intensive shrimp aquaculture with mangroves in terms of water quality characteristics and...
Saeed Akram Khan1, Shahid Sherzada1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Durr-e-Shehwar1, Sonia Iqbal1, Usman Atique1,3, Farzana Abbas1, Sohail Ahmad2 and Muhammad Sultan Haider4
...onditions of the induced environment vary from place to place as well as the dose of ovaprim. The present investigation is focused on possible impact of different temperatures on the induced spawning behavior of C. mrigala. The factors investigated include the ovulation time, embryonic and larval development, and yolk sac absorption induced at 4 different water temperatures viz. 26, 29, 32 and 34 ºC. C. mrigala displayed the maximum release of eggs, ferti...

Laiba Ajmal1, Sidra Ajmal2, Maleeha Ajmal3, Gul Nawaz3, Rabail Hassan Toor4, Hooria Younas1, Tassaduq Hussain Sheikh5 and Raazia Tasadduq1*

...ptimal immune privileged environment that allows the developing fetus to avoid recognition and rejection. Any dysregulation in the crosstalk between the host’s immune system and the fetal allograft would result in rejection of the fetus, subsequently leading to miscarriages. The functioning of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system at the maternal fetus interface plays a pivotal role in acceptance of the fetus. Alterations in the modulated activity of HLA ...

Jabbar Khan1, Mehwish Jehan1, Zeeshan Mutahir2, Muhammad Rafi1, Muhammad Ismail1, Aamer Abbas1 and Jabbar Tanveer3

... response to heat-stress environmental conditions. Hence, vitamin E, in combination with Se improved the physiological and biochemical profile of blood in Damani goat.

...

Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Ezinwanne Nneoma Ezeibe1, Adaora Angela Agubata1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*

... E. coli tracking in the environment.

...

Asim Faraz1*, Bernard Faye2, Cem Tirink3, Ayman Balla Mustafa4, Amal AlKharusi5, Morteza Bitaraf Sani6, Nasir Ali Tauqir7, Muhammad Arslan Akbar8, Muhammad Usman Saleem9, Rana Muhammad Bilal7, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel10

...s where the disasters of environmental changes hit severely. The future hope for food security is a camel particularly for drought-stricken areas of the country, such as Cholistan, Thal, in Punjab, and Thar Deserts in Sindh. Camels have the ability to adapt to the harshest climatic conditions when kept for milk, meat, wool, and hides production. Camel production can be enhanced by reducing the age at puberty and calving interval. The current study was showing ...

Saima Naz1*, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2, Sajjad Ali2 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah3

...stem. Different types of environmental pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics cause changes in insect diversity and continuously have become threat to health of living organisms. Additionally, pollutants coming from traffic smoke also affect the interaction of insects with other insects and plants. Exposure of toxic level of heavy metals can cause DNA damage, learning, sensory disability and memory deficit. Major portion of insects have malfo...

Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Kamran Ashraf2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar4 and Nazia Rubab5

...re and human health, and environmental safety. A survey was conducted through questionnaire distribution among 1000 literate persons who could easily read English i.e. physicians, veterinarians, lawyers, livestock farmers, managers and other literate stakeholders. This survey comprised of a variety of questions related to one-health, use of antibiotics, antibiotics (ABs) residues in milk, meat and yogourt, the role of food safety, organizations, antibiotic res...
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi1,2*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3,4, Erkata Yandri3,4, Kiman Siregar5,6, Aris Winaya7, Damat Damat7, Wahyu Widodo7, Ahmad Wahyudi7, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani4,8
Maizirwan Mel9, Ivar Zekker10, Muhammad Zul Mazwan7, Devi Dwi Siskawardani7
Endang Dwi Purbajanti11 and Ida Ekawati12
...for biodiesel – an environmentally friendly renewable energy. In Indonesia, the palm oil industry plays an essential role in the national economy. However, negative issues in oil palm cultivation bring certain apprehension towards its industrial sector in implementing the concept of sustainable development. To overcome this, the sustainable certification has been developed through the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and Indonesia Sustainable Pa...
Bambang Yudi Ariadi1*, Rahayu Relawati1, Barbara Szymoniuk2 and Waris Ali Khan3
...ical inputs to make them environmentally friendly, increasing the selling price. This study aims to analyze the influence of product attributes, psychography, and demography on the purchase of organic vegetables, product attributes, demography, and purchase to the willingness to pay (WTP) for organic vegetables . The research was conducted in East Java, Indonesia, in May 2021, based on an online survey through social media. Questionnaires were filled by 95 res...

Man-Seok Shin1, Hyun-Ju Cho2 and Eun-Jae Lee3*

...bles among a total of 15 environmental variables within 4 factors (topography, natural environment, distance and climate). Twelve variables were significantly different between the breeding and randomly selected points. The final 10 variables were selected through Pearson’s correlation analysis. Using MaxEnt, breeding area was estimated using the 10 selected variables in Daejeon. The area under the receiver operating c...

M.A. Salam1,*, Sarada Kanta Bhagabati1, Rajdeep Datta1, H. Ramananda Singh2 and Gunajit Oinam2

...indicated a less healthy environment of the lake. Proper actions are needful by the concerned agencies with respect to the fish diversity of the lake and maintenance of sustainable fish production without sacrificing the lake’s ecosystem with the help of full participation of community.

...

Haroon1, Chen-Xu Ye1, Yu-Xin Li1, Hong-Xin Zhang1, Qing Liu1, Xiao-Hong Su1,2,3 and Lian-Xi Xing1,2,3,*

... reared in an artificial environment under darkness at Northwest University, Xian, China, from May 2018 to June 2019. After the inaugural colonies foundation, imagoes started egg-laying during 30-40 days. The hatching ratio increased gradually during the time. The femal+male (FM) worker reproductive (ergatoids) colonies were reported significantly (p<0.005) in egg-laying and chambers making than primary reproductives (imagoes). The morphological measurement...

Ahlam G. Khalifa1*, Walaa A. Moselhy1, Hanaa M. Mohammed2 and Khaled Abdou1 

...icides interact with the environmental and biological systems. Few studies on the genotoxicity of subchronic oral exposure to nano pesticides have been published. Male albino rats have been randomly divided into 4 identical groups. Group (I) had received only corn oil and acted as a control group. Group (II) had been given 3.855 mg/kg BW deltamethrin. Group (III) obtained deltamethrin loaded silica Nps at a dose of 8.795 mg/kg BW. The group (IV) obtained delta...

Nkiru E. Ekechukwu, Felicia N. Ekeh, Chinenye M. Ohanu, Hope C. Ezinwa and Ifeanyi Oscar N. Aguzie*

...preading diseases in the environment where they are found. Many insects are associated with animal feces and manure, and abattoirs are one of the important sources for such contacts and disease dissemination. We assumed that understanding the diversity of insect fauna might help to shade light on vector insect-borne diseases, prevalence and transmission rates in abattoir communities. Here we randomly selected three (Orba, Ikpa, and Obollo-afor) abattoirs in En...

Jawad Abdullah Butt1*, Yasmin Nergis1, Ahmad Hussain2 and Mughal Sharif1 

... of Thar coal assets for environment-friendly consumption in power production. In the current study, forty Thar coal samples from each Block II and adjacent Block VI were analyzed for their physicochemical and pyrolysis properties with the chemical configuration of coal ashes. The mean moisture content found in both Thar coal blocks (44.28-47.76%) respectively high as a similar volatile matter (31.06-32.54%) and low ash (6.71-6.95%). The mean sulfur percentage...

Mujahid Tanvir1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Mazhar Iqbal Zafar2, Muhammad Tariq3 and Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1

...e in field to reduce the environmental pollution caused by persistent synthetic insecticides. 

...

Rabia Goher, Inamullah and Mohammad Akmal*

...ressed in the prevailing environments. A high yielding genotype may not necessarily reflect its potential performance when subjected to a different Agro-Environment (AE). This study, therefore, aimed to assess the foremost developmental stages of the selected genotypes of wheat in three AE i.e. AEP (Peshawar), AEK (Kashmir) and AEC (Chitral). An experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block, having 3 replications. ...

Ikele*, Chika Bright, Ujunwa Aghaji, Mgbenka, Benard Obialo 

...h productivity with less environmental impact. A 28 days preliminary trial was conducted to evaluate the affect of biofloc technology application on Clarias gariepinus juveniles with emphasis on the growth performance and impact on physiological status. A total of two hundred and seventy juvenile Clarias gariepinus were randomly distributed into six plastic bioreactors groups (A-F) in triplicates with equal volume of inoculum, maintained in 30 L tank with cons...

Ghassan Zahid1, 2*, Sara Iftikhar3, Muhammad Umer Farooq4 and Shakeel Ahmed Soomro5

...al fruits. Thus, diverse environmental conditions allow the farmers to cultivate a variety of fruits which ultimately uplifting the burden from traditionally cultivated crops. In recent years, the cultivation and yield of different fruit trees are declining in the country. The key contributors to the decline in fruit crop yield include abiotic stresses, biotic stresses, certain pathogens and nematodes, market devaluation and access, urbanization, poor gardenin...

Gamal Shawki1, Tawfek Mohamed Barakat1, Attia Mohamed Samy2, Ahmed Alhamed AL-Mejren2, Ayman Mesalam1* 

...y factors, including the environmental temperature, photoperiod and the season of year have been shown to influence stallion reproductive performance. As latitudes greatly affect these factors, the current study aimed to, evaluate the influence of year months and seasons on testicular biometry, sexual behaviors and semen parameters of purebred Arabian stallions in Kuwait. Nine fertile stallions aged 4–22 years were used for assessment of testicle biometr...
Mohammad Belal Shaker1, Waleed Rizk El-Ghareeb2,3*, Marwa Magdy Seliem4, Wageh Sobhy Darwish3, Bassam Abdulla Alhawas2, Ahmed E. Tharwat3
...ormally inhabits aquatic environments such as fresh, and marine water bodies. Aeromonas spp. might cause food-borne gastroenteritis that might be complicated to cause septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis with high mortalities in immune-compromised persons. This international collaborative research was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Aeromonas spp., particularly A. hydrophila in three crustaceans (crab, lobster, and shrimp) retaile...

Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman 

...s farmers with cheap and environmentally friendly cattle feed.

Keywords | Environmental pollution, Silage, Metabolizable energy, Organic matter digestibility, Physical properties 

...

Tu Thi Minh Tran1*, Diep Hoang Tran1, Thuong Thi Nguyen2, Tomas J. Acosta3, Takeshi Tsuruta4, Naoki Nishino4, Hai Thanh Duong5

Samia Azad1, Iram Liaqat1*, Riffat Iqbal1 and Uzma Rafi2

... heavy metal for aquatic environments.

...

Samina Malik1, Tahira Jabeen Ursani1, Naheed Mehmood Soomro1, Naeem Tarique Narejo2, Jawaid Ahmed Khokhar1* and Asif Soomro1

...or the adaptation in the environment. In present research diurnal behavior was more frequently found as compared with nocturnal.

...

Iftikhar Alam1*, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*

...tify;">Healthy workplace environment is gaining enormous attention of the researchers. Food and lifestyle are main characteristics of a healthy workplace environment. Taken in this meaning, the food environment of the university has great implications on overall health of students. However, little is known about how university students perceive food and lifestyle e...

Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi

...employed in place of the environmentally undependable synthetic nematicides, while encouraging a sustainable and safe environment in tomato cultivation.

...

Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Hamza Latif1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Gulfam Yousuf1 and Muhammad Afzal2

...armful to humans and the environment than synthetic insecticides, neem leaf extract can be used in integrated pest management programs of FAW.

 

...
M. Fatmawati1, L.T. Suwanti2*, Mufasirin3
...porulated oocysts in the environment, while humans can be infected by T. gondii due to environmental contamination by T. gondii oocysts, consumption of foods and milk containing cysts or tachyzoites of T. gondii. Raw milk is a risk factor for toxoplasmosis in humans. This paper discusses the presence of T. gondii in raw milk from various animals in both artificial and natural infections, the survival of T. gondii in milk and...
Dalia M. Aboelhassan1*, Inas S. Ghaly1, Noha E. Ibrahim2, Nermeen M. Shaffie3, Mariam G. Eshak1, Aboelfetoh M. Abdallah4, Ibrahim M. Farag1
...s presence in our living environment. However, it was revealed that this component has potent genotoxicity, causing various disorders to human and animal health. Hence, the present work is designed to investigate the capacity of Fagonia cretica extract (FCE) to inhibit bisphenol A-induced genotoxicity and histopathology in rats. In the genetic study, the assaying of expressions of IkBα and COX-1 genes in liver tissues, as well as the expressions of mdr1a...

Khuzeema Tanveer1, Muhammad Shahid Mahmood1,*, Muhammad Ashraf1 and Ahrar Khan2

...es serious threat to the environment. Huge amount of untreated dyes is being discharged in the industrial effluents. Azo dyes are of major concern due to their extensive use and carcinogenic properties. Here we have studied the microbial degradation of four textile azo (C.I reactive black 5, yellow 145, and red 195) and phthalocyanine dyes (C.I reactive blue 21). Thirty-five bacteria and one yeast isolated from textile industry wastewater were tested for their...

Abdullah Channo1*, Asmatullah Kaka1, Qudratullah Kalwar2, Imdadullah Jamali3, Ghulam Jelani2, Muhammad Bakhsh4, Ghulam Nabi Dahri5 and Jai Parkash Goil6

...election, heredity, age, environment, improper nutrition, herd size, housing, high milk production, body condition score, lactation period, seasons, retained placenta, stress, metabolic disorders and hormonal imbalance. COD is generally at highest from 30 to 60 days of postpartum. The exact pathogenesis of COD is still not confirmed, but the abnormal neuroendocrine reflex of hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction, molecular alteration in growing follicle are impor...

Madiha Khalil1, Amjad Farooq1, Asim Faraz2*, Abdul Waheed2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Riaz Hussain Mirza2 and Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2

...sian cattle in the local environment of Quetta, Pakistan and to evaluate non-genetic factors affecting the lactation traits. For this purpose, data on lactation performance of Holstein Friesian cows were collected from government livestock farms located at Quetta. Data obtained on calving from 608 cows during last sixteen years (2000-2016) were analyzed. After editing the data for consistency and errors it was subjected to statistical analysis using fixed effe...

Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Irfan Baboo2*, Arshad Javid3, Noor Khan4, Hamid Majeed5, Azra Anwer1, Zahid Farooq2, Muhammad Altaf6 and Moazam Jalees7

...rsquo;s health and their environment. Current research was designed to study the possible toxicity of iron oxide nano-particles on common carp, C. carpio after exposure period of 96 hours by the analysis of their haematological parameters. Fish were segregated into three groups (10fish/treatment). The iron oxide nano-particles at 0.25g/l doze were administered orally to treatment T1 and intravenously from caudal vein of fish to treatment T2. After 96h of expos...

Umair Faheem1*, Qurban Ali2, Mussurat Hussain1, Abrar Ahmad3, Tamsila Nazir2, Ghayour Ahmad3, Idrees Ahmad3, Madiha Mobeen4, Hammad Hussnain3 and Nadia Hussain Ahmad3

...secticides. In Pakistan, environmental friendly insecticides need to be encouraged to avoid their deleterious effects on beneficial insects.

...

Syed Wajahat Husain Jaafry1* and Amber Fatima2

...executed in a controlled environment with a continuous supply of nutrients and water; more field studies should be conducted to assess the behavior of related/ non-related conspecifics. Furthermore, not many studies have focused on kin related plant communication via volatile signals, protein interaction and cues. 

...

Ochieng Onunga George*, Owuor Ndonga Millicent Florence, Mario Kollenberg  

...ble for discharge to the environment and resulted in water pollution near abattoirs that may cause serious waterborne diseases. The baseline information obtained from the results can be used by government authorities such as National Environmental Management Authority and researchers.

Keywords | Abattoirs, Abattoir wastes, Bacteria, Fungi, Parasites 

...
Eman M. Aboelela1, Mohamed A. Sobieh2, Eman M. Abouelhassan3, Doaa S. Farid4, Essam S. Soliman2*
...ng some host, agent, and environmental determinants. A cross-sectional study was designed to last for four successive seasons from September 21st, 2020 to September 20th, 2021. A total of 1393 cats and 1511 dogs were admitted and examined for parasitic infestations. PPinfestations revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) increases during fall and spring and fall in dogs and cats respectively; at < 1-year dogs and cats during all seasons; and during winter ...

Khaliq Dad1, Fenliang Zhao2, Rumsha Hassan3, Kainat Javed3, Humaira Nawaz4, Muhammad Usman Saleem5, Tahreem Fatima6 and Muhamad Nawaz3*

...pesticides interact with environment by altering the properties of host substances by producing the adverse impacts because most of the famers have no idea of using these chemicals substances. Pesticides are absorbed by soil particles which are transported to plants as well as animals through food chain and severely affect the ecosystem by causing acute or chronic disorders in the people of all ages. Similarly these pesticides cause serious threats to the aqua...

Muhammad Khalil Nawaz* and Muhammad Akbar Khan

...unity and favorable paleoenvironmental conditions in studied site during the Middle Miocene. The paleoecology of the Chabbar Syedan area through a system of comparative analogy is also briefly discussed.

...

Shahbaz Ahmed1, Mubeen Ahmad1, Muhammad Razaq1* and Farhan Mahmood Shah1,2*

...teractions in that plant environment. Aphids are important pests of wheat crop causing direct or indirect injury to the crop. The pest is routinely managed through use of insecticides. Insecticides due to their toxic effects are mostly not desired for use on food crops. Thus, alternative approaches such as biological and cultural control are more desirable. This research explores irrigation stress impacts on wheat aphids, predators, and yield characteristics u...

Sharon Zulfiqar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Kiran Aftab1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Rizwan Khursheed2, Somia Liaqat1 and Maimoona Kanwal1

...ulberry under prevailing environmental conditions. We also suggest that popularizing sericulture as the allied sector of the agricultural economy needs to exploit the potential of the Bulgarian race for the production of hybrid silk seed.

...

Muhammad Jamil1*, Muhammad Hussnain Babar2, Aamir Hussain3, Rana Abdul Hameed Khan3, Hammad Hussnain4 and Saghir Ahmad4

...n: justify;">Genotype by environment interaction (GEI) imposes an influence onthe yield stability of a genotype tested under erratic environments. The present experiment was carried out at six sites viz; Multan, Faisalabad, Khanpur, Bahawalpur, Vehari and Sahiwal in the Punjab province during Kharif 2020-21. The main objectives of the study were to quantifythe GEI component of variation and to assess the yield stability of r...

Desy Cahya Widianingrum1*, Himmatul Khasanah1, Melinda Erdya Krismaputri1, Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring Meliala2 

...tive effect on the rumen environment (pH and NH3 level), both protective and non-protective VCO, in the in vitro study. The findings that we can summarize are in the physical test treatments all of the groups has good quality and have not negative effect on the ruminal environment.

Keywords | Complete feed, Physical quality, Protection, Virgin coconut oil, Wafer. 

...

Sajid Hanif1, Abdul Shakoor1,4*, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Ifra Saleem2, Sajid Ali3, Muhammad Awais Ashraf4, Majid Nadeem4, Hira Shair4, Anwar ul Haq5, Rana Abdul Hamid Khan6 and Muhammad Amir Amin7

Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Imran Khan1, Athar Mahmood1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3*, Ambreen Fatima4, Muhammad Iqbal5, Muhammad Tahir Akbar6, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Faran Muhammad7, Muhammad Talha Aslam1 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1

...y stress (SS) is a major environmental constraint that is limiting agricultural productivity across the globe. Therefore, this study aimed at to assess the effect of diverse SS levels on growth, physiological and biochemical traits of chickpea cultivars. The experiment comprised of different levels of salinity stress i.e., 0, 8 and 12 dsm-1 and different chickpea cultivars i.e., NIAB-2016, Bittle-2016 and Bhakar-2011. The maximum time to 50% emergence (T50), a...

Amna Sulaman1, Qurat-ul-Ain Ijaz1, Muhammad Shafi2 and Faiz Muhammad1*

...gn: justify;">The marine environment is extremely important and has remarkable biodiversity. Turbinella pyrum is a marine species found only in the Indian Ocean. It is an economically important resource as well as a sacred animal. The meat of this animal is used in traditional medicine. T. pyrum is a less known species from Pakistani marine waters. This research validated its molecular identification as T. pyrum. The neighbor-joining results revealed that it c...

Tertia Delia Nova1*, Yulia Yelita2, Rizky Machicula1

...d that is affordable and environmentally friendly. Aquatic plants belong to the duckweed family which can be found in swamps, lakes, and rice fields. This feed is classified as an unconventional feed that can be used as an alternative feed ingredient for fibrous protein sources. In addition, it contains several minerals, xanthophyll pigments and -carotene which are important nutrients for ducks. However, the practical use of this plant has not been fully studi...

Hassan Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Irfan Majeed2, Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman1 and Muhammad Asam Riaz1

...e eradication along with environmental contaminations. This situation necessitates looking for more target-oriented and ecologically safer strategies such as baiting insecticides with some cellulose attractant. In this study, 5% technical grade fipronil was formulated as small beads (3.5 mm) made by a matrix composed of 65% maize cob powder (as source of natural cellulose for termite attraction), 18% starch, 6% sodium alginate, 4% sodium silicate, and 2% urea....

Shomaila Sikandar1*, Imran Afzal1 and Sadaf Sarfraz2

... high-temperature, humid environments, and they can enter the food chain either directly or indirectly by contaminating food and feed crops. They can cause infection before and after agricultural crop harvesting. Economically mycotoxins infection leads to loss of feedstock, reduced livestock production, human and animal life threatening diseases and major issues leading to global food security. All these factors demand for extensive research for early mycotoxi...

Gudeta Nepir Gurmu, Tade Bitima Mulisa, Alemu Lenco Gemechu, Kegna Gadisa Amena and Gemechu Nedi Terfa*

...erences among varieties, environment, environment, and varieties interaction for grain yield and other yield-related traits. The combined mean of grain yield of varieties indicated that Bursa (3.03 t/ha), Adi (2.84t/ha) and Weyib (2.83 t/ha) varieties had the highest grain yield advantage over the other tested varieties without significant difference among the order, whereas Burkitu (2.3 t/ha), Herena (2.35 t/ha) and Hortu (...

Dong-Min Hou and Ding-Qi Rao*

...threat to the ecological environment on which humans depend. Microplastics persist in the environment and spread throughout the planet through the atmosphere, ocean currents, wind and animals, and it of different shapes and sizes can directly or indirectly affect organisms and pose health risks to animals and humans. Therefore, the size and types of microplastics and their effects on different organs of different types of an...

Fatin Khalil*, Harinath Yapati, Zainab Al Blallam, Ronia Jose 

...time revealed a probable environmental effect on animal health. According to the findings, all of the hematological and biochemical indicators are within normal limits. The hematological data revealed that WBCs and RBCs vary by type and season (WBCs: 7.1–9.9 (x103/µl), and 5.2–7.9 (x103/µl); and RBCs: 8.7–11.6 (x106/µl), and 10–10.8 (x106/µl), respectively). The MCH values (11.7–12.9 pg) are above the norma...

Sajjad Ali1*, Atta ur Rahman1 and Sher Ali2

...ulation and the built-up environment.

...

Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi

...has culminated in severe environmental pollution, increase in unacceptable percentage of residue in vegetables and resistance of nematodes to the currently used nematicides. This has prompted the evaluation of medicinal plants as probable sources of nematicides. A study was conducted in the screenhouse to evaluate the nematicidal potential of Tridax procumbens and Sida acuta (weeds) on root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita infesting lettuce and carrots. T....

Zulqarnain Haider1*, Muhammad Akhter2, Syed Sultan Ali1, Tahir Latif1, Rana Ahsan Raza Khan1, Awais Riaz1, Tahira Bibi1, Muhammad Ijaz3, Qasim Raza1, Mohsin Ali Raza4, Samina Sarfaraz1, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Muhammad Rafiq1

...ld stability across test environments. Test-environment analysis indicated that genotypes PK10324-1-1 and PK9444-8-1-2 were best suited for 2017 season, genotypes PK10967-30-1, Chenab Basmati and PK 10355-13-2-1 were best suited for 2018, genotypes PK9966-10-1 and PK 10434-6-2-1 were best suited for 2016 season, whereas genotype PK10029-13-2-1 performed equally well in 2017 and 2018. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also d...

Sidrah Ashfaq1, Muhammad Nadeem1*, Muhammad Yamin1, Talha Afzal1, Muhammad Waqar Akram1, Rabia Anam1 and Ali Mehboob2

...ate renewable, cheap and environment-friendly resources that can provide long-term sustainability for survival. Due to the fossil fuels depletion and their ever-growing cost, the need to shift focus towards renewable energy resources has increased a lot. To overcome the above-said problems, there is a need to look for a feasible and robust solution for thermal applications in remote areas. Biomass gasification proved to be one of the most efficient and clean w...

N. Wachida1*, P. M. Dawuda2,1, I. U. Ate3,1, P. I. Rekwot4, 2 

... evaluated the impact of environmental heat stress on follicle diameter, and ovarian hormones concentrations. Twelve (n=12) non-pregnant, Zebu cows with 2-3 successive calving record were utilized. Temperature humidity index (THI) determined and rectal temperatures of cows were monitored. Cows were synchronized for oestrus using PGF2α. Follicular studies were carried out. Serum oestradiol and luteinizing hormones were monitored by Enzyme-Linked Immunosor...

Muhammad Jamil1*, Ghulam Sarwar2, Imran Akhtar3, Ghayour Ahmad4 and Saeed Ahmad4

...ons due to genotype into environment interaction. The present study was executed at 14sites throughout Pakistan according to a randomized complete block design replicated 03 times during Kharif (summer season) 2019.The experiment aimed to assess the performance stability of studied strains in terms of seed cotton yield against selected environments. Twenty-five upland cotton strains recently bred by different research statio...

Riaz Hussain1*, Adnan Ihsan2, Azaz Ali Shah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Hamza Iftikhar3 and Ranra Jalal4

...ducing control costs and environmental impact.

...

Sajjad Khan, Fahad Karim Awan*, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani, Muhammad Usama Hameed, Allah Bakhsh and Kainat Bibi

...in Pakistan is liable to environmental constraints, mainly salt and water stress due to their elevated degree of impression and non-availability of salt and drought tolerant oat cultivars. For the purpose in-vitro study was conducted at NARC fodder laboratory to study the response of two oat cultivars namely NARC and PARC Oat against drought and salinity stress. Salt concentration of 80 mmolLˉ¹ showed non-significant effect on germination % and shoot len...

Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Ehsan Ullah1, Ali Raza1 and Muhammad Asif3

...tal consequences for the environment and human health. To address these issues, we must turn to ecologically friendly alternatives like vermicompost tea and vermicompost, which not only increase crop growth and production while lowering diseases and pests over time, but also protect environment and human health. Vermicomposting is the process of breaking down and stabilizing solid organic waste to produce fine organic rich m...

Dong-Min Hou, Hong-bi Peng, Wan-Long Zhu* and Zheng-Kun Wang*

...w mothers as well as the environment, additional work is needed to clarify the relative roles of various factors in shaping maternal behavior post-parturition.

...

Yue Ren1, Ting Jia2, Hao Zhang1, Zhengkun Wang1 and Wanlong Zhu1*

...for adapting to changing environment in T. belangeri chinensis. Finally, MengLa population had remarkable differences with the other populations both in genetic diversity and skull morphology. Our study provides genetic diversity and skull morphology knowledge of T. belangeri chinensis, their adaptation of genetic level and skull offers new insight into their classification and adaptation.

...

Hasan Çelikyürek

...e the effects of certain environmental factors on the testicular size and body size of male Norduz lambs. In the study, testicular diameter, testicular length, scrotal length, and scrotal circumference were determined to be 2.98±0.10, 5.56±0.14, 9.76±0.16, and 14.08±0.20 cm in male Norduz lambs, respectively. Body length, chest width, chest depth, withers height, rump height, and chest girth were 50.25±0.55, 14.65±0.15...

Shad Mahfuz1,2†, Hong-Seok Mun1,3†, Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1, Keiven Mark B Ampode1,4, Veasna Chem1, Young-Hwa Kim5, Jong-Pil Moon6, Chul-Ju Yang1,7* 

...tricity uses and housing environments of piglets. For this trial, a total 20 piglets having similar average body weight 6.83 ± 1.07 kg (mean ± std.) were randomly divided into 2 (two) incubators, control (conventional) incubator and the solar based incubator with 10 replicates each. The experimental duration was 10 weeks (70 days). Feed intake, body weight gain, electricity consumption, environmental parameters...

Fawziah M. Albarakaty* 

...research is needed, both environmentally and scientifically, as reuse of fruit peels cаn bе usеd аs a fodder аdditive in the аnimal rаtion.

Keywords | Plum, Antimicrobial, Prunus domestica L., Fruits peel, Plum peel, Animal. 

...

Hamenya Mpemba1, Fan Yang1, Kirsty J. MacLeod2,3, Dusu Wen1, Yan Liu1,4 and Guangshun Jiang1,*

... of predator cues in the environment. Here, we test how different predator cues (visual and odor) from familiar and novel predators (brown bear and Amur tiger, respectively) influence ungulate, mesopredator, and top predator visitation rates to camera trap sites in a national nature reserve in China. The comparison of these predator types is of particular interest in this region as Amur tigers may shortly be reintroduced here. We found that visual but not odou...

Cheng Zhao1,2, Qin Shi1*, Gen Yang3, Youyuan Tan2, Songwen Tan2, Jiahong Li2 and Marwan M.A. Rashed2

...ichuan sika deer and the environment in the winter, we conducted our study on habitat use of Sichuan sika deer in the Tiebu Nature Reserve from January to February in 2019 and 2020. The results showed that Sichuan sika deer preferred shrub vegetation and southern slope. Compared to control plots, lower elevation, longer distance to forest edge, higher herb cover and concealing condition appeared in used plots. The results of the logistic regression models show...

Aslı Çilingir Yeltekin

...ncluding fish in aquatic environments. We investigated metabolic responses by observing apoptosis (caspase- 3), DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)), malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) activity in Van fish kidney and muscle tissue after 24., 48., 72., and 96. h of tebuconazole exposure at a concentration of 2.5 mg/L. The obtained results indicated that caspase-3, 8-OHdG, and MDA levels significantly increased compared to the...

Madad Ali1, Muhammad Ahsan1, Muhammad Zubair Akram*2 and Samreen Nazeer3

...eplications under normal environmental conditions. Data for different growth, yield, and agro-morphological parameters were analyzed at a 5% probability of the HSD test. Significant differences were present among the doubled haploid maize hybrids for all the studied agro-morphological parameters. Grain’s yield showed the highest positive and significant genotypic correlation with plant height (r = 0.784) followed by number of leaves per plant (r = 0.715)...

Asma Basharat1, Abdul Wajid2*, Andleeb Batool1, Tayyeba Batool3, Abdul Basit4, Kamran Abbas5, Aziz Ullah1 and Mahmood Shaukat6

...nvolves both genetic and environmental risk factors. In the present study, we focused on TBX22 gene, which is a major gene determinant essential to human palatogenesis. We analyzed a total of 134 DNA samples including 51 CP clinically assessed patients and 83 healthy controls. Our preliminary results revealed two novel missense substitutions i.e. P180Q in T-box domain and S328I in C-terminal of TBX22, while unrelated healthy controls revealed no sequence varia...

Maria Al Mazed1*, Md. Ashikur Rahman1 and Sk. Istiaque Ahmed2

...contamination of aquatic environment with heavy metals and their contagious effects on aquatic animals and their public health concerns.

...

Inam Ul Haq1*, Humara Umar1, Farah Umar2, Naeem Akhtar3 and Muhammad Jan4

...in controlled greenhouse environment and tested for different rooting parameters. The results obtained showed significant effect on rooting ability of the cuttings. The appealing results obtained at T6 (IBA+UP+PB) where maximum rooting 56.8% with average number of roots per cutting 4.4 and root length 4.3 cm was observed. This treatment also showed higher callusing 80.5%, sprouting 83.3% and survival rate 51.1% as compared to all other treatments. Among other ...

Muhammad Jamil1*, Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan2, Rana Abdul Hameed Khan3, Khezir Hayat4, Saeed Ahmad5, Abdul Sattar6, Umair Faheem7, Hira Saher8 and Ayesha Bibi8

... constancy under erratic environments to become a popular cultivar. The genotypes contributing least towards genotype by environment interaction (GEI) are considered stable ones. The present experiment was carried out at five locations viz., Multan, Faisalabad, Khanpur, Vehari and Sahiwal in the Punjab province in Pakistan for two years 2020-21 and 2021-22. Ten promising upland cotton genotypes recently bred by different res...

Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Ali Zachi Abdulqader Alhilfi2, Sohail Ahmed Otho1, Qurban Ali3, Din Muhammad Soomro1 and Zubair Ahmed Soomro1

...esticidal properties and environmental safety. In this context, we evaluated the insecticidal effect of four botanical oils against C. maculatus including neem seeds (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), rocket seeds (Erucas sativa Mill.), cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and mustard seeds (Brassica nigra L.). The effect of these oils was recorded on insect mortality, number of adult insects, seed damage (punctured seeds and weight loss of chickpea seeds), seed ge...

Monis Hussain Shah1*, Rizwan Rafique2,6, Munawar Almas1, Muhammad Usman3, Sadia Yasin4 and Sajida Bibi5

...kistan have an excellent environment for fruit production. Climatic conditions and different altitude level support production of excellent quality fruits in coastline, tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Pakistan is one of the top fruits producing country globally. Pakistan ranks 4th in Mango (1.880M Tones), 6th in Guava (2.4 M Tones), Dates (0.72 M Tones) and Citrus (2.1 M Tones) production around the globe. Since the year of 1969 Pakistan builds th...
Dong-Min Hou1, Ting Jia2, Hui-Juan Wang1, Zheng-Kun Wang1 and Wan-Long Zhu1*
... could adapt to the cold environment by regulating genes expression in oxidative phosphorylation, steroid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid and fatty acid metabolism pathways in BAT. Among them, expressions of genes in oxidative phosphorylation pathway were up-regulated, and most of the genes related to the lipid metabolism pathway were down-regulated, which promoted energy expenditure and thermogenesis.

...
Alia Tajdar1,3, Shaghef Ejaz2, Muhammad Shah Zaib1, Anum Ishfaq1, Syed Muhammad Zaka1*, Hafiz Muhammad Safeer1 and Khalid Abbas1
...o non-target population, environment pollution). In the present study the effect of different botanical extracts on the olfactory response of B. zonata and on the post-harvest quality parameters of banana was evaluated. Extracts of Moringa olifera, Mentha pipertia, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum spp. were prepared in methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The olfactory response of B. zonata was studied in Y-tube olfactometer and effect on the quality par...

Amir Abdullah Khan and Muhammad Irfan*

... on human health and the environment, reduces the widespread economic losses in citriculture caused by these pathogens. In the current study, 68 bacterial strains were isolated from citrus field soil and tested for antifungal activity using the streak plate method. Among them, one bacterium was found to be antagonist against the pathogen. This was identified as Bacillus subtilis 2i through 16SrRNA. The disease causing fungus was also isolated and identified as...

Rao Mansor Ali Khan* and Syed Amer Mahmood 

...as not incorporated. The environmental factors include Black Carbon (BC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Ozone (O3), and Sulphur dioxide (SO2). To cater to these issues, two indicators were developed to incorporate the smog and soil-related issues. These indicators are named Soil Factor (Sᵮ) and Atmospheric Factor (Aþ). If the soil is “Not Suitable,” the values of Sᵮ is 0.147, for less suitable soil Sᵮ is 0.21, for modera...
Wasim Akram1, Azhar Hussain2*, Sartaj Ali2, Iqbal Hussain3 and Muhammad2
...fit both growers and the environment.

...

Nam Thanh Nguyen1,2,3, Linh Manh Ha4, Anh Thi Nguyen5, Nam Hoang Chu5, Hau Duc Tran5, Hung Phuc Nguyen5 and Thuy Thi Ta6*

...tric growth in favorable environmental conditions. The slope values were higher in the dry season than in the wet season, but this was only significant in females. The higher intra-seasonal variability in the slope values was evaluated, showing females undergoing gonad depletion of the two sexes during their spawning season. The condition factors of both sexes were higher in the wet season when water temperature and food availability are higher. Female fish se...

Monu Karki, Amit Kumar and Gnanavel Venkatesan*

...ight against host immune environment. Some of the genes have been acquired from the host and some are flowing through the family and genus evolving with the virus to adapt and efficiently set up an infection in immune-loaded host cells. This review focuses on the important virulence genes of the orf virus and their functions with recent advances and the way they can be manipulated for different benefits to the research community viz candidates for cancer bioth...

Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Mariam Temitope Baker2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji2

...effect on humans and the environment. Plant protection is primarily saddled with replacing the synthetics. A promising technique is the application of bio-pesticides. Organic fatty acid esters (FAE) are reassuring materials with nematicidal activities. Medicinal plants are rich source of acid esters, hence Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae) leaves were extracted cold in ethyl acetate. This yielded crude extract that was subjected to column chromatography (silica ge...

Shafia Riaz1, Khalid Abbas1*, Tanveer Ahmed1,2*, Huma Naz3, Hina Amjad1 and Shahbaz Ahmad1

...or 60 days under similar environmental conditions. Condition factor (K) and growth parameters (wet weight, fork and total length) were measured fortnightly. The morphometric data were analyzed using SPSS. Genetics characterization was performed by employing five species specific polymorphic microsatellite markers. Overall, the results of growth trial confirmed that FQB genotype performed maximum while QBD evinced lowest performance among all the genotypes base...
K. Nasira, S. Shamim and F. Shahina†
...>
as indicators in environmental monitoring. Detailed sample analysis revealed the presence of forty nematode species
including three new species viz., Bathyeurystomina minima Nasira, Shahina & Shamim, 2014, Belbolla
longispiculata Nasira, Shahina & Shamim, 2014 and Metoncholaimus siddiqii Shahina, Nasira & Shamim, 2015
while six species were reported as new records of Pakistan. These nematode species belon...

A. M. Rahoo1,*, †, T. Mukhtar2, S. I. Abro3, S. R. Gowen1 and B. A. Bughio4

...ivestock
and environment. To dispense with the pernicious consequences of chemicals, use of entomopathogenic nematodes
(EPNs) is among the viable alternatives. The successful management by EPNs is dependent on their establishment in
soils, infectivity, persistence and pathogenicity for longer periods. In the present study, emergence of Steinernema
feltiae infective juveniles (IJs) from infected Galleria mellonell...

Farwa Batool1*, Riaz ur Rehman1, Samia Ikram2 and Maham Zahara3

...rates must be non-toxic, environmental friendly, highly sustainable and good in nutrients capacity for better plant growth and economical plant production. The agriculture waste is a good option for soil substrate source in nursery plants production. The present research is focusing on the utilization of agriculture waste with different proportions for better foliage plant growth and development. Different combinations of silt, sand, leaf compost, FYM, peat mo...

F. Shahina†, K.A. Tabassum and M.A. Habib*

...v>the nation in terms of environmental and social costs. Pathogenicity and efficacy trials of indigenous
entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) isolates have positive results. Four EPN isolates viz., Steinernema
pakistanense, S. asiaticum, S. feltiae and Heterorhabditis indica were assessed for their infectivity against the
cotton bollworm complex in field. EPNs cultured on Galleria mellonella L. and stored in distilled water at ...

Soshe Ahmed1*, Mst. Ishrat Zerin Moni1, Maksuda Begum2, Md. Jafar Eqbal3, Md. Shahidul Islam4, Mst. Samira Tanjim1, Mst. Rokeya Sultana1 

...rs reared in a hot-humid environment. A total of three hundred forty-five one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were randomly allotted into five treatment groups as T1, T2, T3, T4 & T5 (6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs, and 60 hrs of post-hatch feed and water deprivation). Birds were allowed a two-phase feeding system, such as starter and finisher, where appropriate. Performance parameters include feed intake (g/birds), body weight gain, average daily gain, fee...

Yanjie Liu

...e system under different environments. Sixty physical education students were enrolled as research objects and divided into control group (normal oxygen group), hypoxia group, and high-altitude group. Each group was given the same exercise intensity. Venous blood was collected before and after each test to determine changes in Immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), IL-2, WBC, natural killer (NK) cell activity, C3, C4, CH50 and ...

Zarema Alimsultanova Magomedova1, Kheda Khalitovna Dadaeva1, Roza Said-Akhmedovna Zakhkieva1, Islam Khasanovich Shakhbiev1*, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2 

...ted that these levels of environmental pollution by eggs of the genus Nematodirus are quite enough for the active implementation of the epizootic process of nematodiosis in animals in the North Caucasus region during the period (spring-summer-autumn).

...

Jaffar Hussain1*, Zeenat M. Ali1 and Syed Farman Ali Shah2

...oxic and eco-friendly of environment. Jatropha curcas is highly source to produce biodiesel which oil content up to 40 %. Normally trans-estrification process is used for biodiesel production. Main three types of catalyst were used for the production of biodiesel like as Heterogeneous, enzymes and homogenous. Process selection, catalyst, reaction time, Molar ratio are the main factor for biodiesel production. There are many nano catalyst used for biodiesel pro...

Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Yasir Iftikhar2, Qaiser Shakeel3*, Hafiz M. Imran Arshad4, Maria del Carmen Zuñiga Romano5 and Sarfaraz Hussain6

...symptoms, and effects of environmental variables on RSB disease development. Furthermore, recent advances in studies on the management of disease using cultural, chemical, and biological approaches including mycoviruses, transgenic approaches, gene loci/markers, gene silencing, and genome editing are also summarized. Finally, the expression of resistant-related genes in rice crops and biological agent mechanisms of action are discussed.

...

Tariq H.Y. Al-Maliky*, Mahmood S. Hashim and Amal S. Al-Sheraa

....107 g) in 15 g.L-1. The environmental factors were temperature 24-29 ˚C, acidity 7-8, and dissolved oxygen 5-10 g.L-1. Bacterial contamination (CFU m.L-1 10⁶) was evident in treatment D and included four types of bacteria: Bacillus spp., Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. The survival rates of M. affinis during different breeding periods in the two salinities remained as follows: (93.33 ± 5.77, 9.00 &plus...

Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Sadar Iqbal and Imtiaz Khan*

...oil is recommended as an environment friendly management technique for brinjal shoot and borer.

...

Syed Shah Mohioudin Gillani1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Adeel Anwar1*, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq2, Muhammad Awais3, Mujahid Iqbal4, Javed Iqbal5, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Naqvi6, Raza Ullah7 and Muhammad Abdullah Khan1

...understand the different environmental impacts and help to respond to them precisely and rapidly. Chlorophyll pigmentation in plants is a supreme factor to assess the health of plants and ultimately leads to crop yield estimation. The present experiment evaluated the capacity of high-resolution satellite imagery to estimate wheat chlorophyll content coupled with ground-based information for accurately monitoring crop chlorophyll status under rainfed conditions...

Hasina Basharat1, Muhammad Ramzan Ali2*, Aziz Ahmed2, Rehana Kausar2 and Shamim Akhter1

...cclimatized in the local environment of Pakistan. For the successful culture of any fish species, the knowledge about the proper feeding regime especially the appropriate amount feed offered, is very important. To determine the optimum feeding level for African catfish culture, an experiment was conducted in earthen ponds of size 0.02 hectare each, for the period of four months at a stocking rate of 10,000 fingerlings per hectare (500 fish/acre). The experimen...

Kainat Bibi1*, Sajjad Khan1, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani1, Fahad Karim Awan1 and Sajid Ali2 

...re, for high quality and environment safe production of wheat, organic fertilizer may be applied at recommended rates (compost 12 t ha-1, poultry manure 6 t ha-1 and farmyard manure (12.5 t ha-1).

...

Yuli Retnani1*, Heri Ahmad Sukria1, Indah Wijayanti1, Didid Diapari1, Muhammad Dimas Erlangga1, M Fatahillah Ibsyah1, Taryati1, Nisa Nurmilati Barkah1,3, Novia Qomariyah2,3

...es to the alleviation of environmental problems associated with waste management. This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of local sheep fed with agricultural waste in the form of silage and wafers. The study consisted of five treatments and four groups using 20 local male sheep. The results showed that feeding local sheep with agricultural waste in the form of silage and wafers had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on the dry matter, crude protein...

Trisiwi Wahyu Widayati1*, Aris Triyono Syahputra2, Andoyo Supriyantono1, Onesimus Yoku1, Deny Anjelus Iyai1, Priyo Sambodo1, Iriani Sumpe1 

...aleken system can reduce environmental pollution by parasites 89.28% to 100%.

Keywords | Pigs, Laleken, Papua, Parasites 

...

Songruo Tao1, Cuiyi Liao1, Jinju Peng1, Yuexia Ding1,* and Yi Ma1,2,*

...ces or urine and pollute environment. Soil ecological model was established by experiment to investigate the effects of florfenicol residues in soil on 16S rDNA sequence diversity of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria. Five different concentrations of florfenicol (0 mg·kg-1, 0.1 mg·kg-1, 1 mg·kg-1, 10 mg·kg-1 and 100 mg·kg-1) were used to collect soil samples on the 7 d, 21 d and 49 d after dosing. The effects of florfenicol on...
 
 MONIS HUSSAIN SHAH1*, RIAZ UR REHMAN2, RIAZ ALI SHAH1, RIZWAN RAFIQUE3, MUHAMMAD USMAN4, SAJIDA BIBI5 AND SADIA YASEEN
...incubator for 36 hr. The environment of laboratory during research was 20oC. The best response for extending the freshness was observed in cv. Bonnie (Orange) that performed excellent when placed in medium level of 6-Benzyleadenin (20-40ppm with 10-15g/l of Sucrose). The results of 6-Benzyleadenin (20-40ppm with 10-15...

HIRA JAVAID*1, MALEEHA MANZOOR2, JAVED IQBAL QAZI3, XIONG XIAOCHAO4 & FOUZIA TABSSUM5

... resources towards clear environments, oils from single cell microbes (yeasts) are gaining attention. Further cost reliance of these microbes to produce single cell oils (SCOs) could be reduced by using lignocellulosic waste (LCW) biomass produced in millions of metric tons annually all over the world covering 60% of annual crop produced. This review presents the yeasts SCO production from LCW, and its favorability towards commercialization in developing count...
Heavy metals (HMs) are harmful and lethal at negligible levels and non-biodegradable in the typical ecosystem and constitutes animal, human and environmental hazards. They are divided into toxic metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soils, agricultural operations, air pollution, animal feed, and packaging materials. Toxic metals are non-biodegradable, non-thermos degradable, and exceedingly stable in the ecosystem; as a result, they quickly build in various foods. Metal pollution of many foods, including agricultural commodities, and animal protein sources such as fish, milk, meat, and eggs, poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a result, several remediation strategies have become necessary to limit the hazardous HMs pathway into the food chain and the human body. Metal nanoparticles are employed in beneficial applications, although they are associated with specific hazards.
 
Keywords | Food contamination, Heavy metals, Nanoparticles, Pollution sources, Remedy, Soil contamination
...itutes animal, human and environmental hazards. They are divided into toxic metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soil...
Riaz Muhammad1*, Aamer Sharif2 and Muftooh ur Rehman Siddiqi³
...ead, cost-effectiveness, environmentally friendly and minimal installation and setup time. In the present study, the performance of single-stage gravitational water vortex turbine assembled in a conical basin with curved blade has been analyzed at different head and flow rate to investigate the performance parameters such as vortex formation, vortex height and rotational speed. In addition to that, the influence of vortex formation, vortex height and vortex sh...

Faradji Khalil1*, Slimani Noureddine2 and Senoussi Abdelhakim3

...haracterised by a stepic environment in the region of Ain Ben Khelile wilaya of Nâama West of Algeria, A 02 year’s field survey and investigation (2021-2022), 50 farmers who agreed to cooperate in the research were randomly selected to engage in agriculture and animal husbandry. These farms are also located in a lower arid bioclimatic zone with cool winters. The methodological approach followed to carry out our study requires the use of appropriate...

Ijaz Haider1,2*, Muhammad Riaz2, Sikandar Ali2, Qurban Ali1, Ali Noman3, Dilbar Hussain1, Imran Nadeem1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Aqsa Abbas1, Asad Aslam1, Hafiz Saad Bin Mustafa2, Ejaz Ul Hassan2, Muhammad Zubair2, Muhammad Saleem1 and Muhammad Kamil Malik1

... methods. Due to certain environmental issues and insecticide resistance problems, adoption of alternate methods of insect control is imperative. In this experiment we used some insecticides alone and in combination with Salicylic acid against B. tabaci. Flonicamid 50% DF at the rate of 80 g/ac and Diafenthiuran 50% SC at the rate of 200 mL/ac were used against Whitefly. Salicylic acid (SA) by Sigma-Aldrich 500 G was used 01 mL/L of water along with the tested...

Shaimaa M. Ahmed1, Gehan M.A. Kassem1*, Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez2, Heba H.S. Abdel-Naeem1 

...sponse to different food environments and conditions. This study was conducted to quantify the growth behavior of S. aureus in Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) using turbidity and plate count methods as well as monitoring and modelling its potential growth in chicken breast and thigh meats at room temperature (25 °C) and refrigeration temperature (4 °C). The calibration curve showed a linear relationship between the turbidity measurement and bacterial cell co...

Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad1,2, Latiffah Hassan1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Hassan Ismail Musa1, 2*, Maswati Mat Amin3 

...ies of the soil or water environment within which microorganisms dwell have been shown to influence the presence of Burkholderia pseudomallei. A total of 78 isolates, of which 56 are from soil and 22 from water obtained from livestock farm environments, were molecularly characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and analyzed against the environmental physicochemical properties from...

Muhammad Ahsan Riaz1, Ayesha Riaz2, Muhammad Asif Mahmood3, Muhammad Uzair Mukhtar3*, Zaib Un Nisa1, Beenish Ijaz4 and Muhammad Shahid Rasool5

... of the critical abiotic environmental factors that can influence biological and physiological processes, including mobility, development, and reproduction in poikilotherms. Due to the medical importance of Aedes aegypti as a vector of several medically important pathogens, evaluating the body length variation of Aedes aegypti larvae with the changing seasonal temperature is important. The study was conducted to observe the difference in body size and differen...

Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Fazli Wahab1, Miftah-ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Imran Shinwari1, Ata Ullah1, Liaqat Khan1 and Sara Hidayat

...ioscopia could be a best environment friendly weed management strategy and for yield enhancement of onion crop in Peshawar region.

...

Meng Wang, Dongliang Zhou, Huixia Li, Chunqin Wu,Yan Zhao and Houqiang Luo*

...embrane or extracellular environment of the bacterial cell, or directly to other cells. The bacterial secretion system plays an irreplaceable role in this process. Up to now, at least 11 kinds of secretion systems are involved in the pathogenesis role of bacteria, especially the formation of bacterial resistance. Therefore, the study of the bacterial secretion system is of great significance for antibiotic treatment of bacterial diseases. Most of the secretion...

Faiza Siddique1, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Rana Arsalan Javaid1, Alvina Hanif1, Maria Rabnawaz1, Muhammad Arshad2, Irum Raza3 and Abid Majeed1*

...s of sensitivity to this environmental stress, rice, which is a drought-sensitive crop, exhibits notable varietal variability. for the estimation of elite coarse rice lines to withstand against the drought stress especially during early plant developmental phases and germination and seedling stage, an experiment was carried out from June to July 2021 at the Rice Molecular Breeding Laboratory of the Rice Research Program, Crop Sciences Institute, National Agric...

Somia Eissa Sharawi

...-CoV-2 by insects in the environment.
 
Keywords | Insects, Biological transmission, Mechanical transmission, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
...

Jaffar Hussain1*, Zeenat M. Ali1, Syed Farman Ali Shah1, Abdul Nasir Laghari2 and Munazza Sohail3

...l with both economic and environmental pressure on agricultural lands in general. According to an estimate the energy demand may increase from 60.4 to 129 million tones of oil equivalent in the next 15 years in Pakistan. Fossil fuels are the major source of energy in the world. The consumption of fossil fuels like that natural gas, coal and petroleum base products are going to end, so to find alternative source of energy to meet the global energy demand. Renew...

Muhammad Usman Shafi1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Tiyyabah Khan2, Waheed Anwar2, Adnan Akhter2 and Muhammad Zubair3

... negative effects on the environment. The purpose of this survey was to check the knowledge about pesticide uses, risks and storage among farmers in Lahore division of Punjab, Pakistan. And, to get knowledge from farmers regarding local knowledge system (LKS) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Most of respondents 97% (out of total 250) were male and 28% were between the ages of 26-45 years. Thirteen percent respondents had acquired education up to secondary...

Suleman Irfan1*, Masood Rabbani1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Sehrish Firyal2 and Arfat Yousaf Shaheen1

...ic conditions in poultry environment that ultimately cause food-borne infections. Besides this, feed also becomes a source of bacterial contamination in animals and humans. This study was helpful in devising strategy to provide safe food for public consumption.

...

Chang-Man Kim1, Sam-Churl Kim2 , Young-Ho Joo2, In-Hag Choi3*

...animal health, and their environment. The control technology for odor emissions is still needed. Thus, the objective of the current study was to evaluate aluminum chloride (AlCl3) as an acidifier to reduce odorous compounds from pig slurry, as well as microclimatic temperature variations and pig eye conditions in pig indoor facilities during storage. A total of 360 crossbred fattening pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc]) with an average body weig...

Imtiaz Kashani and Sher Khan Panhwar*

...fferent topographies and environmental conditions causing significant variation in populations of Karalla daura. Therefore, it is assumed that this species has ability to adopt different ecosystem for survival despite acquiring adverse impact on phenotypic characteristics. 

...

Yanping Li, Fei Xu, Yongming Wang*, Yunyun Lv, Jinrong Shi, Biwen Xie, Wenyao Cai and Dian Liu

...due to anthropogenic and environmental threats. There is an increasing need to implement captive propagation programs to protect their populations. Here, we firstly carried out artificial breeding of S. superciliaris and S. reevesae, and hybrid combinations were designed as S. superciliaris ♀ × S. reevesae ♂, and S. superciliaris ♂ × S. reevesae ♀. Secondly, 19 microsatellite loci were used to evaluate genetic diversity between hybrid offsp...

Siswanto Imam Santoso*, Agus Setiadi, Wahyu Dyah Prastiwi 

...ng social, economic, and environmental aspects. Medical and technological factors significantly affect production. Social factors, egg processing, technology, and production significantly affect sustainability. To improve the sustainability of duck farming, it is necessary to increase the role of the farmer association, apply feed processing technology, diversify duck egg processing and boost technical efficiency in regard to increasing duck egg production. Fo...

Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Jawad1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Muhammad Yasin4, Samrin Gul5, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Farkhanda Bibi1, Wajid Khan6, Tanweer Kumar6, Muhammad Arif6 and Khilwat Afridi7

...analysis across the same environment revealed a significant difference (P ≥ 0.01) for all the parameters i.e., days to heading, days interval, plant height, flag leaf area, tillers m-2, spike length, spikelet spike-1, grain spike-1, thousand grain weight, grain yield and biological yield across three planting dates i.e., early, normal, and late respectively. Differences between wheat genotypes and genotype-environment int...

Shujaullah Khan1, Zahid Hussain1*, Haroon Khan1 and Omer Suha Uslu2

... the most economical and environment friendly weed management strategy in wheat crop in the long run. In order to assess the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on wheat crop in comparison with certain synthetic herbicides, a field experiment was designed in the Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, in the wheat growing season of 2020-21. A Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) was used for the layout of the experiment, keeping four replications...

M.A.M.M. Shehab-El-Deen1,2*, S.A. Al-Dobaib1 and K.A. Al-Sobayil1

...ation in the oocyte microenvironment of metabolically stressed lactating dairy cows during the post-partum period where the negative energy balance occurred. Oocytes were in vitro matured under elevated levels of NEFAs for 24 h in serum-free maturation media. Obtained zygotes were cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid with 5% FCS for eight days. Blastocyst stages from each treatment group were assessed and evaluated for their quality by determining the ACR by me...

Salman Ahmad1*, Muhammad Asim1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2, Muhammad Atiq3, Yasir Ali4, Hafiz Bashir Ahmad5, Malik Abdul Rehman6 and Naeem Akhtar7

... and the relationship of environmental factors with ACP. Surveys were conducted to record the incidence of CG and estimate the yield losses caused by it. The study of population dynamics of ACP revealed that ACP population was higher between 7th to 14th April and 11th to 18th September, during 2017 and 2018. While, there was less ACP population between February 10th to 2nd March and 10th July to 30th July, during 2017 and 2018, respectively. There was signific...

Selvaraj Thanga Malathi¹, Venkatraman Anuradha1*, Mohamed Yacoob Syed Ali2, Muhameed Sajjad Sarwar3, Nagarajan Yogananth2

... marine organisms due to environmental pollution. Heavy metal (chromium, beryllium etc.,) or trace metal (lithium, titanium etc.,) pollution alters the thyroid hormone secretion not only in human beings; but also affects the aquatic species such as fish. Low or nil secretion of thyroid hormone will leads to metabolic stress that in turn breakdown the basic metabolic processes that eventually ends in disturbing the marine ecosystem. The current research work de...

Yakun Ge

...CO2 in a humid incubator environment. Quantitative analysis of ROS was performed using flow cytometry and median fluorescence intensity detection. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT method. Combined treatment promoted the production of ROS. The cell viability of the combined treatment group was lower than that of the control group at 24h, 48hs and 72h (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression level of E-cadherin mRNA in the combined trea...

Yingying Ye1, Chengrui Yan1, Kaida Xu2, Jiji Li1, Jing Miao1, Zhenming Lü1 and Baoying Guo1*

...to over exploitation and environmental disruption and particularly because of the deterioration of their spawning grounds. In this study, we developed primers for nine microsatellite loci resulting from an enrichment process based on the Wenzhou population. Eight out of nine microsatellite loci were used to analyze population genetic diversity of cuttlefish in China Sea. The results showed high levels of genetic diversity in all populations with highest mean n...

Kinza Javed1, Muhammad Ali1, Waqas Farooq2, Majeeda Rasheed1*, Farkhanda Yasmin3, Samiya Rehman3, Sadaf ul Hira1 and Jawad Ali3

... LSDV depends including, environment, humidity, temperature and regions where vectors of its dispersal are more. This disease is spreading at its high at the end of summer season when there is more humidity in air and autumn. Its control is done by vaccination and quarantine of infected animal to prevent its contact with the healthy animals.

...

Rashid Saraz1, Saiqa Amur1, Zia-ul-Hassan1*, Naheed Akhter Talpur1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Sohail Memon2, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro3, Khalid Hussain Talpur1 and Nizamuddin Depar4

...tural sustainability and environmental health. Soil variability mapping of district Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Pakistan – globally known as the city of high-quality mangoes – was done for the first time. Surface (20 cm depth) soil samples were collected from 127 locations of six sub-divisions of district Mirpurkhas (locally known as talukas) i.e. Digri, Hussain Bux Mari, Jhuddo, Kot Ghulam Muhammad, Mirpurkhas and Sindhri. The coordinates of each sampling ...

Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan and Abdul Rauf Shakoori*

...le changes in brain microenvironments and individual cells, which can lead to a more precise pathological understanding of the neuroinflammatory process.

...

Feng-Yan Liu1,2,3, Ting Chen1,2,3, Yu-Hui Li1,2,3, Zheng Liu1,2,3, Jing-Jin Zheng1,2,3, You-Bang Li1,2,3* and Zhong-hao Huang1,2,3*

Nabila Rasheed1, Shumaila Usman2*, Madeeha Sadiq3, Bushra Wasim3, Kanwal Haneef4, Hafsa Shafqat3, Tabinda Urooj3 and Saman Rashid4
 
...rse effects on perinatal environment as well as on the cellular properties of WJMSCs. This study was designed to determine the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on proliferation of WJMSCs (GDM-WJMSCs). Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from Wharton’s jelly tissue of normal(healthy) samples and from the GDM affected sample. The isolated cells were characterized for the presence of stem cells markers by Immunocytochemistry. After characteri...

Arshad Khan, Mohammad Ihsan, Maryam Bibi, Gul Rahim, Fazl Ullah, Komail Khan and Ali Hazrat*

...s as compared to control environment. After germination, four maize genotypes were evaluated for morphological study. Different concentration (0, 50, 100 and 200) mM NaCl were applied at appropriate stages. Salt stress shows reduction in growth of all mays varieties. Plant height in case of control and treated, the mean value was 31.27, standard error 1.16, coefficient of variance was 26.94, range from Minimum 25 cm and maximum 32 cm, leaf length in control an...

A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2

...expensive and considered environmentally friendly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize selenium nanoparticles from Citrus paradise peels extract (SeNPs-CP), their general characterization, and their assessment for antioxidant activities against liver injury induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in male rats. In this work, Citrus paradise peels extract used for reduction of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to reduce Se ions to Se0 confirmed by changing the...

A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2

...expensive and considered environmentally friendly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize selenium nanoparticles from Citrus paradise peels extract (SeNPs-CP), their general characterization, and their assessment for antioxidant activities against liver injury induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in male rats. In this work, Citrus paradise peels extract used for reduction of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to reduce Se ions to Se0 confirmed by changing the...
Mai M. Dawood*1, Mohamed Fawzy2 and Mohamed S. Elshahidy3
...IBDv in Egyptian poultry environment. In conclusion, theses data reveal the success and nonstop evolution of the vvIBDv in the Egyptian environment. This is why we must do further analysis in result of the nature of the viruses.
...

Abdullah Alsrhani1*, Aisha Farhana1, Shahid Hussain2 and Muhammad Ikram Ullah1

...d, which develops due to environmental and genetic predispositions. Various studies have explored the role of 25(OH)-D deficiency in HT. Although vitamin D supplementation is suggested to improve thyroid functions, the mechanism of action of vitamin D on thyroid hormones remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to determine serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, serum thyroid antibodies, and serum 25(OH)-D and underscore the association of vi...

Asifa Majeed*, Amir Rashid, Palvasha Waheed, Asma Faryal, Aden Razaq and Ayesha Maryam

...tion in association with environmental and lifestyle modifications can play a central role in the progression of diabetic dyslipidemia. A cross-sectional study was designed to detect pathogenic genetic variants in APOA1 and ABCG1 genes associated with dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients. A total of ninety subjects of both genders, aged between 30-70  years were randomly selected and further divided into a diabetic dyslipidemia group, a diabetic group...

Shaista Ilyas1, Safdar Ali1, Amer Habib1, Misbah Ali1,2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3*, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Usman Ghani4,5 and Muhammad Umair1

... to find the relation of environmental factors and disease development. There was a positive relationship between disease severity (Cercospora leaf spot disease) and relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall. The results revealed that there was negative correlation between maximum temperature and disease development. It could be concluded that the application of nutrients alone and in combination caused significant reduction in disease severity and enhanced t...

Javed Hussain Umrani1, Roseena2, Ashfaq Ahmed3, Saba Iqbal2, Amtul Sami4, Mumtaz Ali Salito5 and Gulnaz Parveen2*

...analyzed under a control environment. Each replication was treated with different NaCl solutions of 0  (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 mol m-3. Wheat varieties viz; T.J-83, Sarsabz, and Moomal showed significantly superior germination and seedling growth, while T.D-1 and Kiran-95 exhibited reduced germination and seedling growth under 0 (control ), 50, 100, 150 and 200 mol m-3 salinity levels. It was observed that increased salinity from 50 to 200 mol m-3...

Bdour Muhammed Al-Shweily1*, Jawad Bulbul Al-Zaidawi2, Muhammed Jubair Hanawi1 

...nered attention, wherein environmentally safe organisms such as nematodes and fungi are employed. This study examines their efficacy in controlling the insect larvae and pupae. The integration of these indigenous biological control agents yielded notable mortality rates for the targeted larvae and pupae. The highest rates were achieved when using a higher concentration of fungi, specifically 20×10^6 spore/mL, in combination with 100 infective juveniles/m...

Muneer Abbas1*, Sohail Abbas2, Imran Faraz3, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Zubeda Parveen1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Sana Ullah4* and Malik Akhtar Iqbal5

...h as pest resistance and environmental pollution. Some formerly minor pests have transformed into major threats by altering their biology and host preferences. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) offers a promising solution by reducing the reliance on insecticides. Many countries worldwide have successfully adopted IPM techniques to manage crop pests. However, in countries like Pakistan, the adoption of IPM practices remains limited among farmers, resulting in a ...

Ayoola J. Shoyombo1, Ake A. Moses1, Comfort I. Ukim2, Mustapha A. Popoola2, Olayinka O. Alabi1, Noah C. Edozie1, Faith Ogbor1, Jacob Kuusu1, Ekemini M. Okon3* 

...ls were kept in the same environment. The results showed that most hormones in the does were nominally superior during the wet season compared to the dry season, while progesterone and luteinizing hormones were significantly (p<0.05) higher during the wet season. Only testosterone was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the wet season compared to the dry season in WAD bucks. All other measured hormones in WAD bucks showed no clear pattern. This study hypoth...

Fatimah A. Al-Saeed 

...vernments. Globally, the environment is suffering from the increased rates of pollution that seriously threaten the stability of the ecosystem and living organisms. Currently, the environment is increasingly exposed to chemical pollutants, including heavy metals, which affect humans, animals and plants. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal known as a toxic factor to humans, animals and plants. Saudi Arabia is enriched with medicina...

Blessing Ndenum Peter1, Olufemi Bolarinwa Adedeji1, Reuben Chukwuka Okocha2,3*, Ekemini Moses Okon4 

...n from personnel and the environment

...

MAH NOOR KHAN, NABILA ROOHI, BILAL JAVED & MUHAMMAD AMIR IQBAL*

...workers exposed to these environments.

...

SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI*, ZULFIQAR ALI & RIDA AHMAD

...designed to monitor microenvironments
of asthmatic residential houses (n=50) in Lahore, Pakistan.
PM10 and PM (Total) was monitored in the living rooms and immediate
outdoor of residential household of each selected site using DustTrak
aerosol monitor (model 8533, TSI Inc.). Results of this study indicated
poor air quality in the residential indoor environments of a...

RUBAB ZAFAR KAHLON*& IBTISAM BUTT

...analysis of the possible environmental and
anthropogenic factors which played a role in the decline of bird richness
in the study area.
...

Zainab Sattar Ali* , Safa Azhar Razzaq , Layla Hammody Hashem 

...particles (SeNPs) in our environment made the evaluation of its toxicity an urgent requirement. This study designed to investigate the impact of Green synthesized of SeNps and prophylactic effects of L-Arginine and propolis for male reproductive system. The animals evenly partitioned to four groups; (G1) group: were received distilled water. (G2) group: were intubated 200mg/kg B.W of Black Tea Selenium Nanoparticles (BTSe), (G3) group: were intubated 200 mg/k...

Hazrat Usman1, Shakeel Ahmad2*, Salah Uddin3, Humaira Wasila3 and Yasser Durrani4

Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud1,2*, Yonis Abukar Mohamed1,3 and Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed1,4

...elfare, livelihoods, and environmental sustainability is highlighted, emphasizing the need for comprehensive approaches. Stakeholder engagement, partnerships, and capacity-building initiatives are crucial for effective collaboration and resource optimization. Addressing research gaps, including socio-economic impact assessments, intervention effectiveness evaluations, cultural and contextual considerations, analysis of different production systems, and explora...

Al Salihi karima Akool1* , Almas. M. Al-Bayati2, Iman Mousa Khaleel3  

...cy, which is affected by environments, feeding, stage of lactation, breed, species and diseases of the udder . Moreover, she-camels also shows fluctuating in the lactation length from 9 to 18 months. This study intends to investigate the macro and microscopical features of local Arabian she-camel’s productive and nonproductive mammary glands (SCPMG & SCN-PMG). Sixteen mammary gland samples and its teats ( 8 SCPMG and 8 SCN-PMG) were collected from A...

Salim Saifullah1*, Tasmina Kanwal2 and Khadija Rehman2

...ranging consequences for environmental concerns.

...

Muhammad Shahid Nisar1*, Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Ghulam Fatima2, Irfan Ahmed4, Khizar Sami Ullah2 and Syeda Amber Hameed2,5

...oilers and decreased the environmental pollution and for functional food ingredients, natural antioxidants, antimicrobial compounds and substantially reduce the amount of waste.

...

Sajid Mehmood Shahzad

...ucial component of their environment and the food chain. People can use Seaweeds for many purposes, such as food, medicine, cosmetics, and industrial processes. Several types of aromatic and cosmetic Seaweeds used in the cosmetics industry may be found off the coast of Pakistan. Pakistan generated $1.94 million in 2020 as the 57th-highest exporter of Seaweeds, locust beans, and related items. Five-year projections for Pakistan (2016–2020) suggest conside...
...ted with PMoV. Effect of environmental factors and populations of insects on virus infection.
...

Shafqat Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Rafiq Ullah1, Raheela Taj3, Fatima Syed3, Shumaila Gul4, Faiza Khan5, Ibad Ullah Jan6, Muneeb Islam7 and Sumaira8

...s were kept in a control environment. At day 7, five groups were made with four replicas in each group based on the diet being offered. Group A, the positive control group fed with normal basal diet group B was termed as negative control group offered basal diet + dexamethasone and group C, D and E was offered 0.2mg/kg, 0.3mg/kg, and 0.4mg/kg of basal diet, respectively. The trial lasted for 35-days and on the last day two chickens from each replicate were sla...

Anshara Javed Qureshi and Ishrat Aziz*

...tter hygienic or healthy environment.

...

Ahmed Al-Hasnawi*, Wafaa Kadhim Jasim

...ine’s usage in our environment grew quickly, it became important to assess their toxicity, The goal of the current investigation was to determine if aloe vera extract had any protective effects against the hematological and histopathological alterations brought on by azathioprine. animals are evenly divided into four categories: (G1) group: were received distilled water. (G2) group: were administrating azathioprine (50mg/kg. b. w). (G3) group: were admin...

Ehtesham Khan, Talha Ahmed, M. Irfan Anis* and Syed Ahsan Rehman

...nt cultivation in a mist environment by spraying micro droplets of nutrient solution on the roots of plant in a closed habitat in order to procure fast and healthy plant growth. It is a soil-less culture as soil is just the medium for the plant for nutrients ingestion. As nutrients are supplied in an air water culture in the form of mist directly to the roots. This type of farming uses the micro elements from the nutrient solution in the form of mist in a more...

Imtiaz Khan1*, Abdullah1, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan1, Saima Hashim1, Shomayela Afzal2 and Khalid Nawab3 

...ke herbicide resistance, environmental impacts, and sustainability while formulating weed management strategies in agricultural practices. Further research may be needed to optimize the application of different treatments and to explore additional weed management techniques to maintain effective weed control in the long term.

...

Shudong Liu1,2, Shuai Wang1,2, Haoran Cui1 and Genyuan Chen1,2*

...used by both genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genomic regions that are associated with ACMS in the Chinese Merino sheep population. To identify the genetic risk factors of alopecia in Chinese Merino sheep population, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 60 Chinese Merino sheep alopecia cases and the 190 Chinese Merino sheep controls were from the same livestock farm. DNA wa...

Muhammad Ayub1*, Syed Arif Husain Rizvi2, Ishtiaq Hussain3, Musa Ali Hashmi4, Iqbal Hussain5, Shahid Hussain1, Zakir Hussain1 and Rehmat Kabir6 

... insecticides results in environmental pollution. Therefore, combining integrated pest management strategies is considered a practical approach to control this pest. During 2019-20, the individual and combined effects of cultural control techniques including soil racking, egg burning, and egg removal from stem crevices, were evaluated for their effectiveness in controlling this invasive insect pest. Three types of forest trees including willow (Salix wilhelmsi...

Muhammad Mansoor1, Shahid Hameed Khalil2,4*, Muhammad Arshad Khan3, Ghani Akbar2, Muhammad Shahzad Khan4, Rana Naveed Mustafa2 and Salah ud Din5

...s for mung beans in such environments.

...

Muhammad Luqman1*, Muhammad Talha Shoaib1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Umair Safdar2 and Hassan Raza2

...ions on human health and environment in district Sargodha. A cross sectional survey method using convenient sampling was adopted for this research and data was collected from 300 respondents with the help of structured interview schedule. The results revealed that all the respondents (100%) considered ‘enhance farm production’, ‘control of insect/pest’ and ‘weed eradication’ as major factors for application of pesticides. Mo...

Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3

...eed that suits the local environmental conditions. This research study suggests that the silkworms of Chinese race are better adapted and produce more yield in local climatic conditions of Punjab, Pakistan.
...

Nafissa Sahel1*, Fadela Chougrani2, Abderrahim Cheriguene3 and Zineb Hamani1

...ed, lactation period and environmental conditions. Microbiological results indicate that camel milk from Tindouf was the most contaminated with total aerobic flora, psychrotrophic flora, total and thermos-tolerant coliforms, faecal streptococci, total yeasts and moulds. Whereas camel milk from El Bayadh was the least contaminated with total aerobic flora, psychrotrophic flora, total yeasts and moulds. All samples tested for pathogenicity were negative for path...

Adnan Ibrahim Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa S. Ali3 and Anwer Thamer Ghaffoori2

...ience, adapt to the work environment, and develop the skills to work harmoniously with work colleagues. The researcher also recommends the need to conduct studies on the role of women in these small projects. 

...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Rida Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim3, Imad-ul-Din Zangi4
... for the contribution of environmental variables through Jackknife test showed that temperature was the prime environmental variable. Results revealed that out of total, 4388 km2, 406.03 km2 area was calculated to be highly suitable for kalij pheasant. Identification of hotspots and potential habitats for kalij pheasant can be considered as an important initiative to conserve the species.

...

Farhana Umer1, Muhammad Sheryar2 and Sangam Khalil3*

...to consumers and its own environment is tremendous. Among various hazards, the overhead wires associated with power lines are the most fatal hazard to birds. The power lines and poles have caused fatal risks for birds and have affected their habitats significantly. Dangerous types of power poles in the middle voltage lines which have small distances between the lines and short insulators cause short-circuits between conductor wires or ground-faults. This paper...

Hualong Jiang1, Tao Li2,3*, Jing Xiang3, Hanqing Yang3 and Maolin He3

...ering activities induced environmental disturbance, which impaired the ecosystem balance. LEfSe and SIMPER approaches revealed a significant abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi in group EG, while these taxa were rare in sediments of a control group. Increased abundance and metabolic functions of these rare ectomycorrhizal fungi suggested that rare microeukaryotes should play fundamentally ecological roles in local ecosystems, especially when

Mubashar Hussain*, Habiba Razaq, Muhammad Faheem Malik, Kiran Aftab, Jaweria Riaz and Somia Liaqat

...gical control agents and environmental indicators that inhabit a wide range of habitats. The diversity of carabid beetles in Pakistan has not yet been studied extensively, despite their diversified ecological roles. In the present study, the ground beetle communities from three subdivisions of district Mandi Bahauddin (Phalia, Malakwal and Mandi Bahauddin) were sampled by handpicking and placing pitfall traps from August 2020 to July 2021. A total of 4008 spec...
Rabiea Pervaiz, Shaista Bano*, Sarfraz Ali Tunio, Abdul Nabi Jatt and Aisha Amber Soomro
...s species from a diverse environment and Proteus mirabilis from clinical environment were strongly inhibited.

...
Suneela, Sajida Mushtaq*, Sadia Maalik, Asma Waheed Qureshi and Moazama Batool
... the impact of different environmental factors on presence of different species.
...

Roheela Yasmeen1,3* , Faheem Hafeez1 , Umme Ammara1 , Rubab Younas1 , Sibtain Ahmad2 , Zulfiqar Ali3, Zaheer Ahmad Nasir4 

...r bioaccumulation in the environment.  

...

Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2

...aptation). With the work environment, marketing capabilities, and the ability to create and excel), the study also aimed to identify the determinants that hinder work in agricultural projects. The number is (235) respondents distributed among (5) agricultural divisions, the descriptive approach was used as a method to achieve the objectives of the research. A questionnaire was prepared to collect study data if it included two main axes. The first axis included...
Mohga A. El-Tahlawey1, Samah. A. Mokbel1, A.M. Mandour1,and H. A. Mohamed2
...ted with PMoV. Effect of environmental factors and populations of insects on virus infection revealed a positive relationship was recorded between Insect incidence and percentage of virus infection during 2007 and 2009, meanwhile the temperature and relative humidity were lower in Behera than Fayoum. the percentage of virus infection was higher.
...

Yousifl ,3 , Ausama A. and Al-Naeem , Abdelmohsen A.

...logy of the virus in the environment. It also reduces our capability to evaluate vaccine-based control strategies. OPV continues to persist in nature and re-emerge. We were able to isolate a CMLV from an outbreak in the Eastern Provence of KSA in 2009. The infection produced mild clinical signs in adults and camel calves. We were able to confirm that the isolate was indeed CMLV using PCR and partial sequencing of the A-type inclusion protein (ATIP) gene. The o...

Rizqan*, Hilda Susanty, Linda Suhartati, Azhar, Arief, Elly Roza 

...ability as a natural and environmentally friendly teat dipping solution for dairy cattle.
 

...

Hillary M.O. Otieno1,2*

...s the potential crop and environmental risks that may arise from the improper use of herbicides and highlights the importance of implementing mitigation strategies to ensure sustainable and responsible herbicide usage in the region.

...
Rahmat Ullah Khan*1, Karim Gabol1, Abbas Khan1, Asif Sadam2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Hamid Ullah5, Muhsin Ali4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...of food, and unfavorable environmental conditions. The study area is rich in bird diversity however, awareness campaigns and enforcement of legislation are required on a priority basis to conserve the avian diversity, distribution, and address the threats.

...

Riaz Alam1*, Muhammad Sajid2, Imtiaz Hussain3, Gulzar Ullah1, Hussain Shah3, Muhammad Arshad Farooq3 and Rashid Muhammad4

...n in olives in the local environmental conditions of Sangbhatti, Mardan-Pakistan.

...

Jiaojiao Wang, Wei Liu, Qingqian Lin and Jianhua Hou*

...s are special ecological environments. To study the effects of aircraft flight noise disturbance on airport bird communities, the composition and diversity of airport bird communities on flight and non-flight days were investigated using a line transect sampling method at the eastern airport of Hebei Province from June to August, 2019. In total, 36 species belonging to 11 orders and 22 families of birds were recorded. Disturbances such as noise from aircraft f...

Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati

...illus pumilus. Metal and environmental resistance mechanisms underscore the complex adaptations within the birds’ gastrointestinal. The study highlights concern regarding the elevated presence of antibiotic resistance genes, particularly those associated with synthetic antibiotics, pointing to potential environmental exposures, including agricultural antibiotic use.
 
Keywords | AMR genes, ...

Ida Indrayani*, Andi Andri, Tevina Edwin

 
 
...cators economic, social, environmental, and institutional. The total feed availability of Pesisir Selatan regency was 251,378 Tons DM/year, while the current total feed needs are 78,823.93 Tons/DM/year. The ability of the area to accommodate ruminants based on the total availability of feed in the Pesisir Selatan regency is 220,057 ST, with an IDD value of 3.19, which means it is safe for the development of ruminant livestock. Analysis of sustainability showed...

Yaseen1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Maryam Begum3, Sumbal Bibi3, Umber3, Namra3, Abbas Khan4, Shumaila Gul5 and Raheela Taj6

...s when released into the environment lead to induced toxicity in a large number of non-target organisms. Some of these are non-biodegradable and are persistently present in environment leading to environmental pollution. These chemicals eventually reach aquatic bodies and cause various histopathological, hematological, bio-chemical and enzymatic alterations in the bodies of aquatic organis...

Aniqa Qaisar, Shabana Naz* and Sajida Arooj

...als contamination in the environment of captive Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) kept at different geographical regions of Punjab (Jallo Wildlife Park Lahore, Wildlife Park Bahawalnagar and Wildlife Park Murree). For that purpose, Surface soil, deep soil, water, fecal and feed samples were collected as indicators to estimate the heavy metals pollution in the environment of captive P. cristatus. Cr. Pb, Ni, Co and Mn were iden...

Kunlayaphat Wuthijaree1, Pattaraporn Tatsapong1, Sukanya Yung-Rahang2, Prayad Thirawong2, Koonphol Pongmanee2*

...ckens reared in backyard environments have subclinical infections with at least one helminth species.    
 
Keywords | Helminth, Worm burden, Infection intensity, Indigenous chicken
...

Kalsoom Abdulrazaq1*, Bisma Arif1, Rimsha Mehboob2, Asma Mehboob3 

... biological factors; and environmental and socioeconomic factors. Throughout history, wild and domestic animals have consistently contributed to the spread of zoonoses, posing a global hazard to public health. Preventing and controlling zoonoses requires the ability to mobilize resources across various sectors and collaboration with intersectoral strategies, especially between national and international veterinary and public health services. This collaborative...

Moazama Batool1*, Saima Naz2*, Sheeza Bano1, Sadia Nazir3, Ghulam Abbas4, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha5, Maria Lateef2 and Fatima Yasmin2

...fish species in the test environment. These findings contribute to understanding the differential responses of Catla catla and Labeo rohita to the toxic effects of lead, nickel, and cadmium mixture.

...

Shanti Fitriani*, Usman Pato, Yusmarini Yusuf, Emma Riftyan, Evy Rossi

...es were stored in a cold environment for different durations, such as 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days. Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA, and differences between treatments were analyzed using DNMRT at the 5% level. The result showed that the concentration of bacteriocin significantly affected moisture, ash, and protein contents but did not significantly influence the descriptive test.   The best treatment in this study was B5 (the addition of bac...

Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory1*, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2, Majeed Ajafar1, Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali1

ZOHAIB SAEED1, SHAHID IQBAL*1, UMER YOUNAS1,2, MUHAMMAD PERVAIZ*3, SYED MOHSIN ALI NAQVI3 & RANA RASHAD MAHMOOD KHAN3

... issue worldwide for the environmentalists. There are many methods for its disposal. The most suitable and economical method is its land application. Lagenaria siceraria L. plant was grown in various amendments of soil and sewage sludge to check the tolerance of the plant and to select the optimized mixing of sewage sludge with soil for this particular plant. Estimation of biochemical parameters like chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, and protein content...
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1*, KAFEEL AHMAD1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MUHAMMAD NADEEM3, ASMA ASHFAQ1,
BABAR MUNIR1, HAFSA MEMOONA3, MADIHA SANA3, FARZANA SHAHEEN1, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD4, HIRA MUQADAS4, MAHPARA SHEZADI5, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA6, HUMAYUN BASHIR1,
MUDASRA MUNIR1, ILKER UGULU7 & YUNUS DOGAN7
..., lead and nickel in the environment are currently increasing, mainly due to human activities. Zinc is essential element for several biochemical processes in plants. Any of these metals, at high concentrations in soil, can cause severe damage to physiological and biochemical activities of plants. Scarcity of fresh water in agricultural area enforced farmers to use industrial effluent and domestic wastewater for irrigation purpose. Ramzan sugar mill industry lo...

NAILA MALKANI*, IRFAN ISHAQUE, KHALID SHAHBAZ, RIZWAN ULLAH KHAN, ARIFA SHABBIR & ATIF YAQUB

... gaining popularity. The environmental changes in natural aquatic bodies due to ever-increasing input of pollutants in them adversely affect fish populations and also the pollutants get bio-accumulated in the aquatic food chain. The present study was undertaken to compare selected health parameters of farm-raised and wild-caught Labeo rohita. Twenty fish were taken from each of the two groups to perform kidney and liver enzymes profile and histological analysi...

Adriana Beatriz Sánchez-Urdaneta1,2*, Gisela del Carmen Rivero-Maldonado2, Cecilia Beatriz Peña-Valdivia3 and Dianelis del Carmen Sánchez-Urdaneta4

 

 

...lants to certain extreme environments. This is because a thicker cuticle, epidermis, collenchyma, and parenchyma in these plants can improve survival and growth in arid conditions. At the same time, these characteristics can optimize the efficient use of water, while providing greater protection of the inner tissues. All of the above has applicability for the selection and cultivation of promising genotypes.
...
MAIMOONA KANWAL, MUBASHAR HUSSAIN*, ZAHEER ABBAS1, SHAKIL AHMAD KHAN2, FATIMA
ZAFAR & RIZWANKHURSHEED2
...ve under prevailing environmental conditions if reared on mulberry leaves rich in vitamins (B and C) in addition to amino acids (Alanine and Glycine) contents or supplemented.
...

ATEEQUE RAHMAN KHOOHARO* & PIRZADA JAMALUDDIN A. SIDDIQUI

...ography & prevailing environmental conditions.

...

*SHAJAHAN BAIG1, MUSHTAQ AHMAD SALEEM1, MUHAMMAD AZMAT ULLAH KHAN1 ZEESHAN NADEEM2, SUFIAN AHMED2, MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID3 & TANZEEM AKBAR CHEEMA3

...evelopment under diverse environmental conditions.

...

*ARIFA ZEREEN1, ALMAS JAHAN1,SHEIKH SAEED AHMAD2 & ZAHEER-UD-DIN KHAN3

... to study vegetation and environmental parameters associated with Sahiwal district. For the phytosociological survey Braun-Blanquet’s methodology was employed. In order to classify the vegetation data, ordination research tactics i.e., Two Way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) were used. Vegetation data obtained from forty quadrats was compiled. Thirty eight plant species belonging to twenty one families we...

Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5

... on human health and the environment, its continuous use is discouraged worldwide. The search for other eco-friendly alternatives has led to the use of different plant extracts with known pesticidal properties. This current research was conducted to determine the nematicidal status of Anacardium occidental fractions. Analysis of ethanol extract of A. occidentale using gas chromatography spectrometry revealed the presence of several phyto constituents such as p...

Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin1, Ateeq Ullah2*, Raheela Nawaz3, Yagoob Garedaghi4, Abbas M.A. Al-Azab5 and Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh6

...aving defecation in open environment. Children with pet animals were highly infected than all others. Regarding drinking water sources, the children use well water were more infected than tape waters as a drinking source. Further studies are required on the same area to understand the prevalence and intensity of infection. Health programs should be suggested on personal and environmental hygiene practices. 

...

Sedef Selviler Sizer1, Semih Kurt1*, Burcu Onuk1, Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci2 and Murat Kabak1

...low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly are commonly used to prepare osteological materials in museums. This study was carried out to produce osteological material from the heads of roe deer, cows, and cats using a Dermestes maculatus (De Geer, 1774) colony and reveal the colony’s meat consumption performance in terms of time. In addition, using hydrogen peroxide solution to kill remaining beetles in the cleaned osteological material and determ...
Mouhamed Zakiou Kolawole Adissa Raimi1, Ghulam Hussain2, Nousheen Zafeer3, Faheem Ahmad1, Muhammad Irfan4, Anwar Ullah1, Imdad Kaleem1 and Asghar Shabbir1*
...ing multiple genetic and environmental factors. Although, the demyelinated lesions develop throughout the brain, but more frequently are extensive in white matter. Currently, three different approaches are being utilized to treat MS, where synthetic drugs are the most frequently used but they do not cure the disease. Secondly, the stem cell therapy but this too has limited success in treating MS in humans. The thirds technique involving administering hormones ...

Noor-ul-Ain1, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Saba Naz1, Kiran Saleem1,2, Syeda Rida Hasan1, Sana Arif1, Rida Ahmad1,3, Nida Naeem1, Zarmina Zainab1 and Aliza Batool1,3

...ased on the provision of environmental enrichments to the bear pairs. Each pair’s pre-enrichment activity budget data was collected by scan sampling method of 70 h, documenting the cage area and behavioural ethogram. The observed behaviours were resting, eating, drinking, locomotion, aggression, urination, defecation, fighting, pacing, playing, foaming, cage exploration, and being out of view. Two different enrichments were installed for two pairs. The f...
Asad Ali1*, Khalid Javed1, Imran Zahoor1, Khalid Mahmood Anjum2, Numan Sharif1, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Aftab Hussain Aftab3
...w due to large values of environmental variances for all reproductive traits. Estimates of heritability were low for all traits (0.08±0.05, 0.01±0.02, 0.02±0.02, 0.01±0.01, 0.04±0.03, 0.07±0.05 for LSB, LWB, LMWB, LSW, LWW and LMWW, respectively). The heritability for LI was zero. Repeatability estimates were also low for all traits (0.09±0.05, 0.02±0.02, 0.06±0.03, 0.02±0.01, 0.04±0....

Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Bilques Bano3, Muhammad Muddassir Ali4, Nazia Rubab5, Syed Tasadak Mehdi6, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal7, Kumay Hassan Akhtar8, Aqeel Raza9, Ujala Fatima Shan10, Muhammad Aftab11

...he livestock, humans and environment. Antibiotic Resistance occurs due to the use of excessive amount of antibiotics for the growth and development of livestock. 90 samples of each weigh about 50 grams have been collected from Lahore and brought to University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore in a Laboratory and applied HPLC technique on samples and found residues of Penicillin and oxytetracycline in different percentages (11% and 9%, respectively) and...

Huma Naz1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Tanveer Ahmed3*, Khalid Abbas2, Syed Qaswar Ali Shah1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Fareeha Latif4, Adnan Ahmad Qazi1, Muhammad Adeel Hassan5

...study can be utilized in environmental risk evaluation and in bio-monitoring approaches. 
 
Novelty Statement | This research sheds light on the genotoxicity and environmental risks associated with endosulfan and chlorpyrifos pesticides in freshwater ecosystems and offers new insights into the potential synergistic effects of these pesticides on aquatic organisms.
...

Saira Jabeen1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum3

...coli is recognized as an environmental mastitis pathogen and a significant contributor to clinical mastitis cases in dairy cows. Due to environmental nature of this pathogen, conventional mastitis control measures often prove ineffective. Hence, the endeavor to combat E. coli mastitis through vaccination appears feasible and economically prudent. This study was aimed at preparation and evaluation of mastitis vaccines prepare...

M.J.Al-Saadi*, Jassim E.Q.Al-Musawi 

...d the greatest important environmental challenge due to the gradual and fast increase in mean global temperature. The current study was designed to estimate the therapeutic role of dried mint leaves powder in the diet of broiler chicken exposed to thermal stress on production and histological parameters. Broiler chickens (n= 160, Ross 308) were divided randomly into four groups first one was the negative control group which kept without exposure to heat stres...

Moazama Batool1*, Syeda Ansa Fatima1, Saima Naz2*, Qurat Ul Ain1, Sheeza Bano1, Ghulam Abbas3 and Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha4

...in response to change in environmental conditions. The current study evaluated the effects of bifenthrin on Ctenopharyngodon idella’s behavioral and hematology alterations. The acute toxicity 96-hr LC50 of bifenthrin for grass carp was determined as 6.5µg/L. Fish were divided into four groups i.e., one control and three experimental groups having eight fish in each group. Control group was not exposed to bifenthrin. Experimental fish were exposed t...

Md. Khayrul Basher1, Sumon Sarkar2,3, Md. Samiul Haque1, Sourav Sarker4, Md. Rashedul Islam1*

...align: justify;">A major environmental health concern across the world is chronic arsenic exposure from contaminated water, which is linked to hematological, biochemical, and many other significant systemic illnesses. The current study on adult female mice assessed the protective effects of Na-selenite against arsenic-mediated hematological, biochemical, and organ development toxicities. In this study, adult female mice (Swiss Albino) were categorized into fou...
Iqra Munir1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Asad Aslam2, Muhammad Khuram Shahzad1 and
Muhammad Jafir3
... provided most favorable environment for
soil arthropods and in turn enhanced the arthropods diversity. The maximum temperature
was positively correlated with the diversity of soil arthropods. Further studies are suggested
to confirm our findings.
...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan 1, Sadia Afzal2, Muhammad Azim
Khan3, Tasawer Abbas4, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1,
Naila Farooq5 Amir Aziz5
...control method may cause environmental hazards and residual
effects in crops and soil. Alternate approach to control weeds is getting attentions in
sustainable production system. Use of aqueous extracts of crops is getting scientific
attention as eco-friendly alternative to synthetic herbicides especially under scenario of fast
increasing herbicide resistance in weeds. To investigate the herbicidal potential of a...
Luqman1, Zahid Hussain1, Mohammad Ilyas2, Azmat Ali Awan3, Javed Rahman 2,
Mazhar Ali2 and Tamana Bakht4
...st of production and the environmental safety, the hand weeding and
herbicide use cannot be preferred alone for use as weed management tools. Therefore, the
herbicide use and hand weeding should be used only on casual basis or in emergency; and
the mulching methods should be adopted in the long run as mulching method is not only
good for weed control but also for maintaining the soil fertility, moisture conservat...

Salman Ali1*, Muhammad Arif1, Mehran Ali1, Muhammad Afzaal2, Gohar Saeed32, Muhammad Bilal4, Fazal Munsif1 and Sajjad Zaheer1

...d several ecological and environmental problems which cannot be overlooked. Therefore, other weed control practices and techniques should be adopted to minimize weed-crop competition and increase the growth and productivity of crop, instead of chemicals. An experiment was established at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar to evaluate the effects of biochar and organic-inorganic P sources on density, fresh and dry weight of weeds in m...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1 , Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Ahsan Aziz1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Kashif Sohail4, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1, Amir Aziz4
...xpensive and
environment friendly. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous
extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. on the red rice (Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steud.)
emergence and initial seedling growth. Treatments included in the study were aqueous
extract of leaves, stem and fruit of Sonchus oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50,
1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with distille...

Iqtidar Hussain1, Ejaz Ahmed Khan1, Jawad Nazir and Ehtesham-ul-Haq1

...es some chemicals in the environment that affect the rate of germination, seedling emergence, physiology and overall growth of neighbouring plants is called allelopathy. The significance of study was checked allelopathic phytochemical potential of white cedar vern. Bakain (Melia azedarachL.) leaves on wheat.Leaveslitter was used to examine the allelopathic effects of M.azedarach at five concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 g, control). The studied parameters wer...

Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Saima Anwar2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Iram Batool3, Athar Mahmood3, Abdul Rehman1, Aafaq Ali5, Aneela Nijabat5

...ed control method caused environmental hazards and residual effects in crops and soil. Alternate approach to control weeds is getting attentions in sustainable production system. Use of aqueous extracts of weed is getting scientific attention as eco-friendly alternative to chemical herbicides especially under scenario of fast increasing herbicide resistance in weeds. To investigate the herbicidal potential of aqueous extract of winter weed of Sonchus oleraceus...

Muhammad Nasir Mazhar1, Muhammad Arif*, Naeem Akhtar1 and Muhammad Shafiq1 and Muhammad Yousaf1

...rbicides has resulted in environmental and health problems for human beings as well as for animals. Moreover, its frequent application also developed resistance in some weed species against the herbicides. Therefore, a field experiment was planned to assess the effect of multi-approached weed suppression in wheat at Reclamation Research Station, 7/3-L Ahmad Pur Sial District Jhang during winter 2019-20. Experimental treatment was comprised of two wheat cultiva...

Md. Shahidul Islam*, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Md. Sodrul Islam, Kazi Khalid Ibne Khalil and Apurbo Kumar Mondal

... were reared in the same environmental conditions. As a part of growth performances evaluation, daily body weight gain and weight improvement, weekly average feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, final average body weight and carcass weight were recorded during the experimental period. As a part of hematological analysis at 5 weeks of age, blood parameters including total erythrocyte count (TEC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedim...

Amir Afzal1*, Sairah Syed1, Hafiz Husnain Nawaz2, Ruqeah Mustafa1, Marjan Aziz1, Madeeha Khan1, Azra Khan3, Uzma Javed1, Attiq Ur Rehman4, Rubab Altaf 5 and Qamar Shakil6

...d adaptation to changing environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, which can influence the timing and severity of stripe rust epidemics. The evolution and diversity of Pst pose significant challenges for the management and control of stripe rust in wheat crops. Effective strategies for disease control require a better understanding of the genetic and geographic diversity of Pst populations and the factors driving their evolution. Effective mon...
Manzoor Ahmad,Bashir Ahmad,SIRAJ UD DIN,Muhammad Ramzan,Salim Shah,SAJJAD ALI,WAJID KHAN,Subhan ud Din
Ijaz Ahmad,FAZAL MUNSIF,Rizwan Ullah Shah,Wiqar Ahmad,Wasiullah Malik,Mushtaq Ahmad Jadoon,IMRAN KHAN,Sadiq Hussain
Ashraf Khan1, Muhammad Waseem Khan2,3, Imrana Niaz Sultan2, Abdul Manan Kakar4, Saad Ullah5 and Afrasiab Khan Tareen2*
...as greatly influenced by environmental factors, fodder contents used for animal’s nutrition and water used for animal’s water intake use.

...

Ali Nawaz, Qazi Bilal, Anwar Ali*, Nowsherwan Zarif, Faizan Ahmad, Asim Karim and Atif Majeed

...the social, economic and environmental significance of Eastern Cottonwood based agroforestry system. The current economic review of Populus deltoides shows that average net return and average net present value are 11121USD ha-1, INR. 793,579 ha-1 with benefit cost ratio of 2.45. The land expectation value and internal rate of return were found 9570USD ha-1 and 11121USD ha-1, with an internal rate of return 52 % ha-1. The review concluded that the potential of ...

 

Chika Bright Ikele1*, Ugwu Venita Uju1, Chioma Faith Ikele2

...rapeutics, and currently environmental friendly botanicals utilized against infective stage theronts. Two solvents, ethanol and chloroform solvents were used to extract five botanicals i.e., bitter kola (Garcinia kola), cashew leaf (Anacardium occidentale), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) and ocimum leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) to investigate their efficacy against theronts for 24 hours. A 100 µl (480 theronts) were dist...

Chengrui Yan1, Jing Miao1, Jiantong Feng1, Liping Xia1, Yingying Ye1,2*, Jiji Li1 and Baoying Guo1,2

...s (CCA) analysis between environmental factors (SKT, TOP, SLP, and SUND) and haplotypes indicated that SLP and SUND carried highest influence on the haplotype distribution. SKT and total precipitation TOP were highly correlated with haplotype formation. Combine life story of T. clavigera revealed that environmental factors contribute to the nuances of population genetic in different regions. Understanding the genetic variati...

Safdar Abbas1, Jawaria Ali Khan1*, Syed Saleem Ahmed1 and Aftab Ahmed Anjum2

...eworming history, living environment, seasonal variation, and cohabitation with other animals were all assumed risk factors for BCoV infection (p<0.05). There was a significant (p<0.001) decrease in MCV (fl) and a significant (p<0.006) increase in TLC (1x103/cm3) on haematological analysis in BCoV-infected calves. TEC (1x106/cm3), WBC (1x106/cm3), RBC (1x106/cm3), and Hct% were significantly (p<0.05) higher. Similarly, infected calves had a non-sig...

Asad Sultan1, Ziaul Islam2*, Faiza Shahzadi3, Sarzamin Khan1, Rafiullah Khan1 and Ihsan Ali4

...n losses, feed cost, and environmental pollution.

...

Arshama Sheraz1, Shabir Ahmed1*, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Wali Khan2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Fiza Sadiq Awan1

...n in various terrestrial environments and water bodies of the Abbottabad district.
...
Ehtisham1, Rizwan ur Rehman1, Raja Wajahat1, Tabarak Ashraf1, Shabir Ahmad Jan1, Arz Muhammad1 and Ahmad Zamir2*
...to survive under diverse environmental conditions make their survival in numerous habitats. Association between primates and the tourism are commonly studied, but the differences occur among the goal of ecotourism and their damaging effects that has become a reason of concern these days. Present study was designed to assess effect of tourism on the distribution of rhesus monkey in Galiyat region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. To achieve these stud...
Salman Ahmad1, Anwar Ali1, Basheer Ahmad1, Nowsherwan Zarif1* and Saif Ullah Khan1
...conomic outputs, and the environment. Effective use of the right communication tools, together with the right message, messenger, and target audience, are additional requirements for successful promotion. To improve agroforestry in Pakistan, corrective steps to simplify the current systems and develop long-term sustainable methods and methodologies are recommended. This study was conducted in District Malakand to learn the effects of agroforestry practices on ...
Muhammad Umair1, Nowsherwan Zarif1*, Zahid Rauf1, Anwar Ali1, Ghayyas Ahmed1, Basheer Ahmed1, Salman Ahmad1 and Saifullah1
...demonstrates how several environment pairs can be used simultaneously by combining native and introduced species. In this study, we evaluate the potential of agroforestry in the district of Bhakkar to maximize a variety of socioeconomic benefits. According to the findings of the study farmers were generally supportive of intercropping and border cropping. Most farmers regarded agroforestry systems as most beneficial due to their ability to protect surrounding...
Syed Farooq Shah1, Nowsherwan Zarif1*, Zahid Rauf1, Anwar Ali1, Ghayyas Ahmed1, Basheer Ahmed1, Salman Ahmad1 and Saifullah1
...the economy, improve the environment, and retain societal acceptance. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop agroforestry across the province. This will increase agricultural revenue, reduce land degradation, raise agro-biodiversity, and increase carbon stocks in farming systems. The Peshawar area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan underwent a survey of farm households to study the factors that affect the potential of agroforestry and the challenges that farm...
Afra Siab1, Saif Ullah Khan1, Anwar Ali1, Nowsherwan Zarif1, Basheer Ahmad1, Salman Ahmad1
...control soil erosion and environmental improvement. The study reveals that, average income from selling the farm trees upon maturity by the framers is Rs 236954 / annum. The study suggests that technical guidance is more important because farmers have no idea which species to plant and how to plant, that can lead to more production. The study also recommends to solve the sale problems, that is wood based industries be established in the rural area to make the ...
Khush Bakht Arooj1, Muhammad Salman2 and Naveed Ahmed3
...rsity and to protect the environment. The current status of apiculture in district Bannu is evaluated in the study as it is also a famous area for honey production in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In this study the primary data was collected through well-designed questionnaire and the study was carried out in different villages of Tehsil and District Bannu. A general survey was also conducted to know about the bee flora for pollen and nectar sources plants in district B...
ASM Helal Siddiqui, Md. Najmus Sayadat Pitol, Md. Akramul Islam and Sk. Mehedi Hasan
...der, caused by different environmental, physicochemical and pathological factors. A study was initiated to increased yield by capturing higher genetic gain and availability of pests and diseases free sundri for sustainable production. All seeds were collected from selected 30 healthy sundri trees and seedlings were planted in three salinity zones of Sundarbans from 2010-2017. Plantations at fresh water zone always showed the high growth in height (m) and high ...
Farah Samuel and Syed Kamran Hussain
... awareness campaigns and environmental education are principally required to promote useful knowledge in the conservation of River Kabul ecosystem. Key words: River Kabul; Hunting; Poaching; Fish species; Migratory Birds; Freshwater turtles...
Mamoona Wali Muhammad1, Hakim Shah1, Nowshad Khan2 and Mohd Zaki Hamzah3
Madiha Batool, Tariq Khan, Mazhar Iqbal and Anwar Ali
...on is one of the serious environmental concerns in Pakistan. The already meager forest resource is under severe anthropogenic pressure and is vanishing rapidly. Lack of alternative to fuel wood is one of the major underlying causes of the forest depletion. Many efforts have been made to reduce the pressure on natural forests by introducing new technologies such as Solar Water Heaters. Solar Water Heaters have been introduced in Galiat valley to reduce pressure...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Muhammad Yousaf Khan Syed Zakir Hussain Shah and Khalid Jan
...load shedding apart from environmental hazards. Combustion of hydrocarbons in thermal power plants is reducing the oxygen four times the weight of hydrocarbon used in the power plants and is therefore detrimental to the very existence of life on this planet.

The arrangements proposed in this study will not only regulate the flow of water for agriculture but power generation on cheaper rates will be ensured. The additional water storage of 40 million ...

Muhammad Yousaf Khan, Ayaz Khan and Syed Zakir Hussain Shah
Tanveer Haider, Aurangzeb Ashraf, Ambar Masud
... overgrazing by animals, environmental pollution, like water contamination and forest fires. A thing of concern was the identification of a fast depletion of indicator species Dodonea viscosa. Forest fires occurred 1-2 times annually. All these factors show that vegetation is declining in the compartment....
Tariq Mahmood and Zulfiqar Ali
...he mountainous watershed environment and is affected by the way they are naturally framed. Thus the management decisions for these areas are influenced by a host of physical factors such as soil, climate, technology as well as the socio-economic aspirations of the community. Farmers are also influenced by their economic, political and social conditions which needed proper attention for sustainable development of the natural resources in any watershed area. Sus...
Rahim Muhammad Akmal Syed1, Hasnain Shahida2, Mamoona Wali Muhammad3 and Jabeen Farkhanda4
...d and arrest the ongoing environmental and ecological degradation process. Based on physiographic, climate and ecology, Pakistan is divided into nine major ecological or vegetative zones, which are further sub-divided into 18 habitat types, an arrangement for the development of Protected Areas System in terms of representative ecotypes. During the survey of farm plantations, about 400 soil samples were collected and their physical and chemical analysis was con...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...iple uses, biodiversity, environment, livelihoods, sustainable forest management.

...
Mamoona Wali Muhammad and Iftekhar Ahmed
...rosion of coastal banks, environment apiculture and eco-tourism respectively.

100% of the respondents were in favor of social forestry schemes in the area and 92% of them were willing to plant coconut or date palm at their village, otak or house. Only 4% of the respondents reported that mangrove deterioration is severe due to livestock pressure and decreased fresh water flow downstream in Indus Delta; which resulted in high salinity and stunted grow...

Maqsood Anwar1, Abdul Wahid Jasra2 and I. Ahmad3
...to protect country's environment and prepared the National Conservation Strategy (NCS) in 1992. Pakistan also became a party to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994. Under the obligation of CBD, a Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) has been approved by the Government of Pakistan in 2000. Protected Areas System has also been established for in-situ conservation of biodiversity throughout the country. Pakistan Environmen...
Muhammad Aftab Majeed
...t when released into the environment cause significant soil and ground water pollution In situ enhanced bioremediation techniques are effective in remediation of MGPs particularly for contaminants such as the dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL), like coal tar The aim of this study was to assess the potential of in situ technologies in a laboratory column experiment. In situ amendments of nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen releasing compound were performed on ...
Mohammad Iqbal Swati
...iversity and increase in environmental pollution. Reduced supply of irrigation water coupled with inadequate ground water recharge in dry and semi-arid regions is threatening agriculture productions and food security of Pakistan.

...
Kanwar Muhammad Suleman, Muhammad Tahir Laeeq, Nasreen Fatima Rao and Altaf Hussain
... import substitution and environmental protection will also accrue from afforestation of saline and waterlogged areas with eucalyptus....
G.A. Bajwa and H. Gul
... of nursery plants being environmentally safe for this purpose seed of A. indica, bark of C. fistula and leaves & tender shoots of C. procera were used The reduction in larval body weight in treated larvae was 74 19% to 78.92% over control in case of C. procera and the mixture after 12 and 6 days of treatment, respectively Mean larval period was extended upto 22 days in the mixture treatment while it was 11.5 days in control However...
Ghayyas Ahmad
...d to collect locational, environmental, and biological data. Field data collection was done through Line transect sampling design. Image classification was performed by using the Supervised and Knowledge-based classification methods. Patch size of the remaining semi-natural forests was selected as the most important criterion for the identification of priority areas. However, patch shape index was also measured.

NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation ind...

Ahmed Zamir, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Waseem Ullah and Rizwan Ullah
... shade, income and other environmental benefits respectively. It was observed that educated farmers favored tree farming as compared to the less educated one. Further farmers listed many problems when questioned about the constraints in planting trees on farmlands. Lack of availability of growing stock, lack of land for planting trees and problems regarding marketing was raised by 30%, 10% and 25% of the farmers. Results clearly depict that farm forestry in di...
M. Ayaz and M. Nauman Arshad
...ise in addition to other environmental benefits....
Fauzia Balqis Malik and Bashir Hussain Shah
... poor climate, degrading environment, vanishing wildlife and biodiversity and devastation by floods) ones. A population of over 126 million growing at an alarming rate of 3.1% does not permit to divert area from food crops to arboriculture and necessitates agroferestry (optional growing of trees and crops on the same land unit in temporal or/ and spatial arrangement) as a feasible option. This study is continuation of work on allelopathic effect of Eucalypt...
A. U. Khan, S. Siddique and F. Naz
...lance in the plant micro-environment created on the road determine to what extent pollution can be absorved or emitted by these trees....
Bashir Ahmad
...) is under forests. Both environmental and economic considerations suggest that a desirable range of 20 to 25 percent of a countrys land area has to be under forest (Government of Pakistan, 1988).

Over the years the farming community of the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir has realized the significance and economic benefits of investment in commercial forestry. Many farmers now grow forest tree with a commercial orientation. At the same time, however, f...

Udo Schickhoff Dr.
...esent study examines the environmental changes in the Kaghan valley from a historical point of view. Man-induced alterations of the forests vegetation are reflected by the prevalence of nitrophilous weeds, light-loving elements as well as unplalatable and browsing resistant species. A detailed vegetation mapping has revealed that the potential forest areas have decreased by c. 50%. The historical transformation processes from forests into farm and rang...
Adnan Zahoor
...rastically modified the environment. They cleared the large areas of forest, grass land and created new landscapes. Humans started replacing the vegetated landscape with constructed citiescapes. Several physical features of the landscape combine to produce local climate variations. Chief among these are the influence of topography, proximity to the ocean, and urbanization. ...
Mohammad Saleem and C. A. Call
...aluchistan. A controlled environment study was conducted to determine differences in leave and tiller development and root development between seedlings of Chrysopogon aucheri (Boiss.) staph, and Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Jones) Schult, at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after emergence. Chrysopogon aucheri seedlings generally had greater, but not significantly greater, tiller and leaf development and shoot biomass than Cymbopogo...
K. M. Siddiqui and B. H. Shah
...es adapted to the desert environmental conditions in Thal were identified. These were Acacia albida, Acacia tortilis, Acacia elata, Tecoma undulate, Acacia victoriae, Tamarix aphylla, Acacia modesta, and Prosopis cineraria. For semi-arid area of Kharian, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia saligna, Acacia elata, Acacia albida and Leucaena leucocephala were found to be quite successful....
Mohammad Saleem and C. A. Call
... tolerance. A controlled environment study was designed to investigate the effects of different temperature regimes on germination responses of these two dominant range grasses. Cumulative germination and rate of germination (mean germination time) were evaluated at six alternating temperature regimes (5/10. 5/15. 5/20, 10/20. 10/25 and 10/30°C. 12 h night/12 h day) representing possible temperatures in western Baluchistan during the recruitment p...
K. M. Siddiqui
... in having a document on environment conservation and sustainable development since World Conservation Strategy was published in 1980. The document identifies by sectors such as agriculture, energy, forests, water, biodiversity, soil, population, industry and human settlements in which interventions are possible for sustainable development. The main objectives of the PNCS are to conserve natural resources, faster sustainable development and improve...
Mohammad Noor, Mohammad Khan and Gul Nabi
...nipulations In semi-arid environment are essential for rapid improvement of overgrazed rangelands and secondary succession....
K. M. Siddiqui
...bute to ecological and environmental stability and sustainable development, the efforts for forestry development and extension have been meagre, widely dispersed and erratic over past many decades. The current worldwide international forest conservation assistance amounts to only US $ 1.35 billion. The allocation of financial resources to forestry sector by individual governments and international agencies is also low. The Food and Agricultural...
K. M. Siddiqui
...indirect changes in the environment, including in forest ecosystems, the extent of which depends upon rapidity, direction and magnitude of climate change. Minor changes in climate often occur and are of diurnal, seasonal of decadal and/or of regional nature, such as hot summer droughts of the 1980s in parts of Asia and Africa. Their affect was similar in nature. Climate has also changed in the distant past. Since the depth of the little Ice age i...
K. M. Siddiqui
...conomic fuels to improve environment....
Qaisar Ali, Mohammad Yousaf Wazir and Mirza Hakim Khan
...agmities community. Some environmental, particularly the edaphic factors were also studied. Investigations indicated that some tree species like Phoenix dactylifera and fodder plants like Diplachne fusca and Juncus maritimus can be tried successfully in the area for land reclamation and range management....
Parvez Khawaja, I.A. Hafiz and M. I. Chaudhry
...rol method safer to the environment a pathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Was tried against the larval stages of the pest. The fungus displayed its pathogenecity by killing 72.5-97.5% larvae in various treatments as against 50% natural mortality in check treatment. The method can safely be used against the pest on larges scale....
M. Ihsanur Rahman Khan
...rsh climatic and edaphic environmental conditions prevalent in this area and after tackling various problems suitably, a substantial amount of progress has been achieved in the agricultural development field in last about five years....
Bashir Hussain Shah, Hanif Gul and M. I. Chaudhry
...al control agents or the environment....
Mussarrat N. Ali, Anwar Ahmad Khan and Shakeel Haider Zaidi
...al control agents or the environment. ...
Ali Asghar Khan
... unwarranted changes in environment and need for studying the factors involve don pilot basis. ...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...ponded well to its new environment with luxuriant growth producing abundant seed and good natural regeneration at favourable site (deep sandy loam, 1000 mm rain or irrigation)....
Raja Walayat Hussain
...between plants and their environment and for the simulation of biological and economic situations. In forest management it finds its use in financial control of forest operations, for estimating and controlling forest production, for allocation of resources and for planning and control of new planting programs. In information management it finds its application in maintaining upto- date records of long range experiments and files of employees. Different decis...
Abdul Aleem
...ship between man and the environment.
Because of its abiding concern for the conservation of renewable resources, the Pakistan Forest Institute hosted a seminar from August 13-15, 1977 on the Role of Social Sciences in the MAB Programme. UNESCO, Pakistan Science Foundation and University Grants Commission also co-operated.
The seminar was inaugurated on August 13 by Mr. Justice Abdul Hakim Khan, Acting Governor, NWFP. In his address of ...
Islam Mahmud Khan, Shaukat Islam and Qaisar Ali
...s growing in the similar environmental conditions. The point of attachment and the T.S. of the gynophores and ovary are given. The probable mode of inheritance is also discussed. ...
M. A. Quraishi and Abdul Khalique
... introduced in different environments in Pakistan. All the 57 species examined were found capable of farming ectorophic mycorrhizae. General structure of mycorrhizae encountered is the same as described for euclypts growing in Australia. Based on their characteristics, three types of mycorrhizae were identified, viz., white nodular, white pyramidal and brown pyramidal. Of these, the last named was the most prevalent and was described....
K.M. Siddiqui and M. Saleem Khattak
K.M. Siddiqui
...the influence of nursery environment variation on the selection outcome. ...
Raja Walayat Hussain and lshtiaq Ahmad Qazi
...omplex interaction of environmental factors finds its expression in the volume increment of the stands supported by the area. An easier and quicker index for expressing the site quality is the raltive height growth as a function of age. This is closely related with the ultimate measure of site quality i. e. volume and is only slightly affected by the stand density (5,10). In over stocked and stagnated young stands height may not ...
Mohammad Shahid
...oduced in the absence of environmental checks. But this happended only occasionally. Often the environmental complex of conditions i.e. biological and physical factors remained more or less unfavourable and caused the environmental resistance which suppressed the biotic potential of the species from being realised. The species existed but usually maintained a low level of population or eq...

Syed Shahid Imran Bukhari

... been found. Every micro environment’s lowest and highest air exchange rate per hour (ACH) was evaluated, and its effects on asthma were noted. Elevated symptoms of asthma have been linked to low ventilation rates. The findings indicated that the ambient air’s CO2 concentration above regulatory limits set by NEQS (National Environmental Quality Standards) and USEPA (United States Environm...
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2, Azhar
Hassan1, Jamshaid Qamar2, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Adnan2, Rafia Khalid3, Muhammad
Usman2
...als into its surrounding environment that act as bioherbicide
at high concentration and plant growth promoter at low concentration. Therefore, this study
was planned at the Weed Science laboratory, Department of Agronomy, University of
Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, during winter 2018 to evaluate the hermetic effects of
Althaea officinalis L. (Khatami) on Radish (Raphanus sativus). ...
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2,
Muhammad Mughees Ud Din4, Jamshaid Qamar2, Muhammad Waqas1, Muhammad Mohsin
Amin2, Burhan Khalid1
...emicals into surrounding environment that act as bioherbicide at
high concentration and plant growth hormone at low concentration. Therefore, this study
was planned at the Department of Agronomy in Weed Science Laboratory, University of
Agriculture Faisalabad during Winter 2018 to evaluate the allelopathic effects of A. officinalis
on weed Wild Pea (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius). The experiments were laid out und...
Abdul Basit1, Ayesha Zahid1, Syed Tanveer Shah1, Inayat Ullah2, Sana Ullah3*, Muhammad
Kashif Nawaz4, Muhammad Areeb Khalid1, Izhar Ullah5, Fawad Ali1, Shaukat Ali1
...
avoided to prevent environmental and human health hazards.
...

Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan2*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin2, Jamshahid Qamar2, Azhar Hassan1, Muhammd Alam Elahi1, Jamshed Haider1, Muhammad Irfan4 and Memuna Ghafoor Shahid5

...emicals into surrounding environment that help in obtaining maximum yield of crop by acting as bioherbicide at high concentration and plant growth hormone at low concentration. Therefore, this study was planned at the Department of Agronomy in Weed Science Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad during Winter season of 2018 to evaluate the hermetic effects of Cinnamomum verum (Dalchini) on vegetable crop radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and determination ...

Hafiz Ishtiaq Ahmad1, Jinlong Zhang1, Fuxun Luo1, Owais Iqbal2 and Yuying Wang1*

...ion it’s a pivotal environmental factor shaping plant physiology and morphology. To gain a comprehensive understanding, an experiment was designed to investigate the impact of various light-emitting diode (LED) spectrums including red, blue, yellow, green, and their composite lights on the plant growth parameters, physiological characteristics, and antioxidant activity of Dendrobium officinale tissue culture seedlings. The fluorescent white light served ...
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Mohammad Nafees2, Tooba Saeed3, Sarzamin Khan1, Hazrat Hussain4, Adila Bashir2 and Nida Naz1
...gnificant effects on the environment and human health. This study reviews the contribution of stone crushers in the construction sector and the degradation of environmental quality with special reference to Pakistan. For this purpose, literature from various journals was studied to collect the data. The results of the study revealed the increasing population in Pakistan, with an annual demand of 2.4% for accommodation and ho...

Riam Yousfe Muttair 

...uction of the tumor microenvironment in the fight against cancer. 

...

Zhenyu Chang1,3, Qingqing Xiao1,2, Yourong Ye1,2, Mujahid Iqbal4, Mengqi Duan1,2, Yangzom Chamba1,2* and Peng Shang1,2*

... regulate the intestinal environment and maintain the balance of intestinal flora. However, there are few studies on Tibetan pig lactic acid bacteria. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria from Tibetan pig feces, and to provide experimental materials for the development and utilization of Tibetan pig probiotics. Seventeen strains of Lactobacillus isolated from Tibetan pig manure were identified by physiology, biochemistry, ...

Rawa Abdulkareem Abd

...ased species refinement, environmental changes influence microbial response prediction, and microbial omics data integration into the models. To sum up, this research has illustrated the need to discover new bacteria in the lift of study of biogeochemical cycles and its implication for ecosystems’ dynamics, the environment, and biotechnologies. As a result of unveiling the secrets of the microbial dark matter, we shall...

Walid Elmonir1*, Dalia Abdeltawab1, Hanem El-Sharkawy2 and Rasha N. Zahran3

...00 egg contents, and 210 environmental samples) were collected from 10 commercial layers farms and 170 samples (50 egg shells, 50 egg contents, and 70 environmental samples) were collected from 10 backyard layers flocks. The overall prevalence of Salmonella was 4.1% for each production system. Six commercial flocks (60%) and three backyard layers flocks (30%) harbored at least one Salmonella isolate. The prevalence rates of ...
R. Javed1,2, T. Usman1, S. Niaz2, N. Ali2,3, H. Baneh4, K. Ullah5, I. Khattak1, M. Kamal1,2
S. Bahadar6, N.U. Khan1, S. Khan1,7, Y. Wang3*, Y. Yu3* and Mostafa K. Nassar8
...ity, and heterosis), and environmental factors. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of udder health, genetic factors and environmental factors on milk performance traits in cattle breeds. The study was conducted on four dairy farms in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 291 milk samples and 547 records were collected from lactating cattle ranging between parities one to six. For milk performance traits...

Camilo Romero Núñez1, Laura Miranda Contreras1, Rafael Heredia Cárdenas1, Ariadna Flores Ortega2*, Linda Guiliana Bautista Gómez3 

...ffective therapeutic and environmental management strategies, along with hygiene procedures, for the proper control of this parasite. 

...

Toyin B. Ajibade1*, Mukhtar A. Yusuf1, Sijuwade A. Adebayo2, Uswat T. Adeyemi1 and Olubunmi A. Omotesho1

... towards cleaner aquatic environment through the improvement of waste disposal system in Nigeria alongside concerted ocean clean-up exercises. Policies towards ban of single-use plastics, accountability of manufacturers using plastic packaging, job creation in wastes aggregation, and deepening the attractiveness of the upcycling node in the waste value chain were also recommended. Given the potential of climate variables to lower artisanal fish capture, it bec...

Tanvir Hussain*, Zahid Rauf, Mansoor Ali Khan and Khalid Hussain 

...revious circumstances of environment . The objective of current study was to evaluate its dendroclimatic potential under Shangla’s wet temperate climate in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . In order to conduct study, wood samples in the form of cores were taken from the district of Swat’s Shahpur and Liliani Forest areas. Using standard laboratory techniques, the collected cores were processed and measured for tree ring width. Cofecha and R packages, two comput...

Aura Oktiefa Adyantono, Sugiharto Sugiharto, Daud Samsudewa*

...tropical areas with high environmental temperature. Further meta-analysis that categorized the reproductive quality of crossbred cattle based on the location altitude, feeding management, age and/or parity, needs to be conducted to determine the most optimal rearing conditions.
 
Keywords | Crossbred cattle, Meta-analysis, Reproductive parameters
...

Muhammad Usman1, Hussain Abbas1, Riffat Maqsood1, Muhammad Awais Nadeem1, Abdul Hanan Shazal1, Ali Usman1, Amna Hameed2, Haram Shahid3, Zulqarnain Haider3, Muhammad Zain1, Muhammad Suleman1 and Muhammad Wasif Gulzar1*

...humans, animals, and the environment to collaborate. More and more people are realising that effective EID management and mitigation require a One Health strategy that emphasises inter-disciplinary collaboration. However, this kind of One Health strategy must address certain ethical, legal, and socially and politically problems. EID events are made up of complex and conditioned sets of relationships that pertain to socioeconomic and social and political life. ...

Muhammad Wasif Gulzar*1, Riffat Maqsood1, Hussain Abbas1, Musharraf Manzoor1, Muhammad Suleman1, Hassaan Ahmad Bajwa2, Ali Hamza2, Shaher Yar1, Muhammad Zain1, Abdul Wadood1 and Noman Aslam3

...eriously contaminate our environment. These hazardous materials can be found in plants, soil, water, air, food, and feed. Through the food chain, their residues build in humans and animals after entering plants and animal products.They destroy useful species in the ecosystem and put our lives and health in peril. This review highlights the current standing of the impact of insecticides on viral diseases in man and animals. We observed that in addition to their...

Muhammad Muneeb1, Ali Hussain2*, Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad3, Arshad Javid1 and Jibran Hussain3

...ntreated wastes into the environment due to rapid industrialization and causing severe problems to aquatic life. Different physicochemical methods have been used to reduce these pollutants but all have their own limitations including production of secondary pollutants. The current study was designed to show the effect of cellulolytic and sulphate-reducing bacterial species in the form of a co-culture to treat an in-vitro prepared sulphate-rich wastewater while...

Kashif Haleem, Basheer Ahmad, Muhammad Rayyan, Nowsherwan Zarif, Saif Ullah Khan, Salman Ahmad and Anwar Ali*

... tree species, including environmental benefits, fruits, and fodder, and provide tree saplings. Additionally, new plantations should be established to combat climate change.

...

Ameer Sultan1, Abdur Rauf1*, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Muhammad Yasin3, Tanweer Kumar4, Wajid Khan4, Muhammad Arif4, Kashmala Jabbar5, Wisal Khan6, Farhan Ullah1, Syed Shabab Hussain1 and Ikramullah Khan1

... of the paramount global environmental challenges. Various industries generate diverse wastewater pollutants, often presenting complex and expensive treatment challenges. The attributes of wastewater and concentrations of contaminants vary significantly from one industry to another. Recently, there has been a growing interest in utilizing industrial waste as a soil amendment. The distillery spent wash (DSW) released through the sugarcane processing, is abundan...

Ihteram Ullah1*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil2, Said Salman1, Nasir Mehmood3, Abdul Majid4, Syed Noor Muhammad Shah5 and Zahoor Ahmed6

...ences (P ≤ 0.01) amid environments. There was also substantial genetic variation among the wheat lines for all traits with significant genotype × environment interactions, particularly for spike production and grain yield. Compared to irrigated conditions, rainfed conditions caused significant reductions in studied traits in all genotypes. This included a decrease of 117 spikes m-2, 7.0 grains spike-1, and a grain y...

Nask Jawher Ahmed and Kawa A. Ali*

... justify;">Drought is an environmental constraint on plant optimum growth and development, which adversely affects yield of all crop. Salicylic acid (SA) induces the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. A field experiment was designed in Randomized Complete Block having three replications to determine the effect of foliar application of (SA) on sesame plant vegetative parts under drought with focusing observation on morphological and physiological traits ...

Atyab Amjad1*, Riaz-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Shafique Khalid2, Samia Ikram1, Riaz Bukhari1, Muhammad Shafique3 and Muhammad Luqman4

...ltivated in a greenhouse environment. Notably, the number of flower buds per plant did not exhibit significant variation across growing conditions, although Crystal Blanco again displayed a trend of superior performance. The largest bud diameter (20.2 mm) was recorded for Crystal Blanco grown under green netting. Crystal Blanco cultivated in a shade lath house demonstrated the longest vase life (8 days). In conclusion, this investigation suggests that the Crys...
Shorouq Mohamed Omara1, Ibrahim Saad El-Shamaa1, Emad Abd-Elaziz Abd-Allah2, Assmaa Abd-Allah Fathy3, Essam-Eldin Tharwat4, Mohammed Hamdy Farouk5* and Ibrahim Mahmoud Abd El-Razek1*
...t it is also affected by environmental factors. The possible action of L-carnitine (LC) on the maturation of Egyptian buffalo oocytes has not been determined yet. This study aims to estimate the effects of supplementing LC on the in-vitro fertilization (IVF) of Egyptian buffaloes. We evaluated blastocyst and apoptosis rates in order to substantiate the potential development of cumulus oocytes–complexes (COC) and determine the effect of LC in reducing the...
Shawky M Aboelhadid1*, Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki2, Khaled M Hassan3
Samar M Ibrahium4, Saleh Al-Quraishy5, Ahmed O Hassan6 and Asmaa A Kamel1
...rapid degradation in the environment. Following this approach, herein we tried to improve the insecticidal activities of Pelargonium graveolens (G) through using the geranium oil in nano-emulsion (GN) form and in combination with sesame seed oil (SO). Different concentrations ranged from 0.313 to 10% were prepared from GN and the combination of G with S and tested for their larvicidal and pupicidal activities against Musca domestica and Culex pipiens, while th...

Arba Aleem, Norrizah Jaafar Sidik*, Wan Razarinah Wan, Abdul Razak and Norfatimah Mohamed Yunus

...ferent stresses from the environment such as salinity, drought, and heat stress. In biotic conditions, plant roots secrete exudates which may attract or repel microbes. Certain microorganisms present in the soil may cause the activation of plant defense system. Root exudates secreted by plants roots can attract beneficial microbes that help plants by boosting nutrient intake and improving plant growth. Sustainable agriculture and ecosystem management potential...

Maqsood Jan1, Muhammad Zubair Anjum1*, Zahir Muhammad1, Misbah Farooq1, Muhammad Qayash Khan2 and Shamim Akhter1

...grass carp in controlled environment. A total of 120 grass carp (fingerlings) were selected and stocked in 12 glass aquaria (n=10 fish in each) in a triplicate manner with four different diet groups D1 (control), D2 (2g of L. rhamnosus/kg), D3 (4g of L. rhamnosus/kg), D4 (6g of L. rhamnosus/kg) as feed additive. Statistical analysis was done by using one-way analysis of variance and was applied the Duncan’s multiple range test for the identification of s...
A.M. Ahmed1*, R. Dutta1, H. Pokhrel1, D. Nath1, L. Mudoi1, R. Sarmah1, S.K. Bhagabati1 and I. Ahmed2
...g Analysis revealed that environmental parameters have varied connotations with the fish occurrence, indicating species-specific adaptive potential. The parameters like temperature, turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and velocity exhibited a positive correlation with fish abundance. Longest K-dominance curve formed at the station S-4 indicating the highest fish abundance. The findings will aid in the development of a reasonable exploitation and protection strate...

Masoumeh Hosseynikhah 

... nitrate in dealing with environmental stresses on the resistance of wheat in saline soil. In the in vitro condition, three varieties of wheat were grown on sterile filter paper moistened with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mmol/l NaCl solution. The results showed that the wheat cultivars had significant differences in terms of growth response to different concentrations of sodium chloride, and it was the most tolerant to sodium salt stress and was used in the second ...

Muhammad Iqbal1*, Saba Iqbal1, Asmat Ullah2, Arbab Jahangeer1, Naveed Akhtar3, Tahira Tabassum3, Ali Zohaib3, Naveed Ramzan3

...sustainability in saline environments. This two years field study (2019 and 2020) explored the influence of various mulching treatments on cotton productivity in saline conditions. Experimental treatments were control (conventional), plastic mulch (PM), wheat straw mulch (WSM), farm yard manure mulch (FYMM) and FYMM + WSM. Mulching significantly increased soil water contents (32%), hydraulic conductivity (5%) whereas reduced soil salt contents (67%) and bulk d...

Byamungu Mayange Tomple1*, Ik-Hwan Jo2, Rajaraman Bharanidharan1, Seun-Gun Won2 and Muhammad Mahboob Ali Hamid3*

... concurrently addressing environmental concerns associated with conventional farming practices.

...

Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza

...roduction from different environmental samples of soil, water and air obtained from selected areas of Lahore. A total 248 strains of microscopic fungi were cultured by using serial dilution method and plate assay method. Pure cultures of these strains were further inoculated on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) plates supplemented with indicator compounds guaiacol or tannic acid to check the laccase producing ability. Among 08 isolated strains belonging to Aspergillu...

Bilal Ahmed Qazi, Nowsherwan Zarif, Anwar Ali*, Faizan Ahmed, Asim Karim and Ali Nawaz 

...commended for the desert environmental conditions in Thal, such as Acacia albida, Acacia tortilis, Acacia elata, Tecoma undulata, Acacia victoriae, Tamarix aphylla, Acacia modesta, and Prosopis cineraria,. For semi-arid areas Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia saligna, Acacia elata, Acacia albida and Leucaena leucocephala were found to be quite successful. These techniques have shown positive outcomes regarding runoff induction, survival rates, and the growth of...

Ali Nawaz*, Qazi Bilal Ahmed, Anwar Ali, Nowsherwan Zarif, Faizan Ahmad and Asim Karim 

...ostering resilient urban environments. By recognizing these trends and their implications, stakeholders can implement effective strategies to address climate-related challenges and promote sustainable urban development practices in Peshawar and similar contexts globally.

...

Sana Nawaz1, Shahzor Gul Khaskheli1*, Aijaz Hussain Soomro1, Inayatullah Rajper2, Saghir Ahmed Sheikh3, Ashfaque Ahmed Khaskheli1 and Shaista Soomro1

...esent major economic and environmental concerns. Notably, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reports that waste and losses are highest in FVs among all types of food, accounting for up to 60% of total losses. Most of this waste consists of seeds, husks, skins, and other components abundant in health-promoting bioactive substances, including oils, vitamins, dietary fibre, carotenoids, and polyphenols. Making use of FV waste to extract these bioactive c...

Abdul Mannan1*, Naveed Iqbal1, Randhawa1, Abdul Hanan1 and Abdul Qadeer1

...sful and inexpensive and environmental safe recruitment for complete dominating over sugarcane borers.

...

Fasih Ullah Haider1,2, Sardar Alam Cheema1and Muhammad Farooq1,3

...s are also affecting the environment especially human health. Pesticides not only damage the human health but also pollute the air, soil, water and becoming part of food chain. One of the options to minimize weed infestation is intercropping of cover crops between cash crops to reduce the weed suppression. Cover crops are the plants grown inn field in such a way that these plants give soil cover despite it may be incorporated in field or not and also facilitie...

Gul Hassan, Anees Amin, Haroon ur Rashid, Naqib Ullah Khan and Hussain Ali1

...akistan under controlled environment. Fresh plants of Parthenium and berseem were collected before flowering stage, chopped into about 1 cm pieces, dried and then incorporated into soil 30 days before planting. The treatments included NPK at recommended dose alone and NPK + 1, 2, 3 and 4% dried parthenium (w/w of soil). For comparison, treatments like dried berseem 2% (w/w) and untreated (0 NPK and 0 Parthenium or berseem); were also employed. The experiments ...
Sohaila Fathi El-Hawary1, Nermeen M.L. Malak2, Reda A. Gomaa3, Hesham Z. Tawfeuk3, Suzan Ismail4, Nady Khairy Elbarbary5*
...contamination in aquatic environments and markets. Additionally, marinating with natural components in food is a common approach to control Vibrio spp. with the primary objective of safe consumer health.
...

Saima Naz1*, Moazama Batool2*, Qurat Ul Ain2, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha3, Sheeza Bano2, Sadia Nazir4, Ghulam Abbas5 and Unab Zahra1

...exposure to Malathion at environmentally relevant concentrations. The research aimed to assess the potential toxicity of Malathion on fish health, utilizing histological examinations and genetic toxicity assessments through micronuclei and Comet assays. Freshwater fish were exposed to Malathion for 18 days under constant pH, temperature and hardness conditions. The study involved sacrificing fish on the 6th, 12th, and 18th days of exposure for tissue and blood...

Muhammad Ramzan Ali1*, Hasina Basharat2, Aziz Ahmed1, Mubeen Fakhar1 and Shamim Akhter2

...ce breeding in the local environment. In addition, the breeding season of African catfish start in May and ends up in September. A female fish of about 1 kg gave good results in the terms of fertilization rate (%) hatching rate (%) and a handsome number of hatchlings was obtained by the artificial breeding. 

...

Abdel Fattah A. Khalaf1, Karam T. Hussein1, Shehta A. Ali2, Doaa K. Barakat2*, Mohamed I. Gad1

... less detrimental to the environment, reduce production costs, and are unlikely to induce pesticide resistance in pests. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the fixed oils derived from the seeds of the Croton tiglum and Simmondsia chinensis and the two ethanolic extract (Urtica dioica and Hyoscyamus muticus) on the lifespan, total protein, fat, and total body carbohydrate of Chrysoperla carnea (C. carnea). The lifespan of C. carnea wa...

Saima Maher1*, Salma javed2*, Gul mina1, Rizwana Salam1, Farah Mukhttar1, Noureen Khan3 and Fakhra Batool3 

...orts aimed at developing environmentally sustainable nematode management solutions.

...

Nadlirotun Luthfi1, Edy Rianto2*, Endang Purbowati2, Christina Maria Sri Lestari2, Agung Purnomoadi2, Nurul Mukminah3 

...evels is recommended for environmental sustainability. 

...

Bilal Ahmed1, Faheem Ahmed Khan2, Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari1*, Muhammad Rizwan Yousaf1 and Asep Setiaji1 

...or both productivity and environmental sustainability.

...
Damat Damat1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Shazma Anwar3, Mohammed Ali Wedyan4
Zane Vincevica-Gaile5, Yogo Adhi Nugroho2, Tony Liwang2, Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi1*, 
Ahmad Fauzi1, Hanif Alamudin Manshur1, Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Vritta Amroini Wahyudi1
Yolla Muvika Ananda1 and Hemalia Agustin Rachmawati1
...lid waste causes various environmental pollution problems. This study aimed to ascertain the characteristics of Indonesian locally-grown CP and confirm its feasibility for coffee cherry flour (CCF) production. Dried CP samples from Ijen, Karangploso and Mengani farms were assessed for mineral, heavy metal, crude protein, crude fiber, crude lipid, dietary fiber, and sugar contents and compared to La Boitê commercial product from Brazil. Principal componen...

Zhulmaydin C. Fachrussyah1*, Indra G. Ahmad2, Iin S. Lantu3, Arafik Lamadi2, Wila R. Nento3

...is needed to examine the environment factors where the catfish were reared, the parasites discovered, and the economic losses caused by parasitic infection.
 
Keywords | Ectoparasites identification, Microscopy, Prevalence, Intensity biofloc, Catfish
...

Mohsin Rafique1*, Muhammad Atif Majeed2, Aamir Shakeel3, Tahir Iqbal4 and Ziad Raza5

...icultural practices, and environmental conservation. The growth in forest cover has far-reaching ecological benefits, including improved air quality, climate change mitigation, and enhanced urban living quality. This research contributes valuable insights into the evolving urban landscape of Lahore, serving as a foundation for further studies and providing sustainable development strategies not only for the city but also for other rapidly urbanizing areas faci...

Ngele Blessing Alfred, Agba Mary-Ibenreh Ogaboh*, Bassey Rosemary Anietie and Egeh Ajah Egwu

...ps through discharge and environmental runoff. In many underdeveloped areas, untreated wastewater is used to irrigate crops, potentially harming them. This study investigated the impact of irrigation with various concentrations of a common commercial laundry detergent in Nigeria (Ariel) on maize seedlings’ germination, growth, and physiological processes, including oxidative stress enzymes activities and chlorophyll content. A mixture of sawdust and sand...

Khalid Hussain, Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan and Hafiz Ullah Khan

...e, capacity, access, and environment, and their sub-components were collected through a questionnaire survey including questions about all these parameters. In all 35 union councils (UCs) of the study area, 5 respondents from each union council were selected randomly and priority was given to long-time farmers. The data collected were tabulated and the maximum (Xmax) and minimum (Xmin) values for each sub-component of each major AWPI component were determined ...

Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara*, Tina Sri Purwanti, Budi Hartono, Awang Tri Satria, Izdihar Ratnaduhita Hidayat

...by individual traits and environmental background. Hedonic value positively influences consumer attitudes, showing that enjoyment and positive emotions associated with UHT milk enhance favorable purchasing behavior. However, environmental value negatively affects consumer attitudes, as consumers may perceive eco-friendly packaging as less convenient. Product knowledge positively influences consumer attitudes, indicating that...
Rehana Yasmin1,2, Rashda Abbasi2*, Tariq Saeed2, Madiha Sadiq2, Nuzhat Yasmeen3, Muhammad Iqbal4, A. Khuzaim Alzahrani5, Nadeem Kizilbash5, Ugur Bilge6, Nafees Ahmad2 and Sajid Malik1*
...l study epidemiological, environmental, life-style related risk factors and phenotypic characteristics of leukemia subtypes were investigated in Pakistani population. A total of 1500 subjects, including 616 patients and 884 controls were recruited through a retrospective cross-sectional sampling design. Descriptive summaries were generated, and risk factors were analyzed through logistic regression. We identified Pathan ethnicity (OR=2.85; 95%CI=2.29-3.54), no...

Rahmat Ullah Khan* and Karim Gabol

...tion, disease, and harsh environmental conditions. The valley of Bajaur would maintain its beauty gifted by birds chirping if awareness about birds’ ecological value is made public and operationalized and implementation of wildlife legislation is made successful.

...

Saleem Abid1* and Muhammad Jahanzaib2

...t;0.01) among genotypes, environments, and the genotype by environmental (G x E) interactions. The environmental factors explained 81.29% of the total yield variation. Environment variations proved to be the main factor influencing the performance of groundnut-genotypes in most of the locations where the study was conducted. The initial two components (I...

Iram Alam Sthanadar1*, Muhammad Zahid1, Sami Siraj2 and Omar Malik2

...further research on gene-environment and gene-gene interactions.

...

Shahid Ali Khan1*, Farooq Ahmad1, Muhammad Zubair Akram2, Yan Tongyu3, Fatima Urooj1, Kamran Ahmad1, Saeed Ullah4, Sharmeen Zulfiqar5, Tahira Batool6, Aqsa Sarwar1, Yaqoob Sultan7 and Samreen Nazeer8*

...a in response to various environmental fluctuations. Anatomical adaptations such as increased root epidermal and endodermal thicknesses, greater stem area, and large cortical region thickness and cell area play a significant role in different habitats. In conclusion, Euphorbia hitra showed very specific modifications in morphological and anatomical attributes that reveal their ecological success in a variety of habitats.

...
Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh1,2, Hafizan Juahir1,2*, Azimah Ismail1, Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir3,5, Setyo Budi Kurniawan1,4 and Ahmad Jusoh5
 
 
...sequent release into the environment was a major concern worldwide due to detrimental effect and their toxicity to ecosystem. Concerned about the impact of malathion pesticide, this study investigated the effectiveness of granular activated carbon (GAC) in removing malathion from agricultural runoff. The study focused on how particle size and dosage of GAC impact the removal efficiency. Therefore, this study revealed that particle size and dosage of granular a...

Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib1*, Sohaib ul Hassan2, Abubakar Sufyan3, Waqas Alam1, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Aamir Khan4, Qudrat Ullah2, Muhammad Ayaz4 and Tayyab Khurshid5

...les under the controlled environment where the average house temperature and RH were 25-28oC;75-85% and 21-24oC; 50-65% during summer and winter seasons, respectively. Birds were divided into six groups; the cage-housed flocks were either artificially inseminated on each 5th (n=20,000) or 7th day (n=20,000) whereas the floored flocks were either naturally mated (n=10,000) or inseminated artificially on 7th (n=10,000) or 5th (n=49000) day during 1st and 2nd egg...

Sami ul Haq, Basheer Ahmad* and Bilal Ahmed Qazi 

...pecies distributed along environmental variables. Key soil factors influencing species distribution include pH (7.38), electrical conductivity (4.67 Sm/cm), moisture content (2.73%), and organic carbon (2.08%). The Shahpur Valley is characterized by coniferous forests, with Pinus wallichiana as the most prevalent conifer species. However, primary threats include illegal logging for fuelwood and construction. To address these challenges, alternative fuelwood an...
Mok Sam Lum, Nurul Fadhilah binti Aldam and Clament Fui Seung Chin* 
...zolla is a potential and environmentally friendly organic fertilizer that is easy to grow, prepare, and apply by growers, in compensation for the reduction of 10 kg ha-1 urea used in sweet corn cultivation.
...

King Hei Ip

...ts, developing wild-like environments when studying the bat immune system, improving data collection methods and conducting further studies on bat immunity and viral co-infection would further the understanding on infection dynamics and control as well as the relationship between bats and viruses, allowing a better prevention of future pandemics through a more understanding towards the mechanisms and triggers to viral disease emergence. 

...
Phuong-Thao Ho1, 2, Thi Tuong Vy Nguyen3, Ngoc Hai Tran3 and Tran Van Giang4*
...em and humans due to its environmental functions and nutritional as well as medicinal values. Thus, the current study intends to determine systematic validity and to assess the weight–length relationship of the sipuncula living along the central coast of Vietnam. Species identity is evidenced by the key features of external morphology and internal anatomy. The results show that all these sipuncula have striking similarities to the sipuncula Siphonosoma a...

Awang Hazmi Awang-Junaidi1, Yeoh Boon Nie2, Siew Te Wong2, Nur Nabila Sarkawi3, Wafeq Mu’izzadin Khairul Anuar1, Siti Mariam Zainal Ariffin1* 

...nd providing appropriate environmental enrichment. 

...

Aimen Raza1, Muhammad Muzamil Ijaz1,2*, Adnan Younis1, Nasir Ahmad Khan3, Ahsan Akram1, M. Abdul Salam khan2 and M. Nadeem4

...an appropriate method of environmental management and provides nutrients to the plants. The goal of this study was to use plant-based substrates as growing mediums for ponytail palm production. The research was conducted at Lalazar Nursery, Gardening Wing Estate Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. There were eight treatments and each treatment was replicated three times, with three plants each. Different plant-based materials, including leaf com...

Arshad Iqbal1, Shahid Javed Butt1, Zia Ul Haq2*, Ismara Naseem3, Qaisar Ali Khan4 and Muhammad Sajid1

... for water-scarce, urban environments, and uneven weather conditions. Such types of weather conditions decrease the shelf-life of hydroponically grown fruit. Almost 30-40% postharvest losses were recorded for fruits and vegetables. This economic loss imposes growers for the adoption of suitable packing materials. The utility of packaging material enhances the shelf-life of fruit, while the selection of packing material depends on its availability, affordabilit...

Naglaa A. El-Taib1*, Asmaa T. Talayea2, Hanan R. Ghanayem3

...NC) state in response to environmental stress. In this state, bacteria cannot grow on standard media but retain certain features of viable cells, such as cellular integrity, metabolic activity, and virulence. Therefore, this study examined the effect of chlorine and hydrogen peroxide as common chemical sanitizers on inducing E. coli O157 into a VBNC state. The results showed that after 30 minutes of treatment with 200, 100, or 50 ppm chlorine, the numbers of c...

Shahid Ali Khan1*, Farooq Ahmad1, Fatima Urooj1, Shabana Ehsan2, Yan Tongyu3, Tahira Batool4, Aqsa Bibi1, Muhammad Bilal1, Amrat Eman1, Javeria Tariq1, Ansa Asghar1, Yang Yan5, Asima Shabbir2 and Samreen Nazeer6*

...in response to different environmental changes. Anatomical modifications, such as enhanced thicknesses of root epidermis and endodermis, increased stem area, and greater thickness and cell area of the cortical region, have a notable impact in various habitats. Ultimately, Euphorbia helioscopia exhibited distinct alterations in its physical structural characteristics, which indicate its ability to thrive in diverse environment

Budi Guntoro1*, Nguyen Hoang Qui1,2, Ahmad Romadhoni Surya Putra1, Nguyen Thi Anh Thu1,2 and Nguyen Van Vui2

...ective methods to reduce environmental emissions in pig farming. By analyzing the extended technology acceptance model (TAM extended), this study investigated the factors of social profiles, production characteristics, and perception of farmers affecting the acceptance of biogas systems in pig farms. The data showed that occupation, perceived usefulness, information awareness, social influence, and perceived cost were significant predictors of farmers’ w...

Mohammad Lalmoddin Mollah*, Arobi Jahan Disha and Dipa Rani Pal

...ous topographic regions, environments and multi-cat households were identified as significant risk factors. The study underscores the need for vaccination, hygiene practices, and further researchs to mitigate the impact of cat flu on feline health and welfare is needed.

...

Md Kamrul Hasan1,2, Hong-Seok Mun1,3, Keiven Mark Bigtasin Ampode1,4, Eddiemar Baguio Lagua1,5, Hae-Rang Park1,5, Young-Hwa Kim6, Md Sharifuzzaman1,7, Chul-Ju Yang1,5*

...stry and mainly used for environmental control, feed management, farm planning, greenhouse gas reduction, and behavior monitoring. Key barriers to DT deployment include high establishment costs, risk of market monopolization, and technical knowledge gaps. The amalgamation of government subsidies, localized technology production, and the provision of training facilities can be instrumental in enabling farmers to overcome the obstacles. The application of DT is ...

Mujahid Ali1*, Malik Muhammad Akram2, Emily Silverman3, Asif Iqbal1, Muhammad Mohsan1, Haseeb Ahsan4

...ural losses in this arid environment. More awareness is needed in the farming community to focus on water-saving strategies, water budgeting, and using monitoring software to evaluate areas to conserve water. Government policies to equally distribute irrigation water would solve and save the country from this impending crisis. There is a need to improve storage capacity by building dams, reservoirs, and water retention ponds to help capture all available water...

Muhammad Yusuf1*, Abdul Latief Toleng1, Hasrin Hasrin2, Abdullah Baharun3, Athhar Manabi Diansyah1,4, Santoso Santoso4, Rahmat Rahmat1

...ile cervical mucus is an environment that influences the sperm for successful fertilization. This study aims to evaluate the reproductive tract score (RTS) and the quality of cervical mucus in relation to the fertility rate of Bali heifers. Assessment of the reproductive tract was carried out using a scoring method in the form of score 1 = size < SE and Score 2 = size > SE, then grouped into Good RTS (GRTS) with a score > 4 and Poor RTS (PRTS) with a ...

Hamayun Arshad1, Muhammad Waris2,3 and Qurratulann Afza Gardner1*

...rded as an effective and environment friendly method of insect control. In this regard, surface layer (S-layer) protein in various strains of Lysinibacillus sphaericus is reported to exhibit bioinsecticidal property. Here, we aimed to search for local strain of L. sphaericus and test its S-layer protein for toxicity against Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi larvae. For this purpose, we isolated various bacterial strains from our local

Y. Eid1, S. Abo El-Sood1, A. Fawzi1, W.A. Morsy2* and H. Mehany3

...unctions, under Egyptian environmental conditions.

...

Tarek M. Mousa-Balabel1*, Ebrahim M. Farg2 and Abobakr A. Elkot1

...s are too susceptible to environmental and housing factors such as floor and bedding materials. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of flooring materials on the behavior and performance of Friesian dairy calves. Twenty-seven female Friesian calves, with an average body weight of 38 ± 2.3 kg were randomly assigned according to their average body weight into three groups for a period of 120 days. Each group contained nine calves with three ...

Mahmoud Saber1, Sabry A. Mousa2, Hisham A. Abdelrahman3, Eman Rashad4, Ramadan Sary5, Meray N. Ramsis5*

... industries ranging from environmental cleanup to personal care, ongoing research is essential to optimize their use, understand their environmental impact, and explore alternatives and new applications in biomedical and advanced materials fields. SLS revealed more harmful effects than DOSS, causing the ruminal mucosa and ruminal papillae to shorten, degenerate, and burn, especially at ruminal pillars. Due to their dramatic ...

Walid Elmonir1*, Ahmed Abdel-Fattah Tayel2, Suzan Abdelbaky Kotb1 and Wael Fawzy El-Tras2

...of Toxoplasma oocysts in environmental samples. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of T. gondii oocysts in vegetables, and fruits in Egypt. Awareness of public and health professionals about these neglected vehicles of toxoplasmosis is urgently required.

...
Satya Narayana Rao Ramasamy1,2, Assis Kamu3 and Connie Fay Komilus1*
 
...80 % as biomass into the environment. As this waste contains protein that could enhance growth rate, it could be a good choice to be used as alternate source of feed for fighting fish. The objectives of this study are to determine proximate composition in formulated fish feed using crustacean waste and to examine effect of crab waste in fish feed on growth performances on Betta splendens. A total of 54 fishes with average weight (±0.035 g) was us...

Heni Suryani1, Sri Novianti2*, Fatati2, Jul Andayani2, Saitul Fakhri2, Muhammad Ambar Islahudin3

...icrobial adaptability to environmental changes nullified any effect. Meanwhile, VFA production increased due to changes in the rumen fermentation pattern. Treatment significantly affected (P<0.05) total gas production and protozoa populations. A linear relationship was observed between the binahong extract levels and both total gas production and protozoa population. Binahong supplementation elevated gas production, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, ...
José J. Cedeño-Díaz1, Caridad A. Torres-García1, Marina García1, Freddy Zambrano-Gavilanes1, Naga Raju Maddela2* and Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos3*
...used as controls in both environments. Under the greenhouse conditions, different phytometric characteristics were evaluated at 21 days after sowing (DAS). In the field conditions, the incidence (%) and severity (%) of Curvularia leaf spot (Curvularia spp.), Diplodia leaf streak (Diplodia sp.), and leaf blight (Bipolaris sp. or Exserohilum sp.), and various phytometric and chemical parameters were evaluated at 63 DAS. Organic amendm...

Muhammad Ahsan Raza1,2*, Nabila Roohi2, Abdul Qayyum Khan Sulehria3 and Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan4

Sehar Aslam1, Muhammad Qasim1*, Mohsin Khurshid2*, Usman Ali Ashfaq1 and Muhammad Akhtar Ali3

...ainst bile salts, acidic environments, and temperature, and had excellent adhesion ability, indicating their potential as probiotic strains. Additionally, all isolates were non-hemolytic and displayed significant antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The anti-cancer activity of all isolates was also evaluated against the Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2), and all isol...

Zuhaib Nishtar1, Wang Fangzong1,  Nan Yang1 and Jamil Afzal2*

...t goals and solve urgent environmental challenges, the intersection of wildlife conservation and renewable energy has emerged as a vital nexus. This article reveals significant prospects for integration and collaboration through a thorough examination of the existing condition of animal conservation and renewable energy in Pakistan. The future we envision fosters peaceful coexistence between animals and clean energy infrastructure by meticulously planning rene...

Sadaf Aman1, Yung Fu Chang2, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Rahman Ullah3* and Farah Aman4

...ry in this country in an environmentally sustainable way.

...

Pakistan Journal of Zoology

October

Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 5, pp. 2001-2500

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