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Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1

 

Life Sciences International Journal Issue 7 Volume 1
...s high as 98% nucleotide sequences similarity was determined between the representative strains. Furthermore, these strains have shown homology with previously characterized strains from Pakistan (O/PAK Lahore), Afghanistan, Iran, India, Nepal and Bhutan. Phylogenetically, these strains clustered into PanAsian II lineage of FMD O serotype along with previously characterized strains of Pakistan. The network analysis of complete VP1 gene nucleotide

Sehrish Kanwal, Ali Saeed, Muhammad Munir, Memoona Arshad

 

British Journal of Virology
...s high as 98% nucleotide sequences similarity was determined between the representative strains. Furthermore, these strains have shown homology with previously characterized strains from Pakistan (O/PAK Lahore), Afghanistan, Iran, India, Nepal and Bhutan. Phylogenetically, these strains clustered into PanAsian II lineage of FMD O serotype along with previously characterized strains of Pakistan. The network analysis of complete VP1 gene nucleotide

Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1

British Journal of Virology
...s high as 98% nucleotide sequences similarity was determined between the representative strains. Furthermore, these strains have shown homology with previously characterized strains from Pakistan (O/PAK Lahore), Afghanistan, Iran, India, Nepal and Bhutan. Phylogenetically, these strains clustered into PanAsian II lineage of FMD O serotype along with previously characterized strains of Pakistan. The network analysis of complete VP1 gene nucleotide

Gerald Misinzo1,*, Tebogo Kgotlele1, Epaphras A. Muse1, Jan Van Doorsselaere2, Mikael Berg3, and Muhammad Munir4

... and in camels. Based on sequence analysis of the nucleoprotein (N) gene, the PPRV has been classified into four lineages. Serological investigations in Tanzania indicate that peste des petits ruminants (PPR) was introduced in 2004 in Ngorongoro district bordering Ken- ya before official confirmation of the disease in most districts of Northern Tanzania in 2008. In 2011, the presence of PPRV in goats of southern Tanzania district of Tandahimba bordering Mozamb...

Qingzhong Yu

 

...ene upstream from the GE sequences of the viral genes and subsequent quantitative measurements of the GFP fluorescence intensity, we have concluded that the P and M junction region is the optimal insertion site for a high level of foreign gene expression by a NDV vector.

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Dallin D. Oaks

 

... of languages, or even a sequence in which a confusion of languages led to a scattering of the people. Indeed, a close examination of the account seems to allow an interpretation of events that is compatible with what linguists have observed about how languages can diversify, though some challenges may still remain in reconciling assumptions about the available post-Babel time frame versus the lengthy time frame that linguists have assumed to be necessary for ...

Hai-Bo Wang, Qiu-Hua Mo, Ze Yang*

...ch combines nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) and molecular beacon technique. Recently there have been two major progresses in the field, in which RT-NASBA technique was applied for the detection of diarrhoea related viruses. This mini review overviewed the basic principle of RT-NASBA and discussed the significance of these new findings.

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Rick Repetti

...r van Inwagen’s consequence argument, which asserts that if choices are lawfully necessary consequences of prior events, then they are unfree; Derk Pereboom’s two arguments for hard incompatibilism: the manipulation argument, which asserts that manipulated choices are unfree, determinism is functionally equivalent to manipulation, and thus determined choices are unfree; and the randomness argu...

Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas Faleye1, Johnson Adekunle Adeniji1, 2 *

...TR PCR assays, amplicons sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Both sites yielded two isolates each on MCF-7 cell line while on RD cell line one site yielded one and the other seven isolates. None of the twelve isolates replicated on L20B cell line. All were positive for both the panenterovirus 5l-UTR and partial VP1 PCR reactions while only the four isolates recovered on MCF-7 where positive for the EV-C-3Dpol/3’-UTR-PCR assay. The eleven is...

Tomas Jinnerot1*, Karin Malm1, Erik Eriksson1 and Jonas Johansson Wensman2

E-mail | [email protected]

...ct a suitable target DNA sequence. A PCR targeting the bfrZ gene was developed which showed no cross-reactivity in silico or when tested with a panel of bacterial isolates. The limit of detection was determined to 4x103 bacteria per mL of nasal swab sample and less than 10 copies of target DNA per PCR reaction. Out of 23 isolates of B. bronchiseptica tested, one isolate from a hedgehog was not amplified. Se...

John G. Bruno1*, Chien-Chung Chao2,3, Zhiwen Zhang3, Wei-Mei Ching2,3, Taylor Phillips1, Allison Edge1, Jeffery C. Sivils1

...vidual candidate aptamer sequences were ranked according to affinity by an ELISA-like microplate-screening assay (ELASA). Top three candidate aptamers were then paired in a matrix of all possible capture and reporter aptamer combinations and tested in a fluorescent peroxidase-linked Amplex® UltraRed (AUR; a resazurin-like substrate) version of a rapid (< 1 h) aptamer magnetic bead sandwich assay. The optimal sandwich aptamer combination utilized the sam...

Mohammad Mushfiqur Rahman1, Rokshana Parvin1, Ataur Rahman Bhuiyan1, Mohammad Giasuddin2, Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury3, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam1, Emdadul Haque Chowdhury1*

 

...fied by RT-PCR, and were sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that PPRVs circulating in Bangladesh belonged to Lineage IV and they formed a separate sub-cluster along with recent isolates from Nepal, Bhutan and China. On genetic analyses, it appeared that the N gene of PPRV is less conserved as compared to the F gene. Two unique amino acid substitutions (K423Q and E426G) were observed in Bangladeshi and Chinese isolates in the partial

 Zahir Shah, Shakoor Ahamd, Mian Saeed Sarwar, Murad Ali Khan and Javid Ali

...currence and untoward consequences.

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Usman Ijaz1, Muhammad Sajid Tahir2, Khalid Abdul Majeed3*, Shahid Iqbal4, Iffat Huma5, S. Firyal6, Ijaz Ahmed7, Shahid Chohan8 and Aamir Riaz Khan9 

...xploring the partial DNA sequences of mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Scat samples of 15 different known leopards were collected from Nathiagali, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. After amplification with specific oligos, the amplicons of partial region of COI were subjected to sequencing, and then observed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs were observed on three loci of the COI gene as c...

Zuhao Huang1, Feiyun Tu2 and Dianhua Ke1*

...tingly, a 484bp repeated sequence appears in both CR and CCR. Genetic distance shows that the differences between M. v. viridis and M. v. americanus is higher than that M. v. viridis vs M. leschenaulti based on Cyt b gene. Morphology, geographical distribution and genetic data suggest the elevation of M. v. americanus to a full species Rufous-crowned Bee-eater M. americanus, supporting the latest taxonomic arrangement ...

Zisha Liu1, Na Song1, Takashi Yanagimoto2, Zhiqiang Han3, Bonian Shui3 and Tianxiang Gao3*

...gn: justify;"> sp.) were sequenced, their genomic structure examined, and their genome organization, arrangement and codon usage analyzed. Phylogenetic Bayesian and ML analyses were conducted, using a concatenated set of 12 protein-coding genes, and adding 16 other species of gobies (Gobiidae). The mitogenome sequences of O. lac...

Atul Sharma, Aruna Chandra Singh, Gautam Bacher, Sunil Bhand

...on, mainly due to the consequences of multi drug resistance and potential threat to human health and the environment. With the increasing incidences of antimicrobial contamination, especially in food, dairy products, agriculture and environment, their regular monitoring is on prime interest. Aptamers are synthetic short sequences of single stranded (ss) oligonucleotides (ss-RNA or DNA), which are developed by an in-vitro sel...

Siyu Yang1, Fukuan Du2 and Pao Xu1,2*

... synthesized, cloned and sequenced. This SS cDNA encodes a protein with 114 amino acids that contains the SS14 sequence at its C-terminus. This putative peptide is identical to that generated by the SS1 gene in other vertebrates. Tissue distribution of C. nasus SS1 mRNA was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which demonstrated high expression level in the brain. During embryogenesis, SS1 mRNA was detected...

Ali Raza Awan*, Sehrish Firyal, Muhammad Tayyab, Lala Rukh, M. Zia ul Haq, Shagufta Saeed and Muhammad Wasim

...P. k. manillensis with a sequence similarity of 99.37%. Comparative analysis indicated 4 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) sites in the Pakistani wild Rose-ringed parakeet’s Cytb gene which tags the peculiarity to the Pakistani wild Rose-ringed parakeet. This is the first report that lays bare the molecular classification of Pakistani wild Rose-ringed Parakeet at sub-specie level using novel Cytb gene polymorphism.

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Ahmed Samy, Wesam Mady, Naglaa M. Haggag, Samah H. Mohamed, Ebtissam N. AlShamy, M.K. Hassan

...BMC). Hemagglutinin gene sequence analysis of the two strains reveal high similarity with difference close to cleavage site (HARSSR/ GLF) and (PARSSR/GLF) for V3 and RSF/1 respectively. Results of growth kinetics in PBMCs showed that V3 replicated more efficiently comparing to RSF/1 at all-time points. Further, strain V3 induced significant up-regulation of IL-1b and IL-6 at 24 hours post infections (hpi) comparing to RSF/1. However, both strains induced signi...

Fukuan Du1,2, Yan Li2, Zhixin Wen1, Ruguo Chen1 and Pao Xu2*

... of which 10,310 unigene sequences contain more than one SSR. These genetic markers are ideal molecular markers for the following investigating genetic diversity, constructing genetic maps, and marker assisted selection.

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Lingtong Ye1, Chao Cao1,2, Bin Tang1,2, Tuo Yao1, Ruixuan Wang1 and Jiangyong Wang1*
...e pygidium. The COI gene sequence demonstrated that the intraspecific distance of P. websteri was 0.33%, whereas the interspecific distance of P. websteri ranged from 18.88% (with P. brevipalpa) to 24.79% (with Boccardia proboscidea). The intraspecific genetic distances of polydorids examined in the present study ranged from 0.33% to 1.67%, whereas the interspecific distances ranged from 18.88% to 24.79%. Such large barcoding gaps b...
Sameera Akhtar1*, Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khushi Muhammad1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Muhammad Anees2, Imran Rashid1, Raza-ur-Rehman3 and Irshad Hussain1
...F and HN gene nucleotide sequence analysis, the isolate clustered as genotype VII closely associated to those reported from Indonesia. Further sequence analysis of hyper-variable region within F gene revealed its clustering to sub-genotype VIIe. The inferred residue analysis of the virus revealed a number of substitution mutations in the structural and functional domains when compared to the representative strains of each ge...

Pam D Luka, Frank N Mwiine, Bitrus Yakubu, Joseph Erume, Ricardo Pérez-Sánchez, Hermann Unger and David Shamaki

...e of pigs with severe consequences and a growing transboundary potential. The disease is caused by ASF virus (ASFV), the only DNA virus with an arthropod vector of the genus Ornithodoros, involved in its transmission. Tick involvement has been reported in Europe, East and Southern Africa to be part of ASFV transmission cycles. Ticks in an ASFV infected area have been reported to influence the emergence of genetic variation and long-term persistence of the viru...
Jun Cui, Xiaoxu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Derong Kong, Xuemei Qiu, Hongdi Wang and Xiuli Wang*
...ius carassius). This sequence is 1338bp that encodes a polypeptide of 445 amino acids. The calculated molecular weight of crucian carp Wap65 protein (CcWap65) is 50.8kDa, containing a signal peptide cleavage site between amino acids 18 and 19. The CcWap65 is a hydrophilic protein and no trans-membrane topological proteins. The SMART analysis revealed that CcWap65 contains three hemopexin-like repeats (E-value < 0.05). The crucian carp Wap65 was m...

John G. Bruno

... or complete primary DNA sequences or secondary stem-loop structures of these aptamers were observed, 3-dimensional computer models of these top ten anti-idiotypic aptamer candidates showed some topological similarities which suggest common binding motifs. Unfortunately, without knowledge of the hypervariable region amino acid sequences of the target antibodies, no docking simulations are possible to test this topological hy...

Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady 1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, A. Arafa1, M.K. Hassan1, M.M. Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2

...3(H9N2). The full length sequence of HA gene was codon optimized to the chicken biased codons and subcloned into the pCAGGS plasmid vector under the control of the chicken β-actin promoter. The in vitro expression of recombinant plasmid DNA was performed by transfection of 293T (HEK) cell line. The HA protein was analyzed using SDS-PAGE followed by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The pCAGG-optiH9 vaccine efficacy was evaluated by intramuscular...
Tianzhu Chao, Huiqiang Cai, Yuxun Zhou, Kai Li* and Junhua Xiao
...se mice based on 466 DNA sequences from mitochondrial D-loop fragments. Our analyses revealed that Mus musculus musculus and M. m. castaneus are older colonized subspecies with broad distributions in East China, while M. m. domestics is a newly arrived subspecies currently restricted to Shanghai, indicating the elevated risk in this cosmopolitan cities. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that M. m. musculus migrated from northern China...
Jun Gao1,2, Liang-Liang Yue3, Xianhuan Jiang1, Liju Ni4, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Yuxun Zhou,1 Kai Li1,* and Junhua Xiao1,*
...control region (CR) were sequenced and 49 haplotypes were observed. No shared haplotype was found among different geographic populations. High Fst values among the populations suggested that fragmentation of habitat has resulted in genetically distinct populations. The trees, inferred from maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, highly supported all the M. fortis individuals clustering into one monophyletic lineage. Thre...
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabyasachi Pal2, Ghule Tushar Manohar2, Somnath Bhattacharyya3, Amit Singh4, Prahlad Sarkar5 and Samuel Lalliansanga6
...tion of rDNA and partial sequence homology of ITS-1and ITS-2. Host differential tests confirmed the race 2 of M. incognita infecting passion fruit. Pathogenic relationship with the passion fruit was proved through inoculation studies and inoculated plants also produced almost similar above-ground symptoms and profuse root galling. The pathogenic potential of M. incognita on passion fruit was determined; the minimum 10 second stage juvenile (J2)/2...
Urooj Fatima1, Arslan Mehboob2, Muhammad Abid3, Muti-ur-rehman Khan4 and Tahir Yaqub4*

 

Neenish Rana, Nosheen Ehsan, Awais Ihsan and Farrukh Jamil*
...udogenes from the genome sequence of human pathogenic bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strain 26695. Computational analysis of the genome showed 6 transcriptionally active pseudogenes that can produce stable mRNA secondary structure compared to their functional parents. Moreover it was observed that their putative protein products will be thermodynamically stable. The sequence-based predictions suggeste...

Nirbhay Kushwaha, Achuit K Singh, Brotati Chattopadhyay and Supriya Chakraborty

Recent advances in geminivirus detection and future perspectives
...lant sources. Nucleotide sequence data offers identification of viral molecule to strain/species level for accurate diagnosis.

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M. S. A. Mamun and M. Ahmed

Integrated pest management in tea: prospects and future strategies in Bangladesh
...seen or ignored. As a consequence there arose the development of resistance to pesticides, pest resurgence and undesirable pesticide residue in the made tea as the major problems. Current trends in eco-friendly insect pest management practices emphasize the host plant resistance, preparation and application methods of new botanicals and microbial pesticide formulations, evaluation of field bio-efficacy and conservation of biological agents, cultural control me...

Md Riton Choudhury, Koushik Brahmachari, Sudeshna Kar and Rupayan Deb

Integration of weed management practices in rice-potato-groundnut cropping sequence
...on the yield of crops in sequence and cost effectiveness of different weed control measures. Rice exhibited the maximum yield when treated with two hand weedings, but it may be profitably replaced by the application of herbicides. From the point of eco-safety measures and economy, combination of hand weeding and mulching can be judiciously recommended in potato and groundnut.


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Rashid Pervez, Santhosh J. Eapen, S. Devasahayam and M. Dinsha

Characterization of entomopathogenic nematode, Stein-ernema carpocapsae from ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) rhizosphere in India
...er confirmed by ITS-rDNA sequences analysis. Phylogenetic was constructed for studying relationship with known isolates. Pathogenic potential of the isolate of S. carpocapsae (IISR-EPN 06) on the larva of shoot borer (Conogethes punctiferalis), hairy caterpillar (Euproctis sp.) and greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) was found under in vitro condition. Further this isolate displayed high virulence on above insect species. This study reported occurrence of a...

Dhananjoy Mandal 2K. Baral 3M. K. Dasgupta

Developing site-specific appropriate precision agriculture
...vegetable-based cropping sequences between improved and farmers’ practices in terms of five parameters, viz. crop growth and productivity, soil nutrient management, pest management, (BCA) biocontrol agent balance, and energy balance, economics ~ each with several variables. We are also providing ground and prepare to provide PA –specific data to the farmers. By Return per Rupee invested Rice-Potato-Pumpkin1, Cucumber-Cabbage-Basella alba, and Groun...
Jakub Jan Skorupski
...justify;">The nucleotide sequence, variation and gene-structure of the American mink (Neovison vison) growth hormone gene was analyzed. For this purpose set of 3 amplicons were sequenced, including 5’-UTR and all exons and introns. The study involved 389 animals. The sequencing results revealed the presence of 5 exons (10 bp, 161 bp, 117 bp, 162 bp, 201 bp) and 4 introns (245 bp, 171 bp, 176 bp, 290 bp), with a ...
Sadia Munir1a, Asif Nadeem1a*, Maryam Javed1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3 and Sidra Manzoor1 
...hiwal cattle breeds were sequenced using six set of primers. A total 15 polymorphisms; 12 in intronic and 3 in exonic region, were identified. The sequences of the amplified Pit1 gene fragments were aligned with the help of BLAST for SNPs identification. This is a first report toward genetic screening of this gene at molecular level in Sahiwal cattle of Pakistan. No work has been reported on this gene in Sahiwal cattl...

Hussein Aly Hussein1*, Omneya Mohamed Khattab2, Shereen Mohamed Aly2, and Mohammed Abdel Mohsen Rohaim1 

...nments of the nucleotide sequences revealed that both isolates had nine nucleotide mutations in comparison with the local reference strain, LSDV-Egypt/89 Ismalia. Compared with the GPCR sequences of SPV and GPV strains, 21 nucleotide insertion and 12 nucleotides deletions were identified in the GPCR genes of our isolates and other LSDVs. The amino acid sequences of GPCR genes of our isolat...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
...common carp genome. Both sequences alignment and phylogenetic analysis exhibited that genes derived from the same GST class from different species share more similarity than genes of different classes in the same species. Copy number of GSTs examining showed that five classes of GST genes in common carp have undergone the gene duplications, including MGST1, GSTK, GSTM, GSTA and GSTT. Comparative genomics and syntenic analysis provided new evidences for better ...
Muhammad Ashfaq,1 Shamim Akhtar,2 Saleem Akhtar2,* and Mariyam Masood2
... used morphology and DNA sequences from mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer I) genes to identify the hyperparasitoid Promuscidea unfasciativentris. The successful PCR-based detection of hyperparasitism is promising for designing strategies for the biological control program of cotton mealybug.
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Javeria1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2,*, Tanveer Hussain2, Rashid Saif2, Sadaf Rashid3, Hanan Sarfraz4, Abbas Ali Shah3, Muhammad Wasim1 and Muhammad Abdullah1
...of BDNF gene were sequenced. In-silico analysis was performed to detect the possible disease causing effect of genetic variants with OCD. Sequencing of BDNF gene showed one change G>A at position c.196 (rs6265) resulting in a nonsynonymous change from valine to methionine. We found only one homozygous and heterozygous carrier for this polymorphism. Healthy siblings of the carrier individuals and control group were screened and found as negativ...
Sidra Manzoor1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Wasim Shehzad1, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Muhammad Imran1, Tanveer Hussain2, Abdul Wajid1 and Maryam Javed1
...o know the functional consequences of the identified polymorphism, RNA secondary structure analysis was performed and SNP was found changing the termination loop shape in mRNA. However, to increase the selection efficacy of dairy animals, the effects of candidate polymorphism should further be screened in different environments and genetic backgrounds.
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Jianping Gou, Jianli Xiong*, Baoxia Dong, Zhennan Liu and Manman Hou
...gans in females are a consequences of high energy requirements for reproduction, which favors females to produce more high-energy eggs. 
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Yijin He1, Song Ma2, Bo Liu1,*, Ting Xue1, Qunlan Zhou1, Wu Jin1 and  Kui Chen2,*
...d a pair of DNA fragment sequence including complete ORF (921bp) of taste receptor candidate gene T2R1 of T. fasciatus and studied the differential expression spectrum of tissues in combination with bioinformatics analysis so as to understand the possible functions in response to chemical sensation behavior of taste receptors. The receptors when compared with T. rubripes, there was 99.2% identity in two kinds ORF s...
Ghulam Abbas1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Muhammad Sajid Tahir3, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3, Muhammad Tayyab1 and Maryam Javed1
...ction. PCR products were sequenced bi-directionally, aligned and single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. Bioinformatics tools were applied for construction of phylogenetic tree and genetic diversity analysis. Lower genetic diversity was observed. The finding of this research is prerequisite for future research.
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Muhammad Abid1*, Tahir Yaqub2, Arslan Mehboob3 and Muhammad Zubair Shabbir4

...nd molecular assays. The sequence analysis of NA genes shown 99% homology with the H9N2 AIV recently isolated from Pakistan and their phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the isolates belonged to the G- lineage. Amino acid analysis of NA stalk regions of these isolates illustrated no insertion, deletion and substitutions compared to A/DK/HK/Y280/97 lineage and human isolates (A/HK/1073/99 and A/HK/1074/99). Several amino acid substitutions at various region...
Fareeda Tasneem1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*

 

...tone H4 gene (160bp) was sequenced in ten locally isolated strains of Paramecium species including a standing-alone on the basis of 18SrDNA gene sequence strain FT8. In order to readdress the relationships of FT8 strain with other strains of Paramecium species, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed on the basis of H4 gene sequences. A phylogenetic tree was construct...
Mehran Kausar1,2, Naveed Ashraf3, Farzana Hayat4, Asraf Hussain Hashmi1, Saima Siddiqi1,* and Mariam Anees2
... gene were amplified and sequenced in the affected and unaffected individuals of a consanguineous Pakistani family consisting of five members, three affected brothers, one unaffected sister and the unaffected mother. We identified a known missense mutation c.136 C>T in the third exon of CTSK changing arginine to tryptophan (p.Arg46Trp) which segregated with the disorder. The clinical findingsimplicated CTSK and the use of direct sequencing pro...
Kulsoom Akhter1, Tahseen Ghous1,2,Saiqa Andleeb3,*, Faiz-ul-Hassan Nasim4, Samina Ejaz5, Zain-ul-Abdin1, Bilal Ahmed Khan1 and Muhammed Naeem Ahmed1
...-1), in above sequence, the strains accumulated 118.2, 121.87 and 90 mg/g Cr (VI), 135, 127.5 and 146.25 mg/g Ni (II) and 120, 129.37, 135 mg/g Cd(II). Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied and found suitable to describe biosorption of selected metals by the isolated strains.
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Lu Liu1, Sher Khan Panhwar2, Tianxiang Gao3, Zhiqiang Han3, Chunhou Li4, Dianrong Sun4 and Na Song1,*
...by molecular methods, we sequenced a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of mitochondrial DNA of Liza affinis and Liza klunzingeri from coastal waters of China and Pakistan, respectively. Sequences of L. carinata were obtained from GenBank. A neighbor-joining tree showed the specimens to form a strong monophyletic group. The mean within-species genetic distances for L. affinis,...
Wanchao Zhu1, Qinguo Wei1, Shuyu Xue1, Huanxin Zhang2, Tianshu Lv1 and Honghai Zhang1,
...ast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats (FIASCO) from them in this study. The primers designed by Primer Premier 5.0 based on conservative regions were tested on 22 individuals. Our results demonstrated that the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to five and the mean number of alleles was 3.67. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.227 to 0.545 and 0.201 to 0.630, respectively. The polymorphic information content value...
Zuhao Huang*, Meifang Li, Rujue Ruan and Jiawei Qin
...th of the control region sequences ranged from 1427 bp (Ixobrychus flavicollis) to 3871 bp (Botaurus stellaris). The average genetic distances among the species varied from 5.39% (between Egretta sacra and Egretta garzetta) to 41.15% (between Egretta sacra and Botaurus stellaris). Five conserved sequence boxes (F to B) in the domain II of Ardeidae sequence
Muhammad Usman Qamar1, 2, Sidrah Saleem1, Usman Arshad1, Muhammad Farhan Rasheed3, Hasan Ejaz4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Shah Jahan6,*
...was amplified by PCR and sequenced. MIC of different antibiotics were determined by VITEK 2 system and antibacterial activity, MIC and MBC of manuka honey was performed by agar well diffusion assay and microbroth dilution assay respectively. All isolates (n=5) were carbapenamase and MBL producers andNDM-1 gene carrier. These isolates displayed significant resistance against commonly used antibiotics including carbapenem and colistin proved to be most effective...
Habibun Nabi1, Saher Islam2, Amna Arshad Bajwa2, Imran Rashid1,*, Haroon Akbar1, Wasim Shehzad2, Kamran Ashraf1, Nisar Ahmad1 and Aneela Durrani3
Rabia Arif*, Shahar Bano, Muhammad Ishfaq and Muhammad Saleem
...cular markers, we show a sequence analysis of (V3, V4 and V9) hyper-variable regions of the small sub unit (SSU) of different natural strains of the Pyrenomycete, Sordaria fimicola, to examine genetic diversity. Strains were taken from two contrasting environments (Natural and Harsh) from the south facing and north facing slopes of Evolution Canyon, Israel. Sequenced amplicons were introduced to the NCBI database as a...
Farid S. Ataya,1,2,* Dalia Fouad,3,4 Ajamaluddin Malik,1 Nikolaos E. Labrou,5 Mohamed S. Daoud1,6 and Hesham M. Saeed7
...GSTP1-1). The coding sequence was cloned using RT-PCR. Sequence analysis demonstrated significant differences between amino acid sequence of C. dromedarius and other mammalian GSTP1-1 enzymes. Phylogenetic relationship was studied with different organisms belonging to animal kingdom and revealed that CdGSTP1-1 is grouped with the enzyme from S. scrofa. The 3D homol...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
... with the detrimental consequences of chemicals, use of resistant cultivars can prove one of the effective and reliable alternative approaches for the management of this pest. As the information regarding resistant cultivars is lacking, therefore, the objective of the present study was to identify resistant sources from among the available commercial okra cultivars. Okra cultivars showed significant variations from comparative susceptibility to comparative res...

Warda Fatima1 , Shahida Hasnain1 , Saqib Mahmood2

 

... population about the consequences of disorder so that people take it cautiously and it may treated early and its bad consequences be reduced.
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 Asma Akhtar, Abdul Rehman

...mical tests and 16S rRNA sequence. The minimum inhibitory concentration of both isolates showed fair growth up to 1 mM of K2Te2O3. Both strains showed maximum growth at 37ºC and pH of 7. The bacterial growth in the presence of metal ions was delayed as compared to the control. High ellurite reduction potential was shown 98% (1f) and 97% (2b) after 24 h of incubation. Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity was increased to 279% (1f) and 150% (2...

Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Khanum Zahra2, Arooj Zaheer2, Khizar Samiullah3

...ter determining type and sequence of constituent amino acid or by inserting silk producing gene in another suitable animal.

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RuiHua Zhang, YongFang Jia, TingTing Liang, QianWen Yang, QiYan Du and ZhongJie Chang*
... full-length SoxD sequences from transcriptome sequencing data of carp: CcSox5, CcSox6 and CcSox13 (Cyprinus carpio SoxD).These genes were verified by sequencing, blast and homology alignment. CcSoxD have two to four exons and encode a 780, 784 and 602 amino acid protein, respectively. Chromosome synteny analyses revealed that CcSox5 and CcSox13 weretightly linked with the etnk gene, which was cons...
Yunjun Yan, Zhenming Lü, Tianming Wang, Yongjiu Chen, Jingwen Yang, Baoying Guo, Lihua Jiang, Changwen Wu and Liqin Liu*
... the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of Octopus dollfusi (Robson, 1932) collected from the coast of Guangdong Province, China, and analyzed the phylogenetic relationship with other cephalopod species. The results show that the mitochondrial genome of O. dollfusi composed of 15843 nucleotide pairs and encodes 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and a major long noncoding region (LNCR) of the mit...

 Muhammad Azam Niazi*, Hassnain Shah, Waqar Akhtar and Nadeem Akmal**

...e terms of trade have consequences of great significance for the overall economic performance of a country. In this paper the terms of trade (1991-2003) for Pakistan’s crop sector have been worked out to reveal how the sector has performed over time in terms of profitability. Various indices were worked out to view the profitability from different angles using weights, giving due importance to all the contributing factors. The results revealed that Pakis...

Iracema Nunes de Barros1,2, Luciane Dubina Pinto3, Rosely Bianca dos Santos Kuroda1, Sheila Oliveira de Souza Silva1, Leonardo José Richtzenhain1,2, Cláudio Wageck Canal3 and Paulo Eduardo Brandão1,2* 

...nce genealogy using CCoV sequences from GenBank for M gene showed that eight strains were CCoV-II twenty-six were CCoV-I. These findings show some genetic features of CCoV in Brazil and may require future studies to elucidate full genome sequences of these isolates to better assess the disease transmission dynamics and future control strategies. 

...
Saba Rafique1,2,*, Khalid Naeem1, Naila Siddique1, Muhammad Athar Abbas1, Aamer Ali Shah2, Akbar Ali1, Abdul Rahim1 and Farooq Rashid1
...ase pairs. The S protein sequence was submitted to the GenBank with accession number KU145467. Phylogenetic grouping and maximum nucleotide sequence identity values were used to identify the isolate that looked to be derived from recombination. It showed maximum nucleotide homology 99.5% with ck/CH/LHB/121010 (KP036503), India/IBV572 (KF809797) and Japan/JP/Wakayama-2/2004 (AB363951.2) and 99.3% with 4/91 vaccine (KF377577),...
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Sehrish Bilal1, Madeeha Khalid1, Muhammad Tahir Nazir1 and A.R. Shakoori2

 

...hat change in amino acid sequence of primary structure of enzyme exists at the saponin binding site, resulting in weak interaction for A. mellifera as compared to T. castaneum enzyme protein. Computational studies inidicate that A. mellifera enzyme had a little binding affinity for saponin as compared to T. castaneum AChE. The amino acid residues of T. castaneum AChE identified at positions 259(SER), 176(SER), 173(GLY), and 5...
Muhammad Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Ismail Khan1, Qadeem Khan2 and Khalid Khan1
...Pre-S2 region nucleotide sequence of the sample MR02 was found completely homologous with the Pre-S2 region of already reported subtype “adr4”. This sample showed 1.2 to 20% variation with the other reported sequences. Nucleotide sequence of the Pre-S2 region of the second sample MR03 does not show 100% homology with any of the reported sequence<...

 Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Maqsood Ahmad*, Gulshan Riaz* and Sartaj Khan*

PERFORMANCE OF SUMMER FORAGE LEGUMES AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUBSEQUENT OAT CROP IN SUBTROPICAL SUBHUMID POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
...luded that cereal legume sequenced cropping system gave overall higher yield of the cropping system. Inclusion of tropical forage legumes into the current cereal based farming system of Pothwar would not only increase forage availability to the underfed livestock of the area resulting in the increased livestock production but will also improve the N fertility of the soil. Potentially higher production of the subsequent non-leguminous crops will result as resid...
Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1,2,, Shan Liang1, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro2, Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado2, Nasir Rajput2, Muhammad Naeem2, Fahmida Parveen2 andYongjie Liu1*
...n the comparison of gene sequence four unique mutations were found in the amino acid of HA (A144T, R158K, D291N, L383F) and NA (T19A, V33L, V82A, S336N). The HA and NA genetic evolution analysis revealed that one isolate was most similar to the newly isolated H3N2 viruses from dogs in China and had the same evolutionary branching. The result provided a foundation for further studies on biological characteristics of CIV.
...
Yanling Xia1,2, Heping Li2, Yuntao Liang2, Jichen Zhao2, Binshan Lu2 and Di Liu1,*
...n the present study cDNA sequence of the full coding region of the Vps26A gene was successfully cloned from antler tip of the Sika deer (Cervus nippon hortulorum). The Vps26A cDNA contains an open reading frame of 984bp encoding a polypeptide with 327 amino acids. The deduced molecular mass and isoelectric point of Vps26A protein were 38.2 kDa and 6.13, respectively. Glutamic acid had the largest proportion (10.4%) in the primary structure. Homol...

Anza Zahid*, Muhammad Ali Ayub, Mujtaba Saeed, Nasir Pasha, Abdul Jabbar Dar, Huzaifa Javed, Aimen Shakeel, Amna Nasir, Ana Akbar, Zainab Tarrar and Ayesha Humayun 

... results in avoidable consequences and complications. In order to determine the magnitude and factors of non-compliance to physicians’ advice in diabetics attending outpatients, a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in outpatient diabetic clinics of Shaikh Zayed and Services Hospitals in Lahore. Results presented in this study are based on 177 patients investigated for 3 months (April 2014-June 2014). Subjects were conveniently enrolled after ...
Ali Haider Saleem1,*, Khalid Javed2, Masroor Ellahi Babar3, Tanveer Hussain3, Asad Ali2, Afzal Ali2, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Zahid Farooq1 and Muhammad Dawood2
... animals and humans. The sequence variations have been studied, reported and associated with many growth traits like weaning weight, six month body weight and nine-month body weight etc. in cattle, buffalo, goat and sheep worldwide. LEP gene polymorphism and associations have not been extensively reported in Lohi sheep of Pakistan, so this study aimed to find any variations in gene sequence and possible association with grow...
Humaira Jabeen and Nazia Jamil*
... to 100% similarity with sequences available in public domains.
...
Nazish Imran 
...sorders with lifelong consequences, undermines compliance with health regimens and reduces the capacity of societies to be safe and productive”.(2) More than half of all mental disorders have an onset in childhood and adolescence with suicide being the third leading cause of death among adolescents.(1), (3) Child & adolescent mental health thus needs to be conside...
Riyadh S. Aljumaah*, Mohammed A. Alshaikh, Abdulrahman Jarelnabi, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman and Mansour F. Hussein
... effects and economic consequences of neosporosis in camels.
...
Ligia Neves Scuarcialupi, Laila Andreia Rodrigues Beserra, Julia Rosas Hochheim, Rodrigo Martins Soares, Fabio Gregori*
...al VP6-coding nucleotide sequence of each viral group. Amplicons were further submitted to genetic sequencing and analyzed by phylogenetic analysis. There were 5 RVF positive samples (5.15%) in 2 broilers, 1 laying hen and 2 breeders. Only one RVG sample (1.03%) was detected in laying hen, in coinfection with RVF. This data contributes to a better understanding of rotavirus distribution in Brazil.
...

Osama Elshazly1, AbdelSatar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2, Ismaeil M. Reda2 and Hussein A. Hussein2*

...ength hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of six representative H5N1 isolates were analysed to study their genetic evolution followed by estimation of their evolutionary rates among different virus clusters. This analysis revealed a high evolution rate for clade 2.2.1.2. Additionally, analysis of selection pressures in the HA gene revealed a positive selection pressure. Deduced amino acid analysis revealed characteristic mutations at HA antigenic sites besides two ot...

Nadia Faqir1, Aish Muhammad2*, Ghulam Muhammad Ali2, Armghan Shehzad2, Hafeez Ur Rahman3, Farhatullah4 and Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder

...sition of date fruit and sequence analysis of two genes (maturase k and geranyl geranyl biphosphate reductase) from chloroplast region. Analysis of variance has revealed significant variation among the studied date palm samples pertaining to the studied physical traits and chemical composition of fruit. Sequences of the maturase k gene has complete identity to the reference genome of ‘Khalas’ cultivar. While gera...
Shuai Shang1,2, Honghai Zhang2,*, Xiaoyang Wu2, Qinguo Wei2, Jun Chen1, Huanxin Zhang1, Huaming Zhong2 and Xuexi Tang1,*
...es based on their genome sequences and our previous study, including thirteen carnivorous species and one omnivorous species. Then, we constructed a phylogenetic tree using Tas2r genes sequences from these fifteen species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that most Tas2r genes of raccoon dogs were closed to other canid-species, indicating that the Tas2r genes were very conservative. Besides, we also detected...

Abdur Rehman1*, Wang Jian2, Noor Khan3 and Raheel Saqib

... model. The practical consequences indicated that the normal distribution model is not appropriate used in evaluating the major crops market risk due to various degrees of market risk in various crops such as the cotton and soybean crops with higher levels of market risk, while the coarse grain rice with the medium risk level and finally the corn and wheat with lower levels of market risk. According to the results, the crops having similar characteristics belo...
Baoying Guo*1, Yu Chen1, Chuan Zhang2, Zhenming Lv1, Kaida Xu3, Hongling Ping4 and Huilai Shi4
...ae species.
...
Jun Chen1, Shuai Shang2, Xiaoyang Wu1, Jiakuo Yan1, Huaming Zhong1, Huanxin Zhang2, Weilai Sha1, Wanchao Zhu1 and Honghai Zhang1,*
...zed 100,180 high-quality sequences of the 16S rRNA gene obtained from fecal samples from three cape oryx animals, one female and two males. At the 3% level in our research, we found 3959, 4553, and 3930 operational taxonomical units (OTUs). Additionally, the three samples have 754 OTUs in common, which comprised 19.59%, 16.55%, and 19.81% of the reads in C1, C2 and C3. We identified 18 prokaryotic phyla in these animals, but most of the gut flora belonged to t...

Fatma Abdallah1*, Ola Hassnain2, Elsayed Attar3, Haytham Ali3,5, Mohamed Megahed1 and Venugopal Nair

...ied consensus amino acid sequences of Meq proteins possess several amino acid mutations associated with the MDV virulence and a unique distortion in the Proline repeats (Proline-to-Alanine) at position 176 in the Egyptian MDV strains. The Phylogenetic analysis grouped the eight analysed sequences with the previously investigated Meq from Egypt (2011-2013) together with the very virulent European and Chinese MDV isolates. The...
Xi-wen Chen1,2, Qian Wang1,3, Miao Yin1, Zhong-hui Pu1,2, Ai-wei Guo3, Lian Li 1,3, Wen-tao Luo1,3 and Xiong-qing Wang1,*
...iv>Given the economic consequences of infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) for the global swine industry a rapid and practical early detection assay is required. This study established a reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay to detect PRRSV. Four primers were designed targeting the ORF5 gene of PRRSV were designed. Reverse transcription and amplification of the viral RNA using AMV rev...
Selçuk Kaplan
...egion were amplified and sequenced to identify nucleotide variations in Anatolian water buffaloes. Sequence analysis were revealed seven polymorphic site (G1072A, T1081C, T1131G, T1143C, T1145G, T1151G and C1221T) and one monomorphic site (C1071T) in Anatolian water buffaloes. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study that fully describes seven polymorphic sites of bubaline leptin gene in Anatolian water buffaloes...
Abdul Wajid1,*, Asma Basharat2, Muhammad Akbar Shahid3, Sidra Tul Muntaha1, Abdul Basit4, Tanveer Hussain5, Muhammad Farooq Tahir6, Muhammad Azhar7, Masroor Ellahi Babar1 and Shafqat Fatima Rehmani2
...or recent outbreaks, the sequence analysis of hexon gene of 10 isolates associated with IBH and HPS was determined. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on direct sequencing of hypervariable region of hexon gene grouped these sequences into two distinct groups, three FAdV isolates were clustered together belonging to fowl adenoviruses C species and serotype FAdV-4. The simila...
Fangxiao Dong1,2, Xuan Luo1,2, Delu Yuan1,2, Aixin Liang1,2* and Liguo Yang1,2*
...sed to tPA signal sequence was succesfully constructed and identified in MCF-7 cells. Subsequently, thirty female mice randomly were divided into three groups, treating with 50 μg pEGS/2SS-tPA (group T1), 50 μg pEGS/2SS (group T2), and 50 μg pEGFP-N1 (Control group) at weeks 0, 2, 4 and 6. Mating with male mice was performed at 2 weeks post final immunization. Results showed that mice both in T1 and T2 groups elicited significantly stronger ant...
Maryam Javed*, Farwa Saghir, Naveera Aziz, Maham Saeed, Asif Nadeem and Wasim Shehzad
...ncing was used. Multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that sheep and goat were having the wild base Guanine against which the cattle and buffalo depicted the mutant form Adenine. Results of this study illustrated the genetic tendency of large domestic bovines towards aggression and attack, so they should be handled with great caution.
...

Ahmed Zein Elabdeen Mahmoud1, Muaz Magzob Abdellatif2* and Mohamed Abdelsalam Abdalla

...N gene was amplified and sequenced from sheep and goats (n=12). Nucleotide identity among Hail strains was identified to be 96.2-100%, while identity with previously sequenced Saudi Arabian strains and with reference PPRV retrieved from GenBank was found to be 94.1-98% and 81.2-100%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Hail PPRV strains clustered in four separate groups within lineage IV indicating genetic dive...
Tanveer Hussain1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar1, Marcos De Donato2, Abdul Wajid1, Asif Nadeem3, Zahoor Ahmad3, Waqas Ahmad Khan4, Sunday O. Peters5 and Ikhide G. Imumorin6
...d changes in the protein sequence. The UPGMA tree showed a clear differentiation between taurine and indicine cattle, except mitochondrial taurine sequences in Lohani and Nari Master breeds. The within-breed estimates of divergence were very low in all breeds except for Nari Master (mixed-bred). The estimates of divergence among breeds were also low for most breed pairs, except for Nari Master and Dhanni. While the overall g...
Wang-Dui Basang1, Tian-Wu An2, Luo-Bu Danjiu3, Yan-Bin Zhu1, Shi-Cheng He3, Xiao-Lin Luo2, Wei-Wei Ni4, Xiao Wang4, Shu-Zhu Cheng4, Jian Wang4 and Guang-Xin E4,*
...ndrial DNA D-loop region sequence. In total, 57 polymorphic sites, including 54 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 3 single-nucleotide copy number variants, and 59 haplotypes were detected. The number of haplotypes within the population ranged from 17 (SN and JL) to 28 (DX). The haplotype diversity ranged from 0.9420 (SN) to 0.9770 (NR). The highest nucleotide diversity was found in the JL population (0.01479), whereas the lowest was found in the SN (0.00894)...
Wei Meng1,3, Tianyan Yang2,*, Yunguo Liu1, Mahmut Halik1 and Tianxiang Gao2
... system (16, 667bp) were sequenced. Besides, their genetic characteristics were also identified and compared simultaneously. Genetic distance and sequence differentiation suggested that great genetic variation existed within species and the sample from Kaidu River in South Xinjiang might be a cryptic species or subspecies of G. dybowskii. The phylogenetic analyses from 12 concatenated H-strand-encoding protein genes w...

Muhammad Amir Maqbool1*, Muhammad Aslam1, Waseem Akbar2, Muhammad Waheed Anwar3 and Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar

...rent studies. Amino acid sequences of major intrinsic proteins of chickpea, barrel medic and maize were retrieved from NCBI database followed by BLASTP. Pairwise and multiple alignment of sequences was done by using ClustalX software, and phylogenetic trees were constructed by using MEGA5 software. Medicago truncatula found to have total 35 MIPs which further comprised of 10 MtPIPs, 6 MtTIPs, 17 MtNIPs and 2 MtSIPs. Cicer ar...
Zisha Liu1, Na Song1, Takashi Yanagimoto2, Zhiqiang Han3, Bonian Shui3 and Tianxiang Gao3,*
...tamblyopus sp.) were sequenced, their genomic structure examined, and their genome organization, arrangement and codon usage analyzed. Phylogenetic Bayesian and ML analyses were conducted, using a concatenated set of 12 protein-coding genes, and adding 16 other species of gobies (Gobiidae). The mitogenome sequences of O. lacepedii, O. rebecca and Odontamblyopus sp. were all circular double-strand mol...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Rashid Mushtaq1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2, Sumaira Maqsood3, Ishita Ahuja4 and Atle M. Bones4
...iseased insect. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed to compare SlNPV- FSD15 based on Lef-8 with other Lef-8genes sequences clearly showed that our SlNPV-FSD15 isolate belongs to Spodoptera litura associated NPVs. The biological activities of this NPV isolates were investigated under laboratory condition. The highest mortality of S. litura was observed at ear...
Binbin Shan, Yan Liu, Changping Yang, Shengnan Liu and Dianrong Sun*
... we predicted the coding sequences of 13,072 unigenes and obtained 9,222 SSRs in the present study. The whole transcriptome is an important foundation for future genomic research on the P. penicillatus and can provide comprehensively understanding and further characterizations of transcriptomes of non-model organisms.
...
Lamiaa Elsayed Mokhtar Deef
...hondrial 12S rRNA genes, sequences of both genes were placed in the GenBank publication database (Accession numbers are KF783143 and KJ193305) and (Accession numbers are M95109, KF783175, AC175224 and AC160876) of Cyt b and 12S rRNA respectively. Furthermore, DNA barcoding is a widely used molecular-based identification system which aids in identifying species. 
...
Qiang Li1,2, Guo Qiao2, Li Wang1, Jipeng Zhang1, Ruijun Li1, Ping Ni1, Yi Guo1 and Shigen Ye1,*
...ed through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and Vibrio spp.-specific PCR amplification, followed by pathogenicity determination. Results showed that the isolates belonged to 10 genera, including Vibrio (72%), Staphylococcus (9%), Pseudomonas (4%), Bacillus (4%), Vagococcus (3%), Shewanella (3%), Planococcus migula (4%), Exiguobacterium (1%), Enterobacter (1%) and Kocuria roseus (1%). <...
Soumble Zulfiqar1, Khuram Shehzad1, Sana Tahir1, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim2 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,2,3,*
...lement, poses serious consequences at elevated concentrations. The bacterial cell utilizes a battery of copper detoxification and exclusion mechanisms of which multicopper oxidase (CueO) is an integral component. In addition to acting as copper regulatory elements, CueOs have been shown to possess laccase activity. In this study, we have cloned and over-expressed the CueO of locally isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae KW strain. The CueO protein was pur...
Fehmeeda Fatima, Asif Nadeem* and Maryam Javed
... gene has been partially sequenced (1344 bp) to study genetic diversity and evolutionary characteristics of Sindh ibex. In this research, samples of Sindh ibex were collected from Kirthar National Park, Sindh, Pakistan, the gene of interest was amplified, PCR products were sequenced and data was analyzed. The results of genetic diversity indicated that Parsimony informative sites were found to be 11 while Singleton variable ...

Sadaf Niaz1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Asif Nadeem1, Misbah Hussain1, Riffat Mehboob3*, Fridoon Jawad Ahmad3

Mutation analysis of RING1 domain of Parkin in early onset of Parkinson’s disease in Pakistani patients-a pilot study
...ously. In current study, sequence analysis of RING1 domain of Parkin
protein was performed in a sample set of 30 patients (selected from different areas of Punjab, Pakistan) to find out
any Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).No SNP was detected in RING1 domain that could be related to the
disease. The data suggests that no genetic predisposition in RING1 domain may be responsible for the occurrence of
disease in local population. ...

Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3* 

...ers on the causes and consequences of environmental degradation is relatively new in Pakistan. With these farmers constituting the vast majority of the agricultural population there is an urgent need for extension to come to their aid. Climate smart agricultural practices should be integrated in extension training and practice in Pakistan. 

...
Gangchun Xu1,2, Fukuan Du2, Yuyu Wang2, Yan Li2, Zhijuan Nie2 and Pao Xu1,2,*
... full-length genomic DNA sequence of PTGES2a is 3,222 bp long, and composed of seven exons and six introns. The full-length genomic DNA sequence of PTGES2b is 1,908 bp long, and composed of six exons and five introns. PTGES2a was strongly expressed in the gills and liver while PTGES2b was strongly expressed in the gills and testis. Expression of both PTGES2a and PTGES2b decreased fro...
Zhiwen Zou, Jianfei Xi, Fen Chen, Rui Xu, Tianrong Xin and Bin Xia*
...e mitochondrial CO1 gene sequence of seven Amblyseiinae species, collected from four provinces of China, were sequenced, and another seven Amblyseiinae species mt CO1 gene sequenced were download from GenBank. And the phylogenetic relationship between the Amblyseiinae genus and the subspecies was studied. The results showed that four species of Kampimodromus and two species of Eu...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Muhammad Jafir1, Muhammad Wajid Javed1, Sumaira Maqsood3 and Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*
...ylogenetic analysis with sequences submitted at NCBI database revealed that DCB have 99-100% similarity with Oxycarenus hyalinipennis OH1 (JQ342987.1), Oxycarenus hyalinipennis OH2 (JQ342988.1) reported from USA. This is the first report of molecular identification and DNA barcoding of Oxycarenus hyalinipennis infesting cotton from Pakistan. DCB is becoming alarming pest, so, this study will be highly helpful to observe DCB correct identif...
Madeeha Khalid and Amtul Jamil Sami*
...f very similar conserved sequences making this gene a challenging candidate to analyze. Almost 90% of the sequence of growth hormone gene family members is similar and prone to single nucleotide variations. The sequence variation occurring in the non-coding region of the GH-1 gene leads to altered transcriptional regulation causing various developmental defects in humans. In this report, w...
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Guang-Xin E2,*, Hui Ran1, Da-Hui Wang1 and Tian-You Yang1
...ou Province using 516-bp sequences of the mitochondrial D-Loop region. In total, 63 polymorphic sites, including four single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 59 parsimony-informative sites, and 18 haplotypes were detected. The number of haplotypes within populations ranged from one (WS and DJ) to six (JK). Haplotype diversity ranged from 0.000 (DJ and WS) to 0.793 (JK). The largest amount of nucleotide diversity was found in the SQ population (0.03111 ), whereas t...
Luo Lei1, Xingxing Deng1, Dengyue Yuan2, Zonglin Zheng1, Chengke Zhu1, Hui Luo1, Baohai Li3, Hua Ye1,* and Chaowei Zhou1,3,*
...fied the npy cDNA sequence. Furthermore, we examined the npy mRNA distribution in 21 tissues and investigated the effect of its expression at different nutritional levels. Herein, we found that gibel carp npy has an Open Reading Frame (ORF) containing 291 bp. Moreover, the expression of npy was detected in all tested tissues, with the hypothalamus showing the highest expression in gibel carp. The npy mRNA expression in the hy...

Khadim Hussain Wagan1*, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano1 and Abdul Ghani Lanjar2 

...as characterized through sequence and phylogenetic analysis. There was significant variation (Df= 54, F=7.4, P=0.0000) among cfu per gram of M. phaseolina in soil samples collected during field survey at different districts of Sindh during 2015 and 2016 growing year. In soil sample maximum 41.371 cfu per gram of M. phaseolina with range of 27.00-48.40 were counted from Badin during 2016 followed by 40.2 with range of 27.00-45.20 during 2015 growing season. The...

 Sohaib Afzaal1, Usman Hameed2, Nasir Ahmad3,*, Naeem Rashid3 and Muhammad Saleem Haider1

...med by 16S ribosomal DNA sequences and strain level differentiation was carried out by sugar fermentation tests. These strains were further analyzed for their ability to produce lactic acid. Overall, Leuconostoc mesenteroides was found as pre-dominant group (41.1% prevalence) among LAB strains in the isolated food samples. Some opportunistic pathogens were also isolated from these media. Among the tested strains maximum amount of lactic acid (26.457 mg/...

 Tazeen Jamil, Saba Ijaz, Rabia Arif*, Faiza Akram and Muhammad Saleem

...of Ty1-copia were sequenced. In this way, strains from the contrasting environments were successfully discriminated on the basis of retrotransposons.

...
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
...s based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both isolates belong to the same specie Anoxybacillus rupiensis with 99% similarity under Accession number KF254911 (JF82) and KC849452 (JF83). The DNA G + C contents were 56.854% and 56.754% for A. rupiensis JF82 and A. rupiensis JF83, respectively. The isolates grew over a wide range of temperatures (40-70°C) and pH (4-9). The isolates exhibited growth with variety of nitrogen sources....
Zhaochao Deng1, Jingchen Chen1, Na Song2, Yongzhen Li3 and Zhiqiang Han1,*
...l DNA control region was sequenced. 17 polymorphic sites were obtained defining 7 haplotypes in the South China Sea population. Contrary to heterogeneous expectation, AMOVA and pairwise FST values showed that the genetic differences in this region were all non-significant. The pattern of population demography showed a stable model in this species in the South China Sea population. To reveal its population structure within the large-scale geog...
Zhaochao Deng1, Na Song2, Yongzhen Li3, Tianxiang Gao1 and Zhiqiang Han1,*
...l DNA control region was sequenced. We collected a total of 65 individuals from three archipelagos (Xisha, Zhongsha and Nansha) in the South China Sea and 107 polymorphic sites were obtained defining 39 haplotypes. Based on the NJ tree, two distinct lineages were detected, with strong frequency differences in the geographical distribution. Both lineages were found in Xisha and Zhongsha archipelagos, but only one lineage (lineage B) was detected in Nansha archi...
SiRui Wang1,2, Fekede Regasa Joka1,2, XiaoLong Wang1,2,* and SuYing Bai2,*
...s, were selected.The sequences of the GTPase effector domain (GED) of the Mx gene were determined by PCR sequencing. The haplotypes were analysed by DNA SP software. The Datamonkey Adaptive Evolution Server was used to detect the selection pressure. Phylogenetic analyses of the reported sequences of jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) and the 10 tested birds were performed. A total of 10 nucleotide
Fukuan Du1,2, Yongkai Tang1, Juhua Yu1, Shengyan Su1, Fan Yu1, Jianlin Li1, Hongxia Li1, Meiyao Wang1 and Pao Xu1,2,*
...ation. In this study, we sequenced the brain transcriptome of C. nasus using Illumina Hiseq 4000 platform. We obtained 123,764 unigenes with an average length of 1092 bp and a total of 115,169 putative Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs). Among them, 37 SSRs were selected for the validation experiments. All of the loci were found to be polymorphic and showed bi-allelic in 60 individuals of C. nasus. These SSR marker...
Bingbing Gao1, Na Song1, Zhonglu Li2, Tianxiang Gao3 and Liqin Liu3,*
...t of China. The complete sequences of Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene of 163 individuals collected from 6 locations were obtained and used for genetic analysis. No insertion or deletion were found among 26 mutation loci and 27 haplotypes were detected. All six populations were characterized by low haplotype diversity (0.39–0.59) and low nucleotide diversity (0.00038–0.00073). The result of AMOVA and pairwise Fst values indi...
Iram Gull*, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Imran Tipu, Roohi Mushtaq and Muhammad Amin Athar
...cient overlapping of the sequences especially those derived from authenticated native sequences. Certain forbidden sequences do appear at junction of spliced genes whenever efficiency of gene fusion is improved by inserting GC rich sequences. In this study, reliable scar-less gene fusion with the insertion of sequence ...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
...ectiveness in decreasing sequence was found to be Nitenpyram, Buprofezin, clothianidin and momentum (75%), (65%) (64%) and (63%), respectively against whiteflies’ population.
...
Abdur Rauf Nizami*
...Formation is a carbonate sequence of the Middle Jurassic age and is widely distributed in the Upper Indus Basin, northern Pakistan. This formation belongs to the Baroch Group and is mainly comprised of limestones, which were thought to be a prospective fossils archive. The Samana Suk Formation with a primary thickness of 43.27m is exposed at the Chichali Gorge Section. A total of 108 limestone rock samples were collected from 51 beds. The formation was investi...
Songhao Zhang1, Yiwen Gong1, Jian Xu1, Mou Hu2, Peng Xu3 and Yanliang Jiang1,2,4,*
...as used as the reference sequences. Comparing the skin and blood transcriptome files showed that 2,767 unigenes were significantly differentially expressed, including 1,663 genes up-regulated and 1,806 down-regulated in purse red carp. Moreover, gene pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes was conducted. We proposed the skin color and body shape depended upon at least four pathways including melanin biosynthesis, TGF-beta signaling, Wnt signalin...
Zhengfei Wang*, Dan Tang, Xuejia Shi, Huayun Guo, Xiuping Chen, Daizheng Zhang and Boping Tang*
... compared to orthologous sequences using PAML, Datamonkey, and TreeSAAP. Nine mitochondrial PCGs (ATP6, ATP8, COX1, COX3, CYTB, ND1, ND2, ND4, and ND5) were validated to have undergone positive selection (i.e., directional selection) in vent crabs by at least two methods. A series of putatively selected codons was localized in or close to the important functional regions (protein binding region and helical transmembrane region) in the mitochondri...

Muhammad Yasin1, Romana Shahzadi1, Muhammad Riaz2, Mahideen Afridi2, Wajya Ajmal3, Obaid Ur Rehman2, Nazia Rehman3, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1,3, Muhammad Ramzan Khan1,2,3* 

...could be identified. The sequence analysis of BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like demonstrated that these genes are 747 bp and 735 bp in size, respectively. The nucleotide alignments revealed 98% identity of BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like with BnSHP1 and BnSHP2 sequences. The sequence homology was estimated to be 95 and 96% at amino acid level for BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like genes, respectively. The ...

Amany Adel, Wesam Mady*, Zienab Mosad, Fatema Amer, Asmaa Shaaban, Dalia Said, Marwa Ali Abdel Maged, Abdel-Satar Arafa, Mohamed Kamal Morsi, Mohamed Khalifa Hassan 

...Genetically, the genetic sequence for the Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) of circulating Egyptian viruses are belonging to the Middle East G1- like viruses in group B that were closely related to each other and scattered phylogenetically in different subgroups with the presence of variant viruses in the quail during 2015. 

...
Zhimin Yuan1, Yan Yu2, Yanmei Wang1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...V1−V2 regions were sequenced using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform to study the bacterial community of both the stomach and the intestine of H. alaschanicus. A total of 21, 336 and 34, 188 high quality reads of microbiota were obtained from the stomach and intestinal tract of H. alaschanicus, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses showed that the gastrointestinal bacteria were mainly classified into five phyla, dominated by Prote...

Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3 

...e and deduced amino acid sequences for VP2 hypervariable region of selected five IBDV field isolates were determined and compared to well characterized reference and vaccine strains worldwide. The IBD virus was detected in 9 out of 16 (56.25 %) investigated chicken flocks. Sequence analysis revealed that the analyzed Egyptian isolates identified as very virulent Infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). The identity between ...

Amany Adel, Wesam Mady*, Zienab Mosaad, Fatma Amer, Asmaa Shaaban, Dalia Said, Marwa Ali, Abdel-Satar Arafa, Mohamed Kamal Morsi and Mohamed Khalifa Hassan  

...Genetically, the genetic sequence for the Hemagglutinin (HA) of 38 viruses circulating Egyptian viruses during 2015 and 2016 were belonging to the Middle East G1- like viruses and scattered phylogenetically in different subgroups with the presence of variant viruses in the quail during 2015.  

...
Farah Bilal*, Abdulmohsen Alhejaily, Shahida Husnain
...ge in PIK3CA gene sequence plays vital role in several cancers including lung cancer. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of common nucleotide changes (E545K/E542K and H1047R/H1047L) occur in PIK3CA gene in non smoker patients of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Somatic mutational analysis was done by QMC-PCR following direct sequencing with sangers’ method. Only one sample detected p.E545K mutation at c.1633G>A. Anot...
Jingchen Chen, Zhaochao Deng and Zhiqiang Han*
...ole mitochondrial genome sequence of Ammodytes personatus, and compared with Sanger sequencing results. Three samples belonging to two lineages of A. personatus mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were used in the study. Based on the complete mtDNA sequence, the genetic distance between the two lineages is 0.064. Results show that the total sequence lengths of the three samples of A...
Lusha Liu1,*, Lei Cheng2, Xingqi Zhang3, Yulong Li1 and Jianping Jiang1,*
...specially from expressed sequences is currently very limited in this species and the genus Microhyla. A total of 17,339 potential microsatellites were identified in 15,385 unigenes which were generated by Illumina paired-end sequencing in M. fissipes. Within all microsatellites, AG/CT, AAG/CTT, and AAAG/CTTT are most prevalent motif in each repeat class. We randomly selected 61 unigenes with the microsatellite to design primers and do genetic ana...

Yasir Ali1,2*, Bashir Ahmad1, Naqeebullah Jogezai3 and Adil Hussain

...iochemistry and 16s rRNA sequence, the PAK-01 was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. MG662181 and PAK-03 was identified and tagged as Pseudomonas sp. MG687270. Based upon genetic signatures and physiological parameters, our strain presented less than 79% of homology to Stenotrophomonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp. which makes it a novel species. Both of the strains were non-pathogenic and potentially industrial strains for the production of thermolabile protease an...

Wesam Mady*, Nahed Yehia, Mohammed Hassan Elhussieny, Azhar Gaber Shalaby, Moataz Mohamed El Sayed, Neveen Rabie Bakry, Asmaa Shaaban, Abdel Satar Arafa, Afaf Abdel Baset Mahmoud and Wafaa Mohammed Hassan 

...ated in Upper Egypt. The sequence of partial HA gene was performed for 10 positive samples and they were genetically characterized as HPAIV H5N8 belongs to clade 2.3.4.4b. Except three isolates in 2018 belongs to clade 2.3.4.4A, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that our sequenced viruses were clustered together in group B Russian like reassortant H5N8 viruses of clade 2.3.4.4.  

...
Ghaleb Adwan*, Sami Bdir and Kamel Adwan
...enetic analyses based on sequences of the ITS2 region of the nuclear rDNA revealed that C. melanopsi palestinia I belongs to the family Lecithodendriidae Luhe, 1901, and it could be placed in the genus, or closely related to known Lecithodendrium. Analysis of ITS1 rDNA indicates that Cercaria melanopsi palestinia III belongs to the family Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925. The present study supported the presence of non-virgulate xiphidiocercariae a...
Khansa Nazir1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Humayun Javed2
... to their detrimental consequences, the management of plant parasitic nematodes using nanoparticles can be one of the important alternatives. In the present study, the nematicidal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was investigated against the most destructive root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). The maximum mortality of juveniles was recorded at a concentration of 100 mg/ml followed by 75 mg/ml of AgNP. The minimum mortality was recorded wi...
Nida Zia1, *, Ayesha Maqbool2, Muhammad Safdar3, Umm-I-Habiba1, Altaf Mehmood4, Muhammad Usman5, Zahid Iqbal6, Javed Iqbal6, Shahid Mehmood6, Amanullah Khan7 and Sajid Umar8
...itive PCR amplicons were sequenced to genetically identify the FAdVs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct clusters among FAdVs. One cluster containing 3 strains belonged to the FAdV- C species and serotyped as FAdV-4 and showed close proximity at the nucleotide level. The other cluster containing three strains belonged to the FAdV-D species and serotyped as FAdV-11. Furthermore, the sequencing analysis of detected field strains revealed the high simila...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1*, Taiba Sharif3, Samina J.N. Ahmad2, Sumaira Maqsood4 and Fariha Zafar3 
...specimens indicated that sequences of B. dorsalis, B. cucurbitae and B. zonata have 99-100% similarity with fruit flies reported from other countries. This is the first report of molecular identification and characterization of Tephritid fruit flies infesting fruits in Punjab, Pakistan. 
...
Gul Afshan1,2,*, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Sumaira Mehboob2, Muhammad Tahir Javed Khan1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*
...ple alignment with other sequences showed nucleotide variations of HCV3a E2 compared with already reported sequences. A total of 140 (11%) point mutations were found in Pakistan’s gene sequence, out of which general and specific differences were 93 (9%) and 47 (4%), respectively. The general differences usually occur in common population while the specific differences are present onl...
Huma Sattar1, Sehrish Firyal1,*, Ali Raza Awan1, Habib-Ur -Rehman2, Muhammad Sajid Hasni3 and Amjad Islam Aqib4*
...tion of molecular marker sequences that are directly related to immunity against mastitis might be helpful for animal selection trait and prevention of this disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of polymorphism in bovine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene on immune function and its role in mastitis susceptibility in Pakistani Sahiwal cows. In this study, a total of 150 Sahiwal cows were selected suffering from clinic...
Irfan Irshad1, Asim Aslam1,*, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Kamran Ashraf2, Beenish Zahid3 and Abdul Wajid4
... hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences of the two AIV was performed and phylogenetic analysis reveals genetically closely-related to H9N2 viruses classified into Mideast group-B and sub-lineage B2. The two strains classified as LPAIV in poultry based on amino acid sequence at the proteolytic cleavage-site of the HA gene with PAKSSR/G. Our findings highlight the potential risk of ND and AI in poultry and continued active surveill...
Lin Qi, Lu Li, Danyang Chen, Mingxiao Liu, Yan Wu and Wei Hu*
...ely. The full amino-acid sequence of the monomericpeptide was analyzed by sequential Edman degradation using a protein/peptide sequencer. The antibacterial activity of the protein monomer in antlerplate was studied by disc diffusion method, and the antibacterial ring diameter of each antibacterial agent was measured to determine its antibacterial ability. The molecular mass and purity of this polypeptide was 18.970kDa and 90...
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Naimat Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Asfandyar Khan2, Kashif Prince1,*, Mahboob Ali1, Ghazunfar Rashid1 and Azmat Ulah Khan2

Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas1,2*, Adewumi Moses Olubusuyi1, Olayinka Olaitan Titilola3 and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,3 

...plicons was successfully sequenced and identified as Echovirus 1. Illumina sequencing of the three 5l-UTR positive isolates confirmed the E1 isolate and typed the remaining two as EV-Ds (94 and 111). We describe the first EV-D isolates of Nigerian origin and the first complete capsid sequence of the virus globally. We also show that NR-CPE could sometimes be caused by EVs that do not produce R-CPE in specific cell lines. &nb...

Adewumi Moses Olubusuyi1, Ogunsakin Temitope Rachael1, Ogunrombi Sefiu Babatunde1, Ojeamiren Iduda1, Olawole Alaba Samuel1, Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas1,2* and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,3 

... the only from L20B were sequenced and identified as seven EV types; Coxsackievirus A4 (CV-A4), CV-A6, CV-A13, CV-A17 (both RD and L20B), CV-B2, Echovirus 9 (E9) and Enterovirus A76 (EV-A76). Our findings suggest some enteroviruses are present in and might be replicating in RD cell line without producing CPE. We also report the existence of CV-A6 genotype E (possibly sub-Saharan Africa restricted). 

...
Tasleem Akhtar1,2,Ghazanfar Ali1,*, Nuzhat Shafi2 and Abdul Rauf2
...ochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences. The average nucleotide length of 16S rRNA in 45 samples ranged from 1527 to 1552 bps. Five haplotypes (h) were observed, with haplotype diversity (Hd) 0.5323±0.080. Among 5 haplotypes, 2, 2 and 1 haplotype were detected in S. plagiostomus, S. niger and S. esocinus, respectively. Haplotype diversity was lowest and same in S. esocinus, S. niger and S. progastus (0.0001) and highest in S. p...

Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz, Muhmmad Ansar, Muhmmad Rasheed, Ajaz Ahmad, Lubna Ayub Durani and Muhmmad Bilal Ali 

...as main treatment, Crops sequence as subplot included were fallow–wheat (Triticum aestivum), (FW, control), mungbean (Vigna radiata)–wheat (MW), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)–wheat (SW), green manure–wheat (GW) and mungbean-chickpea (MC) (Cicer arietinum). In summer in 2010-11 the highest nitrogen (N) concentration was under MT with GW (5.5 mg kg-1), 2011-12 it was more in GW (6.13 mg kg-1) under MP. In winter from second year it was highes...
Memis Ozdemir
...etermine whether the DNA sequence of the Prl gene exon 3 or exon 4 in cattle breeds has the RsaI polymorphic digestion site. As a result of the study, it has been seen that the Prl/RsaI specificpolymorphic site is on exon 4 in Bos taurus cattle breeds, but have been not detected the RsaI restriction enzyme digestion site in Prl gene exon 3 region reported by many literature and, these results also have been appr...

Betül Ayça Dönmez, Sarbesh Das Dangol and Allah Bakhsh* 

...terrupted by an intronic sequence, under the control of 35S CaMV promoter. After transformation, we analyzed the transformation efficiencies of each of the Agrobacterium strains using the histochemical GUS analysis. The highest gusA gene transfer efficiency rate both for leaf (60%) and internode (100%) explants was observed in cv. Desiree using Agrobacterium strain GV2260, while the highest gene transfer efficiency rate for leaf and internode explants in S. ch...
Shahid Sherzada1,2,4,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan4, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Idrees3, Abdul Wajid2, Muhammad Nauman Sharif3, Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal3, Iram Amin3 and Muhammad Shahid3
...as amplified by PCR. The sequences were evaluated by using bioinformatics tools. The average K2P conspecific, congenric and confamilial genetic distances were 0.22%, 6.71% and 12.33%, respectively. Findings of the present study revealed that DNA barcoding using COI gene is an efficient molecular technique for the exact identification of typical fish species.
...
Peng Chen1,2, Zuhao Huang3,Chaoying Zhu1, Yuqing Han1, Zhifeng Xu1
Guanglong Sun1, Zhen Zhang1, Dongqin Zhao4, Gang Ge1 and Luzhang Ruan1*
...s complete mitochondrial sequences in Gruiformes and Charadriiformes. The total AT content in the 73 species was larger than that of GC. The start codons in protein-coding genes (PCGs) included ATG, GTG, ATT, ATC and ATA, while its stop codons included TAA, TAG, AGG, AGA and the incomplete cipher T. In PCGs, the highest frequency of codon was CTA (Leu). The highest frequency of amino acids was Leu, whereas the lowest was Cys. In phylogenetic analyses, Gruiform...
Javeria Zafar1, Asif Nadeem1*, Maryam Javed1, Fehmeeda Fatima1, Wasim Shehzad1, Ghulam Abbas1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal2 and Muhammad Muddassir Ali1
...akistan. PCR product was sequenced bi-directionally using dideoxy chain termination method after mitochondrial ATPase8/6 genes amplification. Polymorphism, Genetic diversity and Phylogenetic analysis were carried out by the MUSCLE, DnaSP and MEGA6 tools. Total of 20 variations at different positions were found in aligned sequence results. Sequence conservation was observed for the i...
Barkat Ali1,2, Wasim Sajjad1,2,3, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Sahib Zada1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Fariha Hasan1,*
...tified based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Antibacterial activity of the isolates was checked against ATCC strains E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Seven different types of antibiotic discs were used to check the intrinsic resistance of all the isolates to various antibiotics. Interestingly, most of the isolates were found resistant while only a few were susceptible, however, the isolates Lysini...

Sanaullah1, Fazli Rabbi2*, Shahid Ali2, Zeeshan Khan3 and Muhammad Zamin4 

...d in the valley. As a consequence, the livelihoods of the local population were adversely affected. As public financial resources for the development of the area have been meagre in the past, therefore, this study is aimed to estimate tourists’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for development and biodiversity conservation. A well-structured interview schedule was used and face to face interviews were conducted with a total of 264 tourists. Travel Cost Method (TC...

Shazia Akhtar1, Abdul Samad1*, Afshan Gohar1, Muhammad Munir Shahid2, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Arslan Sarwer1, Adnan Khan1 and Karam Ahad1 

...lth and environmental consequences resulting from the misuse of pesticides is alarming. Proper training is required to handle the pesticides for farmers in peach orchards of Swat, Malakand Division. There should also be monitoring of the health status of farm workers.  

...
Huanxin Zhang1,2, Hongshuo Tang3, Jun Chen1, Yu Zang1,2, Xuexi Tang1,2,* and Ying Wang1,2,*
...ed. The available genome sequence of African hunting dog offers us the way to examine the innate immunity of this endangered carnivore. 10 TLR genes (TLR1-10) were initially identified from the African hunting dog and lesser panda. The results showed that most of the TLR genes were very conservative in the African hunting dog. We found 6 of ten TLR genes had the evidence of positive selection, only a small proportion of sites show evidence of selection, rangin...
Umm-i-Habiba1,*, Ayesha Maqbool2, Muhammad Safdar3, Nida Zia1Altaf Mehmood4, Muhammad Usman5, Mehwish Sharif6, Amanullah Khan7 and Sajid Umar8
... the basis of nucleotide sequences of hyper-variable region of the VP2 gene. According to phylogenetic analysis, 5 IBDV strains showed characteristic amino acid signatures in the VP2 gene (A222, I242, I256, I294, S299) and classified as vvIBDV. Furthermore, the sequencing analysis of detected field strains revealed the high similarity and close clustering with vvIBDV strains isolated from neighboring countries, suggesting geo...
Bibi Nazia Murtaza1, Mazhar Saeed Chaudry2, Shamaila Inayat Nadeem1, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4,*
...BstNI recognition sequence at codon 12 while codon 13 was analysed by introducing HaeIII recognition sequence. By using RFLP and sequencing, point mutation substituting the glycine (GGC) to aspartic acid (GAC) was observed at codon 13. The p.G13D or cDNA.230G>A/ g.5590G>A is previously recognized as rs112445441 and being reported for the first time in NHL. By in silico analysis, it is anticipated to ...

Naglaa M. Hagag1*, Mervat E. Hamdy1, Mary A. Sargious1, Sara M. Elnomrosy1, Nahed A. Ahmed1, Ayman A. Hamed1, Ahmed R. Habashi1, Essam I. Ibrahiem1, Mahmoud A. Abdel-Hakim2 and Momtaz A. Shahein

...ic analysis of the study sequences indicates that the circulating FMDV serotype SAT2 viruses were homogeneous and related to Topotype VII. Importantly, the newly emerged viruses were closely related to strains isolated from Libya in 2012 (Topotype VII, lineage 3), with 92–93% amino acid identity, and were clearly separated from SAT2/GVII/Gharbia/Egy/2012 and SAT2/GVII/Alex/Egy/2012 (Topotype VII, lineage 2), indicating a new introduction of FMDV serotype...
Monica Paula Marin1, Elena Narcisa Pogurschi1*, Iuliana Marin2 and Carmen Georgeta Nicolae1
...ng periods, having as consequence fewer recorded milk fever cases. The results obtained can convince the farmers to use volcanic tuff as a food additive in the feeding of dairy cows during the precalving, postcalving and lactation periods, in parallel with ensuring the selenium requirements, because the natural zeolite can improve the reproductive capacity and productive performance of cows, the health status of the resulting calves.
...
Anam Tariq, Alina Gul, Majida Atta Muhammad, Samia Falak and Naeem Rashid*
...d with its native signal sequence and expressed in Escherichia coli. Heterologous gene expression resulted in production of recombinant protein in the cytoplasm which secreted gradually to the extracellular culture medium. Determination of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the recombinant protein, in the extracellular medium, revealed that the 19 amino acid signal peptide was cleaved between Ala19 and G...
Tong Feng, Zilu Zhang, Minghao Qu, Chan Luo, Laiba Shafique, Qingyou Liu and Kuiqing Cui*
... The results of multiple sequence comparison showed that the clones were 99%, 87%, 86%, 85%, 84%, 81%, and 77% similar to the published pig, cow, human, dog, sheep, mouse, and chicken, respectively. It showed that MC1R gene had a high conserved type among different species. The goat MC1R protein has a molecular mass of 34.65 ku, an isoelectric point of 8.70, which is weakly alkaline, and contains seven transmembrane domains typical of cell membrane receptor pr...
Peng Ren1, Xian-Qing Liu1, Chao-Wu Yang2,3, Hua-Rui Du2,3, Xiao-Song Jiang2,3 and Yi-Ping Liu1*
...ere found within 3292 bp sequenced fragments. The allele frequency and genotype frequency of SNP4 (A4812316G) were found to be significantly different (P<0.05) between the case and control groups. However, no significant differences were found in the haplotypes of SNP1 and SNP2 (P>0.05). These results suggest that SNP4 (A4812316G) in the 3’-UTR of the MyD88 gene is linked to genetic resistance to Salmonella Pullorum infe...
Saara Ahmad1,*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Saida Haider3, Zehra Batool4, Laraib Liaquat3, Fatima Ahmed5, Asra Khan1, Tahira Perveen3, Mirza Jawad ul Hasnain6, Saima Khaliq7 and Saad Bilal Ahmed8
Nahed H. Ghoneim, Maha A. Sabry, Zeinab S. Ahmed and Esraa A. Elshafiee*
... the tet (O) gene sequences recovered from the C. jejuni isolates revealed that the strains isolated from chickens and drinking water from the same farm were identical. However, the sequence ofthe tet (O) gene from human isolates was highly similar to that from drinking water isolates. Our findings highlight the presence of MDR Campylobacter strains in chickens and the role of drinking water as a ...
Abdurakhim Kuchboev1, Mehmonjon Egamberdiev2, Rokhatoy Karimova1, Oybek Amirov1 and Mitsuhiko Asakawa3,*
...gnment of the first four sequences of 28S rDNA was revealed a 99-100% similarity to D. dendriticum. Larvae from P. sogdiana snails were 98% similar to Brachylaima sp. In this study, it was confirmed that 2 species of terrestrial snail, X. candacharica and A. gereliana, act as the first intermediate hosts of D. dendriticum, and P. sogdiana snail play a role of intermediate host of Brachylaima sp. in the Fe...
Muhammad Younis Laghari1,2, Zixia Zhao1, Yiwen Gong3, Punhal Lashari1,2, Shangqi Li1, Jian Xu1 , Ateeque Rahman Khooharo4, Jiongtang Li1,* and Yan Zhang1*
...e mainland. One of fifty sequences isolated from SINE element was polymorphic, including six haplotypes with an average sequence divergence of 11.03% (SE = 0.78%). Four haplotypes (MF177501-MF177504) were shared in these four population. However, two specific haplotypes (MF177499-MF177500) were only observed in Hainan population. To simplify procedure and improve effectiveness of identifying the Hainan population, one specif...
Amna Shoaib*, Zoia Arshad Awan and Naureen Akhtar
...;5.8S–ITS4 primers sequence and amplification of ISSR nucleotide sequences using three primers [P01 (AGAG)4 G, P02 (GTG)5, and P03 (GACA)4] confirmed that A. minisclerotigenes and A. flavus are two genetically distinct strains. Furthermore, both strains were qualitatively analyzed for aflatoxins (AFB1 and AFB2) production by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). A polyphasic st...
Mubashra Salim1, Omeira Ibrahim1, Hugo Vilhena2,3,4, Carla Maia5, André Pereira5, Maria Shahzeen1, Shabana Kalsoom1, Asim K. Mahmood6 and Furhan Iqbal1*
...g 16S rDNA as the target sequence. Clinical and epidemiological data was collected in all animals included in the study. M. haemofelis and C. Mycoplasma haemominutum DNA was detected by PCR respectively in 6.8% (10/148) and in 18.2% (27/148) of cat blood samples. Of these, two animals were co-infected with both agents. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was performed in M. haemofelis infected samples. Analysis of risk factors revealed th...
Tasbihullah1, Sadeeq ur Rahman2,*, Tariq Ali3 , Umer Saddique1, Shakoor Ahmad1, Muhammad Shafiq4, Sultan Ayaz2, Hamayun Khan1, Ijaz Ahmad1 Asadullah2, Raheela Taj5, Hafiz Nidaullah6 and Alamgir Khan7
...were harboring insertion sequence common region 1 (ISCR1), which was found to be linked with blaCTXM in 50% (4/8) isolates. Results of the current study indicate contamination of eggs with ESBL-producing E. coli suggesting to improve hygienic process for end consumer during- egg production.
...
Daniel Cocan1, Vioara Mireşan1, Florentina Popescu1, Radu Constantinescu1, Aurelia Coroian1, Călin Laţiu1, Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu3, Alexandru Ştefan Fărcăşanu3 and Cristian Martonos2,*
...n the echo-type RF pulse sequence. In transversal sections, organs, blood vessels, and bone formations appear unchanged in shape, size, appearance and location. For the studied species, the venomous glands, together with the first radius of the pectoral and dorsal fins, as well as the muscular fascicles attached to the radius, are forming the venomous apparatus. Triangular positioning of pectoral and dorsal spines and also of their afferent venomous glands rep...
Boxin Dou, Ying Liu*, Yumeng Liu, Lili Fan, Yongqiang Ma, and Yanguo Shi
...entified. The amino acid sequence of the ACEI was identified as Ile-Thr-Leu or Leu-Thr-Ile. In vitro, ACE inhibition assays showed that the IC50 value of the peptide was 0.0118 mg.ml-1. The inhibitory activity of the peptide slightly increased after incubation with gastrointestinal proteases. It was revealed that the ACE inhibiting activity of isolated peptide was lower than that of e nalapril maleate, however, higher th...
Jiantong Feng, Xueping Wen, Yahong Guo, Yingying Ye*, Jiji Li and Baoying Guo
...on of 12S rRNA gene were sequenced and analyzed for 118 and 105 individuals from five populations (ZS, WZ, ZP, ST and ZJ) in the Southeast coastal areas of China, respectively. Results revealed that 33 haplotypes were defined in COIII gene, and 30 haplotypes were defined in 12S rRNA gene. The pairwise Fst values between the ZS population and other four populations were range from 0.122~0.154 (COIII, P< 0.05) and 0.052~0.228 (12S rRN...
Gulnaz Afzal1, Ghulam Mustafa2*, Shakila Mushtaq3 and Amer Jamil4
...be inferred based on DNA sequences of mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit 1 (CO1). In this study, we distinguished five species of spiders using their CO1 gene sequences and compared them with 40 earlier published sequences, retrieved from GenBank on the bases of maximum similarity index. The sequences of gene encoding CO1 of all fiv...
Aftab Shaukat1,*, Sana Hanif2, Irfan Shaukat3, Muhammad Ahsan Naeem4,5, Shadab Shaukat6, Rizwan Shukat8, Shahid Ali Rajput9, Imran Shaukat10, Mubashar Hassan4, Khalid Mehmood7, Saqib Umar11 and Muhammad Ali Jamil1
...ory miRNA targets, their sequences and their seed location in human using online server miRDB. We have identified 26 specific miRNAs (hsa-miR-939-3p, hsa-miR-661, hsa-miR-2861, hsa-miR-23b-5p, hsa-miR-23a-5p, hsa-miR-4764-5p, hsa-miR-6734-3p, hsa-miR-4441, hsa-miR-4267, hsa-miR-4456, hsa-miR-7847-3p, hsa-miR-6515-5p, hsa-miR-5692b, hsa-miR-4664-5p, hsa-miR-342-5p, hsa-miR...
Maria Khalid1, Tanveer Hussain1*, Zahid Farooq2, Kamran Abbas1 and Masroor Ellahi Babar1  
...lowed by sequencing. The sequences were aligned and edited using Bio-Edit software and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. The boot strapped Neighbor joining tree constructed from MEGA7 explained the genetic relationships of A.chukar with related members of Phasianidae family. The phylogenetic analysis also showed the genetic positioning of A. chukar with respect to other different reported species as well. The study gave us u...
Masroor Ellahi Babar*
...als. The analyses of the sequence of 5︠ flanking region in various breeds reveals the presence of different polymorphic regions includes cysteine nucleotide deletion, AT bases insertion and transvertions (C>G; G>T). Deletion of A bases at c.1-1075 and hetrozygosity (CT) at the c1-1046 were analyzed along with some other SNPs are very important. These evidences points towards the change of expression of those protein which are nearest to the region of g...
Samia Afzal*,Sadia Zahid, Iram Amin, Muhammad Shahid and Muhammad Idrees
...f ten samples was direct sequenced. Sequence analysis showed 94% similarity to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia which is considered to be the second most prevalent bacterial species in mosquitoe’s midgut. This observation may lead  towards the confusion that the outbreak is either of Dengue or Chikunguna virus. In conclusion, confirmatory molecular characterization of the viral genome remains controversial and ...

Cornelius Arome Omatola*, Samson Daniel Iyeh, Shedrach James Abuh, Charles Kehinde Mofolorunsho, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo and Phoebe Queen Akoh 

...te the serious health consequences of STIs, information is lacking regarding the magnitude of the disease in the study setting. This study investigated the prevalence of five major STIs (HIV, HBV, HCV, HSV-2 and syphilis) in asymptomatic women in Anyigba. Sera samples from a cross-section of 250 consenting pregnant women on antenatal visits to five health facilities were screened for HIV, HBV, HCV and HSV-2 using commercially available immunochromatographic ba...
Lei Wang1, Lu Yang2, Lei Luo1, Yaqi Gao1*, Jian Gao1 and Ping Liu1
...n compared to homologous sequences using NCBI-NR, Swiss-Prot, KOG, Pfam, eggNOG, KEGG, COG, and GO for functional annotation and classification. Some differences in the regularity of distribution and the time of eclosion of the pupa were detected between the southern and the northern populations. We obtained 142.65 Gb of data from transcriptome sequencing and recovered 70,397 unigenes through a de novo assembly. In total, 2089, 2420, and 6286 differenti...
Yue Qin Song, Hui Zhong Sun* and Jun Feng Dong
...d in this study. All the sequences were further validated by cloning and sequencing. Tissue expression profiles of all YsigOR genes in the antennae of females and males were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The result showed that some YsigOR genes displayed significant differences in the expression levels between sexes. YsigOrco had the highest expression level in all YsigOR genes; however, the expression level in males was twice as that of...
Mahvish Rajput1, Abdullah G. Arijo1, Muhammad Bachal Bhutto1Rehana Shahnawaz Buriro2, Javaid Ali Gadahi1, Muhammad Naeem3 and Zubair Ahmed Laghari1*
...ernal transcribed spacer sequence flanking 5.8S and 28S ribosomal gene sequences (ITS-2+) yielding a 428 bp fragment which were sequenced for further analysis. The nucleotide sequences from 6 isolates were further analyzed for sequence similarities and were used for constructing phylogenetic tree. The

Hasaan Aziz*, Fariha Altaaf, Attia Bashir, Abdul Basit, Syed Anam Masood Gardazi and Farah Haider 

...s not uncommon. Here, we sequenced and phylogenetically analysed the complete hemagglutinin gene of CDV from a male dog (14 months old) exhibiting clinically suggestive symptoms. With a characteristic amino acid residue for dog at Y549, sequence analysis showed geographically distinct pattern clustering the study strain to clade Asia-2 but clearly distinct from vaccine strains. Though limited and preliminary data, the findin...

Hassan Boulahyaoui1,2*, Sanaa Alaoui Amine1,3, Marouane Melloul4, Farida Hilali5, Elmostafa El-Fahime1,3, Saad Mrani1,2 and Nadia Touil1,5* 

...d. The DNA was purified, sequenced and genotypes were determined using the RotaC online classification tool. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method applying the Tamura 3-parameter model in MEGA 6.06 package and statistically supported by bootstrapping with 1000 replicates. The amino acid sequences of the antigenic regions of the outer capsid proteins VP8* were compared with vaccine and field ...

Olotu Titilayo Mabel*, Adeosun Idowu Jesulayomi, Kaka Mary Oluwatosin and Oladipo Elijah Kolawole 

...Seventeen partial genome sequences of HIV-1 Pol gene from some West African countries were retrieved from NCBI database. Evolutionary relationship was determined by Multiple sequence alignment using Clusta W and the sequences were further analyzed using MEGA 6 for phylogenetic tree. The sensitivity to antiviral drugs was analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. ...

Hafiz Muhammad Imran Javed* and Mushtaq Ahmed 

...e and deduced amino acid sequence analyses, and a comparison of three-dimensional protein structures. The N gene ORF was 1578 nucleotide long with a single open reading frame encoding 526 amino acids. Similarly, the ORF of F gene was 1641 nucleotide long which encoded 547 amino acids. Upon phylogenetic analysis of the country isolates with the vaccine strains, it was revealed that isolates were clustered within lineage IV (Asian Lineage) closer to Indian isola...

Kajol, A. H. Bhat, Aasha and A. K. Chaubey

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Photorhabdus akhurstii associated with Heterorhabditis indica from Meerut, India
...ns. Analysis of ITS-rDNA sequences showed 1 nucleotide base pair difference in aligned data with type description, however, no nucleotide base pair difference was seen in the D2D3 domain. The associated bacterial symbiont of the DH3 strain was identified as Photorhabdus akhurstii based on phenotypic, biochemical and 16S rDNA data. Most of the biochemical tests were negative and only three tests were found positive viz., Urease, Nitrogen reduction and Oxidase. ...

Asif Ali Khan*, Laiq Hassan*, Salim Ullah* 

OPEN MP-BASED PARALLEL AND SCALABLE GENETIC SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT
.../p>...

Mujahid Badshah, Saeed Badshah, Sakhi Jan 

HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE AND THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY ON PERFORMANCE
...es could have serious consequences for the structural integrity of the turbine. 

...

 Mujahid Badshah*1, Saeed Badshah1, Sakhi Jan1

HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE AND THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY ON PERFORMANCE
...es could have serious consequences for the structural integrity of the turbine.
...

Farid Ullah Khan*

ACTUATION ENHANCEMENT OF A MICRO BIMORPH THERMAL ACTUATOR
...h, a generic fabrication sequence is described according to criteria of reproducibility, batch fabrication, applicability and cost effectiveness with the use of newer micro fabrication techniques such Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD), Laser Ablation (LA) and Micro electro-discharge machining (μEDM). Different designs of bimorph thermally actuated digital micro-mirror devices (DMDs) are also fabricated by the same generic fabrication process in order to sh...

 Amjad Ali*, Amir Nawaz Khan*, Atta-ur-Rahman*, Muhammad Saeed*

ANALYSIS OF SITE, SITUATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON RESETTLEMENT OF PROPOSED NEW BALAKOT TOWN, PAKISTAN: AN EX POST EVALUATION OF 2005 KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE
...town of Balakot. As a consequence the site of Balakot town has been declared as a red zone and for resettlement new Balakot town was proposed at Bakryal. There is uncertainty about the resettlement. The new Balakot town attract the low income and servant class of the old Balakot town for residential purposes. However, the politicians, businessmen and landlords of the community are fear to suffer. As a result, these groups resist the process...

Muhammad Riaz1*, Naureen Akhtar1, Salik Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakeel1,2 and Ateeq Tahir1

Neocosmospora rubicola: An Unrecorded Pathogen from Pakistan Causing Potato Stem Rot
...l characters, nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and partial beta tubulin gene. Phylogenetic analysis was also conducted to determine the phylogenetic relationship of this species with other reported species of this genus. Pathogenic potential of the isolate was verified by artificially inoculating the spores of pathogen in healthy plants. Appearance of same symptoms and re-isolation of N. rubicola from infected tissue confirmed K...

 Qazi Salman Khalid1, Muhammad Abas1, Mudassar Rauf2, Mirza Jahanzaib2, Shahid Maqsood1

HYBRID PARTICLE SWARM ALGORITHM FOR SCHEDULING IN CELLULAR MANUFACTURING SYSTEM- A CASE STUDY
...d to achieve an optimize sequence. The PSO is integrated with NEH algorithm to achieve an optimal sequence faster. A mathematical model is presented to evaluate two conflicting performance measures; minimization of work in process (WIP) and maximization of average machine cell utilization. Implementation of proposed algorithm had increased the utilization from 65% to 82 % while minimized the WIP to 6 parts from 25parts.

...

 Muhammad Shahzad1, Arif Iqbal Umar1, Syed Hamad Shirazi1, Muhammad Tariq Pervez2*, Zakir Khan1, Waqas Yousaf1

HCDP: HEPATITIS C DATA BANK OF PAKISTAN
...base that will holds HCV sequences obtained from Pakistani strains and HCV research publication by Pakistani researchers. We proposed a Hepatitis C Data Bank of Pakistan (HCDP) with an online interface. In addition to provision of annotated HCV sequences of Pakistani strains, HCDP allows the user to submit HCV sequences, find out N/O-linked glycosylation, Methylation, Ser/Ty...

 Asad Naeem Shah1,2, GE Yun-shan1, HE Chao1,3

MACROSCOPIC SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL AND BIODIESEL-DIESEL BLEND: AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON
...not only in the temporal sequence of clean and efficient combustion, but also in the control of engine exhaust emissions and efficiency optimization. This paper investigates the effect of injection duration and ambient pressure on spray development, spray tip penetration (L) and cone angle (β) of biodiesel-diesel (20%/80%: v/v) blend (B20) and diesel, and hence compares the quality of the fuels. Both ‘L’ and ‘β’...

Abdul Shakoor1, R.A. Sayed2, Khizar Azam2

KNOWLEDGE BASE TECHNOLOGIES AS A NEW PARADIGM IN DATA DRIVEN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
...provide manufacturing consequences.
...
Kadir Karakuş1, Turgut Aygün2, Şenol Çelik3, Mohammad Masood Tariq4*, Muhammad Ali4, Majed Rafeeq4 and Farhat Abbas Bukhari4
... The furthest importance sequence was obtained for testis length (TESLENG) (100%), followed by age, testis diameter (TDIA), age in control (DAGE), birth weight (BW), around scrotum (SCC), scrotum length (SCL) and birth type (BT). TDIA > 8.5 and DAGE will provide 21.06 unit to live weight (LW). BW > 4.2 will provide 18.43 kg to LW. TESLENG > 8.5, SCC < 2.4 and SCL will provide 8.227 to LW. TDIA < 4.5 and TESLENG > 9 will provide 4.095 to LW. A...

Zakeer Ahmed Khan Abbasi* and Allah Nawaz 

...mitigate the negative consequences of this phenomenon but the responses are not necessarily identical in scale and forms . In developed countries, climate change awareness is much advanced therefore, their climate change adaptations are also far better than those employed by farmers in the developing countries like Pakistan. The climate change awareness obviously determines the nature, quality and strength of climate change adaptations. The current study measu...
Muhammad Khan1, Tehmina Ameer Khan1, Aziz Ud Din2, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Irfan Ullah3,*, Kalim Ullah4, Sadia Tabassum1,*
...ified gene products were sequenced and compared with the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) Accession-No. N_012920.1. Four mutations in 16S-rRNA gene have been identified viz mt-2552T>A, mt-1811A>G, mt-1888A>G and mt-2467A>T and two are novel, mt- 2552T>A and mt-2467A>T while others have been previously reported, in patients of German and French population. For the first time, the mt-...
Kui Li1, Lijun Li1, Jialun Fu2, Yi He2, Zhaohui Song2, Shuiping Zhou2Luobu Gesang1* and Rui Liu2*
...domized to two treatment sequences, receiving either 270mg CDDPs or placebo during an 11-day trip in Tibet, China, at an altitude of more than 3000 m. The Lake Louise Scoring System (LLSS) was also utilized to access AMS incidence and severity, twice a day, during the research period. AMS was further diagnosed when headaches and LLSS≥ 3 were present. A total of 54 subjects completed the study and no significant difference was observed in the number of indiv...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*, Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*, Mubashir Ahmad Malik1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Ali3, Ejaz Ahmad1, Muhammad Tahir2 and Muhammad Ashraf2
...on 1.5% agarose gel. DNA sequence analysis of PCR product indicated that specimens shared a 99-100% identity with Schistocerca gregaria gregaria)(Forskål, 1775). Molecular phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary divergence study also revealed the formation of same cluster in phylogenetic tree with that of specific subspecies S. g. gregaria which furtherdeviate genetically not only from closely related subspecies (S. g. flaviventris) b...

 Honghai Zhang1,*, Yao Chen1, Xiaoyang Wu1, Shuai Shang2, Jun Chen2, Jiakuo Yan1, Qinguo Wei1, Xibao Wang1, Yongqiang Lu3 and Huanxin Zhang2

...ed 1474595 16S rRNA gene sequences. The study observed 163genera belonging to 19 phyla in Group A while 210 genera belonging to 19 phyla in Group B withBacteroidetes and Firmicutes predominating. Additionally, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes linearly decreased (P < 0.05) in Group A and linearly increased (P < 0.05) in Group B. The Ruminococcus_flavefaciens, rumen_bacterium_YS2, Acinetobacter_baumannii and Bacillus_anthracis
Aribah Naz1*, Uzma Badar1,Afsheen Arif2*, Zaid Qureshi1, Sondas Saeed1,Erum Shoeb1, Maqsood Ali Ansari1 and Obaid Yusuf Khan1
...d to DNA sequencing. The sequence data analysis of the isolated strain showed 98% homology with Vibrio harveyi species. The sequence obtained has been submitted to NCBI under GenBank Accession# KY653092. Characterization of luminescent bacteria facilitates understanding of the environmental differences that favors the stability, survival and proliferation of species in their respective habitat.
...
Zengwen Huang1,2, WuReliHazi Hazihan2*, Baheti Bodai2, Kadyken Rizabek3, Nuralieva Ulzhan3, Omarova Karlygash4, Juan Zhang1 and Yaling Gu1*
...digested, identified and sequenced, and then transfected into YM sheep granulosa cells. The sequence of YM sheep INHα gene was obtained and uploaded on the NCBI database (accession number KP-113678.1). The INHα gene from YM sheep is 1109 bp long and translates to approximately 40 KDa protein. Q-PCR analysis showed that the plasmid pGenesil 10-3p-siRNA could interfere with the expression of INHα in granulosa...

Rana Shahzad Noor1,2, Fiaz Hussain2, Irfan Abbas3, Muhammad Umair2, Abu Saad2, Muhammad Umar Farooq4 and Yong Sun1*

Assessing Sustainability of Rainfed Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Production under Various Soil Tillage Systems: An Energy and Economic Analysis
...oil tillage systems have sequence in term of net energy values (MJ) as PT> RT> CT> ZT. The profitability of ZT, PT, RT and CT were 0.95, 0.69, 0.52 and 0.32. The economic analysis results described that intense application of agricultural machinery and operations were caused more energy consumption and reduction of energy use efficiency and may compromised on net energy and profitability of agroecosystems eventually. In rainfed agriculture system, all...

Moazam Ali1, Wajid Ali2, Ayhan Ceyhan2 and Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta3*

Pigmentation Genome Influence in Animals and Human Interventions in its Course of Action
...sts is working on genome sequences and mutations for getting a better and healthier pigmentation besides animal welfare. This review article contains a complete elaboration about the worth of pigmentation in animals, natural pigmentation process and new mutation and deviation in animal genome related to their pigmentation for human and animal welfare respectively.

...
Muhammad Zahid Mengal1, Hamida Ali2, Raheela Asmat3, Muhammad Naeem1,4, Ferhat Abbas1, Abdul Samad1, Mohammad Zahid Mustafa1, Jannat Raza2 and Tauseef M. Asmat1*
...eas the least within the sequence 511 (Probe A, 2.2%).
...
Aatif Amin1,*, Zakia Latif2, Arslan Sarwar1, Basit Zeshan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
...f merA nucleotide sequence confirmed 51-100% homology with the corresponding region of the merA gene of already reported mercury resistant Gram positive bacteria. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was applied to the amplification products of 16S rRNA and merA genes and a specific restriction patterns was successfully obtained after treatment with different endonucleases. A small scale reservoir of Luria Bertani (LB) ...
MA Liman1, QI Yongxiao1, Wang Wenji2* and Zhong Qianyi3*
... can have detrimental consequences in various processes, including promoting uncontrolled tumor growth. Inhibiting angiogenesis using natural compounds is an important focus in developing new cancer treatment strategies. Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2), a natural product derived from red ginseng, has been reported to have therapeutic effects on some tumors, but its antiangiogenic effects in zebrafish has not been evaluated. Here we investigated the antiangiogenic of G...

Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1* and Sajida Naseem2

...mples was amplified. The sequences of 658 base pairs were recovered from 62 samples, representing 7 families, 20 genera and 27 species. Araneidae was the most dominant familyfollowed by Salticidae, Oxyopidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathida, Thomisidae, Mitergidae and Lycosidae. The interspecific value of divergence was more than the...
Hong Hu1, 2, Li Qian1, Yuanlang Wang1, Chaodong Wu1, Xiaodong Zhang1, Yueyun Ding 1*, Li Wang1, Xudong Wu1, Wei Zhang1, Dengtao Li1, Jian Ding1, Min Yang1 and Zongjun Yin1*
...lly expressed genes from sequence were highly reliable by qRT-PCR confirmation. The present work will help understanding of the different mechanisms involved in fat deposition between lean and obese pigs.
...

 Majid Shahi Bajestani1, Esmat Mahdikhani Moghadam2*, Reza Aghnoum3 and Hamid Rohani2

Study of Plant Parasitic Nematodes and Description of New Record (Rotylenchus alius) Associated with Barley (Hordium vulgare L.) in Khorasan Razavi Province, Northeast Iran
...ribosomal DNA primer and sequence results verified the morphometric studies and showed 99 percent resemblance to AB905316 sequence from Japan. In addition, scanning electron microscope (SEM) assay on infected roots by Meloidogyne arenaria showed that this species has been able to create gall in barley root and disrupt on cellular metabolism.

...

Kecheng Zhu1,2,3, Peiying He1, Baosuo Liu1,2,3, Huayang Guo1,2,3, Nan Zhang1,2,3, Liang Guo1,2,3, Shigui Jiang1,2,3 and Dianchang Zhang1,2,3,* 

...open reading frame (ORF) sequence of Almyomaker is 858 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 285 amino acids. Moreover, phylogenetic and gene structure analysis indicates that Almyomaker is highly conserved among vertebrates. The tissue distribution pattern shows that Almyomaker is more highly expressed in white muscle than in other tissues. Furthermore, to explore whether two MyoDs are modulators of Almyomaker, a promoter analysis was perfor...

Fan Sigang1, Guo Yihui1* and Xu Youhou2

... from noble scallops and sequenced using an Illumina high-throughput sequencer, producing 6.68 and 6.70 Gb of data for the ovary and testis, respectively. Reproduction-related genes, including vasa, nanos, and vitellogenin, and sex-determining genes, such as FoxL2, Dmrt, and sox9, were detected. Transcriptome comparison revealed 2,842 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 591 exhibited biased expression in the ovar...
Gautam Patra1*, Ana Sahara2, Sonjoy Kumar Borthakur1, Parthasarathi Behera3, Subhamoy Ghosh1, Apurba Debbarma4 and Seikh Sahanawaz Alam5
.... relictum. Based on sequences and phylogenetic analysis of cyt b gene, 8 isolates of P. relictum were identified. The obtained complete nucleotide sequences of cyt b gene from P. relicum revealed100% identity among themselves while the other sequences registered in Gen Bank showed 95% to 99% similarity. In the phylogenetic analysis all the isolates of P. relict...

Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq1*, Muhammad Kamran1, Muhammad Idrees1, Shahid Nazir2, Ihsan Ullah3, Sumera Naz1, Shaukat Ali1 and Muhammad Zafar Iqbal2

Morpho-Molecular Characterization of Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Citri Associated with Kinnow (Mandarin) and its Management
...arity with 40 nucleotide sequences of X. axonopodis pv. citri submitted in NCBI. Relative efficacy of six antibiotics (Streptomycin sulphate, Oxytetracycline, Cefalexin, Kasugamycin, Kanamycin and Levofloxacin USP) against colony growth of X. axonopodis pv. citri was evaluated at 50, 100 and 150 ppm using disc sensitivity technique. Streptomycin sulphate was found most effective to inhibit the colony growth of the bacterium. Streptomycin sulphate and Oxytetrac...

Ahmed Weli Hussein Osman1,2, Rakibul Islam1, Md. Bazlar Rashid1, Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud2,3* and Pravin Mishra4

Nanoparticle Tactics for the Oral Delivery of Insulin in Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rat (Rattus norvegicus domestica) Model
...ose as insulin. Over the sequence of the experimental trials, observations were noted for blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin, and body weight. Blood glucose levels were increased significantly (P<0.05) in all treated groups compared to the negative control group. Similarly, bodyweight was decreased significantly (P<0.05) in all alloxan treated groups compared to negative control. There was significant falling in blood glucose level in insulin w...

Muhammad Kashif Khan1*, Muhammad Wasim Jan Khan2, Kaleem Ullah Jan Khan3, Muhammad Ishaq Khan4, Muhammad Faheem Jan Khan5 and Abdul Salam Lodhi6

 

Impacts of Construction Risk Attributes on Organizational Performance of Registered Construction Companies in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...sk factors, and their consequences upon organizational performances.

...
Saima Yaqub1, Tahir Yaqub1*, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir2, Asif Nadeem3Aziz-Ul-Rahman1, Muhammad Furqan Shahid1, Zarfishan Tahir4 and Nadia Mukhtar4
...egorized the under-study sequences representing subtype A (n = 12; 46.15%), CRF02_AG (n = 6; 23.08%), subtype C (n= 5; 19.23%) and subtype G (n = 3; 11.54%). Subsequent to genotyping resistance interpretation algorithm, one major (M46L) and two accessory (N88D, L89V) PIs mutations in the protease region while four NRTI (D67T, K70R/Q, M184V and T215F) and four NNRTI (V108T, E138A, V179I and Y181C) mutations in the reverse transcriptase region were observed. The...
Chaojie Yang1,2,3, Haishan Wang1,2,3, Le Ye1,2,3 and Zhi Chen1,2,3,*
...ent of 12S rRNA was also sequenced for the purpose of classification. Mean genetic distances within Muraenesox bagio (Hamilton, 1822) and Muraenesox cinereus (Forsskål, 1775) group were 1.77% and 0.41%, respectively. Group mean distance between Congresox talabonoides (Bleeker, 1853) and other species ranged from 11.79% to 51.01%. Species were also confirmed at genetic level. According to present study, Congresox talabonoides (...

Zohaib Ahmad Hassan1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Usman Saleem3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz4, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti5 and Aamer Sattar2

Toxic Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on Growth and Yield of Rice
...to appraise the toxic consequences of NaHCO3 on growth as well as rice yield parameters. Various levels of NaHCO3 or Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) were developed in the normal soil. This experiment comprised of 7 treatments that were repeated three times according to Completely Randomized Design (CRD). These treatments included; T1= Control, T2= 15 SAR, T3= 20 SAR, T4= 25 SAR, T5= 30 SAR, T6= 35 SAR and T7= 40 SAR. Subsequently NaHCO3 was added to the soil as ...
Wentao Wang1,2, Xu Lin3, Jianshu Zhuo3, Dongjie Zhang2, Xiuqin Yang3* and Di Liu1, 2*
...oned the complete coding sequence (CDS) of E2F3b and identified seven alternatively spliced transcripts in pigs using molecular biology technique for the first time. The CDS of the canonical transcripts (named V1) of porcine E2F3b is 1023 bp in length, and showed 93.35% and 90.62% identities with the homologues from human and mouse, respectively. The splicing variants were produced by exon skipping, alternative 5’ and 3’ splice sites alone or in co...
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Li Li1, Yu-Hua Fu2, Sheng Wang3, Qing-Ming An1, Xiao-Hui Tang4, Xiao-Yong Du3,5,* and Fei Zhou6,*
...ifferent coat colors, we sequenced genes from six skin samples using Solexa sequencing. The RNA-Seq analysis generated 63,283,784 and 63,644,062 clean reads in black and white skin, respectively. A total of 60 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, providing evidence that the different coat color skin changed considerably. Among these differentially expressed genes, there were 18 up-regulated genes and 42 down-regulated genes in black skin tiss...
Sana Mehmood1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Muhammad Summer1, Sher Muhammad Sherawat2, Shaukat Ali1*, Sajida Naseem3
...ples. A standard barcode sequence of COI (Cytochrome c Oxidase I) was recovered from 90 specimens of spiders. Percentage accuracy of morphological identification was 92.10%. Four morphologically misidentified spiders were allotted to correct taxon after molecular identification. To describe the species diversity and richness in numerical structure, diversity indices (Shannon’s and Simpson’s) and evenness indices (Margalf’s index, Chao 1) were...
Małgorzata Dzierzęcka1, Sławomir Paśko2, Marcin Komosa3, Karolina Barszcz1, Bartłomiej Jan Bartyzel1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska4*
... preceded by a Gray code sequence, to perform the measurements. This method enabled the first objective assessment of the distribution of angles between the coffin bone parietal surface and the ground, which had not been possible using other imaging methods. The angle between the coffin bone parietal surface and the ground was found to be correlated with age, with a 0.27 correlation coefficient at p=0.1, but not with body weight. The correlation coefficient fo...
Mashal Malik and Mudassar Nawaz Khan*
 
...netic variations, Single sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used. The line B20G16 showed the highest morphological growth parameters of plant height, total number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length and leaf weight, while line B29G11 revealed the lowest. The maximum plant height (128.03 cm) was found for line B20G16. A maximum number of 48 leaves with leaf width of 2.34 cm, leaf length of 3.34 cm leaf and leaf weight of 156.11 mg were recorded in line B20G16. T...
Muhammad Qayash Khan1,2, Muhammad Zubair Anjum2, Muhammad Adnan3, Abbas Khan1, Hafsa Zahid1, Javed Nawab4, Sher Zaman Safi5Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah6, Atif Kamil7 and Abid Ali1*
...atus. The COI sequence of M. armatus reported for the first time during this study will be a useful addition to the database. The present study strongly recommends the effectiveness of COI barcoding for species delineation over the traditional taxonomic methods.
...
Iftikhar Hussain1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Muzafar Shah2*, Mohammad Salim3, Shabir Ahmed1, Sana Ullah1,Sidra Batool4, Nadia Saeed1 and Khalid Usman1
...bases of CO1 gene sequences. The mean intraspecific divergences of C. sphinx were 0.011%. The nucleotide composition of the sequences showed higher concentration of A+T as compared to G+C. The A+T contents were 53.1% and C+G were 46.8%. In phylogenetic tree the sequences of C. sphinx clustered together with 100% bootstrap support. The relationship between...
Riffat Sultana1*, Nuzhat Soomro2, Santosh Kumar3 and Ahmed Ali Samajo2
...ied the following mating sequence: (1) sexual recognition by antennation; (2) courtship with male turning his abdomen towards the female performing mediolateral antennae vibration and jerking its body antero-posteriorly. We quantified elapsed time of each behavioral sequence i.e. age of maturation, duration of pre-copulatory and mating, interval between each mating, length of copulation, and number of mating in entire...
Tanveer Hussain, Masroor Ellahi Babar*, Akhtar Ali and Fiaz Hussain
...lowed by sequencing. All sequences were aligned and edited through Codon Code aligner and finally a 364 bp portion was selected for further analysis. Dual peaks/heterozygous conditions were identified at positions c.36 (A/C), c.87 and c.225 (Y, T/C). The phylogenetic tree was constructed through MEGA 6.1 software package using the Neighbor Joining method with a bootstrap value of 1000. Finally, the dromedary camel sequences ...
Yongyun Zhang1, 2, Xinyang Fan1, Fangting Zhou1, Weizhen Li3, Yina Ouyang1,4 and Yongwang Miao1*
... polymorphisms in coding sequence (CDS) of the CSN1S1 gene for river and swamp buffalo were detected using PCR product direct sequencing. The CDS for both types of buffalo was the same in length, which contained 645 nucleotides and encoded a peptide composing of 214 residues. A total of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was identified in two types of buffalo. Among them, c.516T>C and c.578C>T were observed only in river buffalo, while c.175...

 Muhammad Ajmal1, Saima Mustafa1, Fizza Ibrahim Bajwa1, Cheng Zhou2, Guangdong Wen2, Soe Lwin Myint2, Syed Irfan Raza3, Ihtasham Bukhari4, Mubashir Hassan5, Muhammad Faisal6 and Furhan Iqbal1*

...ing. Analysis of the DNA sequence revealed a novel deletion c.429delC in exon 2 of HR gene. Due to this deletion Proline at 144 changed into Lysine causing frame shift leading to premature termiation of the protein after 23 amino acid residues (p.P144LfsX23), resulting in a truncated HR protein with 166 amino acid residues. The mutation followed Mendalian pattern of inheritance as all the patients are homozygous for the mutation while parents were heter...

Saad A. Moussa1, Ahmed F. Afify1*, Suzan Salah2 and Ayman Hamed3

...esis, and one sample was sequenced and submitted on Genbank with acc.no. MW173144, further phylogenetic sequence analysis revealed high percentage of identity with reference strains from different countries. Phylogenetic tree cleared that current research strain was found related to France strains 2013 and 2014, also to local Egypt strain 2019 with acc.no. MN053321, two samples were successfully isolated in Vero cells and po...
Li Shengqing1,2,3, Zhang Xiyun2,3, Liu Shengcai2,3, Hu Guoyuan2, Fan Yuxia2,Liu Huaixin2, Wang Tingting2 and Zhang Yanming1*
.... The DNA and amino acid sequences of the full neurotoxin gene comprise 3831 base pairs and 1276 amino acid residues, respectively. The nucleic acid and protein sequences of the toxin exhibits 99% homology with those of a known type D botulinum neurotoxin gene, and the composition of the functional domain of the toxin is consistent with that of type D botulinum neurotoxin. For plateau pikas and plateau zokors, the LD50<...
Muhammad Naveed1, Asif Nadeem1,2*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Fahad Bhutta3 and Ruqayya Bint Khalid1
...esent research work, the sequence of the bovine STAT5A gene was analyzed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms and its effect on evolutionary divergence. Nine polymorphisms, six in intronic and three in exonic regions, were identified in STAT5A gene. One exonic polymorphism G→A, in exon 5, was significant that causes a non-synonymous amino acid change from Serine (S) to Asparagine (N). Further, 64 genetic variants were also identified ...
Hesham Saeed1*, Manal Abdel-Fattah1, Ahmad Eldoksh1, Farid S. Ataya2 and Manal Shalaby3
...ment search tool (BLAST) sequence analysis revealed that C. dromedarius IFNα gene shares high sequence identity with IFNα genes of other species, including C. ferus, Vicugna pacos, and Homo sapiens. Expression of C. dromedarius IFNα cDNA in Escherichia coli revealed a fusion protein with a weight of 22.5 kDa after induction of expression with IPTG for 5 h. The recom...
Aiguo Zhou1,2, Di Sun1,2,Shulin Liu 1,2, Yongyong Feng1,2, Yue Zhang3
Yanfeng Chen4, Shaolin Xie1,2* and Jixing Zou1,2*

 

...ed based on the complete sequences of mtDNA control region for “Bicolor” and “White” types of northern snakehead (Channa argus) due to an uncertain classification of them. The results showed that the genetic distance for the inter-species ranged from 0.000 to 0.492 for the Channidae family. And the analysis of sequences showed that there were nine haplotypes in 60 individuals, which were eight ...

Muhammad Nawaz1*, Muhammad Dawood1, Kainat Javaid1, Muhammad Imran2, Fengliang Zhao3, Shahzadi Saima4 and Syed Tansir Hussain Shah2

...ause serious negative consequences on the development, growth and maturity of crops. In this regard, this study was conducted to examine the possible health effect of fluoride pollution in the form of sodium fluoride on the growth and physiological parameters of cotton plant. The cotton plants were grown in the pots. Six different concentrations of fluoride (3mg/L to 15mg/L) along with water as control were used periodically. At both harvests, maximum growth a...

Muhamamd Rizwan1*, Muhammad Arshad2, Muhammad Kashif3, Aneela Zameer Durrani4, Asghar Abbas5, Tanveer Ahmad6, Muhammad Nadeem7 , Kinza Khan8

...tion by the mechanism of sequence specific Adaptive Immunity. CRISPR Cas system is sustainable to combate with the mutation developed in viral genome that help viruses to escape from bacterial CRISPR Cas based immune system. CRISPR Cas system is a molecular mechanism of prokaryotic microorganism. It acts as bacterial natural adaptive immune system against phages, plasmids and foreign genomic elements. Mostly prokaryotes uses their CRIPR Cas system to enhance t...

Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1*, Asif Ahmad1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Amer Mumtaz2, Muhammad Javaid Asad3, Saqib Jabbar2, Ahmad Mujtaba1 and Muhammad Nadeem4

...ur peril as potential consequences of a lapse are huge; keeping the food supply safe is a never-ending task.

...

Muhammad Ahsan1*, Aneela Ramzan1, Muhammad Nafees1, Adnan Younis2, Muhammad Amin1, Gulzar Akhtar3, Khansa Saleem1 and Azka Sabeeh1

...cover the comparative consequence of various vase solutions to improve the post-harvest qualities and extend vase life of Rosa hybrida cv. Freedom. The research was performed at the research area of Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. There were 11 treatments comprising of honey (T1), sugar (T2), salicylic acid (T3), acetic acid (T4), indole acetic acid (IAA) (T5) and combination of all solutions with sugar. These treatm...
Maria Qibtia1, Muhammad Wasim1, Farzana Chowdhary1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Sehrish Faryal1, Ahmed Mansouri2, Zeeshan Ahmad2, Muhammad Hamid3 and Ali Raza Awan1,*
...in an altered amino acid sequence. The frequency of each mutation observed in both gruops was: mutation I of exon 1 (0.64/1), mutation II of exon 2 (0.34/0.67), mutation III, IV and V of exon 6 (1/1,0.12/0,0.64/1) mutation VI of exon 13 (0.64/1), mutation VII, VIII, IX of exon 17 (0.64/1, 1/1, 0.12/0), mutation X of intron 4 (0/1), mutation XI of intron 12 (1/0), mutation XII of intron 15 (1/1) and mutation XIII of promoter region (0.36/0.67). In this study, m...
Zeynep Sonmez1 and Memis Ozdemir2,*
...ing analysis (HRMA), and sequence analysis was applied to some randomly selected samples. New polymorphisms were identified in the determined genes and gene regions as a result of the sequence analysis. In the 1st exon of the EPS8 gene, 9 polymorphic regions were identified as g.94554132C>T, g.94554252G>C, g.94554348T>G, g.94554354C>G, g.94554372C>G, g.94554389A>G, 94554392C>G, 94554399...

Ahmed A. Kheder

...as confirmed with direct sequences. Phylogenetic analysis results indicated that SLRSV-Eg isolate under study (acc. no. MT648777.1), showed 65.9 – 99.5% nucleotide similarity with available homologous sequences from other crops. Reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay which is one of the most promising molecular diagnostic techniques was applied. The amplified products were analyzed...

NawalM. Abdulla1, M. Haroun1*,Mohamed A. Shalaby2and Ahmed A. Elsanousi2

...fication
for sequence and phylogentic analysis using the same primers.
...
Mansour, L. L.*; Othman, B. A. **; Abd-EL Ghaffar, M. H. **; Eman, M. Marai** and Sahar, A. Youssef* 
... method. Component-6 was sequenced to
determine the phylogenetic with other published isolates. Phylogenetic tree showed
the identity percentage of Egyptian isolate group of BBTV-component- 6 with
component 6 of Indian, Taiwanese and Pakistani isolates group was 97%, whereas
it was 84% in case ofChinese isolate group.
...

Mokbel, Samah A.1,Ahmed K. El Attar1; Azza G.Farag2.

...smaBrasiliense). The DNA sequence was submitted for the gene bank as the
first report of the Brasiliensephytoplasma associated witches‟ broom affecting hibiscus in
Egypt.
...

Maha I. El Zaafarany1, WafaaM. Badawy2, Eman M. El Salakh3

...y PCR, and products were sequenced. Findings were correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics.The HPV DNA prevalence in the breast cancer samples was 28 % (15/54). Sequence analysis in a subgroup of cases indicates the prevalence of high risk HPV16. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the presence of HPV in Egypt in a proportion of the malignant breast tissues. This finding suggests that HPV may h...

Amal Mahmoud1&2 and Medhat H. Hashem3

...nt correspond to partial sequence of polymerase (pol) and envelop (env) genesTwo HBV isolates were associated with HCC (Sohag1 and 7). Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid of the pol or env genes revealed that 7 out of the 8 isolates were closely related to genotype D. Only Sohag 1-HCC isolate was clustered with genotype C which is known as risk factor of HCC. Multiple ...
Nader M. Sobhy,1 Sunil K. Mor,2 Mohammed E.M. Mohammed,1
Iman M. Bastawecy,3 Hiam M. Fakhry,4 and Sagar M. Goyal2
...gypt with devastating consequences as shown in 2012 in Egypt. One of the most important FMD features is high potential for genetic and antigenic variation. Therefore molecular study of FMDV is pre-requisite for amplification of FMDV specific genomic fragment and also copying specific serotypes O, A and SAT2 nucleotide sequence. In this work FMDV serotype O, A and SAT2 were isolated from cattle clinical samples (foot lesions)...

Yanni, M. I1; Hanaa A. Ahmed2; Lamyaa, A. Ahmed1; Hanan, A. Fahmy3 and Ibrahim, E.M.4 Aggour, M. G.3

...netic analysis including sequences from all previous Egyptian isolates and neighboring countries isolates was conducted. The % of nucleotide identities of the Egyptian recent isolate (Egy/cairo /2014) with three previous Egyptian isolates were 98.4-98 and 98.4% respectively. Egy/cairo/14 share nucleotide identity with the vaccinal strain flury LEP and kelev with a percentage of (93.1% and 98% respectively). All Egyptian isolates have a common origin. In conclu...

Nashwa M. Helmy1 and Ahmed S. A.2

...ype specific and as a consequence, the detection of these
antibodies is not serotype restricted. The current study aimed on detection of early NSPs
in apparently healthy cattle, and detects FMDV by real-time RT-PCR and Indirect
sandwich ELISA in suspected samples. The serum samples were collected from Sharkia
and Fayoum governorates (30 and 40 sera respectively) submitted to laboratory
examination by ...
Amro A. Farrag1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2; Ibrahim A. I.2; H.
M. Mazyad1
.../div>
The obtained sequences were submitted into the GenBank with accession numbers
KJ624994 and KJ579954.The full nucleotide sequence of DNA-A, DNA-B and all open
reading frames (ORF) of the SLCV-bean was aligned and compared with eleven different
isolates of the SLCV available in the GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis of the complete
nucleotide ...

Ahmed K. El-Attar; Samah A. Mokbel; Ali H. Hamed

...y RT-PCR then cloned and sequenced in the TOPO cloning vector. The
CP gene sequence has been submitted to the GenBank and compared to other available
isolates of OYDV. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that the
Egyptian isolate of the OYDV is related to other isolates from Japan, Netherlands, Israel,
Brazil, China, India, an...

K.A. El-Dougdoug1, A.R. Sofy2, A.A. Mousa2 and E.E. Refaey2

... Rosetta. The nucleotide sequence
of Ryadg of cultivars Dita, Execusa and Lady Rosetta was aligned with other recommended PVY
strains registered in GenBank. A phylogenetic tree of Ryadg gene based on nucleotide sequence
revealed 93% a moderate degree of similarity to Potato gene Y-1 isolated from Solanum
tuberosum subsp. andigenum
...
Amro A. Farrag1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2; Ibrahim A. I.2; H. M. Mazyad 1 
...ning vector and directly sequenced. The sequence alignment and phylogenetic
analysis showed a relatively high diversity among the three different isolates that the
identity ranged from 89 to 94%.
...
Aly M. Abdel-Salam1, Rehab A. Dawoud2, Amira M.E.Aly2, and Salama M. El-Saghir2
...SV isolates were cloned, sequenced and submitted to GenBank. The four
accessions showed nucleotide-pairwise identity between 76-82% and amino acid
similarity between 29-63% indicating high diversity. In addition, the four BSV
isolates showed nucleotide identity between 64-88% with four BSV accessions,
retrieved from the GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial RT/RNaseHsequence...

Aly M. Abdel-Salam

...iv>isolates were cloned, sequenced, and submitted to the GenBanak. Pair-wise nucleotide
identity indicated 86% identity between the Giza and Assiut isolates. NCBI-blastn
analysis for the two isolates with four SCBV accessions retrieved from the GenBank
indicated identity range of 66-91%. Phylogenetic analysis based on amino acid
sequence identity indicated the clustering of the...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1 
...tiple alignments for the sequences of the Egyptian clones with each other and with the
other sequences of phytoplasma strains on GenBank showed that we may have two
different phytoplasma isolates infecting tomato plants in Egypt.
...

Sherif .M. Ibrahim*, Abd El-Razek. B. Abd El-Razek*. Hanan. M. El-Zahed Amal. A. Fatouh* and Ayatollah. I. Ibrahim*

...FPVV) with the published sequences for FPV in the Genebank. Unexpectedly, PPV isolates (PPLA, PPLR) and PPV vaccine (PPVV) showed high similarity to the published FPVs-P4b sequence in gene bank and distributed under genogroup A1 in the phylogenetic tree, while the PPV isolate (PPLH) was classified under genogrop A2 with high identity to published PPVs-P4b sequence in gene bank. This study ...
Abd El-Hamid, M.I1, Seham, A.El-Zeedy1, El-Sanousi, A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1, Abbas, A.M1
...cal isolate was sent for sequence analysis, multiple alignment revealed single nucleotide substitution at the base pair number 121 from the start codon which give lead to single Amino Acid Substitution from CAG (Glutamine(Gln/Q)) which is considered as a polar Amino Acid to AAG (Lysine(Lys/K)) which is a basic Amino Acid, then the sequenced product of the local isolate was cloned Into PET 151 D topo plasmid with an N-termina...

Abd El-Hamid, M.I1; Seham, A. ElZeedy1; El-Sanousi A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1., Abbas, A.M1

... EHV-1 proteins based on sequence analysis and multiple alignment revealed single nucleotide substitution at the base pair number 121 from the start codon which give lead to single Amino Acid Substitution from CAG (Glutamine(Gln/Q)) which is considered as a polar Amino Acid to AAG (Lysine(Lys/K)) which is a basic Amino Acid which is very characteristic for the local isolate than the rest of isolate and strains.

...

A. A. Rezk1,3, K. A. Alhudaib2 and A. M. Soliman2,3

...(RT-PCR). The nucleotide sequence for the coat protein (CP) gene was carried out and submitted in GenBank under accession number JN083790. The phylogenetic tree showed that there are two big clusters and the identity between them 90%. The isolated CYSDV in this study is located in the second cluster with the isolates from Sudan, Iran and the other isolate from Saudi Arabia. The analysis showed that the highest nucleotide identities were 100% with other isolate...

Amany Adel1, Abdelsatar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2 and Ahmed El-Sanousi 2

... analysis of the HA gene sequences to study the genetic evolution of the NS1 gene of such viruses. The viruses were isolated from chickens and ducks in both live bird markets and backyard populations. NS1 gene was amplified, sequenced and the phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences revealed deletion of 5 amino acids at positions 80 to 84 in the NS1 protein along all Egyptian isolat...

Ehab M. El-Nahas1, Hemat S. El-Sayed2, Sawsan S. El-Basuni3, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1

...side a real time RT-PCR; sequence analysis of partial S1 gene, cross-neutralization and the challenge experiment for H120 vaccinated broiler chickens were also performed. Results: Egypt/Qal/014p had close relation with that of the Massachusetts prototypes. Comparisons nucleotide and amino acid sequence of partial S1 gene showed that the recent isolate had 98.2% and 95.2% nucleotide similarities and 96.8% and 91.4% amino acid...

Ayman S. El-Habbaa 1, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1, Samar F. El-Adaway2, and Susan S. El-Mahdy2

...ucleotide and amino acid sequence detection. Results: NDV Giza 2014 isolate and NDV Qualubiya 2014 were characterized as velogenic and lentogenic strains, respectively using Mean Death Time (MDT), Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI) and studying amino acid motif of the F protein cleavage site. Phylogeny put NDV Giza 2014 in a separate branch independent from other Egyptian isolates, however it is more related to Lasota (genotype II) and Clone 30 vaccinal ...

Naglaa F.S. Awad1, Gamelat K.F. Kotb2

...ied and directly partial sequenced for C-terminal VP60 gene.
Results: Only two samples were positive for partial C-terminal VP60 amplification. The first positive
sample was collected from non-vaccinated young rabbit (45-day old) and designed here as SHAH
2015, whereas the second sample was collected from non-vaccinated adult dam (nine-month old) and
designed as SHMK2016. Hemagglutination analysis using human red...
Rasha M. Mahrous1,4, Ahmed K. El-Attar2, Ahlam A. AlWatban1, Sohair I. EL-Afifi3,
Nagwa M. Aref1,3
...RNA gene. The nucleotide sequences were published to the
GenBank as Lemon Witches' broom-Egyptian strain (LWB-Eg strain) with accession number
“KJ948653”. Phylogenetic analysis showed a high similarity (99%) with Oman isolate.
Conclusion: Phytoplasma strain of LWB-Eg Candidatus Phytoplasma that reported as a natural causal
agent from Lime WB strain in Egypt was classified as 16SrII subgroup.
...
Ashraf S. Khameis, lamya F. Atteya, Ayman H. Mansour, Heba A. Abdelhady, Ashraf A.
Saad
...us was confirmed through sequence and
phylogenetic analysis of the RPO30 gene and open reading frame (ORF) 103 genes. The sequences
designated Sheep pox virus was submitted to GenBank under accession number of MF443334.
Conclusion: The molecular techniques based on the RPO30 and ORF 103 genes are efficient for the
characterization and differentiation of Capripox viruses. This f...

Dina A. Abdulrahman1, Ayman H. EL-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shaheen1 & Hussein A. Hussein2

...on and the products were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis.
Results: FMDV RNA was detected in eight out of the 12 samples tested using real time RT-PCR.
Conventional PCR revealed that Six of the eight samples were positive using pan FMD primers.
However, using serotype-specific primers; only four samples tested positive; two samples for serotype
O, one sample for serotype A and one sample for serotype SAT2 whil...

Shimaa M. Mansour, Reham M. ElBakrey, Ahmed Orabi, Haytham Ali, Amal A. Eid

... a conserved
sequence within ARV- sigma C protein revealed 7/18 positive samples. All positive samples (7/18)
were successfully isolated on specific pathogen free embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECE). Additional
RT-PCR testing and re-isolation of ARV from ECEs of a breeder flock of a history of uneven growth
and/or arthritis revealed ARV infection in six (6/60) examined ECEs.
Conclusion: These results i...

Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Hussein A. Hussein2

...n content and similar HA sequences
with the field HPAI challenge viruses are needed to produce a consistent and high protection percent,
but, they are not enough to assess the vaccine efficacy.
Conclusion: The invitro assessment of protection was not considered an alternative methods to the
direct assessment of vaccine efficacy (vaccination-challenge), but it was used as complementary steps
for vaccin...
Ruqayya Bint Khalid1, Asif Nadeem1,2*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir3 and Masroor Ellahi Babar4
...le of Pakistan. Multiple sequence alignment represented the presence of MKVLILACLVALALARE and QRAVPVQALLLNQE as highly conserved regions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary relationship among Cholistani cattle of Pakistan, Bos indicus and Bos taurus. β-casein gene is highly polymorphic and A2 allele is present in Cholistani Cattle of Pakistan.
...
Saira Gul1,2, Sohail Ahmed2*, Tahir Usman1*, Khalid Khan3, Sultan Ayaz1, Saleha Gul4 and Nawab Ali5
...P1a and MSP4) sequence were compared with cattle isolates from different origins. Phylogenetic analysis of local isolates showed a close homology with the isolates from Australia, Brazil, Turkey and Japan. It was found that aged, exotic and crossbreed cattle were more susceptible to A. marginale infection in summer season compared to the younger and indigenous cattle breeds, respectively (P˂0.01). Moreover, the study reveale...

Akram I. Aboelkhair1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shahin1 and Hussein A. Hussein2

... of LSDV . By nucleotide sequences and genetic characterization was conducted on (G-PCR)
gene segment of these isolates.
Results: 93 samples were positive for LSDV by using conventional PCR direct from nodular lesion, 4
positive samples were inoculated on CAM showed characteristic pock lesion, formerly after passaging
of samples on MDBK cell line revealed characteristic cytopathic effect of LSDV, as well as tissu...
Nagwa K. Meselhy1, Mohamed A. Abo El-khair1, Basem M. Ahmed2, Sherif A. El-Soally3,
Abdelhamid M. Fares1, Mohamed A. Nayel1 and Hussein A. Hussein2

Hanaa A. Elsamadony1, Laila A. Tantawy1, Sabry E. Omar2 and Heba A. Abd Alah1

... band at 418 bp then the sequences was submitted to the
GenBank under accession number MH260568 for the VP1 gene. Our strain has 99% identity with
nucleotides of Indian and Japan strains, 97% amino acid identity with the same strains. Our circulating
strain has low nucleotides identity 37%, 38% and amino acid identity 15% for both with vaccinal
strains (Cux-1N/Germany and CAV/Nobilis®P4) respectively. The hig...
Othman N. O. Mansour 1, Naglaa Hagag 2, Momtaz A. Shahein 1, Sayed S. Hassan 1 Ahmed
A. EL-Sanousi 3 and Mohamed A. Shalaby3
...oronavirus ORF1a partial sequences in some positive
nasal swab samples of imported breeds (with accession number on gen bank; MH184776, MH184776
and MH184777) confirmed presence of different branch of MERS-CoV from which isolated in Middle
East.
Conclusion: MERS-CoV is amphixnoses in which both human and camels are source of infection and
cause mild to severe respiratory disease in human while camels ...

Ayman S. El-Habbaa1 and Mervat E. Radwan2

...>
Methods: Partial sequence was generated after detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain
reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequent gel purification of the amplified products of G gene of BEF virus.
Results: BEF virus was circulating in this region. Sequence analysis of G-gene of this Egyptian strain,
comparing with sequences of BEF virus circulat...

Ahmed K. El-Attar1, Samah A. Mokbel1 and Om-Hashem M. EL-Banna2

...d nucleotide
sequence determination. Ultra-structural responses of basil leaf cells infected with a
morphologically distinct RNA virus, AMV, were studied. Molecular characterization and
phylogenetic analysis were performed for the AMV coat protein (CP) gene. An amplicon of the
predicted size (∼666 bp) derived from O. basilicum isolate was purified and cloned in E.Coli
into pCR®4-TOPO vector be...
Riham H. Bassam, Hussein A. Hussein, Mohamed M. Amer, Basem M. Ahmed and Ahmed A. El-Sanousi
... characterization. Also; sequence analysis of the same IBV-positive samples.
Results: flocks had shown high discrepancy of CV% values with regard to ELISA results against IB
virus. Out of 60 flocks tested; 12 were positive to the presence of IBV by rt-RT-PCR despite the fact
that the detected flocks had a history of previous IBV vaccination except for backyard chickens and
ducks. Sequence...

Riham H. Bassam, Hussein A. Hussein, Mohamed M. Amer and Ahmed A. El-Sanousi

...nd
partially sequenced and submitted to GenBank, acquired accessions number MH266696 and
designated A/chicken/Lebanon/21-E03/2018 (H9N2). Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequence
cluster the characterized strain along with (formerly) G1-like viruses’ subtype B like those circulating
in the Middle East.
Conclusion: the AI H9N2 avian influenza virus is cir...

Aml S. El-Saadany1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2 and Hussien A. Hussien2

...ic analysis based on the sequence of the hyper variable
region of VP2 gene was carried out.
Methods: Forty field bursa samples were collected from different localities. IBDV was detected using
RT-PCR. Sequence analysis of the variable region of VP2 gene purified from the PCR product.
Comparative phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence of ...

Mohamed F. ElKersh1, Fatma M. Abdalla2, Gamilat K. Farg2, Soad A. Nasef3, Ahmed A. Ali2

...uencing. We analyzed the sequence on gene bank to compare it with the other AIV strains
Results: We found 35 and 55 samples showed positive result for H5 and H9 respectively. After sequencing and comparing with the other AIV strains we found that the isolated strains showed close similarity with the AIV strains that were present in Egypt from 2006 to 2008 (subclade 2) and showed low similarity to the strains that were present in Egypt from 2008 to ...

Shimaa M. Gad1, Ahmed A. Kheder1, Mohamed A. Awad 2

...ted-PCR assay and direct sequenced using specific primer
pairs. Phylogenetic tree was based on obtained sequences data.
Conclusion: The phytoplasma associated with gazania exhibiting phyllody, yellowing, proliferation,
virescence and little leaf symptoms was confirmed by the results of LM and TEM observations and
nested-PCR testing. Based on direct sequ...

Ahmed M. Soliman

...CMV were cloned and then sequenced.
Results: CMV was isolated from four vegetable crops (cucumber, tomato, pepper and watermelon) using ELISA and RT-PCR assays and the coat protein gene of the four isolates were submitted to GenBank. The CMV isolates showed nucleotide sequences similarity between them ranged from 97%-99%. Conclusion: This study revealed the existence of CMV in some vegetable crops in Al-Ahsaa at ...
Hadeer M. Mossa, Ausama A. Yousif, Emad A. Aboelsoud, Mahmoud El Gamal, Ahmed El-
Sanousi
...he long read
sequencer MinION has thus generated much excitement by producing a high microbial diversity in
biological samples that was limited by using second generation sequencing as Illumina . DNA
concentration and sequencing had been performed in demands for faster and more accurate methods to
analyze, characterize and qualify the virus as a seed for future vaccine production. Analysis workflow
st...
Ahmed A. ElWakil1, Ausama A. Yousif2 , Adel A. Fayed3, Ibrahim M. elsabagh2, Mahmoud
El Gamal2, Omnia H. Refaei3
...as used to generate LSDV sequences and to investigate relative
abundance of LSDV sequences in the sampled tick population compared to other known organisms
detected.
Results: Five ticks randomly selected from those collected were PCR positive for LSDV. 6 ticks
randomly selected from the collected ticks were pooled and this pool was also positive for LSDV
using PCR. ...

Samah A. Mokbel, Eman A. Ahmed, Hanan F. El-Kammar, Ahmed A. Kheder

... during 2012. Results of sequence analysis confirmed
the classification of isolate SEA as a member of group IA. Infection of sugar beet leaves with CMV
resulted in the formation of amorphous inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm. Semi thin-sections of the
diseased sugar beet leaf blade showed changes in cellular organization and vascular bundles that reflect
the progression of the external symptoms. Electron microgra...

 Yongmin Li1,2, Huabin Zhang1, Xiaoyou Wu1, Dongwei Li 2, Peng Yan1 and Xiaobing Wu1*

...oding genes of the newly sequenced and other reported species to assess phylogenetic relationships of Ranoidea. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods supported the sister-group relationship between ((Rhacophoridae + Mantellidae) + Ranidae) and Dicroglossidae. Within Rhacophoridae, two species of the genus Rhacophorus (R. schlegelii and R. dennysi) were clustered together with the representa...

Jie Gao1, Guannan Wang1, Chuang Zhou1, Megan Price2, Jinnan Ma1, Xiaohong Sun1, Benping Chen3, Xiuyue Zhang2 and Bisong Yue1*

...i> can be added to newly sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes and allow babbler taxonomy to be mapped with confidence.
...
Nianhong Huang, Yan Wu, Yuanyuan Li* and Jinhong Zhao*
...and area dimensions. The sequences of 18S rRNA gene of Hepatozoon sp. were amplified, cloned and demonstrated the homology and the variation. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S rRNA gene analyzed in the present study together with other published Hepatozoon species showed that there is no significant difference in the geographical distribution and limited host specificity. This is the first time to report the infection of Hepatozoon sp...
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska1, Iwona Szatkowska1, Daniel Zaborski2*, Wilhelm Grzesiak2, Sara Tabor-Osińska1, Małgorzata Wasielewska1Witold S. Proskura1, Wojciech Kruszyński3 and Edward Pawlina3
...sis of the P1 regulatory sequence was also carried out. Three genotypes (TT, CT and CC) were identified. The CT genotype was the most frequent (0.40, 0.50 and 0.52 in Jerseys, HO and RW, respectively). The frequencies of the CC genotype were 0.22, 0.28 and 0.31 in the RW, Jersey and HO breeds, respectively, whereas those of the TT genotype were 0.19, 0.26, and 0.32 for HO, RW, and Jerseys, respectively. For Jerseys, si...
Chaochao Hu1,2, Xue Xu1, Wenjia Yao1, Wei Liu3, Deyun Tai1, Wan Chen4 and Qing Chang1*
... the complete mitogenome sequence of H. ostralegus, and illustrating mitogenomes structure and investigating their evolutionary relationship by comparing 31 species in Charadriiformes.The complete mitochondrial genome of H. ostralegus is a circular molecule of 16,798 bp in length and the overall nucleotide composition of H-strand was A: 31.45%, T: 23.46%, C: 31.30%, G: 13.79%. In Charadriiformes mitogenomes, AT skews values were positive, while t...
Jun Yan Bai*, Yu Chen, Qi Hang Hu, Zhi Hao Dong, Ying Lei, You Bing Yang, Shu Juan Zhao and You Zhi Pang
...ts were used to directly sequence the polymorphism of exon 4 of ESR gene in three quail populations (Chinese yellow quail, Korean quail, Beijing white quail) and analyze the association between ESR gene and growth traits of quails. The results show that three genotypes, CC, CT and TT, were detected in exon 4 of ESR1 gene in three quail populations. The highest frequencies of TT gene were 0.409 and 0.617 in China yellow quail and Korean qua...
Nagarathinam Arunkumar*, Jainullabudeen Gulsar Banu, Nagarajan Gopalakrishnan and Arkalgud Hiriyannaiah Prakash

 

...sis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, lipase-positive strains were classified into six genera, namely, Pseudoxanthomonas, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Providencia, Enterobacter, and Serratia. Acinetobacter lwoffii PSAD2 and A. beijerinckii PSAD7isolatesshowed the maximum lipase production of 2.3 U/mL and 1.7 U/mL, respectively, in the quantification process. In addition, the growth curve analysis confirmed th...
Liyun Chang1, Yingbin Chen1, Qian Kang1, JianhuaQin1,* and Zhiyong Liu2,*
...esigned according to the sequence of mouse cytokines in GenBank. The expression levels of the cytokines were normalized to GAPDH gene expression. Fluorescence threshold (Ct value) obtained from RT-QPCR2-ΔΔCt method with GAPDH standard curve (linearity R2=1), followed by sequencing analysis showed that all tested cytokines were amplified. The PCR products exhibited consistent melting curves, suggesting reliable specificity of t...
Manar M. Farouk1*, Amal El-Molla1, Fayez A. Salib1 and Yousef A. Soliman2
...ee for the partial codon sequence of stn gene of some recovered strains in order to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of practical preventive measures. A total number of 518 diarrheic sheep and goats belonging to 7 mixed flocks of sheep and goats were enrolled and from which rectal swabs were collected and subjected to culture for Salmonella spp. Enterotoxin (stn) gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR...
Nida Sadaqat1, Abdul Wajid2, Quratul Ain2, Muhammad Zia Akbar2Farkhanda Manzoor4, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Nasir Ali3,  Masroor Ellahi Babar3 and Tanveer Hussain3*
...isms in PRNP gene sequences in 49 wild Punjab urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis). Four novel amino acids polymorphisms (p.Q149E, p.Q155E, p.Y228L and p.L253F) were detected in PRNP gene. The urial was monomorphic at codon 149 and 155 and polymorphic at codon 228 and 253. These amino acid polymorphisms were combined in four alleles and six genotypes. Investigating the polymorphisms at codon 136, 154 and 171, the only genotype ARQ/ARQ was dete...
Sadaf Ashraf1, Masood Ahmed Siddiqui1*, Kanwal Nisa1, Samar Ali1 and Naeem Rashid2
...f 58 kDa. The amino acid sequence contained the four conserved regions that are a characteristic of GH13 family members. Recombinant Pcal_0222 was purified to apparent homogeneity using cation exchange and gel filtration column chromatographies. Purified Pcal_0222 exhibited optimal α-amylase activity at 85°C and pH 5.5. The activity was not dependent on any metal ion. The hyperthermophilic nature and metal ion independence make it a suitable candidat...

Adel M. Abdelrahman1, Sahar R. Mohamed1, Soliman M. Soliman2, Sherif Marouf3* 

... of camel has serious consequences for human health, so, this study aimed to characterized of P. aeruginosa especially extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing one; phenotypic and genotypic. The isolates of P. aeruginosa were confirmed biochemically by a Vitek 2 compact system (bioMe´rieux). Suspected P. aeruginosa colonies carry ESBL were 56.6% by the double disc synergy test (DDST). Detection of virulence genes using pslA, toxA and exoU gen...
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
... employing 16S rRNA gene sequence identification technique. B. subtilis yielded highest chitinase on CPM at pH 7 with 3% inoculum size after incubating at 37 °C for 3 days. Plackett-Burman design was used for screening of medium components. The optimization of concentration of significantly impacted medium components for chitinase production was carried out using central composite design of response surface methodology. The maximum chitinase product...

Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1* and Faisal Amin2

...plified using RT-PCR and sequenced to perform mutational analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that B2 sub-lineage is endemic in the country as all isolated H9N2 strains belongs to this clade of G-1 lineage. Two isolated H9N2 strains A/Chick/Pak/303/2018 and A/Chick/Pak/436/2019 contain six glycosylation sites instead of seven as found in their ancestral strains. A comparative analysis of neuraminidase amino-acids sequence

Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1*, Malik Saddique Mehmood1 and Faisal Amin2

...plified using RT-PCR and sequenced to analyze mutations in this viral segment. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed sequences from 2015 to 2017 form a single evolving clade. Valdar residues conservation scores by multiple sequence alignment showed the C terminal region of NEP protein is conserved while C terminal region of effector domain (ED) of NSI protein exhibit mutations. These mutations...
Lin Ye, Jie-Lan Jiang*, Jia Xu, Rui-Ting Liu, Yin-Qiu Tian, Qing-Qing Zang, Jia-Yi Cao and Ming-Guang Mao*
...-salinity stress, a cDNA sequence of CLCN5 (TrCLCN5) was cloned from Takifugu rubripes using the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) technique. The results showed that TrCLCN5 cDNA contained a complete open reading frame of 2505 bp continuously encoding 834 amino acid residues. Sequence alignments revealed that the TrCLCN5 cDNA is highly homologous (96.2% and 96.1%) with that of Takifugu bimaculatus and Takifugu flavidus. Sig...

Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Kutkat1, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Baki1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Omnia Mohamed Kutkat2, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1 

...presence of NDV and then sequenced. Our results demonstrated that, RT-PCR was successfully detecting 62 NDV samples. While, Sequencing and phylogenesis of six selected isolates revealed that, all isolates were virulent NDV with amino acid motive 112RRQKRF117 at F protein cleavage site. Furthermore, all isolates were clustered together with NDV genotype VII.1.1 (former GVIId) in a high similarity with previously reported strains from Egypt since 2012 till now, ...

Shaokun Lu1,2, Ronghua Li1,2*, Chunlin Wang1,2, Changkao Mu1,2 and Weiwei Song1

...oped from EST (expressed sequence tag) database of Portunus trituberculatus. Polymorphism evaluation was tested on 30 wild individuals of P.trituberculatus collected from Xiangshan, Zhejiang province, China. The minor allele frequency ranged between 0.292 and 0.500, with an average of 0.384. The expected and observed heterozygosities (He and Ho) ranged from 0.422 to 0.545 and from 0.000 to 1.000 respectively. Four loci were found deviate significantly from Har...

Lin Huang1, Ling Mai2, Keyan Zhong1 and Xinjun Chen3*

...rtiary structures, multi sequence alignment and molecular evolutionary tree of SeFABP were predicted and analyzed. On this basis, SeFABP was whole-genome synthesized and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector. The recombinant plasmid pET-30a(+)-SeFABP was constructed, then transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) and induced by IPTG. The purified SeFABP was obtained by Ni-IDA resins affinity chromatography, and were finally confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot...

Abdul Jabbar*, Anees-Ul-Hussnain Shah, Abdul Basit, Ghulam Ahmad, Aftab Ahmad Khan, Suleman Raza, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi, Imtiaz Akram Khan Niazi and Ahmad Hussain

...A study to assess the consequence of different sowing methods on seed production of berseem (SB-11) was directed at Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakistan during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Different sowing methods, broadcast and row spacing of 15cm, 30cm, 45cm, 60cm apart were used. Plant height (cm), number of capsules/m2, number of seeds/capsule, 1000-grains weight (g) and seed yield (kg/ha) parameters were studied. It was observed that sowing methods had a...

Jing Fu

...xpression of specific AT sequence binding protein 2 (SATB2 Group) and Cytokeratin 20 (CK20 Group) in mucinous ovarian tumors and their correlation with tumor pathological classification and prognostic outcome. One hundred and sixty cases of ovarian mucinous tumors diagnosed from January 2018 and January 2020 were selected. They were divided into four groups: mucinous cystadenocarcinoma group (age 62.78±7.92, n=53), borderline mucinous cystadenocarcinoma...

Zhang Dong-jie1, He Xin-miao1,2, Wang Wen-tao1,2 and Liu Di1,2*

...ortheast wild boars were sequenced and the analysis yielded 8,988,338 non-redundant SNPs plus 1,231,680 InDels. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed based on previously published SNP data from 66 individual pigs. Both analyses indicated the Min pig fell between the European and Asian pigs, while the Northeast wild boar was closely related to the Asian domestic and wild pig breeds. Selective sweep analysis i...
Hadia Gul1, Abdul Haleem Shah1, Ricardo Harripaul2, Anna Mikhailov2, Ejaz Ullah Khan3, Wasim Shah3, Nisar Ahmad3, John B Vincent2,4 and Muzammil Ahmad Khan3*
... tissue. The clinical consequences of OCA includes whitish skin, whitish to golden hair and photophobia. Genetic studies have so far reported seven non-syndromic OCA genes, among which Pakistani OCA families mostly segregate TYR and OCA2 gene mutations. In the present study we aimed to investigate the genetic factor of OCA in a consanguineous family from Pakistan. Genetic analysis was performed through microarray genotyping and homozygosity-by-descent (HBD) ma...

Amtul Jamil Sami*, Sehrish Bilal and Syeda Anum Zahra

...nd minor changes in this sequence can affect its expression in blood. The PCR amplicon was sequenced and analyzed for homology with the help of BLAST search. Surprisingly, along with various point mutations in this region, we found that a considerable base sequence upstream exon 1 was similar to Bos mutus (yakQH1 chromosome 19) and did not align with reported Bubalus bubalis GH

Junaid Ahmad1*, Shazma Anwar1, Anwar Ali Shad2, Sher Shah Souri1, Bibi Amina3, Wajia Noor4, Abidullah1 and Muhammad Adil1

...basis of experimental consequences, it is clinched that mungbean crop with application of molybdenum and phosphorus at rate of 1.5 and 60 kg ha-1 boosted yield and yield attributes and thus recommended for higher productivity in agro ecological zone of study area.

...

G. Basana Gowda*, N.B. Patil, M. Sahu, S.R. Prabhukarthikeyan, S. Raghu, G.P. Pandi, T. Adak, C.K. Swain, S. Pokhare, S.D. Mohapatra and P.C. Rath 

...ative. The 16S rRNA gene sequences displayed 96 to 100 per cent homology to other 16S rRNA gene of strains within the National Centre for Biotechnological information (NCBI), Genbank. Among different bacteria strains, two, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were reported from resistant populations. Other species belonged to Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Klebsiella pneumonia (all four from resistant populations...

Saima Mustafa1, Firdous Bukhari1, Muhammad Nazar Aftab1, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Amjad1, Maryam Ijaz1, Muhammad Latif2 and Furhan Iqbal1*

...of inheritance. Multiple sequence alignment by Clustal Omega revealed that domain of COL10A1 containing mutations is highly conserved. In conclusion, we are reporting a previously reported a missense mutation in COL10A1 gene that is causing MCDS in a large consanguineous Pakistani family.

...

Farheen Aslam*, Hira Lodhi, Rasheeda Bashir, Faiza Saleem and Shagufta Naz

...cter freudii showed 100% sequence homology. It is concluded that there is high prevalence of blaNDM-1 among carbapenem resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from patient suffering from different diseases at local tertiary care hospital of Lahore.

...

Shahid Sherzada1,2*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1 and Masroor Ellahi Babar2

... was used to amplify and sequence a short region of COI gene in mitochondrial DNA. The identification of sequenced samples was done by NCBI (98-99%) and BOLD (99%) databases. The sequence data analysis represented 15 variable polymorphic sites and 4 haplotypes. Mean haplotypes and nucleotide diversity was 0.42 and 0.0018, respectively. The mean intraspecific and intragenric K2P genetic dis...

Tahir Munir Butt1*, Azra2, Muhammad Luqman3, Naveed Farah4 and Muhammad Yaseen3

...plore the rewards and consequences of wastewater irrigation in vegetables in the central Punjab. Two highly populated districts of the Punjab (Lahore & Faisalabad) were purposively selected as the targeted research area. Data were collected from randomly selected 120 vegetable growers from each district who used to do vegetable farming using wastewater. Total sample size of the study was 240 vegetable growers. Quantitative and qualitative data were collect...
Aly M. Ghetas1*, Dalia M. Sedeek1, Hanaa S. Fedawy1, M.A. Bosila1, Asmaa M. Maatouq1, Hoda M. Mekky1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi1,2, Mohamed M. Amer3
... The obtained nucleotide sequences of partial portion of VP2 gene of 2 isolates revealed 97.0 - 100% and 91.2-92.5% identity with the Egyptian strains and vaccine strains respectively. Finally, significant genetic changes in our IBDV isolates were observed as comparing to vaccine strains. Thus, continuous monitoring of IBDV outbreaks in vaccinated chickens and evaluation of the used vaccines are required.
 
Keywords | IBDV, Identi...

Fan Da1,3, Zheng-Yong Wen1,2*, Xiao-Dong Wang4 and Yu Luo5

... acids. Multiple protein sequences alignment revealed that UCP2 protein sequences were highly conserved among vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis suggested the evolutionary process of fish ucp2 was consistent with species evolution, and the pvucp2 shared a close relationship with electric eel ucp2. Quantitative PCRs showed that pvucp2 was extensively expressed in all detected tissues, with the highest expression in liver. Two...

Asli Salcioglu

...y incorrectly classified sequences on the GenBank database. The results of the haplotype network and phylogenetic trees show three distinct Spicara haplotypes/haplogroups, corresponding to three different species. Additionally, the number of mutations and high values of sequence divergences were useful in differentiating the three different Spicara.

...

Hua Liu, Wei Hou, Li Peng, Changjun Peng, Yansen Cai and Jing Li*

...ased on the whole genome sequences of Macaca thibetana, we successfully developed 26 SNP loci that were sensitive to non-invasive samples, then based on which, genetic diversity and population structure of three populations of M. thibetana were estimated. Our results showed the novel SNP loci were polymorphic and bi-allelic. The observed and expected heterozygosity across 38 individuals varied from 0.184-0.605 and 0.405-0.506, respectively. The minor allele fr...

Roshana Mukhtar1, Shaheen Shahzad1*, Sajid Rashid2, Maryam Rozi2, Madiha Rasheed3, Imran Afzal4 and Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq5

...CEP has been linked to a sequence variant of UROS on chromosome 10q252-q263. The enzyme catalyzes the fourth step of heme synthesis pathway. The present study focused on the clinical assessment of CEP affected individuals in a Pakistani consanguineous family by Sanger sequencing of UROS gene to identify potential pathogenic sequence variants. CEP patients were identified using successive clinical tests. Blood samples of pati...

Ahmed M. Darwish1*, Hassan R. Darwish1, Dalia M. Mabrouk1, Mohamed A. Abdelhafez1, Ahmed M. Abdel-Salam2, Ibrahim E. Mohamed3, Ibrahim M. Farag1 

...), and then validated by sequence analysis. The results of SSCP-PCR showed a monomorphic pattern for the β-LG gene and a polymorphic pattern for the LEP gene. The sequence analysis showed that the β-LG gene has one genotype without any single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) while the LEP gene has two genotypes (CC and CT) with one SNP at position 194 C>T. The statistical analysis of milk and genotypes data showed ...

Aml M. Ragab1*, Maha R. Basyoni1, Enas A.I. Khoris2, Nadia A. Abd Elghany3 

...a, 16% from Mullet. Gene sequences were determined for the groEL PCR products generated from 28 references B. cereus group strains and our isolates. Comparison of sequences showed that our strain groups were identical to others in nucleotide sequence similarity, ranging from 98% to 100%. The topology of the groEL- based trees was comparable to that of the phylogenetic tree from B. cereus g...

Zaniar A. Abas1, Mohammed Omer Baba Sheikh2,5*, Hardi N. Aziz3, Omed I. Abid4 

...led that the field virus sequences from the present study were divided into two main phylogenetic groups (cluster A and cluster B), 10 new CPV-2a from a field isolate belonging to cluster A with (china-MF423125) and (Italian-MK348096) strains with high identities 99.20%-99.70%. The cluster B are contained 5/2 CPV-2b/c of a field isolate with (Thailand-MH711902) and (china-MG013488) strains with high identities range of 98.80%-99.70. The current study on the mo...

Nour H. Abdel-Hamid1*, Walid Elmonir2, Eman I. M. Beleta1, Rania I. Ismail1, Momtaz Shahein1, Mahmoud E. R. Hamdy1 

...eeded for other advanced sequence-based genotyping tools. Further studies on a large scale are required to ensure the reproducibility of both techniques.

Keywords | Brucella, dendrogram, ERIC-PCR, genotypes, RAPD-PCR. 

...

Zilu Zhang1, Ning Wang2, Ce Hou1, Laiba Shafique1, Saif ur Rehman1, Zhuyue Wu2, Zhiqiang Wang1, Mingsong Wei3* and Kuiqing Cui1*

...agment were amplifed and sequenced. A 12.814kb sequence was assembled containing the whole goat PIS region both in horned goats and in polled goats, which mean there were no 11.7 kb deletion in the Guanzhong dairy goats.The polymorphisms sites in PIS region of horned and polled Guanzhong dairy goats were identified, and a total of 30 polymorphisms sites were confirmed (A648T, T652C, G1107C, T2594C, G2820A, G3556A, A3573G, T3...

Chandni Wajid1, Abdul Hameed Baloch1, Ahmed Nawaz Khosa1*, Hubdar Ali Kaleri2, Nasrullah Bangulzai1, Sarfraz Ali Fazlani1, Haleema Sadia3, Saeeda Kalsoom4, Muhammad Bilawal Arain2, Wassem Ali Vistro2 

...ormed. PCR products were sequenced and analyzed for observing genetic variation in PROP1 gene of these four sheep breeds of Balochistan. The result for PROP1 gene analysis showed 7 variations including 3 frame shift and 4-point mutations with c.63G>A, c.83G>A, c.94G>T, c.104C>G, c.237G>A, c.432T>C and c.450C>T were observed in all three exons of PROP1 gene of Balochi, Bibrik, Harnai and Rakhshani sheep breed of Balochistan. The phenotypic ...
Mohamed Lebdah1, Sahar Abd El Rahman2*, Ahmed Attia3, Reham Karam2, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1, Mohamed Ibrahim El Bagoury1
... of virus virulence. The sequenced isolate was grouped in class II genotype VII.1.1 with small distance from NDV strains in chickens and turkeys which is alarming for the potential transmission of NDVs from quails to other poultry species.
 
Keywords | Newcastle disease, Quails, RT-PCR, F gene, Pathological changes, Class II genotype VII.1.1
...

Hend K. Sorour, Mohammed A. M. Saleh, Azhar G. Shalaby* 

...tance, Mcr-1, Nucleotide sequence, Poultry, PCR 

...

Heba Abdo Basha1, Walaa Slouma Hamouda Abd El Naby2*, Samya Erian Ibrahim3, Abeer Fikry Elnahas2 

...2. The 3’UTR-IGF-2 sequence showed 14 SNPs in high body weight and three SNPs in low body weight. The carcass weight percentage didn’t change significantly for high or low body weight. While carcass cuts percentage increased in high body weight birds compared to low weight. We conclude that no association was present between the SNPs recorded neither at MSTN coding region nor at IGF-2-3’UTR and the body weight or carcass traits. Further studi...

Mohamed. E. Taha1, Mohamed S. Ahmed2, Ahmed I. Ahmed2, Amany Adel3, Salama Rehab4,5*, Nabila Osman2** 

...lutinin gene. Amino acid sequences showed that these isolates were identical to the Asian strain “A Quail-HongKong-G1-97” (91-92%), as well as the other Egyptian strains “A/chicken/Egypt/ME543V/2016” (99-100%), and “A/quail/Egypt/113413v/2011” (98-99%). Also, six of the N-glycosylation sites were identical to the Hong Kong isolate “HK/G1/97”, while the other two glycosylation sites at amino acid residues “...

Sri Melia1*, Indri Juliyarsi1, Yulianti Fitri Kurnia1, Evy Rossi2, Hurriya Alzahra3

... by analysis of the base sequence of the 16S RNA gene. The whey for this study was collected in Lasi Farm in Agam Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The data was subsequently subJected to descriptive analysis. The bacteria obtained were rod-shaped that were catalase negative and homofermentative. Lactic acid bacteria were found to have antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, Pseudomonas, Listeria inokua and Klebsiella pneumonia. Base...
Amreen Zahra1*, Mushtaq A. Saleem2, Hasnain Javed3, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
...e selection pressure and sequence conservation among the HIV-1 isolates in Pakistan. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that HIV subtype A1 was found to be the most predominant subtype found in Pakistani population with 30% ratio among the isolates, 10% was of CRF02_AG, Subtype C a potential recombinant had 3.33% and unique recombinant form URFs accounted for 13.3% in the HIV Gag sequences. All Pol (URFs) demonstrated 40% of...

A. El-Shemy1*, Hoda M. Mekky2, M. A. Bosila2, A. M. Allam1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi2, M. M. Amer3 

...respectively. Nucleotide sequences alignment analysis of the 3D gene exhibited 92.5%–98.6% homology between our sequenced isolates. The three examined isolates had 77.4%–80.2% nucleotide similarities with the most frequently used DHAV-1 vaccine in Egypt. However, the phylogenetic relationship using the partial 3D protein revealed that the isolated Egyptian strains in this study were distant from the vaccine strai...

Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Minh Thanh Tram1, Thi Thu Pham1, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Cong Thieu Pham3, Nguyen Khang Duong4 

...ified. Examination of 49 sequence variants in 599 bp of the control region revealed the nucleotide composition was Adenine (A) = 32.55%, Thymine (T) = 28.33%, Guanine (G) = 14.67%, Cytosine (C) = 24.87% and G+C content was 39.12%. Out of a total of 50 nucleotide polymorphic sites, 48 were transition and 2 were transversion, with 21 haplotypes observed. Nucleotide and haplotype diversity indices (π and Hd) were 0.03005 and 0.889, respectively. The genetic di...

Mostafa El-Sebelgy1*, Hanafy Madbouly2, Sabry Tamam2, Nagwa Ata1, Kawther Zaher1

 

...and primers for multiple sequence alignment. Multiple extrinsic proteins [NS1, NS3 and VP3 of African Horse Sickness Virus (AHSV) and NS3 of Equine Encephalosis Virus (EEV)] were detected and at the same time, integration events were examined in this study. This research work entails unpredicted integration of foreign non-BTV viral proteins (NS1, NS3 and VP3 of AHSV and NS3 for EEV). The multiple sequence alignment models el...

Xiangli Dong1,2, Shilin Mikhail Borisovich2, Jiji Li1,*, Jianyu He1, Zeqin Fu1, Yingying Ye1, Julia N. Lukina3, Olga V. Apalikova4 and Jianshe Zhang1

.... The MRC1 and MRC2 cDNA sequences have been analyzed and characterized in the large yellow croaker, a highly valued, farm raised fish that is vulnerable to many infections. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that MRC1 and MRC2 mRNAs were expressed in eight different large yellow croaker tissues, and that their expression was up-regulated by Vibrio anguillarum challenge. Here, we performed membrane protein analysis and epitope analysis to ...

Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Pham Kim Ngan Nguyen1, Thao Huong Phan1, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Cong Thieu Pham3, Cong Dinh Nguyen3, Nguyen Khang Duong4 

...tnam based on nucleotide sequence in a displacement loop (D-loop) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Thirty-one blood samples that were collected from three native buffalo populations such as Bao Yen (BY: 7 samples), LangBiang (LB: 7 samples) and Thanh Chuong (TC: 7 samples) and two imported buffaloes from Thailand (T: 5 samples) and India (Murrah – M: 5 samples) were extracted for total DNA and amplified about 760 bp mtDNA fragment, with 576 bp in the D-loop...

Ali Wahdan1*, Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Manal Munier2, Elsayyad M. Ahmed3, Marwa Abo Hashem1  

...mastitic milk (A13) were sequenced with other genome sequences retrieved from the GenBank. Ten samples (9.17%) were S. aureus from human, while 3 samples (1.24%) were S. aureus and 2 samples (0.83%) were coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS) from animal sources. The multiple sequences alignments (MSA) and phylogenetic tracking proved the genetic similarity among A9, A12 and A13 from (hu...

Anara Ryskeldina, Indira Iskakova, Nurgul Sarina , Alexander Shevtsov , Laura Syzdykova, Alexander Shustov, Yerlan Ramankulov, Marat Kuibagarov* 

...reporting its nucleotide sequence. Bacterial expression of a portion of the natural gene encoding a mature form of boPAG1 failed. But a fusion protein made up of E. coli thioredoxin and boPAG1 was efficiently expressed in E. coli. Using the recombinant protein as an antigen, mAbs were generated. One mAb reacted with a protein present in extracts from cow placenta. The described results are useful for creating immunological reagents to detect pregnancy in cows,...

Muhammad Ismail1, Jabbar Khan1*, Zahid Rauf2, Khalid Khan3 and Muhammad Rafi1

...ough PCR for 2 different sequences of ESR1 gene. Twelve normal individuals of different ages were also characterized. Amplified products were digested with Xbal and Pvull restriction enzymes and were electrophoresed to visualize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); rs9340799 (G>A) and rs2234693 (C>T) in ESR1 gene. The amplified product of 524bp of rs9340799 sequence of ESR1 gene was treated with Xbal restriction enz...

Aulia Nurul Saputri, I Komang Gede Wiryawan, Dilla Mareistia Fassah*, Dewi Apri Astuti 

...ified using the 16S rRNA sequence homology and molecular identification. The LAB isolates were also tested for antimicrobial and hemolysis activities. Five isolates from BSF larvae reared on chicken manure substrate and three isolates from BSF larvae reared on palm kernel substrate showed a gram-positive bacteria characteristic. The LAB isolates from BSF larvae reared on chicken manure and palm kernel meal substrate showed no different in inhibition zones agai...

Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Ehsan Ullah1, Ali Raza1 and Muhammad Asif3

...nd having detrimental consequences for the environment and human health. To address these issues, we must turn to ecologically friendly alternatives like vermicompost tea and vermicompost, which not only increase crop growth and production while lowering diseases and pests over time, but also protect environment and human health. Vermicomposting is the process of breaking down and stabilizing solid organic waste to produce fine organic rich manure that can be ...

Muhammad Usman1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Nasir Mehmood2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1 and Mamoona Chaudhry3

...l. Phylogenetically, our sequences clustered with B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. bavariensis, B. garinii, and B. bissettii sequences sourced from different hosts worldwide. Sequences showed 40.2%-99.1% sequences identity among them and 39%–98.3% with previously reported sequences on NCBI GenBank. Our

Fawziah M. Albarakaty* 

...hemical with few side consequences is one of the most crucial phases in microbiological research because microbial resistance to chemical antimicrobial is the prevalent crisis in the therapeutic community. Objective: Therefore, this work aims to ascertain which phytochemical components can be recycled and added to the diet of animals while also examining the antibacterial, antifungal efficacy of plum (Prunus domestica L.) peel extracts on certain crucial аni...

Marat Kuibagarov1, Assylbek Zhylkibayev1, Dinara Kamalova1, Anara Ryskeldina1, Nurdina Yerzhanova1, Yerlan Ramankulov1, Alexandr Shevtsov1*, John A Angelos2  

... bovoculi, the pilA gene sequence was determined for 35 isolates of M. bovoculi. Ten genotypes (gNA1-gNA10) were identified which were 96.1% to 99.8% identical. It was found that as a result of the replacement of cytosine with thymine at the 97th position of the gNA8 genotype, a stop codon resulted which, if expressed, would have resulted in a truncated PilA. Phylogenetic analyses of the deduced amino acid sequences of PilA...

Tinda Afriani*, Endang Purwati, Yurnalis, Jaswandi, Mangku Mundana, Adisti Rastosari, Anna Farhana  

... amplified products were sequenced. The results showed that the population of Pesisir cattle used in this study was polymorphic. There were 5 polymorphisms in the exon 9 and intron 9 regions, which were located at the 18 A>G, 213 T>C, +49 A>T, +232 A>C, and +252 G>A. There were 3 transition type mutations (at positions 8, 213 and +252) and 2 transversion type mutations (at positions +49 and +232). Based on the result of this study, it can be sta...

Lobna M.A. Salem, Nashwa O. Khalifa, Marwa O. Abd El-Halim* 

...s of forward and reverse sequences of the ITS2 of the rDNA gene that amplified in 300bp. Out of 286 slaughtered animals {88 sheep, 26 goats, 68 cattle, 25 buffaloes and 79 camels} in the regions of Qualyobia, 51 (17.8%) had Fasciola spp. morphologically {27/51(52.9%) were identical to F. hepatica while 18/51(35.3%) were identical to F. gigantica, 3/51(3.9%) were larval stages and 3/51(3.9%) mixed infections}. DNA from 10 flukes extracted, amplified, and analyz...

Jie Yang1, Wenjun Zhou2, Qi Zhang2, Lei Chu2, Zhenshi Chen1, Xiajun Zhang2, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang1* and Lihui Wang1*

...gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST). 388 clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae were identified, of which 373, 329, 298, 5, 11 and 5 strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, AZM, spectinomycin and ceftriaxone, respectively. The mutation detection of AZM-R related gene showed that there were single (A) nucleotide deletion mutation in mtrR promoter region, G45D mutation in mtrR coding region, G70 mutation in rplD and A2047G ...

Hamenya Mpemba1, Fan Yang1, Kirsty J. MacLeod2,3, Dusu Wen1, Yan Liu1,4 and Guangshun Jiang1,*

...ch can have important consequences for investment in foraging, movement, and mating, and for the behaviour and habitat use of other species, such as mesopredators. These changes in prey and mesopredator behaviours are likely mediated by the presence of predator cues in the environment. Here, we test how different predator cues (visual and odor) from familiar and novel predators (brown bear and Amur tiger, respectively) influence ungulate, mesopredator, and top...

Jie Li, Gaofu Wang, Xiaoyan Sun, Lin Fu, Peng Zhou* and Hangxing Ren*

...dy cloned goat KITL gene sequence, predicted the physicochemical properties of the gene-encoding protein, and analyzed the different expression level in goat tissue. The result showed that the coding region of goat KITL gene was 825-bp long and encoded 274 amino acids. The goat KITL amino acid sequence had high homology with this molecule in other mammalian species. And the KITL gene was extensively expressed at 0-, 12-, and...

Samina Kausar1, Rana Badar Aziz2, Muhammad Waseem3, Muhammad Ahmad3, Hamza Shafiq4, Muhammad Asim5, Usama Zia6, Sobia Afzal7, Wanpeng Xi8*, Mansoor Hameed1* and Muhammad Usman Shoukat9

...iculture but also has consequences for scientific research in terms of organic, chemical, and molecular or genetic regulation. Carotenoid metabolism and its regulatory network is not only increasing plant “defense” but also enhance the quality of plants. In this overview article, we summarize the results of current research studies on carotenoid metabolism, knowledge about genetic information, and enzymes that are involved in carotenoid metabolism ...

Ty Nguyen, Giang Thi Huong Phung, Lan Le Thuy Hoang and Giang Van Tran*

...ng lagoon. Amplified and sequenced 10 samples of CO1 gene of M. cunnesius sample in Tam Giang lagoon were recorded size of 650 bp. The average ratio of four types of nucleotides is A: 23.38%; T: 32.62%; G:18.15%; C: 25.85%. The rate of difference in CO1 sequences of the 2 samples is low compared to previous studies. The similarity coefficient of M. cunnesius in the two areas of Tam Giang lagoon is very high (0.9953). 

Asma Basharat1, Abdul Wajid2*, Andleeb Batool1, Tayyeba Batool3, Abdul Basit4, Kamran Abbas5, Aziz Ullah1 and Mahmood Shaukat6

...thy controls revealed no sequence variants in these locations. The present report is first of its kind in Pakistani population. The findings suggest that TBX22 polymorphisms may responsible for a significant proportion of non-syndromic CP cases in Pakistani population and confirming its importance as a frequent cause of non-syndromic CP across various populations. The robustness of the association between TBX22 and CP is worth further examination in the future...

Hams M.A. Mohamed1*, Katreen K.G.2, M.W. Abd Al-Azeem1, Faysal A. Wasel2, Ahmed M. Abd-Eldayem3 

...re subjected to 16S rRNA sequence analysis and identified as L. innocua (three isolates) and L. welshimeri (two isolates). The antibiotic susceptibility profiling revealed multidrug resistance of L. monocytogenes strains against several antimicrobials in addition, they harbored antibiotic resistance genes, including. ampC, aad6, tetM each present in 100% of our isolates and mefA (37.5%). Furthermore, different virulence genes, including the most often found vi...

Abdul Kabir1, Muhammad Rasheed2, Hubdar Ali Kaleri5, Depeesh Kumar Bhuptani3, Mithan Kumar4, Raza Ali Mangi6, Abdul Wahid Solangi4, Sheva Dari1, Saqib Kakar4, Panah Munir4, Ekra Akbar4 and Rameez Raja Kaleri4,5*

... breathiness. Its genome sequence homology study also showed that the nucleotide sequence of human corona virus (SARS Cov-2 virus) is 87.5 percent to 96.3 percent identical to bat-borne corona viruses. Factory closures, IT parks, restaurants, shopping centers, and multiplexes are relatively easy to close during lockdowns, but agriculture and animal husbandry are more difficult to close; these industries will continue to prod...

Sara Magdy Hashim1, Elshaimaa Ismael2, Mohamed Tarek3, Faten Fathy Mohammed1*, Fatma Amer Abdel Reheem3, Rawhia Esawy Doghaim1 

...on, the full HA gene was sequenced, followed by phylogenetic analysis according to the year examined, mortality rate, positive results of RT- qPCR with low Ct value (H5 and N8 were 15 and 20 respectively). The phylogenetic tree revealed that H5N8 field isolate clustering in clade 2.3.4.4b. The histopathological hallmarks, in H5N8 naturally infected ducks, included acute inflammatory, necrotic and vascular reactions that involve different tissues. The immunohis...

He-Cai Zhang, Tian-Ge Hu, Chang-Ying Shi, Guang-Wen Chen* and De-Zeng Liu

...l Cytb and nuclear ITS-1 sequences of 120 individuals from 20 populations were analyzed. The results showed that 46 haplotypes were detected in total, including 10 shared haplotypes and 36 private ones. The overall haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) were 0.961 and 0.00157, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship and haplotype network analysis indicated that there was no obvious correspondence between the haplotypes and the geographica...

Abdurakhim E. Kuchboev1*, Mehmonjon Kh. Egamberdiyev2 

... Based on the nucleotide sequence data, three species of nematode larvae Protostrongylus rufescens, Muellerius capillaris, and Cystocaulus ocreatus were identified. According to the morphological characteristics of the studied land mollusсs, the shell structure was identified as six different morphotypes. After molecular genetics and morphological analyzes, these land molluscs belonged to 8 different species: Angiomphallia regeliana, Pseudonapaeus albiplicatu...
Chunlan Shan1, Chaoying Liu1, Qin Lu1, Guowen Fu2, Syed Aftab Hussain Shah3, Rana Waseem Akhtar4, Ru Zhao2, Libo Gao2, Chang Liu2, Shushu Miao2, Hongdan Wang2 and Hong Gao2*

 

...4 and irp5) were cloned, sequenced and referenced with GenBank database. The sequence identities of irp1, irp2, irp3, irp4 and irp5 with GenBank were 98 %, 99 %, 99 %, 98 %, and 99 %, respectively. Forty-four E. coli isolates characterized similarity with enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), Y. pestis and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The secondary and tertiary structures of high molecular weight p...

Ilhama G. Kerimova1*, Viktor A.Krivokhatsky2, Merve N. Aydemir3 and Lala N. Mamedova4

...ext-align: justify;">COI sequences were obtained for 25 species of Neuroptera. It is difficult to recognize the immature antlions of Palpares libelluloides (Linnaeus, 1764) and P. turcicus with similar brown rings on the last abdominal segments. The specimen that could not be determined was marked as “Palpares sp. questionable”. The genetic method has finally solved this question; now Palpares sp. questionable (IGK15) is surely assigned to P. turci...
Xiao Zhang1, Guoqing Shen1, Yang Wang1, Pengdan Huang1,2, Yan Shui2, Zenghong Xu2 and Huaishun Shen1, 2*
...es, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are a type of DNA marker that are highly polymorphic in the genome. However, the microsatellite markers available for the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii are limited. In this study, a sizeable number of microsatellites were identified using the data of the P. clarkii genome survey generated from Illumina Hi-Seq PE sequencing. A total length of 1,625 Mb genomic sequence...

Barbosa Carla1*, Gregori Fabio2, Thomazelli Luciano1, Oliveira Amanda1, Araújo Jansen1, Ometto Tatiana1, Marcatti Roberta3, Nardi Marcelo3, Paludo Danielle4, Utecht Nathalia1 and Edison Durigon1

...e samples showed partial sequences of other regions of CoVs confirming their genotyping to Gammacoronavirus genus and proximity to important poultry diseases causative agents.

...

K. A. Tabassum, F. Shahina†, K. Nasira and Y. I. Erum

...nique ribosomal DNA-ITS, sequence. A compendium of the genus Oscheius
(of both insectivora and dolichura groups) based on the following characters: body length, tail, spicules and
gubernaculum length, ratios a, b, c, c' and vulva percentage is given. The morphometric and allometric characters
with anterior and posterior regions were derived from the original descriptions. An identification key to 42 valid
species...

A. M. Rahoo1,*, †, T. Mukhtar2, S. I. Abro3, S. R. Gowen1 and B. A. Bughio4

...e with the pernicious consequences of chemicals, use of entomopathogenic nematodes
(EPNs) is among the viable alternatives. The successful management by EPNs is dependent on their establishment in
soils, infectivity, persistence and pathogenicity for longer periods. In the present study, emergence of Steinernema
feltiae infective juveniles (IJs) from infected Galleria mellonella cadavers was monitored under moist and dry

W.M.A. El-Nagdi and M.M.A. Youssef†

...>Five different cropping sequences including cucumber, dry common bean, cowpea, maize and sesame plants
replacing sugar beet for controlling root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita resulted that sugar beet-Hybrid
maize and sugar beet-sesame cropping sequences proved most effective against root-knot nematode as they reduced
nematode parameters as indicated by ...

A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*

...f a cropping
sequence regime revealed that the average numbers in each stage greatly fluctuated. The density of juveniles or
cysts gradually increased with the favorable host (Giza 2 corn) to reach its peak at the crop maturity, while the
nematode population dropped sharply when the field became fallow. Likewise, the population densities of the
previous stages declined gradually even ...

F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen

...y
nucleotide sequences using three molecular makers viz; ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2 rDNA (seventy nine); D2-D3 and
28S (LSU) sequences of rDNA region (fifteen) and 12S rDNA mitochondrial gene (twenty nine) to investigate the
genetic diversity. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using two different methods maximum parsimony (MP) and
Bayesian inference (BI) in which most of them form...

Majid Ali*, Hafiz Abdul Majid, Farman Ullah, Tahir waseem, Muhammad Rashid Khan 

...omestic animals which consequence to huge economic losses. The present study was planned to determine the prevalence of haemoprotozoa of small ruminants in arid zone small ruminant research institute kohat from July 2017 to June 2021. The prevalence was studied in relation to species, seasons and different housing system or herds. Random blood samples were received and collected from the surrounding village of arid zone research institute kohat. A total of 726...

Songruo Tao1, Cuiyi Liao1, Jinju Peng1, Yuexia Ding1,* and Yi Ma1,2,*

...dues in soil on 16S rDNA sequence diversity of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria. Five different concentrations of florfenicol (0 mg·kg-1, 0.1 mg·kg-1, 1 mg·kg-1, 10 mg·kg-1 and 100 mg·kg-1) were used to collect soil samples on the 7 d, 21 d and 49 d after dosing. The effects of florfenicol on 16S rDNA sequence diversity of soil phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were determined by amplifed ri...
ASMA ABDUL LATIF*1, SAMREEN MUSHTAQ1, SABIHA FAZAL1, MUHAMMAD MANSHA2, & ATIF YAQUB3
...ant women has serious consequences on women as well as on fetus health. Present study was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women of Lahore, Pakistan.
239 blood samples of pregnant women were collected from Lady Walingdon hospital, Lahore along with other details on associated risk factors of infection. From these samples, 86 were randomly selected to be evaluated for the presence of IgG immunoglobulin by us...
Ayesha Ahsan1, Rabia Arif2*, Samina Nazir1, Muhammad Saleem2 and Memunna G. Shahid1
.... fimicola and reference sequence of S. fimicola. Total six polymorphic sites were observed in case of tubulin gene out of which 5 sites were common among strains isolated from the s-slope of Evolution Canyon (EC). Genetic variations in four nucleotides were observed for PKC gene i.e. C (150) T; C (186) A; C (429) G and T (521) A which were common for S1, S2 and S3 strains, while point mutation C (497) G was detected only in S2 and S3 strains. Post translation...
Syeda Fakhra Waheed1, Asim Aslam1*, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2 and Beenish Zahid3
...total of 4 isolates were sequenced based on partial VP1 and hyper-variable region of the VP2 genes simultaneously. According to phylogenetic analysis, the study isolates genotype A3B3 were identified as predominant strains in country backyard poultry. Concerning the identity matrix analysis of VP1 representative part, study isolates shared (87-88% nt; 95-96% aa) identity with the vvIBDV and (97-98% nt; 98-99% aa) with non-vvIBDV. While VP2 revealed (99-100% nt...

Omnia M. Khattab1, Morcos I. Yanni2, Hala K. Abdelmegeed2, Mahmoud Eliwa1, Naglaa M. Hagag1, Sara M. Elnomrosy1

...ercially used, detecting sequence changes related to virus virulence or tropism. In this study Fifty-seven fecal samples were collected from suspected cases of cats. 19 fecal samples were positive using Rapid FLV Ag test kits kit (VDRG FLV/FIV Ab rapid kit). Fifty-seven blood samples of the same animals were subjected for hematological examination to investigate the severity of leukopenia. Thirteen out of nineteen samples were positive with a polymerase chain ...

Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad1,2, Latiffah Hassan1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Hassan Ismail Musa1, 2*, Maswati Mat Amin3 

...racterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and analyzed against the environmental physicochemical properties from 33 livestock farms in four selected states of Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, and Selangor in Peninsular Malaysia. Multinomial logistic regression analysis found a significant association between soil water content and ST (sequence type) 84 (OR = 0.833, 95% CI: 0.708 to 0.980; p=0.027) when compared to ST51....

Enas K. Abo El-Maged, Azza H. El-Salakwy, Safia A. El-Gamal and Gehn Allam

...lify E6/E7 gene junction sequences. Twenty nine out of 100 (29%) samples of aborted products of conception were positive for HPV E6/E7 sequences. In comparison. only one of the placental tissue specimens was positive. All the specimens were positive for ꞵ-globin DNA. Positive PCR products were confirmed and subtyped by restriction endonuclease enzyme digestion. Seventeen were type 16. eight were type 18 and four were non-t...
M. A. Abou El- Nasr1, Kh. A. Dougdoug1, Hayam S. Abdelkader2, and Rehab A.
Dawoud2
...-EA strain had about 65% sequence homology with other strains of PPV and 45% similarity to the CP or PPV-D strain. A PCR fragment coding for the 43 C-terminal amino acids of the Nib and the N-terminal part of the CP (complete variable region plus 19 amino acids of the conserved core) was cloned and expressed into the pQE- 100 plasmid vector. Upon induction, the viral protein coat gene was expressed as 6xHis-tagged PPV/CP fusion protein in E. coli M15 cells. Th...

M. A. Amer1; M. H. El-Hammady2; H. M. Mazyad1; A. A. Shalabyl and F. M. Abo-El-abbas

...ot assay. The nucleotide sequence of the Egyptian isolate of PVY CP gene was determined to be 801 nucleotides in length encoding a deduced 267 amino acid. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a range of 96- 99.5 % sequence identity among the PVYNTN isolate (PVY-T, PVY SWS, PVY II and PVY NTN).

...

Om-Hashem M. EI-Banna1, M. A. S El-Kady2, E. A Salama1 and Salwa N. Zein2

...: justify;">Nucleic acid sequence comparison between the Egyptian strain (Gl19) and the American strain (ND 18) of Barley Stripe Mosaic virus (BSMV) revealed a high degree of sequence similarity of γ RNAs comparing to ß RNAs of both strains. On the Other hand, nucleotide, and amino acid sequences of the two strains revealed differences in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) betwee...

A.S. Gamal El din1; Sohair I. El-Afifi2; A. S. Sadik 2; Nashwa M. A. Abd El-Mohsen1; and H. M. Abdelmaksoud1

...ment inserted of CP gene sequence. PCR was performed using specific primers for PVYN CP gene. (3) The gene expression was performed using 100 µM IPTG & 2 µM biotin and incubation for 4h / 37 oC to produce biotinylated protein for E. coli with Mr 22.5 KDa and fusion protein with Mr ≈ 48 KDa consists or biotin tag and CP product or PVYN. (4) The protein was purified by softlink™ soft release avidin resin. About 2.85 mg/ml of the expre...

E. K. Allam.1; B. A. Othman.1; Hayam S. Abdelkader2; and Noher A. Mahmoud2

...gene or GFLV. Nucleotide sequences of the RT-PCR products confirmed that these sequences were amplified from the GFLV coat protein gene. A specific GFLV Dig labeled DNA probe was prepared by PCR and detected the GFLV virus in fresh leaves up to 10-5 dilution in dot blot hybridization assay. It was suggested that the inhibitory compounds released during the extraction of RNA constitute a limiting factor for the detection of G...

Om-Hashem M. El Banaa l, A.A. Abou Zeid2, Fawzia I. Moursy3 and Azza, G. Farag

...fic primers based on the sequence of the Morocco strains of S. citri Saglio (R8A2HP and G113) were used. Two pairs of primers SC. SC’ and SC8. SC9 were used. PCR fragment of correct size 330bp was amplified with primers SC. SC expressing spiralin gene and 760bp was amplified with primers SC8, SC9 for recA gene. No amplified products were obtained from samples of healthy citrus trees. Nucleic acid hybridization using non-radioactive DNA probes through sou...

Sahar. A. Shoman1 and B. A. Othman2

...lability of the database sequences (GenBank) provided a sensitive method for the detection or Tobacco mosaic virus- Egyptian strain (TMV-E). Total RNA extract of infected plant and RNA of purified TMV particles were subjected in this method with four degenerate and undegenerate primers. The primer pairs generated two specific PCR fragments of 3428 base pair (bp) and 3836 bp of the whole TMV genome. The intensity of these RT-PCR amplified products was estimated...
A.l. Abd El-Fattah; A.s. Saclik M.M. El-Kholi; I.A. Åbdcl-Hmnid and M.A. Madkour
...rity between the present sequence (SCMVEgvl) and that or the 14 overseas strains belonging to dillërent SCMV groups " as determined.
...

Seharish Munawar and Nuzhat Afsar*

...is and VDS (vas deferens sequence) in imposex female individuals. Imposex remained promising onlyat Gadani where imposex intensity was found 100% in females as when compared to other three sites. Whereas 1 to 4+ Vas deferens sequence (VDS) stages were observed in imposex females. Therefore, studies revealed the presence of imposex phenomena in targeted species at Gadani due to high concentration of leached out organometalic ...

Yue Guo1,2*, Hui Zhang1, Chun Sheng Wang1 and Hong Chang Zhou1

...r mRNA was separated and sequenced through the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Sequencing data were assembled into unigenes and transcripts. Finally, all unigenes and transcripts were annotated by querying the NR, Gene Ontology (GO), COG and KOG databases.A total of 71047 unigenes and 106652 transcripts were assembled. A. cantonensis was successfully annotated by the NR and GO databases, resulting in 8107 unigenes and 16105 transcripts. Meanwhile,...

Khitam J. Yahya*, Mohammed T. S. Al-Zubaidi 

...g molecular analysis and sequences. A total of 100 fecal samples were collected from quails in various parts of Baghdad/ Iraq from January to September, and they were then tested for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. using molecular methods (PCR), followed by DNA sequencing. The overall infection rate was 37% (37/100) of the samples were Cryptosporidium-positive by using PCR. Three of five quails whose 18S gene was amplified by nested PCR and

Ahmad Shahzaib1*, Tabish Raza2 and Aisha Areej2

... that have much worse consequences than the infection alone. Notably, the latest reports of high mucormycosis mortality and disease severity in India raise global concerns. Several studies have been reported that describe different levels of superinfections and disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Perhaps, there is just not enough data to distinguish between the worst outcomes of COVID-19 alone and coinfections, particularly when it comes to CS. Current clin...

Budi Guntoro1*, Agung Triatmojo1, Bambang Ariyadi2, Nguyen Hoang Qui1 

...ch could also cause a consequence to human health. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of farmer’s prevention practices to reduce the risk of Anthrax and FMD. A total of 868 farmers from 4 regions in Yogyakarta Province participated in this study through face-to-face interviews using a multi-stage random sample method and quota sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse primary data from the survey. Farmers were chosen by the criteria of ...

Fakhra Nazir1*, Sahar Fazal1 and Fakhar-i-Abbas2

...Corvidae. The nucleotide sequences were submitted to the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) and the eligible sequences were assigned the Barcode Index Numbers (BINs). The COI gene sequence data of 8 species of family Corvidae were retrieved from GenBank (NCBI) database and phylogenetic relationship was established in these 13 barcodes. K2-parameter distances were calculated on MEGA7 softwa...

Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Waqar Younus1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Yasir Iftikhar2*, Sonum Bashir2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2 and Azhar Hussain1

...itored regularly. The consequences of these biotic agents range from minor symptoms to catastrophic events that destroy whole fields. Plant protection units are needed to tackle these challenges to prevent future outbreaks. Herein, we describe significant diseases and pests that are catastrophic to GB’s crops in the future. In addition, this review shows how diseases and pests impact the yields of GB’s crops.

...

Mati Ullah1*, Muhammad Rizwan2, Ali Raza3, Xianlin Zhao4, Yanling Sun4, Sarah Gul5, Muhammad Ihtesham Waheed6, Muhammad Nadeem Khan7, Alvina Gul8, Sami Ullah Jan9* and Chao Huang4*

...while the protein-coding sequences (CDS) were in the range of 2544 to 2888. The pan-genome analysis of the three strains identified a total of 5449 genes with 377 as core genes. The functional characterization by subsystem category distribution analysis revealed “Carbohydrates” is the largest subsystem followed by “protein metabolism” while the biological pathway analysis by the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database id...

Ying Liu1,2, Ji-Yong Fang2, Na Zheng3 and Hai-Long Wu1*

...;">Here, we examined the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer1 (ITS1) region, the partial small ribosomal RNA gene (18S), and mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) genes of Seuratascaris schmackeri sp. nov., a member of ascaridoids, exhibiting characteristics of Ascaridoidea sensu Chabaud (1965) identified through microscopy. This new species was collected from the small intestine of the Chinese frog species Odorrana schmackeri Boettger, 1...

Muhammad Salman Ikram1, Tahir Mehmood1,2*, Sehrish Firyal3, Huma Sattar4, Shagufta Saeed3, Fareeha Nadeem3 and Muhammad Imran Mahmood Khan5

...tance of next generation sequence (NGS) as an advanced technology in forensic genetics. This manuscript also demonstrates the unique features of Y-STR markers and their different application in forensic like significance of population genetics and genealogical pattern of Y-chromosome STRs diversity in different regions of world which helps to understand the pattern of variation in DNA within and between species, importance of Y-STR in relation of its haplotype...
Umer Farooq1,2, Nimra Murtaza2, Abubakar Siddique1, Bilal Saleem1, Obaid Ur Rehman1, Nageen Zahra1, Muhammad Uzair1, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1,3* and Muhammad Ramzan Khan1*
...ome wide reference-based sequence alignment and functional annotation to identify deleterious non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in cattle breeds of Pakistan. For this purpose, genomic data of four different purpose cattle breeds including Bhagnari, Cholistani, Sahiwal and Red Sindhi was analyzed. Comparison with taurine reference genome ARS-UCD.1.2.99 discovered 29,032,662 genomic variations of which 25,469,157 were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 3,563,...

Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail 

...nal status, and cropping sequence regime. For the first factor, when two local corn cultivars, namely, Giza 2 (susceptible) and Kahera 1 (resistant), were subjected to the infection by H. zeae to determine the biotic effect of the host susceptibility on development and reproduction of the nematode, the final population and rate of build-up of the nematode were more remarkable on Giza 2 cultivar than on Kahera 1. Due to the high suitability of Giza 2 for nemato...

Farha Deba1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Muhammad Irfan1*

...stigation using 16S rRNA sequence technology respectively. Out of these seven isolates, the Bacillus cereus FD2 strain produced the most keratinase (298U/mL), and was selected for more research. The Bacillus cereus showed the highest keratinase activity at neutral pH 7.0, with 1% inoculum size, 1% substrate and after 72h of the incubation period. This current study revealed that these isolates have ability to be used in many biotechnologies prospective applica...

Jie Wang1, Di Fang1, Jianqing Zhao1, Fei Huang2, Bo Liu2, Weikun Tao2, Baoshan Cui2 and Qinghua Gao1,2,3*

...n. The transcriptome was sequenced by Illumina HiSeqXten high-throughput sequence technology, and effective sequences were analyzed by functional annotation and related bioinformatics analysis. We found that Q30 percentage range of eight samples was 91.79-92.37%. The filtration sequence was 44106250-54234844. Compared with the reference genome by TopHat ...

Ni Putu Sarini1*, I Gde Suranjaya1, I Gusti Agung Arta Putra1, I Wayan Suarna1, Lindawati Doloksaribu1, I Ketut Puja2, I Ketut Gde Natakesuma3, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulyawan4 

...CR products were further sequenced and analyzed to see variations of the MC1R gene of all cattle. The results indicated that the sequence of MC1R gene in the 10 Bali cattle has a nucleotide variation of 0.31% generated from Bos taurus and 0.21% generated from Bos indicus. While the nucleotide variation of the MC1R gene from cattle with color pattern deviations to the Bali cattle, namely 1.36% albino, 0.21% injin, and 0.10% p...

Nadia Jabeen1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Muhammad Ali Khanzada2 and Alia Gul3

...lified PCR products were sequenced from Macrogen Korea, via worldwide scientific Pakistan. Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences was done based on the maximum similarity method using Mega 6.0. The spore was smaller as compared to Marasmiellus scandens (6.2-8.7 µm). The newly described species i.e., Marasmiellus agrianum N. Jabeen and M. Lodhi differs from other species based on the molecular study as well wit...

Amthal Ahmed Fouad1, Basem Mohamed Ahmed2, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein1, Hussein Aly Hussein2* 

...d compared to other RABV sequences to update the present knowledge. Methods: Rapid immune-chromatography and direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT) were applied to detect RABV antigens in the brain of rabid dog. Relevant reads from the Ion S5 sequencing system were assembled into a draft genome. The draft genome was analyzed, re-assembled, and compared to representative RABV genomes from Africa and the Middle East region. Results: The complete genome of 5EG-Q...

Rusul Adnan Dawood, Hasan F.K. Alghetaa*

...s against deleterious consequences of mercuric chloride poisoning.
 
Keywords | Nephrotoxicity, Mercuric chloride toxicity, Peritoneal exudate, Resveratrol, Oxidative stress, Herbal medicine, Antioxidants and biochemical indices
...

Lichun Jiang1,2*, Lan Zhu1, Meiqi Li1, Xinyue Bao1, Zhenkun Zhao2, Haifen Qin2 and Wei Chen3*

... determined the complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the tufted deer, by using a long polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The entire mtDNA sequence is 16,196 bp in length, which compared with previous studies is the least, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a non-coding control region (CR, D-loop). The overall base composition included 33.37 % A, 29.33 %...
Sri Rahayu*, Muhaimin Rifa’i and Widodo 
...R and human GDF9 protein sequences obtained from UniProt. We also analyzed GDF9 gene expression levels using GENEVESTIGATOR. Furthermore, we identified the proteins that interact with GDF9 using the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets and investigated their network formation using the STRING database. Finally, we performed a pathway analysis for GDF9 using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases and Wiki Pathways. Our results s...

Nasir Ali1,2,6, Muhammad Ilyas2,3, Nazia Akbar1,2*, Gohar Rahman2, Shakirullah Khan4, Mujaddad Ur Rehman6, Abdul Samad5, Habib Ahmad1,2 and Bibi Nazia Murtaza7*

...ion of mitochondrial DNA sequences of 56 ancient samples (1000-3000 old) and 303 modern samples from three different regions (Chitral, Swat and Hazara) were analyzed for hyper variable sequences of mitochondrial DNA for the determination of their maternal affinities. Our results revealed 25% unique haplotypes in ancient samples whereas 28% unique haplotypes have been observed in the modern samples. The most frequent haplotyp...

Asifa Majeed*, Amir Rashid, Palvasha Waheed, Asma Faryal, Aden Razaq and Ayesha Maryam

...NA Genetic Analyzer. The sequence data was analyzed on BioEdit7.2 biological software and Basic Local Alignment Search Tool against the human genome database to find any genetic variation. It has been found that ABCG1 gene and APOA1 gene exhibited a pattern of the normal nucleotide sequence in all subjects of three groups with no pathogenic genetic variation. Thus, exon 3 of the ABCG1 gene and exons 2 and 3 of the APOA1 gene...

Arnold Christian Tabun*, Ferdinan Suharjono Suek, Cardial L Leo Penu, Johanis A. Jermias, Thomas Lapenangga  

...nd identification of DNA sequences nucleotide. Bali cows with sorrel, black and white coat colors are used with an age range of 3-5 years. DNA sequencing conducted multiple alignments, the identification of the genetic distance, and the preparation of phylogenetic trees using the software Mega X. The results of PCR sequencing of Bali cows with different coat colors in Kupang were 464 bp. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism in Bali cows compared to...

Qingjin Li1,2, Zhiyuan Sui1,2, Jihu Zhang1,2, Zhishuai Zhang1,2 and Feng Xing1,2*

...emains unknown, the cDNA sequence of CTSD from Duolang sheep was cloned and sequenced. The expression levels of CTSD were detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, uterus and oviduct in the three development periods of prepuberty, puberty, and postpuberty. The results showed that the coding region of CTSD gene of Duolang sheep had a full length of 1,239 bp, encoding 412 amino acids. The sequenc...

Frah Razzaq Kbyeh1, Ahmed N. Abedsalih2* 

...inary tract infection consequences of E coli o157 :H7
 

...
Akram Ali Baloch1*, Adeel Ahmad2, Kaleem U. Kakar3, Sara Naudhani1, Samiullah Khan1, Agha Muhammad Raza3, Imrana Niaz Sultan1, Humaira Zahid4, Saadullah3 and Shakeela Daud1*
...eaction and subsequently sequenced to confirm any genetic variability in the affected individuals of the families. As a result, two different missense mutations (c.830C>A resulting p.Ala277Glu and c.332C>T resulting p.Pro111Leu) in affected individuals in two of the families were identified. The nonexistence of mutations in EPM2B in the other two families could be due to presence of mutations in noncoding or non-tested loci/genes. This study may facilita...

Dhurgham K. Seger1, Rahman H. H. Al Qasimi2, Azhar A. Jaffar3, Salah H. Faraj4, Ahmed I. Ateya5* 

...lignment analysis of the sequence of SSTR1 gene indicated the presence of one mutation 264 A>G. The obtained mutation produced three genotypes, namely AA, AG, and GG. The frequency of the genotypes AA, AG and GG were 0.50, 0.17 and 0.33, respectively. While the frequency of the A and G alleles were 0.58 and 0.42, respectively. There were significant impacts of SSTR1 gene polymorphisms and the weights of carcass characteristics including heart and liver weig...

Wei Fang1,2,3, Jiawei Hong1,2,3,4, Zhengyi Fu1,2,3, Jing Hu1,2,3, Gang Yu1,2,3, Zhenhua Ma1,2,3* and Humin Zong5*

...0 sequencing platform to sequence the transcriptome of E. fuscoguttatus, the transcriptome data clustered by TGICL to obtain Unigene, and bioinformatics methods were then adopted to perform functional annotation classification, metabolic pathways and SSR feature analysis. The results showed that a total of 42.40 Gb data were obtained from transcriptome sequencing, and 38,817 Unigenes were obtained after assembly and de-redundancy; Using BLAST to annotate the a...

Liyun Chang*, Yazi Li, Yumei Cai and Chenghui Li

...ed on the conserved gene sequences of the three pathogens available in GenBank. After optimization of the reaction conditions and system, we successfully established a novel multiplex PCR method for detection of the aforementioned three pathogens. The results show that the amplified fragments of interest were 280 bp, 151 bp, and 111 bp for BVDV, BRV, and BCV, respectively. The method had no cross-reaction to Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and infectious bovine ...

Ahmed Jaafar Mousa*, Nothaila Rasheed Hamid 

...nd to be positive. A DNA sequence of 372 bp length that partly encompassed the coding region of the ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 gene within ten samples (assigned 1-10) was amplified in this study. The PCR amplicons that were found in the amplified genetic region were directly sequenced. The detected variations were then used to build a phylogenetic tree, which was used to evaluate the precise phylogenetic distances in addition to ot...

Mustafa M. Khalaf*, Rana A. Salih 

... its serious negative consequences, including liver damage associated with oxidative stress, its therapeutic usage is restricted. The most potent antioxidant among flavonoid chemicals is quercetin, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of quercetin against cyclophosphamide. An explanation of quercetin’s hepatoprotective effects against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Twenty-eight male Westar rats (that weighed 200–250...

Weidong Liu, Jiashen Tian, Zhen Wang, Zhongren Kong, Jiabo Han and Zhichuang Lu*

...hondrial ND4L and D-loop sequences, and the results were compared with the same population in 2005. The haplotype diversity of Liaodong Gulf spotted seals was low compared to other spotted seal populations in other habitats. Fortunately, the genetic diversity of the current Liaodong Gulf spotted seal population was higher than 15 years ago, and the population expanded between 2005 and 2020. Our findings indicated that conservation activities for Liaodong Gulf ...

Ali Mosa Rashid Al-Yasari1, Zahid I. Mohammed2, Haider S. Almnehlawi3,4, Ali F Bargooth5, Nawar Jasim Alsalih1, Huda F. Hasan6*, Mohenned A Alsaadawi1 

...pletely eliminate the consequences of diabetes as there were still some disparities between the camel milk group and the control group. In conclusion, although camel milk didn’t completely restore the body’s health condition, our research showed that it significantly ameliorated the adverse effects caused by diabetes. 

...

Lu Liu1, Xiang Zhao2, Yue Qin2, Tianxiang Gao3 and Tianyan Yang3*

...e of Lophius litulon was sequenced and assembled by next-generation sequencing techniques. The complete mitochondrial genome of Lophius litulon contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The total length of the mitochondrial genome of L. litulon was 16,430 bp, and the overall base composition of the mitochondrial genome was 26.96% A, 30.13% C, 17.58% G and 25.33% T. Our

Wafa Akram1, Shahan Azeem2, Shafqat Shabir1, Haroon Akbar1*, Warda Gill3 and Muhammad Imran Rashid1*

...homology with Leishmania sequences available in GenBank. Alignments and phylogenetic analyses of the Leishmania infantum from a tiger in Pakistan indicated 94-100 % identity with Leishmania from animals and 98.8-100% with Leishmania from humans origins suggesting the need for screening of animals before transporting, and of humans before taking care of captive animals, in order to prevent transboundary spread of Leishmania.

...

Salim Saifullah1*, Tasmina Kanwal2 and Khadija Rehman2

...re their wide-ranging consequences for environmental concerns.

...

Mervat M. Fath- Allah, Amal A. Ahmed, Hala A. Amin

...s. The
nucleotide sequence analysis of the polyprotein gene of PVY-ME2 (the present Egyptian isolate)
showed 98% homology with the PVY-isolate strain N of Poland. In turn the PVY-ME2 showed low
homology with the other characterized Potyvirus members. Furthermore the PVY-ME2 had much
more distantly related (91%) to the previously published Egyptian and France isolates. The WMVME2
isolate (Egyptian isolate) has a high similarit...

Nguyen Thi Thu Hien1, Dong Huu Rin2, Nguyen Xuan Hoa1, Le Viet Tuan Khanh2, Phung Thang Long1*, Dinh Thi Bich Lan1

...larity to the nucleotide sequence of P36 gene from strain M. hyopneumoniae 7448 recorded in GenBank (accession No. AE017244.1), corresponding to 144 amino acids. Expression of this protein in E. coli BL21 produced a fusion protein with molecular weight of approximately 20 kDa. Moreover, the antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae in sera taken from pigs that were immunized with the PEP inactivated vaccine (HYOGEN®) strong detected the recombinant M. hyopneumon...

Michelle Anne Diano1,2, Loel Dalan1,2, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya3 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,2*

...segments of the 28S rDNA sequence. The D2-D3 rDNA sequence alignment of the four isolates, B2R1 (MT459236), B2R2 (MT459237), B2R3 (MT459238), and B3R1 (MT459239), do not exhibit any nucleotide differences with each other or with previously described populations of C. briggsae from China (MN519141), Germany (EF417140), and the USA (AY604481, JN636061); therefore, they are conspecific. This is the first report of C. briggsae i...

Irfan Safdar Durrani*, Noreen Asim and Ammar Sohail

... of Nipponbare and newly sequenced Oryza sativa L. cultivar Dilrosh-97 using bioinformatics approach. The possible cis-acting regulatory elements were analyzed using PlantCARE and PlantPAN3.0. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA7 and docking of regulatory elements with the corresponding Transcription factors was performed using pyDockDNA. The OsGLP12-3 promoter region (1863bp) was PCR amplified using genomic DNA from Indica rice cultivar Dilrosh-97 an...

Dwi Desmiyeni Putri1*, Nurhayati1, Intan Kamilia Habsari1, Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari2 

... 7.2 and MEGA version 11 sequence alignment editing software. The next step was to amplify the ND isolates using two sets of pathotype-specific primers. This amplification stage was carried out three times (as repetition). According to this study, it is known that virulent ND isolates can be amplified with pathotype-specific primers designed by Kant et al. (1997). However, the pathotype-specific primer (nested PCR) developed by Pham et al. (2005) could not amp...

Waqas Ahmad*, Muhammad Naeem

...otopterus with reference sequences belonging to NCBI GenBank database. Genetic diversity was analysed by using PCR amplification of 75 specimens of N. notopterus with five RAPD markers. RAPD markers data indicated high genetic diversity 0.5832 in Satluj while lowest genetic diversity 0.2173 in Chenab. High genetic polymorphism 60.52% observed in Satluj while lowest genetic polymorphism 23.07% observed in Chenab. Shannon’s Information Index (I) found 0.62...

Kristina Morkūnienė*, Rūta Insodaitė, Laimutis Kučinskas, Renata Bižienė 

...hanges in the amino acid sequence of the Mblk1 protein leading to higher brain functions in bees. In this study, we aimed to test the contribution of three Mblk-1 gene polymorphisms to the resistance to V. destructor mites. This case–control study involved 117 DNA samples that were genotyped for three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Statistics 20 and ...

Frah R Kbyeh1*, Ahmed N. Abedsalih2 

...inary tract infection consequences of E coli O157 :H7 

...

Muhammad Nauman Arif1, Muhammad Mansha1* and Tanveer Hussain2

...g genes, which were then sequenced. Bioedit software was used to align, and edit the sequences, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated. The MEGA X-based maximum likelihood method was employed to study the genetic relatedness between sequenced samples and reference sequence as well as other deer. Among query seq...

Muhammad Luqman1*, Muhammad Talha Shoaib1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Umair Safdar2 and Hassan Raza2

...d to explore negative consequences of pesticides applications on human health and environment in district Sargodha. A cross sectional survey method using convenient sampling was adopted for this research and data was collected from 300 respondents with the help of structured interview schedule. The results revealed that all the respondents (100%) considered ‘enhance farm production’, ‘control of insect/pest’ and ‘weed eradication&...

Yu Song1*, Yueping Wei2 and Peng Wang3

...that, a total of 444,882 sequences from 12 samples were obtained, and 6637 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 97% sequence similarity were identified. The rhizosphere bacterial communities were more influenced by growth stages of rice than chemical properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the similarity of samples at four growth stages was significantly low (P <0.05). The dominant taxa phyla ...

Shehar Bano Bhatti1, Muhammad Irfan Malik2, Rabia Faryad Khan1, Mahmood Ul Hassan2, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam3 and Zaigham Abbas1*

...g was performed by using sequence-specific primers (SSP). Total immunoglobulin E (IgE) was estimated by ELISA. Graph pad Prism 8 was used for statistical analysis. HLA DRB1* 0701-02 and HLA DRB1* 1301-04 showed a positive association with atopic asthma having an odd’s ratio (OR) of 2.173 and 3.564 respectively. While HLA DRB1* 1101-04 and HLA DRB1* 1201-02 showed a negative association having OR of 0.4853 and 0.4299 respectively. HLA DRB1* 0701-02 had a ...
Moustafa A. Zaghloul1*, Mohamed F. Azooz1, Saleh E. Ali1*, Heba M. Soliman1, Maha M. Sayed1, Mohamed H. Kafafy2 and Alaa R. Morsy1
...n nodules of cattle were sequenced, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using crustal omega software. Out of 40 analyzed samples, 25 samples were positive for LSDV by PCR assay. The sequence alignment of the obtained LSDV strain showed high identity to LSD strains fromSouth Africa, Australia, Kenya, Sudan, Ethiopia, Russia, Bangladesh and Iran. Initially, possible T-cell and B-cell epitopes were predicated by manipulat...
Akram A. Salama1, Moustafa A. Zaghloul2*, Ahmed A. Zaghawa1, Mohamed A. Nayel1, Ahmed M. Elsafey1, Mohamed F. Azooz2, Hanem S. Harb1 and Walid S. Mousa1
...ally, the amplified gene sequence was subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, and the acquired LSDV sequences were compared to those in GenBank. Using the standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and specific primers designed from the EEV gene, tissue samples from skin nodules (N = 40) and blood samples (N = 60) were collected from diseased animals. Sequencing and a phylogenetic tree construction were done on the ...

Milena Vlahovic*, Dragana Matic, Marija Mrdakovic, Larisa Ilijin, Anja Grcic, Aleksandra Filipovic, Jelica Lazarevic and Vesna Peric-Mataruga

...acute treatments is a consequence of cadmium action, while in chronic treatment, the genetic factor (egg mass) plays a crucial role in the change of PMM. According to the index of plasticity, distinct phenotypes were not produced. Significant correlations were shown between PMM and trypsin (Tryp) and leucine aminopeptidases (LAP) at acute and chronic treatment with higher cadmium concentrations, while significant correlations between proteases and PMM were det...
Rabiea Pervaiz, Shaista Bano*, Sarfraz Ali Tunio, Abdul Nabi Jatt and Aisha Amber Soomro
...oides strain SB138m. The sequence of 16S rRNA gene of both wild type and mutant strains of B. pseudomycoides was comparable. In vitro test for antagonism of B. pseudomycoides strain SB138m against indicator cells showed that the strain contained antibacterial potential. The present study shows inhibitory spectrum of B. pseudomycoides SB13m with conclusion that Bacillus species from a diverse environment and Proteus mirabilis from clinical environment were stro...
Annum Razzaq1*, Zia Ullah2, Arooj Naseer1 and Abdul Nasir Khalid1
... ITS region of nrDNA and sequenced for phylogenetic analyses. This genus is a new record for Pakistan.
...
Omaima Khamiss
...diversity. However, some sequenced baculovirus genomes from closely related viruses are structurally very similar and share overall nucleotide sequence identities in excess of 95%. This work focuses on the comparative essential basis studies to better know complex interactions between baculoviruses infecting the pest in question (Spodoptera littoralis) in relation to stability or mechanism of infection in the same hos...

Khalid Alhudaib

...e amplified fragment was sequenced and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. HM584814). The sequence was compared with PNRSV isolates and had 100% identity with AF170170 from Czech Republic while 97% identity for PNRSV from USA (AF013287). Further investigations are needed for other commercial orchards and nurseries. This result demonstrates first detection of PNRSV in Saudi Arabia.

...

Hemeida, A. A., Osman, M., El-Shahat, Mohamed, Hashem, Medhat H., Mahmoud, Amal and Dahi, Hosni

...ed for the diversity and sequence variations. Sequencing of 223 nucleotide of 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) was performed. In the phylogenetic analysis, the three sequences and 80 sequences of HCV different genotypes from GenBank were used. Nucleotide variations were found in 7 (3.14%) of the 223 nucleotide positions analyzed. The variations were observed in the nucleotides (74, 92, 112,...

Elkalamawyl, I.M.; Elhddadl, S.; Swelim2, M.A.; Hamdy2, S.M. and Fahmy3, Hanan A.•

...ligned with known I-BsAg sequences from GenBank, the mutant variants matched to consensus with eight distinct genotypes (A to H) of hepatitis B virus. Multiple sequence alignment provided a more sensible way of detecting sequence homology and identifying the HBV isolates. From this alignment, certain positions were highly conserved with the previously identified and recorded Egyptian isola...

Zaghloull , A.H.; Mahmoud2, Amal; Hassanl , H.Y.; Hemeida2, A.A.; Nayell , M. A. and Zaghawal , A.A.

...pan. The PCR product was sequenced and analyzed. PCR product of Alexandria isolate was cloned and labeled with digoxigenin and used as diagnostic probe for BEF virus infection using dot-blot hybridization. Thirty six samples were collected from Menoufia Governorate (Berket El-Sabaa, Tokh Tambesha and Salamon regions) and Demiate Governorate and were tested in dot-blot hybridization. BEFV was detected in 24 out of 36 samples (66.7%) as follow: 9/9 (100%) corres...

Bakr3 *, Youssef M.; Nour El-Din3, Hanan A.; Abd EL-Wahed2, Waiel F. and Hemeidal , Aläa A.

...tor machine (SVM) and subsequence string kemel. The obtained models were tested by 10 fold cross validation method. We applied the obtained models to Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) as a case study using Epitopes Model Applier Software (EMAS) which was developed as open source software and released under general public license (GPL) to predict immunogenic peptides suitable for antibodies production. The thirty amino acids peptide which start from position 163 to...

Elbeshehy, E. K.F. and Sallaml, A.A.A.

...fragments. The following sequences were used in the comparison: Brazil (AF418577), China (FJ403473), New Zealand (AY861395) and India (AJ810260). The partial nucleotide sequence alignment, showed (95%) homology between CMV New Zealand isolate and CMV-Egyptian isolate. The sequence alignment also indicated that the CMV isolate is far from similarity with India CMV, showing (92%) according t...
Nassarl , Entsar A.; El-Dougdoug , Kh. A.; Osmanl , M.E; Dawoud3, Rehab
A. and Kinawy l , Aliaa H.*
...logical, serological and sequence analysis of the coat protein gene demonstrated that the virus represents an isolate of the Tobamoviridae Family. The isolated virus was nominated as TMV Chrysanthemum Egyptian isolate (TMV-Ch-EG). This virus isolate caused severe disease symptoms in Chrysanthemum plants with mosaic, mottling and flower discoloration. The virus was purified biologically using serial transfer of the single local lesion technique on Nicotiana gul...

Soliman*, Ahmed M.; Mahmoud**, Sabry Y. M. and Dawood*, Rehab A.

...asmids were obtained and sequenced. The nucleotide sequences were compared with corresponding viral nucleotide sequences reported in GenBank. The sequence analysis showed that; nucleotide sequence of OYDV-EG [Egyptian isolate (HM473189)] had 82-96% similarity compared with ten reported OYDV isolates. Thus, a method of ...

Sofyl *, A.R.; Soliman , A.M.; Mousal, A.A. and El-Dougdoug , Kh.A.

...rmined using its primary sequence at 370C. The sequence appeared to fold into a rod-like structure at -122.1 kcal mol-I while CCaVd-EG at -120.5 kcal mol-I. lhe five domains of the rod-like structure were determined. The sequence variations between Egyptian cit-us gummy bark isolate and Egyptian citrus cachexia isolate in the pathogenic domain (P) tend to influence the pathogenicity of the...

El-Dougdoug, Kh.A.; Rezk , A.A.; Dawoud, Rehab A. and Sofy, A.R.

...l TOPOvector then it was sequenced. Partial sequence 199 bp of CSVdEG is almost identical to that of the prototype 199 bp Canada and USA isolates of CSVd with 96% homology. The sequence of CSVd-EG can be arranged into viroid specific rod like structure. CSVd-EG differ from the prototype isolates Canada and USA at sites occur in regions corresponding to the conserved, variable and right ter...

Sharawil , S.S.A. and Abd El-Rahim2, I.H.A.•

...r their  nucleotide sequences of this F protein gene and phylogenic analysis properties, by matching with other reference world recorded isolates. The gene sequenced a 322 nucleotide cDNA fragment of the fusion protein gene was obtained. The isolates showed unique phylogenic analysis had not previously been identified internationally and defined as Egypt 2009. In addition; by using the obtained ...

*El-Helaly, Sahar H.; ** Ahmed, Amal A.; * Awad, M.A. and ** Soliman, A.M.'

...isolate was confirmed by sequence analysis of their coat protein (CP) gene. The sequence of the coat protein gene (CP) of AMV was determined from cDNA clones. The CP gene was cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector, and transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain DH5a. The recombinant plasmids were obtained and sequenced. The nucleotide sequences were comp...

Hussein, HA; sultan, HA. Al Deeb AH and AA. El-Sanousi

...Sharkia governorate were sequenced. Results of nucleotide sequence analysis of I I detected viruses confirm the existence and circulation of the H5Nl in Sharkia governorate along the period of study and no H7 viruses were detected. The serum samples collected from different farms were divided into 4 groups based on the date of collection. HI results showed that in the first group (samples collected between December 2006 to M...

Eman, Abo Hatab*; Hussein, HA.; El-Sabagh IM. and Saber, MS.

...from the agarose gel and sequenced using VP7 specific primers sequence. The obtained sequence was analyzed using computer software (BLAST) which revealed that both isolates had Maximum identity to the GIO serotype of group A bovine rotaviruses ranging from 90-93%. This is the first report on the circulation of G 10 serotype of group A rotaviruses in camel. 

...

Amer, H.M.; Hussein, H. A.; El-Sabagh, I. M.; El-Sanousi, A. A. Saber,M.S. and Shalaby, M. A.

...r the presence of target sequences using PCR and propagated for generation of high-titer viral stocks. In vitro expression studies utilizing the recombinant baculoviruses were conducted and revealed high-level expression of N protein as indicated by its distinct reactivity in immunofluoresence, solid phase ELISA and Western blot.

...
Ashraf M. Metwally*, Ausama A. Yousif*k , Iman B. Walaa A.   Attia M. Samy * , and Ismail M. Reda *
 
...ogenetic analysis of the sequenced PCR product and deduced amino acid sequences of IBDV Giza2008 VP2 demonstrated the continued circulation of very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV). The mutations reported in Giza2008 demonstrate that Egyptian field viruses are isolating from their European ancestors.  Some of the aa mutations have lead to a change in some of the exposed regions of the viral protein. Our findings explain the conti...

S.A. Sidaros, S.A. El-Kewey , Hala A. Amin;Eman A.H. Khatab ,  A.A. Emeran l , Samaa Abd El-Khalilk and M.A.S. El-Kady

... of PMMoV was cloned and sequenced, The sequence contained a full-length ORF coding for the viral CP. It comprises 473 nt and a polypeptide chain of 157 amino acids with a M(r) of 17.27. The comparison of the CP  ORF nucleotide sequence of Egyptian isolate (PMMoV-E2) with those of another isolates revealed 'that it was very close to the Brazilian and Japanese isolates (99 % and 98% re...

A.A.Farrag;  I.A.M. Ibrahim and, H.M. Mazyad

...R product was cloned and sequenced. Comparison between local isolate sequence and other published sequences of the Same virus shows 79.4% - 84% homology.

...

Seham A. El-Zeedy1, Dalia A. Abd El-Moaty1, H. A. Hussein2 and M. A. Shalaby2

...n. This was confirmed by sequence analysis or these RT-PCR products of the hyper variable region and the deduced a.a sequence 183-360, has the highest identity on both nucleotide and amino acid levels 99.4% and 98.8% to the classical strains Cu-l, D78, and PBG-98, while Giza/2000 has the highest identity 98.3-98.1% on nucleotide level and 98.3% on a.a level to the vvIBDV. The multiple alignment of the two Egyptian isolates w...

A. A. El-Kholy1, S. Vilcek2 and A. M. Daoud1

...ed an extreme nucleotide sequence homology (≥ 98%) among all tested Egyptian isolates versus the local vaccine strain. sequence alignments showed variable identity (74% - 93%) of the Egyptian vaccinal strain versus reference laboratory and vaccinal strains of BVDV. Clustering and phylogenetic analyses suggested that these Egyptian vaccinal and field BVDVs are low-Kinetic variants of reference BVDV-Ia. particularly the NAD...

Nurlan Akhmetsadykov1*, Tanatar Kydyrov2, Moldir Akhmetzhanova1, Gulnazi Akhmetova3, Maxat Berdikulov4 

...carried out. The protein sequence was reverse translated to the nucleotide sequence, after which the gene was synthesized using solid-phase method. The gene fragment, encoding the GM6 protein, was inserted or cloned into the pET28 expression vector after synthesis. The obtained sequences were checked by sequencing for correspondence to the matrix molecule. For transformation E. coli BL21 (...
Zeynep Karapinar1* and Mehmet Özkan Timurkan2
...of the feline parvovirus sequence was defined to Genbank. Current phylogenetic information about the FPV in Turkey was obtained in the present study.

...

Sarah G. Yousef1*, Ahmed Shehta2, Hend M. El Damaty1 and Hussein A. Elsheikh3

... targeting the insertion sequence IS900 gene revealed that 22.6% of examined cattle were positive for MAP. A rate was significantly higher in diseased older cattle than in young cattle with no symptoms of the disease. Furthermore, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that our strains (ON816021 and ON816022) were 100% identical showed complete identity with MAP-C (M. paratuberculosis of cattle origin) as Japanese (CP066812) and German strain (CP022...

Fadime Eroglu1*, Altan Akineden2, Cemal Cicek3, Selcuk Turkel2 

...R, real-time PCR and DNA sequence analyses were used to identify intestinal protozoan such as Blastocystis spp., C. parvum, E. histolytica and G. duodenalis. While intestinal protozoans were detected 22.3% (33/148) of COVID-19 patients, intestinal protozoans were not detected 77.7% (115/148) in this study. Blastocystis spp. was frequently detected 39.4% (13/33) followed by C. parvum 27.3% (9/33) then G. duodenalis 21.2% (7/33) and E. histolytica 12.1% (4/33) a...

Siqiang Li1,2, Tiantian Wang1, Peng Sun1, Airong Gao1, Xin Gong1, Yuanhong Xu2, Baogen Wang2, Jun Wu1* and Bo Liu1*

... were detected using DNA sequencer-assisted fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. We obtained MDS I with a purity exceeding 90% in gram scales, which was capable of digesting α-1,2 linked mannose residues in high selectivity. The highest enzymatic activity of MDS I occurred at a pH of 7.0 and a temperature of 42°C. Enzymatic activity of MDS I was also influenced by metal ions, which were increased to 22% and 17%, respectively, by Co2+ an...
Yongtao Xu1, Dandan Wang1, Xiaolong Hu1, Minling Li1, Ming Tang1, Wuhua Liu2, Jianwen Zhan2 and Weiwei Zhang1*
...th universal primers and sequenced by high-throughput. We found that 28 out of 30 valid samples had a total of 677,856 valid amplified sequences with an average valid sequence of 24,209.14±323.83. A total of 326 OTUs were obtained from 28 valid samples, and the MP, SS, and NJS groups shared 222 OTUs, accounting for 68.09% of the total OTUs. OTUs alignment indicated that the forage p...

Abdeljabbar Nassiri1, Mouloud Lamtai1*, Inssaf Berkiks1,2, Hajar Benmhammed1, Sidi Mohamed Coulibaly1,3, Miloud Chakit1, Laila Ibouzine-dine1, Abdelhalem Mesfioui1, Aboubaker El-Hessni1

... long-term behavioral consequences of MD have not been examined in detail. Also, the mechanism by which MD causes these disorders is far from fully understood. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the impact of MD on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and oxidative stress (OS) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of rats across different ages (adolescence, emerging adulthood, and middle adulthood) and the possible existence of sexual dimorphisms. Rat pu...

Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati

...n due to its profound consequences. Recent investigations have revealed the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among wild bird species in remote habitats, suggesting the potential for these avian populations to serve as reservoirs and sources for emergent AMR profiles. Recognizing the critical role of wildlife in AMR dynamics this study focuses on birds of paradise, indigenous to Indonesia. Their gastrointestinal microbiome, intricately shaped by a uniq...

Babi Kyi Soe1*, Toe Win Naing2, Su Lai Yee Mon1, Nay Chi Nway3, Hiroshi Sato4

...attle in Myanmar, with a sequence similarity range between 98.8 and 100%. By understanding one of the major tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in Myanmar, possible control measures might be implemented not only to minimize the transmission but also to increase the farm productivity.
 
Keywords | Anaplasma marginale, Cattle, Giemsa, Hematobiochemical, 16S rRNA
...

Zhenglei Qiao*, Jie Xing and Fang Li

...ole mitochondrial genome sequence of Pethia stoliczkana was obtained using high-throughput sequencing technology, and its structure and characteristics were analyzed. The P. stoliczkana mitochondrial genome contained a total of 16,966 base pairs, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transport RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region. The A+T content (59.7%) of the whole mitochondrial genome was greater than the G+C content (40.3%), indicatin...

Perinçek Seçkinozan Seker

... deer, mitochondrial DNA sequence data belonging to a population from Artvin, Turkey were introduced by this study. The cytochrome b (cyt b) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes of mitochondrial DNA belonging to the four samples of Capreolus capreolus were partially sequenced and analyzed alongside the sequences obtained from GenBank. The cyt b and COI data sets included

Wesam Jasim Hansh 

...logical measurements and sequences analysis of 28S rRNA gene. Fasciola flukes were isolated from the livers of cows and buffaloes slaughtered in the municipality of AL-Nassiriyah abattoir during July to November 2022. Sixty Fasciola flukes including (30 from cows and 30 from buffaloes) were used in morphological study. Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 Fasciola flukes (15 from cows and 15 from buffaloes) and used to amplified the 28S rRNA gene and amplicons we...

Habibeh Jabbari

...etic analyses of partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2-D3, a clade clustering the four populations of cabbage cyst nematode was formed along with the sequences of H. cruciferae populations deposited in NCBI. These results showed morphometrical, morphological and molecular characters of under study populations are same and the host is the only differences between pathogenicity populations.

...

Zhenkun Zhao1,2, Ziniu Alimo2, Xinyue Zhao2, Haifen Qin1, Buddhi Dayananda3, Lichun Jiang1,2* and Wei Chen4*

...ome of Turdus merula was sequenced, described, and analyzed with Sanger sequencing technology. The complete mitochondrial genome of T. merula was 16,734 bp in length and encoded 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNA gene fragments, a control region (D-loop region) and gene arrangement was identical to that of other Passeriformes mitogenomes. The overall base composition included A, 29.34%; C, 32.50%; G, 14.82% and T, 23.34%. The motifs ...
Mona Adel El-Wakeel1*, Salah El-Din Abd El-Ghany Ahmed, Sanaa Abd El Rahman Mohamed
and Nadia Khalil Messiha
...eatments PLP at the same sequenced rates were mixed with the
soil then sprayed with acetic acid 5% immediately. Moreover, sole spraying of acetic acid
5% treatment was sprayed on the soil surface. All treatments were applied before
transplanting directly. Results revealed that the maximum inhibition of both weeds in both
seasons (2018 and 2019) was recorded by PLP at 60g + Acetic acid 5% as compared to

Adil Hussain1*, Muhammad Qasim Hayat22 and Syed Ali Imran Bokhari1

...scribed spacer) of nrDNA sequences showed its resemblance with other Artemisia species reported from the world. This species needs to be included in the rare plant species list in the flora of Pakistan following the criteria of IUCN.

...

Shabana Mangi1, Waheed Ali Panhwar1, Abdul Manan Shaikh1, G. Sarwar Solangi2, Khalid Hussain Rind3, Nazir Ahmed Abro4, Zaibun-nisa Memon1, Gul Hafeeza Lund1 and Paras Somroo1

Yuping Liu, Sige Wang and Tianyan Yang*

...6607 bp) of A.cernua was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, a control region (CR) and a L-strand replication origin (OL), and its gene composition and order were similar to those of most teleosts. The A + T content of the whole mtDNA was 55.39 %, suggesting an obvious anti-G bias (16.64 %). The positive AT-skew (0.01) and negative GC-skew (-0.25) were revealed. The analysis...

Yasameen Waleed Al-Abedi1, Murtadha Kadhim Hasan2*, Alaa Abdalhadi Halboti3, Ali Abdulhussein Saleh Alsaeedi3, Rafed Abbas Kadhum1

...cting the underlying DNA sequence. To sum up this research, it shows how CRISPR-Cas technology, as a revolutionary genetic tool, has been efficient in achieving such levels of gene regulation. This study is aimed at clarifying the mechanism of action and exploring optimal cases for modified epigenetics through CRISPR-Cas integration in biological engineering and medicine. Therefore, it enriches the body of knowledge concerning the application of CRISPR-Cas in ...
Kanwar Muhammad Suleman, Ghulam Mustafa Nasir and Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
...achable by DEP bleaching sequence and brightness of the pulp was 80 percent. Planting of Sesbania may improve the salt affected lands and increase the income of farmers through the sales of wood and raising the livestock....
Nasar Iqbal and Naveed Anwar Virk
...t by selfing portrayed a sequence of V4, V6, V3, V5, V2, and V1 in descending order giving 2.25, 2.05, 0.60, 0.50, 0.37 and 0.22 %, respectively. Pollen viability by staining with acetocarmine showed that V6 had the highest number of viable pollens followed by V4 with 95 and 91.30 percent. Similarly pollen viability with iodine gave almost the identical results as that of acetocarmine. Pollen viability on the basis of pollen germination in various concentratio...
Mohammad Iqbal Swati
...r and hydropower. The consequences of degradation of upland watersheds are severe, including annual loss of million tones of fertile soil due to soil erosion, sedimentation of Tarbela and Mangla reservoirs, reduced hydropower generation, devastation floods, desertification, decline in agriculture productivity, loss of biodiversity and increase in environmental pollution. Reduced supply of irrigation water coupled with inadequate ground water recharge in dry an...
Ahmed Zamir, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Waseem Ullah and Rizwan Ullah
...aware of its fruitful consequences....
Raja Mohammad Ashfaque
... two fears; liability consequences and one's career at stake if fire gets away (Wright, 1974). Fire is an art not a science. As the skill in use of fire in range, wildlife and forest management develops fears and hesitations in adopting it as a tool, will gradually diminish....
K.M. Siddiqui
...age (CEH1 H2) bleaching sequence. The presence of resin in chir pine wood did not constitute any special problem during its pulping. The values of tall oil were found to be about 1% and 20 - 22kg on oven-dry wood and per ton of oven-dry pulp basis respectively....

Hanan Yousif Jasim1*, Rasha Munther Othman2, Wasan Moaed Shaker3

...to find variances in the sequence using the BLAST tool (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). The sequencing results of the 16s rDNA gene was shown that 9 (69.24%) bacterial isolates were diagnosed as Staphylococcus aureus while the 4 (30.76%) other samples were diagnosed as Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus succinus, Staphylococcus equorum and Staphylococcus epidermidis. On the other hand, the mecA gene was examined and detected in all isolates of Staphylococcus ...

Pavana Jyothi Vanjavaka1, Mouradam Veerasami2, Mohana Subramanian Bhaskaran2*, Vijay A.K.B. Gundi1*

...V negative. The obtained sequences were submitted to NCBI to get gene accession numbers, and the phylogenetic tree was created to deduce the relationship between the different isolates of dogs, with a distance matrix derived from sequence variations in the genomes.
 
Keywords | Canine parvovirus, Hemorrhagic enteritis, VP2 gene, Maternal antibodies, CPV variants, Immunisation
...

Rauf Khan1, Shazia Mansuri1,2*, Muhammad Abid1, Muneeba Khan2, Anjum Perveen2, Afshan Rehman3 and Rubina Noureen1

...y against nematodes. The sequence of nematicidal activity from high to low was as follows: chloroform > methanol > acetone > ethanol > water. Hence, Pulicaria boissieri demonstrates potential nematicidal activity with various organic solvents.

...

Tanveer Hussain1, Abdul Wajid1, Jabbar Khan2, Asif Nadeem1, Misbah Hussain1, Qurat ul-Ain1 and Masroor Babar1*

...oat were bidirectionally sequenced to decipher polymorphisms. Only a single substitution (T→A) was found in non-coding region of IL-2 gene. Comparison of IL-2 gene sequence of all four breeds with other goat breeds showed high similarity in sequence. Phylogenetic analysis of our local breeds with other mammals showed that IL-2 was highly variable. This high substitution rate could be ...

Rumisha Raza1*, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Aftab Ahmed Anjum2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali1 and Sehrish Firyal1*

...al ND2 gene. The partial sequence of ND2 gene was submitted to GenBank. The novel SNPs were investigated which serves as marker for identification of Pakistani raptorial species. Two sub species of falcons are also characterized at genetic level for the first time. The study represented the first report on genetic data of raptorial species of the Pakistan. This strategy can be used to identify other species of birds of prey to get diverse genetic data which wi...

Sardorbek N. Turgunov, Oybek O. Amirov*, Erkinjon B. Shakarboev, Abdurakhim E. Kuchboev

...ic study, the nucleotide sequence belonging to the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the ribosomal DNA of P. equorum species was analyzed, and it was found that 100% nucleotide similarity with P. equorum species (MH030605) and 95.85% similarity with the species P. univalens (MK209648) in the GenBank database (NCBI).
 
Keywords | Nematode, Horse, Helminth, Ribosomal DNA, ITS2, Parascaris equorum
...

Wadood Shah* and Sanam Zarif Satti

...lleviate the negative consequences of low water availability. Meeting the world’s population’s continual increase in food consumption is hampered significantly by drought stress. Plants adjust their cellular osmotic potential and water potential in response to stressors, by increasing root length, closing stomata to reduce transpiration and also activating their natural defensive mechanisms by producing anti-oxidative enzymes and accumulating osmop...

Muhammad Usman1, Hussain Abbas1, Riffat Maqsood1, Muhammad Awais Nadeem1, Abdul Hanan Shazal1, Ali Usman1, Amna Hameed2, Haram Shahid3, Zulqarnain Haider3, Muhammad Zain1, Muhammad Suleman1 and Muhammad Wasif Gulzar1*

...cal life. drivers and consequences, the latter of which go beyond the effects of the disease, according to the intellectual review and evaluation of scholarship surrounding the concept and application of One Health. As a result, the implementation of One Health-based policies and their conformity to or change of societal values determine their efficacy. Even with a compelling justification, putting a One Health strategy into practice thoughtfully and holistica...
Marchel Putra Garfansa1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Iswahyudi Iswahyudi1, Shazma Anwar3
Damat Damat2,Tony Liwang4, Mardiana Sri Susanti5, Diah Hermayanti2*, Meddy Setiawan2
Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi2, Dewi Mariyam6, Yolla Muvika Ananda2, Satriyo Krido Wahono7
Adil Basir8, Musrif Musrif9 and Anwar Saeed Khan10
...ined in them. Another consequence is anticipated: A reduction in microbial diversity in the intestines of mice, resulting in a fall in both feces and body weight of the mice. 
...

Iwona Szatkowska1, Jan Udała2, Daniel Zaborski3*, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska1, Wilhelm Grzesiak3, Małgorzata Wasielewska1 and Jerzy Wójcik4

...lected PCR products were sequenced. The identification of the PIS deletion in hermaphroditic individuals and polled bucks based on the primers designed on the reference template was impossible. Therefore, an attempt was made to determine the reasons for the failure of deletion identification in these individuals. For the polled bucks, the deletion region was amplified similarly to the horned ones, except for an initial sequence<...

Saba Mehnaz1*, Farhan Ahmad Atif2, Rao Zahid Abbas1, Muhammad Kasib Khan1 and Muhammad Saqib3

...* was closely similar to sequences CP006847.1 and appeared in the same clade. Sequence Pak-4* was ascended to Pak-3* isolate and descendant to MK792344.1 Pakistani isolate. On the other hand, phylogenetic analysis of T. annulata showed that the Pak-2* sequence appeared to be descendants of Indian isolate MH78945.1. In the future, this study will be helpful for large-scale analysis of multi...

Hui-juan Yan1, Wei Wang2,*, Jian-qiu Yu1, Jun Yi2, Li-li Niu1, Hong-wei Chen1, Yu Qu1, Yang Pu 1, Ang Chen1, Yan Zhong1, Wei-gang Chen1 and Xing-ming Yu1

...In the present study, we sequenced the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene and compared the gut microbiota composition among three ages of captive hog deer, including one infant (Z1, six months old), three young (Z2, ten months old) and 12 adult (Z3, 4-5 years old). A total of 26 phyla (15, 22 and 25 in Z1, Z2 and Z3) and 310 genera (153, 254 and 304 in Z1, Z2 and Z3) were identified. In Z1, Z2 and Z3, Firmicutes (63.65%, 62.07% and 61.96%) was the predominant phylum, ...

Xiaoping Gao1, Yanping Li2*, Renyi Zhang3, Yunyun Lv2, Yongming Wang2, Jinrong Shi2, Jiang Xie2, Chiping Kong1 and Lekang Li1

... an Illumina Hiseq X Ten sequencer. This mitogenome’s structure is typical circular with 16,611 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a control region. The overall base composition of S. cyphotergous is 31.33% A, 25.89% T, 26.49% C, and 16.29% G with a slight AT bias of 57.22%. Most mitochondrial genes except ND6 and eight tRNAs were encoded on the heavy strand. All tRNA genes fold into the...

Seruni Agistiana1, I. Wayan Teguh Wibawan2, Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari2, Harimurti Nuradji3, Surachmi Setiyaningsih2*

...ently, the isolates were sequenced and compared with other ASFV isolates to establish the virus genotype. Sanger sequencing was conducted using the B646L gene, which was the most frequently used genetic marker. The phylogenetic tree construction results showed that genotype II was present in the samples, which was similar to Indonesian isolates and other Asian isolates. Therefore, the import of pigs and pork products must be regulated to prevent the entry of o...

Ahmed J. Jaafer1*, Alaa K. Jassim1, Nidhal A. Hashim2 

... is a way to stop its consequences. An abnormal body mass index can lead to many problems during pregnancy. It is also one of the main risk factors for pregnancy that can be changed. Knowing and evaluating the relationship of body mass index with insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes. This case-control study included 50 pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes who were diagnosed by doctors at Maysan Children’s and Maternity Hosp...

Saima Naz1*, Moazama Batool2*, Qurat Ul Ain2, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha3, Sheeza Bano2, Sadia Nazir4, Ghulam Abbas5 and Unab Zahra1

... of the environmental consequences of new insecticides. The results showed significant morphological changes  in red blood cells, severe histological changes and DNA damage in brain tissues of exposed fish. Thus, malathion in water have toxic effects on fish therefore its seepage into aquatic bodies should be carefully monitored.

...

Baraa Najim Al-Okaily 

...result in unfavorable consequences, such as degenerative illnesses. Chronic liver and kidney disorders are highly widespread globally and are intricately linked to oxidative stress, a phenomenon that has been extensively studied and highlighted for many years. Collectively, we can conclude that the oxidative stress is normal when there is a balance between the production rate and scavenger rate. However, it could be detrimental when the ability of body is insu...

Haifen Qin1,2, Yujia Liu1, Yujie Zhang1, Jingfeng Liu1, Zhenkun Zhao1,2 and Lichun Jiang1,2*

...a species control region sequence with rich A+T content exhibited high genetic variability. All PCGs initiate with ATN and terminate with the TAA or TAG except for COXI-COXIII and ND3-ND5, where they end with an incomplete stop codon (T--). All tRNAs form clover-leaf structure only apart from trnS (AGN) which possess a reduced DHU arm. The motifs ‘ATGATAA’ between ND4L and ND4, was more conserved than that between trnS (UCN) and ND1 and between ATP...

Saima Younas and Aleena Sumrin*

...tudy group. Successfully sequenced patients were divided into two group based on their treatment history, as treatment naive and experienced groups. Both groups were analyzed for detection of amino acid mutations at positions 28, 30, 31, 58 and 93. A30T was detected in 7.6%, Y93H in 15.6% P58T as 7.6% while S98G was found in 23% treated patients. However, these mutations were not detected in any of treatment naive patients. Some mutations were identified in bo...
Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh1,2, Hafizan Juahir1,2*, Azimah Ismail1, Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir3,5, Setyo Budi Kurniawan1,4 and Ahmad Jusoh5
 
 
...tigating the damaging consequences of environmental pesticide pollution.
...
Hend E.M. Elsheikh1*, Mamdouh F. El-Mekkawi1, A.A. Abou-Zaid1 and Amal M. Abd El-Raof2
... strain based on partial sequence of the EEV Glycoprotein gene that firstly used in Egypt, for LSDV detection from 2 infected cows and three types of live attenuated vaccines used in Egypt. In all, 42 of the 145 cows displayed characteristic LSD clinical signs in form of spontaneous eruption of many intradermal nodules varied in size and numbers. Conventional PCR was employed for LSDV confirmation as LSDV DNA was identified in 11 out of 12 (91.6%) samples [6/6...
Hend E.M. Elsheikh1*, Mamdouh F. El-Mekkawi1, A.A. Abou-Zaid1 and Amal M. Abd El-Raof2
... strain based on partial sequence of the EEV Glycoprotein gene that firstly used in Egypt, for LSDV detection from 2 infected cows and three types of live attenuated vaccines used in Egypt. In all, 42 of the 145 cows displayed characteristic LSD clinical signs in form of spontaneous eruption of many intradermal nodules varied in size and numbers. Conventional PCR was employed for LSDV confirmation as LSDV DNA was identified in 11 out of 12 (91.6%) samples [6/6...

Nguyen Ba Trung1,2*, Pham Thi Kim Phuong1,2

... examined the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA and the SRY gene on the Y chromosome, as well as conducted genotyping of the NCAPG, DGAT1, and RNF212 genes in the Ongole cattle population. The sequence investigation of the mitochondrial DNA revealed that the cattle possess the Bos indicus type I1 haplotype, suggesting relatively high genetic diversity in the maternal lineage. The sequence
Ahmad Ibrahim Jalali1, Mudssar Ali1*, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad2,4 and Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan1,3
...ions exist, but their consequences for non-target arthropods in Pakistan have been underreported. Keeping in view this gap, current experiments, using the randomized complete block design, compared the effectiveness of synthetic pesticides and biorational options (including dried plant powders and sand mixtures, and eucalyptus based biopesticides) on fall armyworm control, as well as their effects on non-target fauna. The results showed that fall armyworm dama...

Adel Sobhy1, Ahmed El-khamary1, Ahmed M. Rashwan2,3, Ashraf Shamaa4, Mostafa Kassem5, Mohamed M. A. Abumandour6*, Ahmed El-Mansi7, 8 and Ahmed G. Nomir2

...as well as injury and consequences. This study used three methodologies of approach (anatomical, cadaveric, and live experimental tests) to describe the brachial plexus topography in the donkey, evaluate the US color doppler brachial plexus blockage, and test the analgesic efficacy. We topographically anatomized the brachial plexus in three cadavers. Color Doppler US-guided methylene blue dye was injected into both sides of the brachial plexus: p1 (plexus root...

Bushra Sial1, Arif Muhammad Khan1, Mohsan Raza1,6*, Azhar Abbas Khan2, Sayyad Ali Raza Bukhari1, Muhammad Kashif Hanif3, Sher Khan Panhwar4, Muhammad Ashfaq5

...families/genera. 542 COI sequences from experimental species and an online database were considered for phylogenetic and Fst analysis. Moreover, an online QR code generator was used to develop the first-ever QR codes for nucleotide information of these species. It is the first study from Pakistan to reveal the barcode gap, phylogenetic relationship, and genetic diversity of the fish species in the northern Arabian Sea. A notable genetic variation level was rev...

Efe Peterson Irikefe-Ekeke1, Oghenebrorhie Obakanurhe1*, Adimabua Mike Moemeka1, UfuomaGodstime Sorhue2, Ifeoma Jane Onwumelu1, Ifo Alex Amata2

...lt of recent, ongoing consequences of climate change that are raising temperatures. Chromium (Cr), especially when added to animal diets, can halt the lipid peroxidation caused by climate change because of its strong antioxidant qualities. A four-week study to determine the response of weaned rabbits at 5 weeks old on varying levels of organic and inorganic chromium supplementations was conducted. One hundred and twenty-six composite breeds of weaned rabbits o...

Hamayun Arshad1, Muhammad Waris2,3 and Qurratulann Afza Gardner1*

...ce strain 2362. The gene sequence was submitted to Genbank (OQ701385). We isolated the S-layer protein of this strain by treating it with lithium chloride (LiCl). After SDS-PAGE analysis, the protein was subjected to in-gel digestion and peptide mass fingerprinting for identification. Following the successful identification of this protein, we used it to test its toxicity against mosquito larvae by following WHO guidelines with slight modification. The bioassa...

Thaer W. Enad*, Khalefa A. Mansour

...ve SAT2 serotypes. Those sequences were deposited into GenBank with accession numbers (PP898191-PP898192). At the same time, the seropositive rate was 80.39% on the ELISA test, which was used on serum samples for antibody detection. Genetic analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between the Iraqi SAT2 isolates and the Egyptian strains, suggesting a possible transmission route. This study outlines an increased risk of disease from SAT2 form and signific...

Nguyen Ba Trung1,2*, Pham Thi Kim Phuong1,2

...estigated the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA and the SRY gene on the Y chromosome, as well as performed genotyping of the DGAT1, NCAPG, and RNF212 genes related to economically important traits such as milk yield, carcass weight, and fertility within the Vang cattle population. The analysis of the mitochondrial DNA sequences indicated that the Vang cattle carry the Bos indicus type I1 haplotype, which implies a si...

Yasser Asaad Hameed Al-Shareef, Firas Hussain Kadim Abawi*

... NDV isolates to publish sequences. Isolates characterized here showed 90.37% sequence similarity to the Iranian isolate Asil/IR/AAA158/2019 (MN370894.1) within velogenic clusters. Taken together, clinical, genetics and molecular biological approaches identified velogenic strains of NDV in poultry which breach the immunity induced by the currently applied vaccines, warranting future monitoring to better device control strate...

Jumiati Asis1, Nur Aainaa Hasbullah1, Mohamadu Boyie Jalloh1, Noor Khairani Mohamad Basri1, Palanivell Perumal2, Peter Mojiun2 and Mohd. Rashid Mohd. Rakib1* 

... transcribed spacer gene sequences. The in-planta experiment was conducted by inoculation of 3-month-old oil palm seedlings with rubber wood block inoculum. Single and mixture conidial suspensions 1×106 of T4RH and T8R were applied to the Ganoderma-inoculated plants. It was found that T4RH, T8R, and mixed Trichoderma treatments have significantly lower disease incidence, disease severity index, area under disease progress ...

Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Ahmed Eid1, Marwa E. Abo Hashem1*

...dentification by PCR and sequence analysis. In total, 300 samples were gathered (100 chicken liver, 150 chicken feces, 50 human stool). Bacteriological examination, serotyping, antibiogram, virulence (invA, stn) and antibiotic resistance genes (ermB, aadB) PCR screening for detection of virulence and antimicrobial resistance of strains and stn gene sequencing in S. Typhimurium of poultry (STP), S. Enteritidis of poultry (SEP) and S. Typhimurium of human (STH) ...

Ye-Ling Lao, Jin-Long Huang, Cheng-He Sun, Xiao-Ying Huang, Ting Wu and Qun Zhang*

...ased on the concatenated sequences of 13 protein-coding genes and two rRNAs from the mitogenomes of 37 New World cichlids and one African cichlid, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods and verified the classification of the target species M. altispinosus. According to our analysis, further studies should focus on the relationships between Amphilophus and Symphysodon. By determining the complete mitogenome of M. altis...

Shibao Guo1, Junhua Chen1, Nan Song2, Fangmei Zhang1*

...enes among the available sequenced species of family Tephritidae by maximum likelihood and bayesian inference methods suggested the genus relationship of Tephritidae: ((Bactrocera, Dacus, Zeugodacus), Felderimyia, Anastrepha), (Acrotaeniostola, (Neoceratitis, Ceratitis), Euleia, Rivellia), (Procecidochares, (Tephritis, Sphaenisscus))))). Our results presented the first mitogenome from Sphaeniscus and provide insights into the species identification, taxonomy a...

Khalid Nabieh1, Wael K. Elfeil2*, Ahmed Ali1, Ali Zanaty3, Magdy F. Elkady1

...and VP2 (Segment A) gene sequences. Samples of bursal tissue were obtained from poultry farms located in the governorates of Dakahlia, Kafr Elsheikh, Menoufia, and Qalyubia in Egypt. Following extraction of total RNA from these samples, the partial segments of IBDV VP1 and VP2 were amplified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Followed by sequencing of these segments, and a phylogenetic analysis of the strains was performed to evalu...

Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

November

Vol. 12, Iss. 11, pp. 2062-2300

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