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Shumaila Manzoor1, Afshan Ahmed1 and Muhammad Abubakar2*

...ion. The pattern of antibody titers in animals of different age groups was observed as less than 1 year, 1-2 years and more than 2 years for both ELISA and SNT. The peak immune response measured by SNT was 2.8log10 whereas ELISA detected serum antibody titer up to 2.4 log10. Findings showed that highest titers were seen in animals of age > 2 years i.e. 1.70 log10 (for s...

Anna-Maria Andersson*, Ann-Kristin Nyman, Per Wallgren

...ial to know if estimated antibody levels vary over a period of weeks or months. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the short term stability and the long term consistency of the antibody levels to Aleutian disease virus (ADV). When evaluated in the short term, i.e. between consecutive days and weeks, the estimated antibody levels were comparable and did not exceed the predefin...

Amitha Reena Gomes1, Belamaranahally Muniveerappa Veeregowda2, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda1, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan3*

...genetics, anti idiotypic antibody based vaccines and helper cell dependent diagnostics represent the present vaccine/diagnostic development strategies for the effective control and eradication of PPR. This review comprehend the current scenario of recombinant technology based vaccines and diagnostics, virus like particles (VLPs), reverse genetics approach etc., in the development of diagnostics and vaccines against PPR.

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Hira Akhter1, Bilal Aslam2*, Naveed Shahzad3, Tanzeela Farooq4, Muhammad Umer5 and Muhammad Hidayat Rasool2

...y aimed at measuring the antibody titres against H9N2 influenza viruses and its molecular detections in asymptomatic commercial layers from Faisalabad district of Punjab, Pakistan. Overall 120 blood samples, 24 tissue samples from each organ (trachea, lung and intestine) were collected from the 12 commercial layer flocks selected randomly at the age of 35-50 weeks without any direct clinical manifestation of avian influenza. Serum collected from 120 birds was ...

Aziz-ul-Rahman, Farooq Yousaf, Naveed Anwar and Muhammad Abubakar

...PRV antigen to determine antibody titres level. The overall prevalence of antibodies to PPRV in goats and sheep were 66.22% (521 samples) and 65.76% (444 samples), respectively. Sero-prevalence of anti-PPRV antibodies was found higher in adults (69.14% with GMT 17.91) than in young (62.47% with GMT 12.85). Furthermore, seasonal seropositivity seasons was recorded and sero-prevalence during summer was found to be higher (72.84% with GMT 20.18) than other season...

Erum Bughio1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi*1, Muzamil Memon2, Reema Bughio3, Pervez Ahmed Khoso4, Zafar Ali Khoso1 and Ali Asghar Baloch5

...xhibited similar pattern antibody profiles, however, an increase in the mean titer of antibodies was recorded from 17 and onwards. Furthermore, on day 39 of age, the birds of all groups including control were challenged with field strain of IBD virus collected from bursa of clinically infected chicks, No morbidity and mortality were observed. During present study, some milder infection with field strain of IBDV almost a week ago recorded were also found in the...
Uzma Farid Durrani1,*,Sagar Mal Goyal2, Asim Khalid Mahmood1,Cathleen Hanlon3, Susan Moore3, Muhammad Waqas1 and Raheela Akhtar4
...abies virus neutralizing antibody titer (mRVNA). All puppies were whelped by dams regularly vaccinated with high quality inactivated rabies vaccines. Rapid Fluorescence Focus Inhibition Technique (RFFIT) revealed mRVNA titer (>0.5 IU/mL) in 29 puppies while 48 puppies showed mRVNA titer less than minimum protective level (0.2-0.4 IU/mL). RFFIT did not reveal mRVNA in 23 puppies that were declared lacking maternal rabies immunity. One basis of findings of th...

Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady 1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, A. Arafa1, M.K. Hassan1, M.M. Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2

...kly post vaccination for antibody detection by HI test. All immunized chickens shown high HI antibody titers (9Log2) two weeks post-booster dose. The chickens were then challenged using homogenous AI H9N2 strain. During the course of infections, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were collected from all chickens at 3, 5 and 7 days post-challenge (p.c.) for virus titration in eggs. Data indicated that all chickens vaccinated wit...

Nirbhay Kushwaha, Achuit K Singh, Brotati Chattopadhyay and Supriya Chakraborty

Recent advances in geminivirus detection and future perspectives
...ng, electron microscopy, antibody-based detection, including ELISA, nucleic acid hybridizations like dot blot, squash blot and Southern blot techniques, polymerase chain reaction and other DNA polymerase-mediated assays, and microarray detection. Of these, microarray detection provides the greatest capability for parallel yet specific testing and can be used to detect individual or combinations of viruses with sensitivity comparable to ELISA. Methods based on ...

Shams Ur Rehman, Muhammad Arif and Abdul Mateen 

 

Soil-borne viruses in major potato growing areas of Pakistan
...tivity assays and double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Both the viruses were prevalent in Hazara and Malakand divisions. The average symptoms based incidence in Hazara divi-sion for PMTV was 8.83% and TRV was 6.80% while in Malakand division the average symptoms based inci-dence for PMTV was 8.46% and TRV was 9.95%. DAS-ELISA based average incidence in Hazara of PMTV and TRV was 17.34% and 11.99% respectively. The average DAS...
Beenish Zahid1,*, Asim Aslam2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry2 and Raheela Akhtar2
... drops. Group B specific antibody negative (SAN) chicks were challenged with same dose at 2nd week of age. While the group C and D was unchallenged control containing commercial and SAN chicks. The Blood samples were collected from group A, B, C and D on 3rd, 5th and 7th day of post infection for biochemical analysis. The Albumin and total protein values were significantly low (P<0.05) in infected groups A and B a...

Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, Abdel Satar Arafa1, Mohamed Khalifa Hassan1, Mona Mehrez Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2

... developed detectable HI antibody titers up to 6log2 within two weeks post-booster vaccination. The challenge experiment was performed using isolate A/chicken/Egypt/A6/2011 (H5N1) with concentration of 105 EID50 to evaluate the protective efficacy of the Egy-H5 plasmid DNA vaccine. The Egy-H5 plasmid DNA vaccine induced complete protection (100%) and there was no virus shedding in all chickens immunized with the Egy-H5 plasmid DNA vaccine. Taken together, the ...
Naila Chand1,*, Shabana Naz2, Hamza Maris1, Rifat Ullhah Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi1
...il/lymphocytes ratio and antibody titer was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the treated groups. Based on these results, it is concluded that supplementation of diets with betaine improved broiler feed intake, weight gain, FCR and increased immunity were under heat stress condition.
...

Lucas Pedroso Colvero1, Paulo Eduardo Brandão2*, Cesar Alejandro Rodriguez Rosales2, Hanny Swam3 and Laura Yaneth Buitrago Villarreal1 

 

...cine A showed mean ELISA antibody S/P ratios from 0.099 to 0.995 between weeks 2 and 6 post-vaccination against IBV antigen, while for vaccine B group mean S/P ratio dropped to 0.550 at week 6. Virus neutralization test showed that birds vaccinated with vaccine A showed neutralizing antibodies against IBV Massachusetts, 4/91, D274 and Qx types, while titers for vaccine B were not detected, suggesting a role of the poor emulsion quality on the performance of va...
Kashif Prince1,*, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Atif Prince3, Naimat Ullah Khan1 and Mumtaz Ali Khan1
...ults showed that highest antibody titer was developed in cattle, colostrum and their calves in group G in which treatment was started 75 days prepartum and VESS was given. It was concluded that vitamin E and selenium supplementation improves both active and passive immune system if given before 75 days of parturition.
...
Zia-ur-Rehaman1, Naila Chand1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Rifat Ullah Khan2,*
...day 21 to 42. Mean serum antibody titer against Newcastle disease (ND) and serum paraoxonase (PON1) were significantly higher (P< 0.05) in TN zone, while serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in HAT zone. No significant differences were recorded in serum antibody titer against ND, PON1 and MDA among different broiler strains in TN zone, while in HAT zone, Ross and Arber Acer showed significantl...

 Javid Iqbal, Asghar Ali Mian, Tanveer Ahmad*, Shamsul Hassan** and Sohail Hassan Khan* 

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC TRAITS OF FOUR IMPORTED BROILER STRAINS UNDER LOCAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN
... ratio (FCR), mortality, antibody titres, dressing percentage and economic evaluation as cost of broiler per kilogram live weight produced. The average body weights gained by the birds were 2264g, 2277g, 2256g and 1942g for A, B, C and D strains, respectively at 49 days of age. The birds in treatments A, B and C gained significantly (P <0.05) more weight than the birds in treatment D. On the contrary, the birds in treatment D (4371g) consumed significantly ...
Lotta Wahldén1, 3, Ulf Emanuelson1, Torsten Møller2 and Jonas Johansson Wensman1*
...ost animals had high IgG antibody titers to CPV prior to vaccination and vaccination did not result in increased titers. A decline in CPV antibody titer with increasing age was observed regardless of immunization status. Our results suggest that vaccination of African wild dogs with a live attenuated domestic dog vaccine may provide adequate protection against CDV, and could therefore be an important tool for the conservatio...
Amna Kausar1,2, Sana Anwar1, Naila Siddique2, Safia Ahmed1 and Javid Iqbal Dasti1,*
...tination inhibition (HI) antibody titer (MT log2) against AIV H9 remained 7±3. Real-time PCR results showed 8.3% (42/507) of the samples were positive for viral matrix gene. Sub-typing was performed by specific anti-sera. PCR amplification was done by using N2 specific primers that confirmed 100% of the matrix (M) gene positive isolates as subtype H9N2. This is the first report from Pakistan that confirms prevalence of AIV H9N2 among differen...

Ghufran ul Haq1*, Muhammad Arif2, Asad Ali2 and Mian Inayatullah3 

...on of its vector. Triple antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) was successful in detecting TYLCV in naturally and whiteflies inoculated tomato plants. Transmission properties of the virus were determined by inoculation of tomato plants of susceptible cultivar, Roma-VF, by whiteflies, determining the minimum time required for acquisition and inoculation of the virus, latency period and the persistence capacity. The highest incidence of...
Hazrat Nabi1, Irshad Hussain2, Muhammad Adil3, Amar Nasir3,*, Arbab Sikandar3, Saeed Khan1 and Nasrullah Khan3

 

... of mycotoxin binders on antibody titer against New Castle disease virus, feed consumption, weight gain, relative weights of lymphoid organs and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers were investigated. Chicks fed aflatoxins (group B) alone manifested significantly reduced feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. However, no variation in weight gain and FCR was found between the controls (A, B and C) and mycotoxin binders fed groups (expe...
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Ikramul Haq1,*, Imdad Ullah Khan3, Naimat Ullah4, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Kashif Hussain1 and Azmat Ullah Khan2
...equal groups (n=18). The antibody titers were evaluated with indirect haemagglutination test. The results indicated significantly higher (P< 0.05) immune titer in animal group vaccinated with toxoid vaccine prepared from pathogenic isolates and provide best protection against challenge infection.
...
Fangxiao Dong1,2, Xuan Luo1,2, Delu Yuan1,2, Aixin Liang1,2* and Liguo Yang1,2*
...icantly stronger anti-SS antibody level than that in control (p < 0.05), and mice in T1 group induced significantly higher serum GH and PRL concentration in comparison with T2 and control groups (p < 0.05). Expectantly, mice in T1 group also showed significantly higher average weight gain and offspring weaning weight than that in T2 and control groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Overall, these results suggested that novel somatostat...

Ocheme Julius Okojokwu1*, Maryam Bisola Adebayo2, Bashiru Shafa Abubakar3, Ibrahim Abubakar Yusuf2 and Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi1  

...(52.5%) of women had IgG antibody to Parvovirus B19 while 31 (9.5%) were positive for IgM antibody. Demographics including age group, educational status, occupation, type of marriage, number of children, history of blood transfusion and trimester of pregnancy were statistically associated with prevalence of IgG antibody (p ≤ 0.05). There was a significant association (χ2 = 12.571; p...
Tünay KontaĹź AĹźkar1,*, Ĺžinasi AĹźkar1, Olga Büyükleblebici2 and Murat Güzel3
... the immune fluorescence antibody test with antibody titter ≥1:128 and lymph node smear examination. In blood samples of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis, levels of malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, adenosine deaminase and cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1β) were determined and compared with the healthy controls. Significantly high levels of plasma malondialdehyde, nitr...

 Ihsan Ali1#, Asim Aslam1*, Habib-ur-Rehman2, Beenish Zahid3, Ishtiaq Ahmed1

Effect of fish oil on growth performance and immune response in experimentally infected broiler chicken with avian influenza virus H9N2
..., growth performance and antibody response in H9N2 challenged
broilers. A total of 80 chicks were divided in to 4 groups A, B, C & D. Group A and
B were challenged with AI virus (H9N2) on 21 day of age, group B and C were
treated with 3% FO while group A and D were treated with cooking oil. For isolation
of virus, 21 samples were collected, out of which 8 (40%) were positive for H9. The
virus titer was ranged from 1:64 to...
Yan-Guo Han1, Xiao-Li Peng1, Kai Li1, Yu-He-Tian Zhao1, Xun-Ping Jiang2, Guang-Xin E1, Yong-Ju Zhao1, Jun-Hua Ye3, Li Xu3, Qin-Tao Zhao3 and Yong-Fu Huang1,*
...ificantly higher anti-SS antibody, serum growth hormone and IGF-1 concentrations and average body weight than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Immunisation with ptCS/2SS-asd promoted the growth of rams similar to the effect of the simple co-injection of CpG and SS DNA vaccine. Thus, the fusion type of CpG adjuvant is an effective, simple, and low-cost method in enhancing the effect of SS DNA vaccine and the growth of ram lambs.
...
Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Nasir Rajput2, Wen-xia Tian1,*, Muhammad Naeem2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Asmatullah Kaka2, Sheng Niu1 and Fa-jie Jia1
..., and new castle disease antibody titer were significantly higher in basil supplementary group. The weight gain and feed conversion ratio significantly improved in basil treated group, while ascorbic acid and basil significantly decreased the water intake. Body temperature and mortality percentage were significantly decreased in ascorbic acid and basil supplementary group as compared to control. Dressing percentage significantly increased in both supplementary...

 Ping Zhang1,2, Yabin Pu1, Yu Zhang2, Jia Chen2, Kunfu Wang3, Qian Li3, Yujiao Sun3, Yuehui Ma1, Shuqing Jiao2,* and Weijun Guan1,*

...d the immunofluorescence antibody invoved Sca-1, CD34, CD144, Desmin and CD45 which are the makers of MDSCs. Finally, MDSCs were induced into Adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes and neuron-like cells by the optimized inducing medium. After the two-step digestion and differential attachment technique, high purity MDSCs were successfully cultured. MDSCs were identified by round or short spindle cell, and gathered into clusters; The average doubling time and cl...
Yan-Guo Han1,2, Jun-Hua Ye1, Qin-Tao Zhao1, Yong-Jie Huang2, Kai Li2, Yong-Fu Huang2 and Li Xu1,*
...mmune response, however, antibody response in T1 group were significantly stronger than that in T2 and C groups. Serum GH levels in T1 group was significantly higher than those in T2 and C groups, and serum PRL levels in T1 group was significantly higher than that in control group. Body weight of offsping rats in T1 group were significantly higher than that in control group at weeks 2 and 4 after birth, and body weight of offsping in T2 group were significantl...
Rana Waqas Arshad1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Kamran Ashraf2 and Raheela Akhtar1,*
...ups. ELISA revealed high antibody titre in live vector vaccine group and a partial protection was observed in birds vaccinated with immune complex or intermediate plus vaccines. Consistently, histopathological lesions of IBD were less evident in live vector vaccine group in comparison to other groups. In addition live vector vaccine improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) by keeping the bird healthy and by decreasing the immunosuppression. These results indic...

Farheen Shafique1, Shaukat Ali2,*, Saiqa Andleeb1, Abdul Rauf1,3, Syed Ayaz Kazmi1,3, Sadia Idrees4, Faisal Farooq1,3, Faiq Nawaz Khan3,4, Muhammad Saad-ul-Hassan1,3, Raja Awais Mumtaz1,3, Saba Khalid1, Zaheem Ashraf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2 and Fazal-ur-Rehman5

...Ag) and Anti hepatitis C antibody (Anti-HCV antibody) after initial screening with no coinfection of both diseases. Out of 25 total infected individuals, 05(1.6%) were found HBsAg positive and 20(6.6%) were found anti-HCV positive. All the ICT positive individuals were further confirmed by quantitative Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and 23(7.6%) individuals were confirmed for both hepatitis B and C including 05(1....
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...ted group had highest HI antibody titers (7.22±0.25, 7.36±0.18 and 6.55±0.38). In experiments 1 and 2, supplementation with immune modulators had significant (P<0.05) effects on total SRBC, IgG and IgM titers. In conclusion, vitamin E showed better immuno-modulatory effect followed by vitamin C, nucleotides and DNA, respectively. Supplementation of immuno-modulators at early age (1 to 21 days) showed more promising effect on immune perf...
Gong Ga1,2 and SuoLang Sizhu2,*
...ive to anti-HEV IgM antibody and Seventeen serum sample (9.8%, 17/173) were positive for anti-HEV IgG antibody. The HEV RNA positive rate was of 4.6% (8/173) in feces and serum. Moreover, the prevalence of HEV RNA was 9.5% (2/21) in swine liver, 4.8% (1/21) in swine spleen, 9.5% (2/21) in swine kidney, 4.8% (1/21) in swine intestine and 14.3% (3/21) in swine pork. HEV antigens were abundantly observed in the p...
Yan-Guo Han, Jia-Yuan Wu, Ri-Su Na, Wei-Jiang Si, Yu-Qin Han, Yan Zeng, Yong-Ju Zhao and Yong-Fu Huang*
... vaccines induced strong antibody response, significantly suppressed testosterone secretion and reduced scrotal circumference and testis weight. It also significantly reduced the concentrations of 4-methyloctanoic acid and 4-methylnonanoic acid in adipose tissue. These findings indicated that immunisation of oral and plasmid-injected KISS1 DNA vaccines can effectively suppress testosterone secretion, testis growth and mutton odour, and the novel oral
Samia Afzal*,Sadia Zahid, Iram Amin, Muhammad Shahid and Muhammad Idrees
...itive, respectively. All antibody positive samples and a subset of negative samples (195) were further subjected to PCR for confirmatory purposes. Two different sets of primers were used for the identification of the viral genome. Thirty samples were found PCR positive and a subset of ten samples was direct sequenced. Sequence analysis showed 94% similarity to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia which is considered to be the second most prevalent bacterial spe...

Cornelius Arome Omatola*, Samson Daniel Iyeh, Shedrach James Abuh, Charles Kehinde Mofolorunsho, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo and Phoebe Queen Akoh 

...reponemal and treponemal antibody test. Socio-demographic and obstetric parameters were obtained using structured questionnaires. Sixty-four (25.6%) out of 250 women had at least one STI. The overall prevalence of syphilis, HIV, HBV, HCV and HSV-2 were 28(11.2%), 21(8.4%), 10(4.0%), 5(2.0%) and 0% respectively. Women who were married, unemployed, aged 15-35 years and of low-income earners had a higher prevalence of STIs. Factors such as a history of STIs in wo...
Shikun Ge1, 2, Yanli Yang3, Brindha Chelliappan4, 5, Antonysamy Michael5, Fagang Zhong1 and Xiaoying Zhang1, 2, 3, 4*
...n. Based on Based on IgY antibody titer, IgY thermostability, IgY acid and alkali resistance, resistance to trypsin and pepsin, four different IgY purification methods (PEG extraction, water dilution method, the effect of liquid egg yolk and egg yolk powder preparations) on the activity of IgY antibodies was investigated. The results showed that IgY was stable below 70 oC, and the activity was significantly lost when it exceeded 70 °C; IgY was r...

Christian Marco Hadi Nugroho1 and Jeanne Adiwinata Pawitan2,3,4*

Production of Antibody for Direct Fluorescence Antibody Assay against Avian Influenza H9N2
...s the direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) assay. This method is a combination of immunology and bio-imaging. This DFA assay is rapid and sensitive, but specificity is influenced by antibody production methods. Therefore, the aim of this review was to describe various antibody production methods, which might be used in developing DFA assay to diagnose H9N2 infection in humans or chickens, and...
Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shahid Mehmood2*, Athar Mahmud2Khalid Javed3 and Jibran Hussain2

 

...biochemistry, and immune antibody response. A total of 1200 newly hatched quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups. Each treatment group contained 40 birds and experiments were replicated six times using a completely randomized design (CRD). The experimental diets consisted of increasing levels of compost (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%), but were otherwise iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. Data were analyzed by...
Neelam Pery1*, Fatima Ijaz1, Nayab Batool Rizvi1, Munawar Ali Munawar1 and Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq2*
... cytokine expression and antibody production to the bone resorption and cartilage destruction. We propose a dual trap to control this pathogenesis in the form of dual JAK3/BTK inhibitor. Using the computer-aided drug designing techniques, we developed dual JAK3 and BTK inhibitors based on quinoxaline derivatives which show appreciable dual inhibition in enzyme assays. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever report on dual JAK3/BTK inhibitors.
...
Mudussar Nawaz1, Iahtasham Khan2, Muhammad Shakeell*, Arfan Yousaf1, Zahid Naseer1, Munibullah1, Ali Zohaib3, Riaz Hussain4 and Qudrat Ullah5
...ith anti-Brucella antibody titers. In conclusion, brucellosis is prevalent in Islamabad Capital Territory.
...

Masoud Hassani1* and Omid Madadgar2,3

Serological Evidence of Bluetongue in Iran: A Meta-Analysis Study
...tongue seroprevalence by antibody-captured ELISA test in livestock in Iran by searching terms including bluetongue, sheep, ovine, goat, caprine, cow, cattle, bovine, buffalo, camel, Iran and prevalence alone or in combination in both English and Farsi language. After reviewing 82 published articles, a total of 48 studies from 29 articles were eligible to be included in this meta-analysis study. The total seroprevalence of bluetongue in apparently healthy sheep...
Muhammad Saeed Shah1, Fazal Nasir2, Sana Ul Haq1 and Muhammad Tahir Khan2*
...on and suppression of an antibody in response to an antigen. Clonal selection theory represents how immune cells mutate and proliferate into memory cells. The methodology presented in this paper is autonomous and de-centralized. In the proposed system, the robots work effectively to complete a task either alone or co-operatively. Specifically, the coordination and communication among various robots are established based on the concept of immune system, idiotyp...
Rabia Riaz1, Khushi Muhammad1*, Masood Rabbani1, Muhammad Amjad Iqbal2, Aamir Riaz Khan2, Sadia Sarfaraz1, Mudassar Naseer3 and Khalid Majeed1
...nation for anti-MG-ELISA antibody titer. Cumulative mean anti-MG-ELISA antibody titer of birds to G-MG, O-MG, G-MG+NDV, O-MG+NDV and control was 80.30, 137.49, 91.59, 169.76 and 0.15 units respectively on 35 days post-vaccination. It is concluded that NDV has insignificant immunomodulatory effect on antibody response of birds to the MG vaccine.
...
Faheem Ahmed Khan1*, Sarzamin Khan2, Qurat-ul-Ain3, Saqib Ishaq1Muhammad Salman1, Abdul Rehman1, Ikram Ullah4, Kalsoom5 and Johar Jamil5
...ed by SCMP. The level of antibody titre against Newcastle Disease Vaccine was significantly higher (p≤0.05) than all treated groups. Higher antibody titre was recorded for group C (6g/Kg) (HI≥1:64) followed by group B (4g/Kg) (HI≥1:32) and Group A (2g/Kg) (HI≥1:8) while antibody titre was lower for control group D. Replacement of soybean meal with SCMP did not affect the level ...
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Khalid Mehmood1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Tauseef Asmat1
...control (P<0.05). The antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus and sheep RBC showed no significant difference among treatment groups (P>0.05). Supplementation of herbal extracts as feed additives at 200 mg/Kg produced better growth performance of broiler chickens with no adverse effects.
...
Samina Tahir Kiani1, Abdul Rauf1, Syed Ayaz Kazmi1,*, Nuzhat Shafi1, Madiha Khalid2, Naeem Latif1, Samina Gul2, Saghir Yousaf3 and Muhammad Arshad4
...re screened for anti-HCV antibody, HBsAg and anti-MTB antibodies using ICT kits. Sputum microscopy for MTB was done in MTB antibody positive samples. The samples positive in initial screening were confirmed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nine samples were found positive in both ICT and ELISA test for HCV while PCR showed six positive cases for HCV. HBV were found positive in...

Walaa ,S. Shabanaa;Bakr, A. Abdallaa; Eman, M. ELShalamia; I.M. Redab; M. A. Shalabyb

....The
mean of antibody titers continued with the protective level till the 32 to 36th week post vaccination,
In single vaccination either FMD or RFV alone while till to 40th WPV in combined FMD/RVF
vaccine.In the final we can conclude that the use of Montanide ISA 50 as an oil adjuvant in prepared
vaccines improve the immune response against FMD and RVF, giving high titer of antibodies
against both dis...

Mai A. Kilany1; Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1; Yousry E. Abo El-magd2 and Nermin Raafat2.

...ion of Hepatitis C Virus antibody and quantitative determination of RNA-HCV by RT-PCR were done. MnSOD activity was evaluated using a superoxide dis-mutase assay kit. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and re-striction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The homozygous Ala/Ala (CC) was significantly more frequent in HCV-related HCC patients com-pared to HCV-infected patients and control group (67.5%, 12%, and 15% respective-ly, p...
RehamM. El-Bakrey1, Shimaa M.G. Mansour2, Mohammed A. El Sisi1 AndAmal A.M. Eid1
...l tracts. Despite the H5 antibody responses in vaccinated chickens with program I (rFP-AI-H5" vaccine then Re-5) being significantly lower prior to challenge, it provided good protection (73.3%) against the lethal A/chicken/Egypt/SHAH-1403/2011 (H5N1) AIV challenge, with no evidence of virus shedding. Keeping in mind that each bird was potentially challenged with 105 EID50, which may not be available to all birds under field condition. The foremost vaccin...

Yasser F. Elnaker 1, Mohamed El-Tholoth 2, Sahar Saber 3, Amira A- Elsaid4, Mohamed A. Saad 3, Emad E. Younis 5

...rescence test. The serum antibody titers were determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) and Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) in calves and also their dams. The results confirmed infection of calves with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and showed that calves older than 3 months old age and those out of first calf heifers are more susceptible for infection. Some calves even with insufficient amount of maternal antibodies could be protected from infe...

Walaa Abd El-Fatah S. Metwally1, Ismail M. Reda2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2, Mohamed Abd El-Khalek Ali2

...A unit/dose were high in antibody titer than vaccines containing 256 and 100 HA unit/dose. The prepared vaccines with Montanide ISA 70VG containing 256 HA unit/dose gave high antibody titer than vaccines containing 100 HA unit/dose. The ratio of 30% Chicken strain of AI to 70 % Duck strain of AI gave the best result of antibody titer followed by the ratio 40% to 60% followed by 50% to 50% ...

Ebtisam, A. Abouel yazeed1; Yanni, M.I.1 and Hanan A. Fahmy2

...and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) as well as molecular method as real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) from samples collected during neonatal diarrhea. Six out of forty tested samples were found positive for rotavirus (15%) infection using ELISA test. Successful isolation of the rotavirus on MDBK cell line from two samples from the positive ELISA samples. The beginning of characteristic cytopathic effects (CPE) were observe...

Hanaa A. Ahmed1 and Eman M. AboHatab2

...irect immuno fluorescent antibody technique (IFA) which was considered a rapid and accurate method for LSD antigen detection. nodules were subjected directly to PCR and Real time PCR for rapid and specific detection of LSDV, sixteen out of the twenty one nodular samples were confirmed positive by molecular methods. Eleven out of twenty one nodular samples were positive by (IFAT) in CAM, which prove that PCR and Real Time PCR are much sensitive and rapid diagno...

Yanni, M. I1; Hanaa A. Ahmed2; Lamyaa, A. Ahmed1; Hanan, A. Fahmy3 and Ibrahim, E.M.4 Aggour, M. G.3

...t for direct fluorescent antibody technique and isolation on tissue culture using BHK cells. Direct confirmation was performed by Real time RT- PCR and gene sequencing was performed directly from brain samples. Phylogenetic analysis including sequences from all previous Egyptian isolates and neighboring countries isolates was conducted. The % of nucleotide identities of the Egyptian recent isolate (Egy/cairo /2014) with three previous Egyptian isolates were 98...

Afaf. A. Khedr*, Ekram Salama*, A. A. Samy**, Abdella, Y.A.*** and Suzan. K. Tolba***

...uperior as shown in mean antibody titers against Avibacterium paragallinarum serovar A, B and C and infectious bronchitis. In addition, Montanide ISA-70 is lesser in viscosity that makes it easily injected, so, it is better to use for control of infectious coryza and infectious bronchitis diseases in chickens.

...

1Mona A. El-Manzalawy, 2Abeer A. Boseila , 3Hanan M. El Zahed

... gel only show the least antibody titer. The group of sheep, which was vaccinated with RVF, inactivated PMO without gel vaccine show intermediate level of antibodies. Moreover, the values of ED50 of the developed vaccines as well as the Alum vaccine alone were not exceed 0.02 which lies within the permissible level.

...

Serag eldeen Sultana, M.W Abdel azeemb, Nahla Mohamed Eldamranyc

Amira A. Mazyad1; A. A. Kheder1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; W. Amer.2; Mahasen, H. Ismail.2; Amal, A.F.1

Magdy, Mariam1 ; Abou ElHassan D.G. 2 ; and Salem, S.A.H 3

...the titer of
antibody against strains A,O, SAT-2 with high titer of antibody against serotype (A) was 87 ,
serotype (O) was 72 and serotype (SAT-2) was 53 . Matching between SNT and ELISA was
applied for negative sera samples.
...
Abd El-Hamid, M.I1, Seham, A.El-Zeedy1, El-Sanousi, A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1, Abbas, A.M1
...rs of virus-neutralizing antibody among the spectrum of EHV-1 proteins .A wave of Abortions has been recorded in El Zahraa stud for Arabian Horses ,collected samples were either aborted fetal tissues either Lung and livers as well as Aborted placenta and nasal swaps from mares suffering from repeated Abortions, The current study used the gene synthesis technology introduced by Invitrogen to synthesis the glycoprotein D of the Kentucky Strain as reference strai...

Abd El-Hamid, M.I1; Seham, A. ElZeedy1; El-Sanousi A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1., Abbas, A.M1

...rs of virus-neutralizing antibody among the spectrum of EHV-1 proteins based on sequence analysis and multiple alignment revealed single nucleotide substitution at the base pair number 121 from the start codon which give lead to single Amino Acid Substitution from CAG (Glutamine(Gln/Q)) which is considered as a polar Amino Acid to AAG (Lysine(Lys/K)) which is a basic Amino Acid which is very characteristic for the local isolate than the rest of isolate and str...

Megahed, A.A.1; Kh. A.El-Dougdoug2 and B.A. Othman2

... serologically by double antibody sandwaich Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The survey of sugar beet viruses achieved in 15 field locations belonging to 5 different Governorates, which performed by examination 915 plant samples from 149 fields in two seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/2011) symptomatology. During survey, 464 of naturally infected sugar beet plants showing distincted for one or more viruses were collected from 73 fields in season 2009/2...

Hanan M. El-Zahed, Hanaa A. Mostafa, Nermeen M. El Sayed and Lamiaa M. Omar

...high levels of CAV ELISA antibody titers in all the vaccinated chicken subgroups at 4th WPV with either DW or S/C CAV vaccine indicating that the two CAV vaccines were immunogenic; Also, by measuring H5N1 HI titers within the 6 weeks post vaccination with AI vaccine in the sera of different chicken subgroups using HI test. It is clearly observed that AI HI antibody mean titers in S/C and in DW CAV vaccinated subgroups at the...

Serageldeen Sultan1, Nabila Osman2

...he presence of avian HEV antibody using enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that the occurrence of avian HEV was 15.7% (80/510) and 66.7% (16/24) of the examined flocks. HEV antibody prevalence increased as age dependent and most commonly occurred among broiler breeder flocks (10/24). In conclusion, the occurrence of avian HEV was confirmed for the first time among chicken flocks in Egypt.

...

Nashwa M. Helmy1, Ahmed S. Ahmed2, and Zeinab3 Y. Mohamed

...and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) using specific hyper immune serum against LSDV. Further identifications were carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and clinco-pathological investigation. Results: The results showed that 11/30 biopsies were positive by AGPT, 19/30 by IFAT and 30/30 by PCR. While results of sero-diagnosis showed that 45/100 from apparently healthy non vaccinated cattle and 68/100 from vaccinated cattle were positive by...

Lamya A. F. Ateya1, Said A. Ahmed 2, Mansour H. Ayman3, Khamees K. Ashraf 4, Heba A. Abdel-Hady 5

... by indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) using specific hyper immune serum against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. Further identifications were carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: 15 samples were +ve for LSDV by conventional PCR.The results showed that 11/23 biopsies were positive by IFAT. Molecular identification of LSD virus by using RT-PCR, revealed positive for amplification of bands at the predicted molecular size (1926bp). Neutra...
Hussein A. Hussein, Maha Khedr, Reem A. Suliman, Marwa F. Mohamed, Mounir D. El
Safty
...gent to reach protective antibody titers and reduce virus shedding.
Methods: Groups of one-day old commercial broiler chicks were divided in to 8 groups 1, 2 and 3 were
vaccinated with a prepared vaccine contain 500HAU of H5N1 reassortant antigen; while group 4, 5 and 6
were vaccinated with an imported reassortant vaccine with 500HAU antigen content of H5N1 at 1, 5 and 10
days of age; respectively. A group 7 was ...

Rana A. Rabiea1, Mohamed Fawzy2, Mohamed H. Khodeir3 and MokhtarM. EL-Tarabili2

...There was detectable TRT antibody titers by SNT in the first week post vaccination as 4 log2
in group-1 and 2 log2 in group-3. Both groups showed peak SNT titer (256 log2) of TRT virus by the
third-week post administration of the second dose and remain stable up to 24 weeks post vaccination.
Follow up avian influenza antibody titers using HI test, peak titer (64 log2) was detected in group...
Allam A. Megahed, Badawi A. Othman, Samar S. El Masry, Abeer A. Faiesal and Mohamed A. Nasr Eldin

Ahmed K. El-Attar1, Samah A. Mokbel1 and Om-Hashem M. EL-Banna2

...gical
double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and nucleotide
sequence determination. Ultra-structural responses of basil leaf cells infected with a
morphologically distinct RNA virus, AMV, were studied. Molecular characterization and
phylogenetic analysis were performed for the AMV coat protein (CP) gene. An amplicon of the
predicted size (∼666 bp) derived from O. basi...

Abdelaziz A. Yassin, Ayman H. El Deeb, Abeer E. Mansour, Hussein A. Hussein

...2, IL-4, IFN-γ and antibody response of calves vaccinated with conventional inactivated trivalent FMD vaccine. Expression of Th1 and Th2 was determined using quantitative ELISA. Results reveled peaks of IL-4 at 7th day, IFN-γ at 14th day and IL-2 at 21st day post vaccination. Lymphocytic proliferation assays demonstrated the continuous response of lymphocytes started at the 3rd day till reaches peak at 28th day post vaccination then start to declin...
Huda S. Darwish 1, Om-hashem M. El-Banna2, Mohamed S. Abbas3, Hoda M. Waziri 1, Maisa A. Awad1
.../div>
using double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Host range study
was carried out using mechanical inoculation into fourteen different diagnostic host plant species and
cultivars belonging to 6 families. Tomato seeds were treated with four different concentration of
NaN3and EMS (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mM) and (0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%and 0.6%) respectively, then planted
into a tiss...

Wesley D. Nafarnda, Japhet H. Baraya, Olatunde H. Olabode, Malang K. Simon

... significant (P<0.05) antibody titer increase from 1:16 - 1:1024 and mean
GMT 2.87 - 5.09 amongst 61.5 - 87.0% tested chickens. Questionnaire further showed V4
thermostable ND vaccination had significant effect on morbidity, mortality, hatchability, culling and
ultimately the flock productivity.
Conclusion: Corn-bran feed based vaccination demonstrated effective delivery and suitability of V4
therm...
Shourok E. Aly 1, Karim Zaki1, Soad E. Elsayed2, M. Elgamal2, Ausama A. Yousef1, Mohamed A. Shalaby1
...higher RVFV neutralizing antibody titers.
Conclusion: The vaccine developed based on small particle vaccine formulation is an economic
solution that can be added inline to existing production platforms to enhance immunogenicity.
...
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
... this evaluation are the antibody immune response using hemagglutination
inhibition (HI) assay, protection post challenge, virus shedding and transmission in contact
non vaccinated chickens using qRT-PCR test.The genotype VII (GVII) vaccine group
induced higher HI titer by using GVII monospecific antigen and decreased virus shedding
than other group. The vaccinated group with genotype VII significantly reduced th...

Shireen S. Aboelwafa¹, Alsagher O. Ali², Rania Hamada³, Hassan Y.A.H. Mahmoud2* 

...est result of N. caninum antibody for sheep were at Al-Qurnah (9.4%). Our study also recorded 62.5% from the aborted ewes and 62.8% from the aborted does were seropositive for anti-T. gondii antibody. Moreover, the result of anti-N. caninum antibody in aborted ewes was 8.3%. Significant differences (p value<0.0001) were observed among previously aborted females when evaluated as risk fa...

Amjad Ali Channa1, Mansoor Tariq1*, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro2 

...) respectively. The mean antibody titer against H5, H7 and H9 virus was 4.87, 3.72, and 5.31 log2 respectively. AIV-ELISA revealed that overall prevalence of AIV viruses was 8.44% which was subtyped through RT-PCR that revealed the higher occurrence of H9 virus (5.33%) as compared to H7 (1.16%) and H5 (0.31%). However, the coinfections of H7/H9 (0.73%) was higher than H5/H9 (0.21%) and H5/H7/H9 (0.21%). In conclusion, the H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza viruse...

Nargis Sardar1*, Maria Binte Sarfraz2, Sufian Rasheed3 , AKM Rezwan Sardar4 , Fahamida Zaman5, Arsalan Rasheed6,7* 

Sana Shakoor, Tahir Rehman Samiullah, Naila Shahid, Abdul Qayyum Rao*, Aneela Yasmeen, Sana Tahir, Ayesha Latif, Saira Azam, Ahmad Ali Shahid and Tayyab Husnain

...was confirmed through an antibody-antigen reaction on the nitrocellulose membrane. The appearance of 67 KDa protein on the nitrocellulose membrane confirmed its specificity. The intraperitoneal immunization of mice with HA protein along with enhancer (ferund adjuvants) was done and produced antibodies in serum was detected by immunodot blotting assay. The appearance of the dot on spotted position confirmed the specificity of anti-HA antibodies. The titer of

Safaa M. Barghash1*, Amani A. Hafez2

...performance of rats, and antibody responses against both vaccines were significantly reduced in T. evansi-infected groups compared to controls and others did not contain T. evansi. It was accompanied by significant elevations levels in total leukocytic counts, urea, ALT, AST, ALP, and the total protein compared to control values. T. evansi developed protection against both vaccines with increases in α-TNF, γ-IFN, IL12, and IL6 levels, and lower in ...

Jun Zhang1*, Xiaocao Xu2 and Min Cao2

...a reminder dose based on antibody titer is recommended in these individuals.

...

Mirtneh Akalu1,2*, Takele Abayneh2, Esayas Gelaye2, Behailu Tefera2, Teferi Degefa2, Vemulapati Bhadra Murthy1 

...etric mean (GM) log10 HI antibody titer (3.46 ± 0.06) at the 42nd day. Whereas calves in the single-dose immunized group reach the peak GM 1og10 HI titer (2.79 ± 0.13) at day 28th post immunization (p < 0.05). Challenged calves showed the lowest mean clinical respiratory sign score in booster-dose immunized calves (1.2 ± 0.35) than in the single-dose group (4.2 ± 0.51) but the highest score was noted in the control group (6.2 &pl...

Qiong Xiang1, Jing-Jing Li1, Qian Zhang1,3, Rong-Bo Tian1 and Xian-Hui Li1,2*

... type-2 receptor (SSTR2) antibody enhances mechanical hyperalgesia in dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGs) based on Pinch-nerve injury painful model. However, more details on the role of SSTR2 involved should have been clearly elucidated. Here in this study, we focused on the early phase of painful process; detected the painful hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by Pinch-nerve injury firstly; and then we analysed the expression of SSTR2 protein in DRGs after in...

Tri Untari1*, Sitarina Widyarini2, Michael Haryadi Wibowo1, Marla Anggita1 

...one by measuring the NDV antibody titers using hemagglutination inhibition test and histological studies to observe the toxic effect of red ginger to the chicken livers and kidneys. Antibody titers in group I, II, III and IV were determined as HI (log)2 average and were recorded 3.81, 2.91, 3.13 and 0.95, while the geometric mean titers (GMT) were 13.9, 8.6, 7.5 and 1.9 respectively. The unvaccinated groups (V, VI, VII) exhi...

Mohamed A. Hussein1, Bahgat A. Abd El-Rehman2, Kareem A. Eldin2, Mohamed Fouad Mansour1* 

...uding IL-2. Neutralizing antibody was increased from the 2nd week post-vaccination and reached the peak at 5th, 4th and 3th months in groups vaccinated with Ch-NPsV, AlP-NPsV and AlHV respectively. It could be concluded that Ch-NPsV and AlP-NPsV are safe, potent and induce a higher antibody response than traditional vaccine.

Keywords | Rift Valley fever vaccine, Aluminum phosphate nanoparticles, Chitosan nanoparticle...

Sara Mohamed Hemeda1, R.H. Sayed2, Hani Hassan1, Sheima A.E.2, Hassan Aboul-Ella3, R. Soliman3*
...ion of the gold chloride-antibody conjugate in the conjugation pad was adjusted to detect β-lactam antibiotics in milk samples that exceed the permissible limit. In the newly developed kits, each involved β-lactam antibiotic conjugated with KLH was placed in the test line to compete for the gold chloride anti-β-lactams antibodies conjugate with the free beta-lactam antibiotics supposedly exceeding the permissible limit and existing in the tested...

Liyun Chang1, Aiju Liu2, Jianshuang Zhang3, Yingbin Chen1 and Zhiyong Liu4*

... detecting the T. gondii antibody in pet cats, whose reaction conditions were optimized. The SAG2 gene was successfully cloned into a pET-21a (+) prokaryotic expression vector, and the recombinant plasmid pET-21a-SAG2 was obtained. The size of the recombinant protein was approximately 19 kDa, and it was expressed mainly in the form of an inclusion body. The optimal reaction conditions were as follows: antigen-coating concentration, 0.6 μg·mL-1; serum...

Shahan Azeem1*, Muhammad Akram Muneer2, Liaquat Ahmad3, Sameera Akhtar1 and Talat Naseer Pasha4,5

...an influenza virus (AIV) antibody response, intestinal microflora, and feed efficiency of broilers. Forty-five day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into five treatments and housed under identical husbandry conditions. Antibiotic-free poultry feed was procured from a commercial feed mill. The antibiotics were mixed in the feed as per the manufacturer’s instructions and offered ad libitum to the chickens for the entire study period. The chickens ...

Xiangli Dong1,2, Shilin Mikhail Borisovich2, Jiji Li1,*, Jianyu He1, Zeqin Fu1, Yingying Ye1, Julia N. Lukina3, Olga V. Apalikova4 and Jianshe Zhang1

...n fragments suitable for antibody production. We then PCR amplified L.c-MRC1 and L.c-MRC2 and cloned them into prokaryotic protein expression vectors (MRC1 (1044bp)-pET32A and MRC2 (993bp)-pET32A). We performed SDS-PAGE analysis of the expressed L.c-MRC1 and L.c-MRC2 proteins and demonstrated high protein expression levels and purity. This study generates some essential molecular biology tools for the study of L. crocea MRC1 and MRC2 protein structure and func...

Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Mohamed Mahrous Amer2*, Khaled Mohamed Elbayoumi1 , Sameh Abdel- Moez Ahmed Amer1, Asmaa Mahmoud Matoaq1 , Mohamed Abdel Aziz Kutkat1, Gomaa Abd El-Rhim Abdel-Alim2  

...cols were able to induce antibody levels for NDV after vaccination with varying titers. Overall, the serological response at challenge day were significantly with higher titers in groups vaccinated with inactivated NDV genotype VII vaccines when compared with other groups. Regarding broiler performance parameters it was noticed that, there is no significant difference in body weight (BW) as well as feed conversion rate (FCR) among all chickens in different vac...

Reda Hassan*, Bahaa Abou-shehema, Sherif Zayed, Micheal Gorgy, Shama Morsy, El-Sayed Abu El-Hassan, Mahmoud El-Gbaly, Hanaa Basuony, Ebtehal Hassan 

... (P<0.05) reduced the antibody titer against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), total protein, albumin values in broilers serum compared with ngative control. Aflatoxins supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased malondialdehyde values in liver and significantly (P<0.05) diminished the reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S- transferase (GST). In addition to, dissemination of aflatoxin residue in broilers liver was detected. Nevertheless, dietary a...

Ibrahim El-Ratel1*, Mostafa El-Moghazy2, Amira El-Gaml2, Ibrahim Abu El-Naser2 

...one, immunoglobulin, and antibody titer, while reduced lysozyme. All PEE levels improved antioxidants capacity, while reduced malondialdehyde in blood serum and in seminal plasma. Advanced motility, membrane integrity, livability and sperm viability were improved, but sperm abnormality, apoptosis and necrosis were reduced in cryopreserved semen by all PEE levels. Total antioxidants capacity was increased, while malondialdehyde was decreased in post-thawed seme...

Chanathip Thammakarn1*, Sawanya Umphonphison1, Paitoon Kaewhom2, Kanokrat Srikijkasemwat1 

...Thailand 

...

Soshe Ahmed1*, Mst. Ishrat Zerin Moni1, Maksuda Begum2, Md. Jafar Eqbal3, Md. Shahidul Islam4, Mst. Samira Tanjim1, Mst. Rokeya Sultana1 

... an HI test to determine antibody titers. The Haemagglutination inhibition test was done using Newcastle Disease Virus LaSota strain NLT 106.0 EID50 antigen. Post-hatch feed and water deprivation durations significantly affect the production parameters. Feed intake, body weight gain and average daily gain were significantly (p<0.01) lower in the T5 group. Significantly (p<0.01), a poor feed conversion ratio was observed in the T5 group. The lowest (91.66...

Ayesha Bakhtiar1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood2, Abdul Rauf Bhatti3*, Shabir Ahmad2, Naqash Khalid2, Javed Iqbal5, Azra Nadeem4 and Waqas Ahmad1

... the study, the serum HI antibody response to these four immunisations was assessed. As evidence of its strong efficacy, Group C, which had received the Lasota (vaccine-2) vaccination, displayed high antibody titers throughout the experiment. In terms of geometric mean titers, there was a significant difference (p 0.05) between the groups. On days 7, 14, 21, and 35 of the experiment, data on other performance indicators, inc...
Rafik Soliman1, Neven Waheeb2, Essam Nasr2, Mahmoud El-Hariri1, Heidy Abo-Elyazeed1, Hassan Aboul-Ella1*
...t, lateral flow kits for antibody detection, ELISA, Rapid diagnostics, dairy industry, Human health hazards, Granulomatous diseases
...

Abdirahman Barre*, Karanja D Njuguna, Bebora Lilly Caroline and George Chege Gitao

... to establish respective antibody titres. The organs condemned at inspections are due to inflammatory processes that can be associated with brucellosis or other zoonotic diseases. Standard biosecurity measures at slaughterhouses and farms be enhanced the control and prevention of Brucella infection to animals and human.

...

Ahmed Ali Chandio1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Nazar Ali Korejo2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari3 and Muhammad Ali Chandio4

... performance parameters, antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen and thymus) and enumeration of gut microflora. Results showed that PPLP improved (P < 0.05) production performance, final body weight, carcass weight and relative weight of lymphoid organs. Anti-NDV titer was improved on both 21 (P > 0.05) and 35 (P < 0.05) day in PPLP supplemented groups as compared to control. Total bacter...

A. A- E. Abo-Elkhier1, K. S. E. Abdel-Wahab2, M. A. Ali3, M. A-H. El-Sayed4, N.A-K. Saleh5 and A. A. Atef6

...for anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibody and the positive cases were tested for HEV Ag and HEV RNA. The fetal tissue from anti-HEV IgG and IgM positive aborted women and cord serum of infant of anti-HEV IgG and IgM positive full term delivered women were tested for REV Ag and HEV RNA. Among 120 aborted women. 2.5 (3/120) of them were positive result with anti-HEV IgM. Anti-HEV IgG, HEV RNA and HEV Ag. also 11.7 % (14/120) of them gave positive result with anti-HEV Ig...

A.Y. Ahmad1, M. A. Amer2, T. A. Mostafa1, F. M. Abo El-Abbas1, and M. El-Hammady1

...sitively with monoclonal antibody specific to Potato virus Y group N. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). hemi-nested and nested-RT-PCR were used to study their molecular characters. Three pairs of primers were selected to react with 5'-non-translation region (5'-NTR) and PI gene from the PVY genome. PCR products yielded by one primers pair reached 835 bp. while reached about 1 kb (974, 926 bp) by the other primers. Partial sequencing or ...

Tanvir Ahmed1, Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury1, Bibek Chandra Roy1Shubash Chandra Das1*, Khan Md. Shaiful Islam2, Bipul Chandra Ray1, Sukumar Saha3 

...d. On days 22 and 34, HI antibody titer was determined against Newcastle disease (ND) and ELISA was performed for Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD). On day 35, birds were sacrificed to determine carcass yield and harvest intestinal contents for microbial and histomorphological examination. Live weights and live weight gains were higher (p = 0.05) in PB and AGP groups with the lowest feed intake in AGP (p =0.05). AGP-fed birds had better uniformity than the birds...

Tajul Islam Mamun, Jillur Rahman, Mahmudul Hasan, Md. Jamal Hossain, Md Wakil Mahmud and Kamruz Zaman

...linical examination, FIP antibody kit test, blood test and Rivalta’s test. The prevalence of young cats was 6.94%, sexually intact cats 5.29% and 20% of cats in poor health conditions were significantly associated with the occurrence of FIP (p ≤ 0.05). Sex and breed were not statistically associated with FIP but had a comparatively high prevalence. Most of the suspected FIP clinical feature was effusive (66.66%). This outcome provides an empirical ana...

Abdulaziz A. Alaqil

...ti-sheep red blood cells antibody titer, and more than 50% in T- and B-lymphocyte stimulation index, while recording a double increase in the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio. In contrast, the productive traits and immunological aspects were significantly (p < 0.05) augmented by PR supplementation to the broiler diets. Furthermore, PR supplementation successfully restored the broiler production and immune response after challenge with EC infection and elevate...

Samin Ullah1, Huma Rizwana1, Abdul Kabir1,2*, Atique Ahmed Behan1, Muhammad Naeem1, Ghulam Shabbir Barham1, Abdul Hafeez Bukero1, Anees ur Rahman1, Naseeb Ullah1 and Shafiq ur Rahman Shah1

...serum protein, and serum antibody IgG levels of group C were also higher than those of groups B and A. The study also found that two calves in group A, one calf in group B, and one calf in group C had health issues such as diarrhea and pneumonia. The findings suggest that providing 4 liters of colostrum to crossbred Holstein Friesian calves within 30 minutes of birth can improve their immunity and health. This study provides evidence for farmers to consider in...

Amthal Ahmed Fouad1, Basem Mohamed Ahmed2, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein1, Hussein Aly Hussein2* 

...y and direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT) were applied to detect RABV antigens in the brain of rabid dog. Relevant reads from the Ion S5 sequencing system were assembled into a draft genome. The draft genome was analyzed, re-assembled, and compared to representative RABV genomes from Africa and the Middle East region. Results: The complete genome of 5EG-QH19 strain extends for 11919 nt including the standard RABV protein genes in the correct order. Twenty-...

Mohammed Naji Odhah1,2, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1*, Bura Thlama Paul3,4, Bashiru Garba5, Zaid Mahmood1, Eric Lim Teik Chung6, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila7  

...ertaken to determine the antibody titre (IgM and IgG) in does challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis and its Mycolic acids (MAs) immunogen extract. About 12 healthy crossbred female Boer goats were assigned into three groups (A, B and C), each comprising of 4 goats. Group A (Negative control group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-pH 7); Group B (Mycolic acid group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of immuno...

Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Aly Mohammed Ghetas1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila1, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy2

...oped the highest humoral antibody titers throughout the vaccination schedule and conferred a complete protection against mortality with milder clinical signs, moreover displayed a significant decrease in the shedding of NDV with drastically blocked shedding 7 days PC compared to group B with little clinical protection, higher mortalities, lower antibody titers and longest viral shedding PC. In conclusion, the NDV genotype VI...

Olabode, H.O.K1, Mailafia, S1, Martha Echioda-Ogbole1*, Ameh, J.A1, Amadi, K.I1 and Meseko C.A

...agglutinating inhibiting antibody titre ranging from 1 log2-5 log2. Breed specific sero-prevalence were 4% and 16% for local and exotic (layers) chickens respectively, while broilers showed no detectable antibodies. Questionnaire responses indicated low awareness level on the zoonotic potential of AI but high level of awareness on the economic impact of the disease. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary information on the occurrence of Avian Influenza...

Saloua Ziani1*, Khalid Sohaib2 , Youssef Lhor3, Ikhlass El Berbri4, And Ouafaa Fassi Fihri4  

...easons for variations in antibody titers in dogs. Data from 848 dogs exported from Morocco was collected. The results revealed that too-old dogs (over six years) or too young (under four months) are also less likely to respond to vaccination than dogs that are four months to six years old. A dog receiving a booster dose is better immunized than a dog receiving a single dose. On the other hand, the time interval between the last vaccination and the time of samp...

Nguyen Thi Thu Hien1, Dong Huu Rin2, Nguyen Xuan Hoa1, Le Viet Tuan Khanh2, Phung Thang Long1*, Dinh Thi Bich Lan1

...products (e.g., egg yolk antibody) against M. hyopneumoniae.
 
Keywords | Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine enzootic pneumonia, P36 protein, protein expression, recombinant protein, antigenicity
...

Retno Setyaningsih1, Sri Murtini2*, I Wayan Teguh Wibawan2, Surachmi Setiyaningsih2, Ekowati Handharyani3

...led the presence of RHDV antibody in rabbit serums without clinical symptoms in some rabbit farms. The presence of antibodies to RHDV in rabbits without vaccination indicates exposure to the virus. Thus, this study aims to investigate the presence of RHDV antigen in asymptomatic seroconverted RHDV rabbits in West Bandung District, West Java Province, Indonesia also to see the relevance of seroconversion within rabbit’s profile. Liver, intestines, and fae...

Franciscus Rudi Prasetyo Hantoro1,2,*, Dwi Sunarti1, Turrini Yudiarti1, Sri Sumarsih1, Rini Nurhayati2 

...level, the lower the NDV antibody titres, but it did not affect the blood profile, LAB and coliform numbers, lymphoids, MDA levels, or growth performance. It was concluded that high stocking densities and reduced crude protein levels have the potential to harm health but do not affect the growth performance of Sensi 1 Agrinak chickens.  

...

Khalid Alhudaib

...the causal virus. Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was performed using the commercially available for PNRSV. Result showed that 30 (11 Apricot and 19 Peach) out of 166 leaf samples were infected with PNRSV. Total RNA, from the same samples used in ELISA test, was extracted in accordance with its instructions to confirm ELISA results. RT-PCR was performed using PDV, PNRSV and PPV specific primers. RT-PCR resulted in the amp...

Elkalamawyl, I.M.; Elhddadl, S.; Swelim2, M.A.; Hamdy2, S.M. and Fahmy3, Hanan A.•

...anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and a long-lasting anti-HBc (core) IgM. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were performed to surface antigen region and revealed two genotype D mutants 1--1BV. Aligned with known I-BsAg sequences from GenBank, the mutant variants matched to consensus with eight distinct genotypes (A to H) of hepatitis B virus. Multiple sequence alignment provided a more sensible way of detecting sequence homology and ide...

Raof*, Amal M. A.; Haleem*, Iman Y.; Aly*, Nawal M.; * *Garhy, M.M. and Hosny***, Gehan A.

...tural protein (NSP) 3ABC antibody is considered to be the most reliable indicator of present or past infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vaccinated animals. An indirect ELISA was established, for detection of the antibody response to FMDV NSP 3ABC using commercial ELISA kit (Prio-check) for l065 serum samples were collected (735) from Sharkia and (330) from Kafr ElSheikh Governorates during 2009 from cattle...

Madboulyl , H. M.; Tamami , S.M.; Abd Elmoneml , A.S.; Husseinl , A.S. and Arafa2, A.M.

...evel of maternal derived antibody in their sera. This denotes the protection against APV independent on the presence of high levels of maternal antibodies.

...

Mahdyl , A.M.M.; Hafezl , M.A.; EL-Dougdoug2, Kh. A.; Fawzyl , R.N. and Shahwanl , Eman S.M.•

... (DBIA) using polyclonal antibody specific CMV. Water extracts of Mirabilis jalapa, Clerodendrum inerme and Kombucha as antiviral to control the virus infection and detection systemic acquired resistance (SAR) Were Studied. SAR was detected by determination of salicylic acid (SA) resulted induction of protein related to biotic inducers, virus concentration and disease severity (DS). The obtained results from quantification of total SA in induced tomato plants ...

Ahmed, AmalA.; Zein, Salwa N. and Khatab, Eman A. H.

...5 widths. The polyclonal antibody raised against the virus under study had a virus — specific titer of 1:7500 in bled one and 1: 7000 in bled two. Incidence of the disease reached 75% in some apiaceae crops and many of the infected plants were unfit for marketing. It is suggested that control of the disease may be achieved by introducing a celery-free period to break the cycle of virus transmission between successive crops. This work records of the first...

Arafa, A.; Kanawaty, Z.; Abdclwhab. E. M.; Hassan, M.K.; and Aly M.M.

...Avian Influenza type (A) antibody ELISA revealed 4/73 positive samples of chicken sera, while HI test against AI-H7 revealed negative results for all examined species. Molecular examination of swab samples by RRT-PCR revealed negative results for Avian Influenza H7. The current paper documents absence of Al-H7 in backyard birds around El-Abassa Lake in Egypt during the surveillance in October, 2007. Also this study highlights the need for continuous active sur...

Ahmed Abd El Samie Hassan Ali

Attyat, M. Kotb; Abeer, E. Mansour; Naglaa, I. Aly; Zeinab, T.Salama and Azab, A. Mohamed

.... The serum neutralizing antibody titer expressed in log10 of FMD (strain O and strain A) in calves vaccinated with bivalent FMD vaccine only were increased from (0.9 log10 and 0.9 log10) consequently at the first week post vaccination (WPV) till it reached (2.7 log10 and 2.85 log10) for type O and type A respectively by the week. These titers were reduced to (l .2 log10 — 1.35 log10) by the 16th WPV. The FMD neutralizing antibod...

*Hanan M.M. Elzahed, Abd EL-Moneim A.A, *Afaf A. Khedr, *Elham A. Elabiare, Waleed S. Abd El-Latif, Reda M.I.

...s showed a high level of antibody -to (CAV) followed by moderate level for up to 50 weeks of age. In addition progeny chicks showed a detectable level Of maternally-derived antibody. New castle Disease Virus (NDV) antibodies were monitored in adult hens during the first 22 weeks of their age using Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) technique. Dams showed sufficient of antibodies to (NDV) through this period indicating that th...

Eman, M. Abd El-Mottaleb.*; Ahmed, S.A."; Maysa, H.M.*; Salem, S.A.* and M. M. El-Shenawy

Eman, M. M. Soliman*; Taha, M. M.*;El-Sanousi A,;Shalaby M. S. Wasscl , Youscf Adel*
...t vaccination, where the antibody titer elevated from I st WPV till reach the protective level at 5th WPV. Effective doses in mice has been calculated in mice by inoculation of 5 groups of mice (10 each) with 2 doses of five fold diluted vaccine; inoculated mice have been challenged I/P with virulent RVF virus 103 to 104 mouse I/P lethal dose50(MIPLD50), it was ranged from 0.006 - 0.0007. Using the Rt-PCR to confirm the efficacy of binary  ethyleneam...

Abdel Razek,B.Omar*and Magda M.Sayed**

...and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). Serum neutralization test (SNT) and ELISA tests were applied for titration and evaluation of the hyperimmune sera before conjugation with fluorescent. Total protein concentration of the prepared LSDV antisera was 0.8g/dl. Separation of anti-LSDV immunoglobulins 1gG were done using ammonium sulphate followed by conjugation with fluorescein isothiocyanate at pH 9.6. The anti-LSDV IgG conjugated fluorescein ster...

M.A. Farag*, Abeer, E. Mansour* and s.M. 

...tage of 33%, decrease in antibody titers and low values of AOD. The immunosuppressive effects of BVDV and AFBI on the immune response of sheep vaccinated with bivalent FMD vaccine were discussed.

...
El-Dougdoug, Kh.A. t , S.A. Ghaza12 , A.A. Mousa2, H. Fahmyj and A.R. sofy2 
...ferentiated using double antibody sandwich-enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), woody indicator plants, differential hosts, peroxidase isozymes and activity, total RNA content and reserves transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The severe isolate (ARC) gave the highest OD. value (2.204) in ELISA, followed by the mild isolate (TB) (1.958) and the last latent isolate (N) (1.669). These isolates differed also in incubation period, intensity of ...

Sabry Y. M. Mahmoud; Maher H. Hosseny and Mamdouh H. Abdel-Ghaffar

...was determined by double antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and biologically test before and after treatments The two cycles of thermotherapy at approximately 370C, during 40 and 30 days, resulted in 33.3 and 14.2% PVY elimination, respectively. Thus, these results indicated that thermotherapy is moderately efficient for viral eradication. Chemotherapy was undertaken with 20 mg Ribavirin (RBV); it is showed the medium rate of virus eliminat...

Sahar, A. Youssef t ; M.M.A. Al-Dhaher 2 and A.A. Shalaby 

...as carried out by double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and reverse ü-anscription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The use of tissue culture was investigated as a mean to eliminate the two viruses. Virus free plants were produced within six months using meristem tip culture. Woody plant medium supplied with benzylamino purine (BAP) (1.5 mg/L) for shoot proliferation, and Indol butyric acid (IBA) (0.05 mg/L) for plants r...

* Amal Abou El-Ela, A.

...V was detected by double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) was used to amplify a 450 bp cDNA fragment from infected rose leaves (Rosa indica L.) using the primers Macl and Mac2 specific to Prunus necrotic ring spot virus (PNRSV) which were designed to amplify of the 3' end of the coat protein gene (RNA-3)- Nucleic acid hybridization was useful for the detec...

Amal Abo El-Ela Ahmed; Eman A.H. Khatab; and M.S. Shafie

...or width. The polyclonal antibody raised against the virus under study had a virus specific titer or 1:2000 

...

M.R. Abd-El Wahab l, H.A. Hussein2, T.M. Asfourl and M.A. Shalaby2

...re ELISA and fluorescent antibody assay. Histopathology examination of different organs revealed changes similar to those reported with BVDV infection. The existence of BVDV in sera collected from camel population. in the area (Al-Ain city. Western area or Abu Dhabi- Emirate, UAE) where camels were found was confirmed. The antigen was confirmed using antigen capture ELISA and FA assay. Testing 356 camel sera by serum neutralization test revealed negative for t...

Ahmed Abd El-Samie H. Ali

...veloped low neutralizing antibody titers as type I (3, 12, 18 and 44) and type-2 (6, 16, 20 and 48) on days 5, 7, 10 and 15 post infection, respectively. There was a significant and minor diminution in the expression of the MHC-II and MHC-I molecules respectively in virus infected calves on days 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-days post infection when compared to control calves. There was close correlation between both in vitro and in vivo of virus immunodown regulatory ef...

Arwa H. El -Naggar, Nirmeen G. Shafiek, and M. S. Wassel.

...on with fluorescent. The antibody titer reach 32 by SNT and 5984 by ELISA and identified by IFA to be Bovine rota. Separation of anti B. Rota immunoglobulins IgG "were done using activated Sepharose 4B followed by conjugation with fluorescein isothiocyanate at PH 9.6. The conjugated IgG was tested against reference B. Rota antigen using direct and indirect fluorescein assay (FA. IFA). Both assay gave good result as the working dilution of the fluorescein ...

Farid S. Nassar1,2, Osama A. El-Sayed3, Saidi Ouassaf4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2* 

...ty, as determined by the antibody (AB) titers and the phytohemagglutinin-wattle reaction (PHA-WR), respectively. It was observed that most of these measures showed a linear trend response to the rise in FS levels up to 30 g/kg of broiler diets. The FS30 group presented the lowest values of CORT and MDA by approximately 21% and 15%, respectively, and the maximum levels of AB titer and PHA-WR by 38% and 3-fold, respectively. These findings suggested that dietary...

Salema Lafta Hassan1*, Taghred Jabbar Humadai1, Sabrin Ibraheem Mohsin

...h a considerable rise in antibody titer in the third and second groups, but decreased serum antibody levels in the first group. Furthermore, the (IgG) titer in serum is measured using the Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. G1 revealed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the first group when compared to G2, G3, and G4. Histopathological examination of the testes revealed testicular degeneration, together with...

Wahid Hussein El-Dabae*, Eman Shafeek Ibrahim, Eslam Gaber Sadek, Mai Mohamed Kandil

...ed chicks by means of HI antibody response and protection from heterologus virulent challenge while showing little to no residual pathogencity. Histopathological inspection showed less severe pathological lesions in vaccinated challenged chickens than in non-vaccinated challenged chickens. Quantitation of viral loads following challenge indicated reduction of viral loads shed from birds vaccinated with the attenuated AOAV-1 virus. These preliminary insights co...

Nadya Indriyani1, Sri Murtini2*, Sri Darwati3, Cece Sumantri3

...orbent Assay (ELISA) and antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (AbNDV) methods using Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI) tests. Descriptive analysis was performed on production performance data and humoral immunity to estimate phenotypic correlation of the statistical method of Pearson correlation analysis. The results of IgY examination in men aged 27 weeks were 9.49 ± 1.37 mg/mL and IgY in women 9.36 ± 2.89 mg/mL. AbNDV ages 0 and 2 weeks ...
Samia S. Alkhalil1, Faisal Al-Sarraj2, Abeer S. Aloufi3, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh4, Mamdoh S. Moawadh4, Fayez M. Saleh5, Majid Al-Zahrani6, Waheeb Aggad7, Youssef S. Alghamdi8, Mutaib M. Mashraqi9, Saleh Alshamrani9 and 
Mona H. Soliman10,11*
...ative response to PHA-P, antibody response to SRBCs, total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status of the rats and interleukin concentrations, along with histopathology of organs. Results of this study confirmed the immunomodulation and antioxidant capacity of Bacillus licheniformis against 28 µg/kg BW of aflatoxins. 

...

Muhammad Wasif Gulzar*, Riffat Maqsood, Muhammad Zain, Muhammad Suleman, Tayyab Ur Rehman, Sana Asif, Abdul Wadood and Jawad Hussain

Minh Thi Le Bui1, Thanh Minh Le2, Thuan Khanh Nguyen1*

... test measured the serum antibody level against the Newcastle disease virus. The results showed that A. fistulosum L. powder supplementation (10 g/kg) in the basal diet increased the antibody titer against, while chlortetracycline (10 mg/kg) in the basal diet had a low antibody titer against ND virus in chickens on 49 days of age. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were similar among th...

Saira Jabeen1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum3

...d to trigger highest IHA antibody response in rabbits. Three distinct vaccine types were prepared, each employing different adjuvants. To ensure the quality and safety of these vaccines, quality control assessment was carried out. The efficacy evaluation of the vaccines was performed on 24 locally bred rabbits, divided into 4 groups. Each group received a different type of vaccine, with booster doses at 15-day intervals following the priming. Serum samples wer...

Liyun Chang1*, Yumei Cai1, Chenghui Li1 and Jianhua Qin2*

...ed by PCR, the serum IgG antibody was detected by routine ELISA, peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation response was evaluated by cell proliferation assay. The results showed that a target band of 583 bp was obtained by PCR in DNA vaccine PLGA microspheres group at 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th day post-injection. No 3-1E gene target band was found in the control group and the naked plasmid DNA vaccine group. It indicated that plasmid pcDNA3-1E existed in tis...

Aya A. Saber1, Mohamed Fawzy2*, MokhtarM. EL-Tarabili2, Eman K. El Sayed2

...est (SNT) and ELISA. BEF antibody titers were detected by SNT in the 1st-week post first vaccination as 6 (by detecting the endpoint of the serum that inhibit completely 100 TCID50) in the group 1 and 5.2 in a group 3. Group 1 and 3 SNT showed elevated antibody titers that reached the peak (128) at the 4th-week post-second vaccination and the 3rd-month post-second vaccination respectively, Moreover, ...

Quart ul Ain1, Arfan Ahmad1*, Aftab Ahmad Anjum1 and Mamoona Chaudhry2

...trial. In present study, antibody titers (geometric mean titer-GMT) showed increasing trends (48.5 to 55.5) in all vaccinated groups (p>0.05) until challenge infection followed by decrease in antibody titer (22.6 to 27.9) for 5 days PCI. This study indicated, all the vaccines found effective in reducing virus shedding and induction of humoral immunity however local vaccines presented robust reduction compared to imported ...

Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel* and Karima Mohamed Abdo Abofarag

... Newcastle disease virus antibody titer and low heterophil/lymphocyte ratio in comparing with WLC. Poultry producers can use blue light color or vitamin E and Se supplementation shortly before and after the vaccination to reduce the stress of vaccination and the post vaccinal reactions in IR broilers.

...

Yugang Meng1*, Xiting Yan2 and Haiying Liang3

...(VEGF), anti-endometrial antibody (EMAb) and sex hormone in patients with endometriosis. Participants in the study, 92 patients with endometriosis admitted from June 2016 to May 2017 to our hospital, randomly were divided into control group and study group (46 cases in each group). The control group was given routine treatment such as medroxyprogesterone acetate tablet, and the study group was given injection of goserellin on the basis of the control group. Th...

Jamal Abdul Nasir1, Naila Chand1, Abdul Hafeez1 and Rifat Ullah Khan2*

...group. Additionally, the antibody titers against NDV, IBV, and IBDV were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the PO-3 group. Similarly, the histological features of the cecum, including villus height, width, and their respective ratio, were significantly higher in PO3 compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that supplementing the diet with various levels of oyster mushroom stem waste led to improved growth performance, enhanced im...

YP Arios1,2*, J Pamungkas3, IWT Wibawan3, D Iskandriati4, CS Tan5, SPH Rahman5

... cats through RNA and/or antibody detection, following the initial reported case of companion animal infection in March 2020. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from and to companion animals is crucial because dogs and cats frequently share close proximity with their owners and often engage with people and other animals outside of their household. Earlier research has suggested that pets can create an immune response to SARS-CoV-2; yet, it remains unclear whether ...

Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi1, Majeed Ajafar2, Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory2 * 

...he highest (P ≤ 0.05) antibody titers against Newcastle disease at the 3rd and 6th weeks. Total immunoglobulin titers were found to be increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the G4 group at the 6th week, while the G3, G4, and G5 groups showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in IgG antibody titers throughout the entire experimental period. Moreover, all manganese treatments significantly improved (P ≤ 0.05) AST enzyme levels, ...

Yingying Wang1, Sufen Zhao2* and Qunxiu Liu3*

...l, and waders to produce antibody titers that meet national standards. The current immunization program against ND can provide sufficient protection for pheasants and waterfowl, but in some wading birds fails to reach 100% due to different species, which needs to be verified in future work. Therefore, if necessary, the vaccination interval between administration of AI vaccines (H9 subtype) can be appropriately extended to reduce the stress reaction caused by c...

Isti Anindya1, Ibnu Agus Ariyanto2  and Amin Soebandrio

...nbsp; were offered a CMV antibody test used ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Besides of anti-CMV IgG, gender, age in children, we also assessed other parental variables and used linear regression. Seropositivity of CMV in children was found to be 98% (with autism) and 96% (without autism). We identified a strong relationship between IgG CMV (R2­ = 0.041) and children gender (autism group). However, no other statistically significant variable was ...

Basirat Opemipo Amoo-Adeboye1*, Kazeem Olanrewaju Amoo2, Saheed Adeyinka Odediji3, James Akinwunmi Ogunniran1, Adenike Titilayo Olayinka1 and Oluyinka Oladele Opaleye1

...rubella Immunoglobulin G antibody (IgG) while 12 (7%) were positive for rubella Immunoglobulin M antibody (IgM). Ten (10) (5.9%) had both rubella IgG and IgM. Pregnant women within 26–30 years had the highest IgG level (38.9%), while those < 20 years had no detectable IgG (0.0%). However, for IgM, pregnant women within 20–25 years had the highest prevalence (58.3%), while those aged 26–30 years had no de...

Fazli Amin1*, Amjad Usman1, Maqsood Shah¹ and Sarzamin Khan²

.... Similarly, the highest antibody titers against the Newcastle disease, and lower mortality rate were calculated in the D4 group than in the remaining groups. Meat quality was not affected. A significant increase in the net profit was observed in the D4 group as compared to the leftover groups. Based on the current findings, it is concluded that T. molitor at the rate of 2.0 g/kg in broiler feed improves the production performance, boosts the immune response a...

Nahed Yehia1*, Rania I. Mohamed2

...2 dpi to 10 dpi and mean antibody titer at 7 and 14 dpi (6±0.52 and 6.8±0.61 log2) respectively. The histopathological alterations do not only affect the respiratory and digestive systems; they also affect the heart, liver pancreas, and proventriculus. Also, the spleen showed severe lymphoid depletion and necrosis causing immunosuppression. Regular virus monitoring and study of the pathogenicity is necessary for better control of virus infection....

Thaer W. Enad*, Khalefa A. Mansour

...sed on serum samples for antibody detection. Genetic analysis revealed a close genetic relationship between the Iraqi SAT2 isolates and the Egyptian strains, suggesting a possible transmission route. This study outlines an increased risk of disease from SAT2 form and significant biosecurity challenges to Iraqi livestock, indicating requirements for focused at-risk surveillance and control efforts.
 
Keywords | Buffaloes, Epidemiolo...

Nguyen Phi Bang1,2*, Nguyen Thi Hanh Chi1,2, Ngo Thuy Bao Tran1,2, Nguyen Thi Bich Hanh1,2, Nguyen Ba Trung1,2, Le Thi Thuy Hang1,2

...es. ELISA tests measured antibody levels, and statistical analysis, including chi-square and t-tests, was used to compare proportions and means, revealing that 80.47% of dogs developed protective antibodies. The highest antibody levels were in dogs aged >12–24 (89.47%, 7.44±0.49 EU/mL, 95% CI) months and >24–60 months (87,62%, 6.93±0.32 EU/mL, 95% CI), with significant (P<0.05) indicating s...

Abeer S. Hafez1, Shereen M. Aly1, Dalia M. A. Elmasry2*, H. A. Hussein3, Marwa A. Abdelmagid4

...r PN had an effect on HI antibody titer against NDVV. Pathological examination revealed significant alleviation in the immune organ structure of both PEE and PN groups in which lymphoid depletion and inflammatory changes decreased. In contrast, the intestine of the PEE group showed more significant improvement than PN group on 21and28 days old with intact villi and few lymphocytic infiltrations. Indeed, using of PN as an additive with vaccine application in ch...

Diaa El-Boraey1, Mousa A. Ayoub1, Wael K. Elfeil2*, Said Ibrahim Fathalla3, Ibrahim Said Abu-alya3, Mohamed Abaza4, Ahmed R. Gado5, Mobarez A.A.6, Nehal K. Alm Eldin6

... were measured to assess antibody responses in addition to performance parameters. The obtained results demonstrated a reduction in antibody levels against the H9 strain of Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) reached to 36% in the groups received the vaccines combined with antibiotics. These findings suggested that the addition of antibiotics to inactivated vaccines may compromise the immune response of broiler chickens, potentially...

Hakeem Jawad Kadhim1, Abbas Kamil Shlaga1*, Safaa Hussein Ali2 

...ne. Thereafter, the mean antibody levels of ND-infected birds were significantly lower than those of uninfected birds. In contrast, inflammatory biomarkers’ gene expression exhibited an increase in their mRNA levels, indicating that the birds were infected with a viral infection and that there is inflammation in the body. In conclusion, the M gene could be used as a marker for identifying NDV in infected birds. Similarly, the NDV infection led to a decre...
Qurat-ul-Ain1*, A. Ahmad2, Farhat Nazir Awan3, M. Rabbani1 and M. Hassan Mushtaq4
...hough higher (p>0.05) antibody titer (s/p values) were noted in group B as compared to group A. Throughout the experiment, antibody titer of vaccinated groups remained significantly higher (p<0.05) than group C. Both the vaccinated groups showed protective ELISA antibody titers (S/P value) at 4 months post vaccination that persisted up-to 10th months followed by decline indicated the...

Pakistan Journal of Zoology

December

Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 6, pp. 2501-3000

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